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    Intro To Assembly Language

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    Cruise_Ice
    Assembly language is a low-level programming language that is directly related to machine language instructions. It uses mnemonic codes to represent processor instructions and has a one-to-one correspondence with machine language. While it is more readable than machine language, assembly language is still a low-level language where instructions perform basic operations and it is influenced by the underlying system architecture. The document provides examples of assembly language instructions and how they relate to both high-level languages and machine language.

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    Intro To Assembly Language

    Uploaded by

    Cruise_Ice
    265 views11 pages
    Assembly language is a low-level programming language that is directly related to machine language instructions. It uses mnemonic codes to represent processor instructions and has a one-to-one correspondence with machine language. While it is more readable than machine language, assembly language is still a low-level language where instructions perform basic operations and it is influenced by the underlying system architecture. The document provides examples of assembly language instructions and how they relate to both high-level languages and machine language.

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    Assembly language is a low-level programming language that is directly related to machine language instructions. It uses mnemonic codes to represent processor instructions and has a one-to-one correspondence with machine language. While it is more readable than machine language, assembly language is still a low-level language where instructions perform basic operations and it is influenced by the underlying system architecture. The document provides examples of assembly language instructions and how they relate to both high-level languages and machine language.

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    265 views11 pages

    Intro To Assembly Language

    Uploaded by

    Cruise_Ice
    Assembly language is a low-level programming language that is directly related to machine language instructions. It uses mnemonic codes to represent processor instructions and has a one-to-one correspondence with machine language. While it is more readable than machine language, assembly language is still a low-level language where instructions perform basic operations and it is influenced by the underlying system architecture. The document provides examples of assembly language instructions and how they relate to both high-level languages and machine language.

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    Introduction to assembly language programming

    Outline
    A users view of computer systems What is assembly language?
    Relationship to machine language

    Sample programs Lab Exercise

    A Users View of Computer Systems


    Depends on the degree of abstraction provided by the underlying software We consider a hierarchy of five levels
    Moving to the top of hierarchy shields the user from the lower-level details The top two levels are system independent The lower four levels are system dependent
    Assembly and machine languages are specific to a particular processor One-to-one correspondence between assembly language and machine language

    A Users View of Computer Systems (contd)

    What Is Assembly Language?


    Low-level language
    Each instruction performs a much lower-level task compared to a high-level language instruction

    One-to-one correspondence between assembly language and machine language instructions


    For most assembly language instructions, there is a machine language equivalent Assembler translates assembly language instructions to machine language instructions

    Directly influenced by the instruction set and architecture of the processor (CPU)

    What Is Assembly Language? (Contd)


    Some example assembly language instructions:
    inc mov and add result class_size,45 mask1,128 marks,10 MIPS Examples andi $t2,$t1,15 addu $t3,$t1,$t2 move $t2,$t1

    Some points to note:


    Assembly language instructions are cryptic Mnemonics are used for operations inc for increment, mov for move (i.e., copy) Assembly language instructions are low level Cannot write instructions such as mov marks, value

    What Is Assembly Language? (Contd)


    Some simple high-level language instructions can be expressed by a single assembly instruction Assembly Language
    inc
    mov and

    C
    result++;
    class_size = 45; mask1 &= 128;

    result
    class_size,45 mask1,128

    add

    marks,10

    marks += 10;

    What Is Assembly Language? (Contd)


    Most high-level language instructions need more than one assembly instruction C Assembly Language
    size = value; mov AX,value

    mov
    sum += x + y + z; mov add add add mov

    size,AX
    AX,sum AX,x AX,y AX,z sum,AX

    What Is Assembly Language? (Contd)


    Readability of assembly language instructions is much better than the machine language instructions
    Machine language instructions are a sequence of 1s and 0s

    Assembly Language inc mov and add result class_size,45 mask,128 marks,10

    Machine Language (in Hex) FF060A00 C7060C002D00 80260E0080 83060F000A

    What Is Assembly Language? (Contd)


    MIPS examples
    Assembly Language nop move andi addu $t2,$t15 $t2,$t1,15 $t3,$t1,$t2 Machine Language (in Hex) 00000000 000A2021 312A000F 012A5821

    Proceed to samples and lab exercise Good luck

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