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    Biochemical Processing Overview

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    gnanamprakash
    Biochemical engineering involves applying chemical engineering principles to biological systems. It is used to understand, model, and develop processes like environmental remediation and improving pharmaceuticals. Some key aspects of biochemical processes are that they can replace chemical processes due to being cheaper using naturally available materials, requiring moderate operating conditions, and producing less toxic compounds. Historical developments include Egyptians using fermentation over 4000 years ago and advances in biochemistry and engineering in the 20th century that marked the birth of biochemical engineering. Considerations in downstream processing include raw material selection, tradeoffs between purity and yield, mass and energy conservation, and design targets, pathways, and measurements. Strategies for media design involve selection from literature, analogy, rational design based on

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    Biochemical Processing Overview

    Uploaded by

    gnanamprakash
    78 views16 pages
    Biochemical engineering involves applying chemical engineering principles to biological systems. It is used to understand, model, and develop processes like environmental remediation and improving pharmaceuticals. Some key aspects of biochemical processes are that they can replace chemical processes due to being cheaper using naturally available materials, requiring moderate operating conditions, and producing less toxic compounds. Historical developments include Egyptians using fermentation over 4000 years ago and advances in biochemistry and engineering in the 20th century that marked the birth of biochemical engineering. Considerations in downstream processing include raw material selection, tradeoffs between purity and yield, mass and energy conservation, and design targets, pathways, and measurements. Strategies for media design involve selection from literature, analogy, rational design based on

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    Biochemical engineering involves applying chemical engineering principles to biological systems. It is used to understand, model, and develop processes like environmental remediation and improving pharmaceuticals. Some key aspects of biochemical processes are that they can replace chemical processes due to being cheaper using naturally available materials, requiring moderate operating conditions, and producing less toxic compounds. Historical developments include Egyptians using fermentation over 4000 years ago and advances in biochemistry and engineering in the 20th century that marked the birth of biochemical engineering. Considerations in downstream processing include raw material selection, tradeoffs between purity and yield, mass and energy conservation, and design targets, pathways, and measurements. Strategies for media design involve selection from literature, analogy, rational design based on

    Copyright:

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    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    78 views16 pages

    Biochemical Processing Overview

    Uploaded by

    gnanamprakash
    Biochemical engineering involves applying chemical engineering principles to biological systems. It is used to understand, model, and develop processes like environmental remediation and improving pharmaceuticals. Some key aspects of biochemical processes are that they can replace chemical processes due to being cheaper using naturally available materials, requiring moderate operating conditions, and producing less toxic compounds. Historical developments include Egyptians using fermentation over 4000 years ago and advances in biochemistry and engineering in the 20th century that marked the birth of biochemical engineering. Considerations in downstream processing include raw material selection, tradeoffs between purity and yield, mass and energy conservation, and design targets, pathways, and measurements. Strategies for media design involve selection from literature, analogy, rational design based on

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    Biochemical Processing Overview

    Biochemical engineering is the application of


    chemical engineering principle to biological
    system to

    c) Understand, model, design and develop processes


    for environmental remediation

    e) To engineer improvements in pharmaceuticals

    c) To work in other areas that combine biochemistry,


    microbiology, and chemical engineering
    Overview of industrial biochemical process
    • To scale up a laboratory scale operation into a large
    industrial process.
    • For example, to cultivate cells in a lab scale of 100ml,
    a small flask on a shaker can be an excellent way, but
    for a large scale operation of 2000L we cannot make
    the vessel bigger and shake it. We need to design an
    effective bioreactor to cultivate the cell in the most
    optimum conditions.
    Chemical processes are eventually replaced by
    biochemical processes due to the following
    reasons
    2. BC processes are cheap; naturally available materials can
    be used as nutrients for microbes, e.g. agro waste
    3. Require moderate operating conditions
    Temp:25-40C pH-6-8
    5. BC processes are very specific
    6. BC Processes are very efficient; enzymatic reactions are
    faster
    7. BC processes produce less toxic compounds than
    conventional chemical processes
    History of Biochemical Engineering
    • Archaeological evidence shows that Egyptians has
    started using yeast and other fermentative organisms
    for wine and bread making during 1400B.C.
    • Late in the 19th century the work of Pasteur and
    Tyndall identified m.o. as the critical active agents in
    fermentation practice.
    • In 20th century Buchner, Neuberg and Weizmann led
    to process for production of ethanol, glycerol and
    other chemcials
    • In 1940s development in biochemistry, microbial
    genetics, and engineering marks the birth of
    biochemical engineering
    The Diverse Biochemical Process Industry
    Choice of selecting unit operations
    Industrial Biological Process
    Points to consider in Down stream
    processing
    • DSP begins with Raw Material Selection “Garbage in
    means garbage out”
    • There are trade offs, e.g. between purity and yield “No
    Free lunch”
    • Mass and Energy are conserved,
    • There are impurities and contaminants
    • You will be watched
    • Regulation includes FDA, EPA and OSHA
    • Design:
    Target - the spec sheet
    Path - the PFD
    Measure – Analytical
    • Murphy’s Law
    • Contaminants- need control
    • Lost Material – need robustness
    Fermentation Process Development
    Strategies for Media Design

    • Selection of media from literature


    • Analogy with medium for another organism
    • Rationale design from cell and product needs and
    process demands
    • Experimental design

    Who Should be involved in media design?


    – Microbiologist
    – Analytical Chemist
    – Process Engineer
    A systematic approach to media design

    Fermentation process Nutritional requirement


    objectives • Elemental requirements
    • Cell mass vs. • Specific nutrients, e.g.
    Product synthesis Vitamins, minerals, amino
    acids, etc.
    • Substrate allocation
    • Energy requirements
    model
    Carbon source and Oxygen
    • Physiological Model Growth
    Product synthesis
    Maintenance
    Environmental requirements Techno-Economic Constraints

    • pH profile – Cost

    • Temperature profile – Material availability

    • Dissolved oxygen profile – Product recovery

    • Catabolite repression – Environmental impact

    • Physiological constraints,
    e.g. ionic strength, production
    inihibition
    Fermentation Media
    Overview of Media Desgin

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