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    MDMW Iron29

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    miningnova
    The document summarizes different steelmaking processes including primary, secondary, and continuous casting. It provides details on bessemer, open hearth, basic oxygen furnace steelmaking, and electric arc furnace steelmaking. The key aspects of basic oxygen furnace steelmaking covered are the blowing process steps involving scrap charging, hot metal charging, blowing, flux charging, sampling and temperature control, and tapping. Benefits of basic oxygen furnace steelmaking include improved yield, deposphorization, and equilibrium.

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    MDMW Iron29

    Uploaded by

    miningnova
    575 views20 pages
    The document summarizes different steelmaking processes including primary, secondary, and continuous casting. It provides details on bessemer, open hearth, basic oxygen furnace steelmaking, and electric arc furnace steelmaking. The key aspects of basic oxygen furnace steelmaking covered are the blowing process steps involving scrap charging, hot metal charging, blowing, flux charging, sampling and temperature control, and tapping. Benefits of basic oxygen furnace steelmaking include improved yield, deposphorization, and equilibrium.

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    Part two of a power point presentation on Fundamentals of Steel Making

    Original Title

    MDMW-Iron29

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    The document summarizes different steelmaking processes including primary, secondary, and continuous casting. It provides details on bessemer, open hearth, basic oxygen furnace steelmaking, and electric arc furnace steelmaking. The key aspects of basic oxygen furnace steelmaking covered are the blowing process steps involving scrap charging, hot metal charging, blowing, flux charging, sampling and temperature control, and tapping. Benefits of basic oxygen furnace steelmaking include improved yield, deposphorization, and equilibrium.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    575 views20 pages

    MDMW Iron29

    Uploaded by

    miningnova
    The document summarizes different steelmaking processes including primary, secondary, and continuous casting. It provides details on bessemer, open hearth, basic oxygen furnace steelmaking, and electric arc furnace steelmaking. The key aspects of basic oxygen furnace steelmaking covered are the blowing process steps involving scrap charging, hot metal charging, blowing, flux charging, sampling and temperature control, and tapping. Benefits of basic oxygen furnace steelmaking include improved yield, deposphorization, and equilibrium.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 20

    Primary Secondary Continuous

    Pre- Treatment Steelmaking Steelmaking Casting

    Primary
    Steel Making
    Development of Oxygen
    Steelmaking Process
    Bessemer Process

    •Bottom blown acid or bessemer process involves


    blowing of air into the molten pig iron in acidic lined
    vessel.

    •Bottom blown basic pneumatic process using basic


    lining and basic flux was patented by Thomas
    Gilchrist. Also known as basic bessemer process or
    Open hearth process

    •Earlier known as ‘Siemens Martin’s process.


    •Works on heat regeneration principle.
    •Tap to tap time 8 -10 hrs.
    •Can consume higher proportion of scrap.
    •Now totally eliminated after introduction of oxygen steel making.
    Present day steelmaking
    Basic oxygen furnace Steelmaking
    BOF decarburizes the hot metal using pure
    oxygen gas.

    In the top-blown BOF, pure oxygen is injected


    as a high-velocity jet against the surface of the
    hot metal, allowing penetration of the impinging
    jet to some depth into the metal bath.
    Electric arc furnace Steelmaking
    Sponge iron and EAF combination is cheaper route
    of steel making in lower production capacities.

    With the strict environmental concerns all over the


    world, Electric furnace steel making has become
    more and more acceptable.
    Electric arc furnace
    •Heating is done by
    electric energy.

    •Power supplied to
    furnace through
    electrode

    •Electric furnace plays


    an important role in
    the recovery and
    recycling of waste iron
    resources.

    •Hot metal,
    DRI/Sponge iron, pigs
    can substitute scrap.
    BOF Process and its
    variations
    Variants of Oxygen Steel
    making
    Converter Specifications

    Converters : 3 Nos

    Capacity : 130T

    Aspect Ratio : 1.6

    Blow time : 16min

    Tap to Tap time : 45min

    Hot Metal charge :130 - 143 t


    Scrap : 10-15 t
    Vessel
    Support and Suspension
    System
    Shape of the Vessel

    •Specific Volume

    •Height Clearances

    •Mechanical Limitations
    Bottom Purging System

    Benefits

    Argon flow rate : 0.1 Nm3/min/T •Improved Yield


    •Improved Dephosphorisation
    Plugs : 3 /4 /6 Nos •Improved Equilibrium
    •Lesser Dissolved Oxygen
    Lance Design
    Lance Design

    Cu Tip welded to concentric pipes


    420- 450 Nm3/ min;
    6 hole lance; 14deg angle
    Water cooled
    Life: > 300 heats.

    •Deep Decarburisation (0.015%


    Benefits

    C)
    •Low FeO% in Slag
    •Higher Yield
    •Design ensures high Impact
    Energy
    BOF Process / LD process

    •LD stands for Linz and Donawitz where process was


    born

    •Gasesous oxygen is blown vertically into the metal


    bath till the required temperature and composition is
    simultaneously achieved.
    Oxygen Steelmaking
    Process

    The converter steelmaking process refines a charge of


    hot metal and steel scarp and fluxes into steel of
    desired carbon and temperature using high purity
    oxygen.

    Steel is made in discrete batches called HEATS.


    Blowing process steps

    SCRAP HM BLOWING FLUX SAMPLING &


    CHARGING CHARGING CHARGING TEMP

    TAPPING DESLAGGING

    REBLOW

    Charge mix depending on grade & thermal potential

    Liquid steel Yield : 90.75% average

    Tapping temp: 1650 deg C


    Scrap Charging

    Scrap acts as
    coolant in the
    converter.

    •Scrap is recycled iron or steel generated within the mill


    (slab crop, pit scrap Home scrap etc) or purchased from
    out side source

    •Scrap is charged using scrap boxes.

    •Scrap to hot metal ratio is maintained between 10 – 20%.


    Hot metal charging

    Hot metal is charged using hot metal ladles.

    Hot metal chemistry, temperature and weight is recorded before pourin

    The dust generated at pouring is called KISH is mainly fine flaked graph
    which precipitates from carbon saturated metal as its temperature drop
    during pouring.

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