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    Computer Communication & Networks: Waleed - Ejaz@uettaxila - Edu.pk

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    Ali Ahmad
    This document provides an introduction and overview for a computer communication and networks course. It outlines the instructor and lab engineer, web resources for the course, grading policy, frequently asked questions, required reading, required skills, and the instructor's expectations. The goal of the course is to introduce students to computer networks and how they work. Key topics that will be covered include networking concepts like addressing, routing, multiplexing, reliability, and research areas.

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    Computer Communication & Networks: Waleed - Ejaz@uettaxila - Edu.pk

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    Ali Ahmad
    48 views32 pages
    This document provides an introduction and overview for a computer communication and networks course. It outlines the instructor and lab engineer, web resources for the course, grading policy, frequently asked questions, required reading, required skills, and the instructor's expectations. The goal of the course is to introduce students to computer networks and how they work. Key topics that will be covered include networking concepts like addressing, routing, multiplexing, reliability, and research areas.

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    Original Title

    Lecture 1

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    This document provides an introduction and overview for a computer communication and networks course. It outlines the instructor and lab engineer, web resources for the course, grading policy, frequently asked questions, required reading, required skills, and the instructor's expectations. The goal of the course is to introduce students to computer networks and how they work. Key topics that will be covered include networking concepts like addressing, routing, multiplexing, reliability, and research areas.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    48 views32 pages

    Computer Communication & Networks: Waleed - Ejaz@uettaxila - Edu.pk

    Uploaded by

    Ali Ahmad
    This document provides an introduction and overview for a computer communication and networks course. It outlines the instructor and lab engineer, web resources for the course, grading policy, frequently asked questions, required reading, required skills, and the instructor's expectations. The goal of the course is to introduce students to computer networks and how they work. Key topics that will be covered include networking concepts like addressing, routing, multiplexing, reliability, and research areas.

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 32
    At a glance
    Powered by AI
    The key takeaways are that computer networks allow for communication and sharing of information between computers. Networks can be constructed by connecting nodes together and using addressing and routing to allow communication between different hosts.

    The three main types of addressing discussed are unicast addressing which identifies a specific node, broadcast addressing which identifies all nodes on a network, and multicast addressing which identifies some subset of nodes on a network.

    The two main switching strategies discussed are circuit switching which establishes a dedicated circuit for communication and packet switching which operates on discrete blocks of data and can utilize resources dynamically based on traffic demand.

    Computer Communication & Networks

    Lecture 1 Introduction http://web.uettaxila.edu.pk/CMS/coeCCNbsSp09/index.asp

    Waleed Ejaz [email protected]

    Overview

    Administrative Networking: An Overview of Ideas and Issues

    Whos Who

    Instructor

    Engr. Waleed Ejaz

    2006 -2008 MS (Computer Engineering) from NUST Area of Specialization: Communication & Computer Networks 2003-2006 BE (Computer Engineering) from UET Taxila

    Lab Engineer

    Engr. Noshina Ishaq

    Web Resources
    Course web http://web.uettaxila.edu.pk/CMS/coeCCNbsS p09/index.asp This website and email will serve as a communication medium between you and me besides the lecture timing.

    Do visit the course website regularly and see Recent Announcements for updates.
    4

    Grading Policy

    Final Exam: Grand Quiz Assignments Quizzes: Labs

    100 10 5 10 25

    Answers to FAQs

    All home works are due at the beginning of the class indicated on the course calendar

    After that 10% penalty: only if submitted before solutions are posted.

    Exams are closed-book and extremely time limited. Exams consist of design questions, numerical, maybe true-false and short answer questions. More about Exams you can see Past Exams from WEB.
    6

    Reading

    Text book:

    Data Communications and Networking, 4/e

    B.A. Forouzan, McGraw-Hill, 2003, ISBN 0-07-292354-7.

    Reference books:

    Computer Networking, a top-down approach featuring the Internet (3rd edition),

    J.K.Kurose, K.W.Ross, Addison-Wesley, 2005, ISBN 0-321-26976-4.

    Computer Networks, A Systems Approach L. Peterson & Davie

    Required Skills

    The course does not assume prior knowledge of networking.

    My Requirement from YOU


    I require YOU to take active part during lectures

    Which means Lot of Questioning in the class (Interactive session)

    Aim of the Course

    Aim of the course is to introduce you to the world of computer networks, so that you could

    know the science being used in running this network Use this knowledge in your professional field

    10

    Network design

    Before looking inside a computer network, first agree on what a computer network is

    11

    Computer network ?
    Specialized to handle:

    Set of serial lines to attach terminals to mainframe ? Telephone network carrying voice traffic ? Cable network to disseminate video signals ?

    Keystrokes Voice Video

    12

    What distinguishes a Computer network ?


    Generality Built from general purpose programmable hardware Supports wide range of applications

    13

    Information, Computers, Networks

    Information: anything that is represented in bits


    Form (can be represented as bits) vs Substance (cannot be represented as bits)

    Properties:

    Infinitely replicable Computers can manipulate information Networks create access to information

    14

    Networks

    Potential of networking:

    move bits everywhere, cheaply, and with desired

    performance characteristics Network provides connectivity

    15

    What is Connectivity ?

    Direct or indirect access to every other node in the network Connectivity is the magic needed to communicate if you do not have a direct pt-pt physical link.

    Tradeoff: Performance characteristics worse than true physical link!

    16

    Building Blocks

    Nodes: PC, special-purpose hardware


    hosts switches

    Links: coax cable, optical fiber

    point-to-point

    multiple access
    17

    Why not connect each node with every other node ?


    Number of computers that can be connected becomes very limited Number of wires coming out of each node becomes unmanageable Amount of physical hardware/devices required becomes very expensive Solution: indirect connectivity using intermediate data forwarding nodes

    18

    Switched Networks

    A network can be defined recursively as...

    two or more nodes connected by a link white nodes (switches) implement the network colored nodes (hosts) use the network
    19

    Switched Networks

    A network can be defined recursively as...

    two or more networks connected by one or more nodes: internetworks white nodes (router or gateway) interconnects the networks a cloud denotes any type of independent network

    20

    A Network
    A network can be defined recursively as
    two or more nodes connected by a physical link Or two or more networks connected by one or more nodes

    21

    Switching Strategies

    Circuit switching: carry bit streams


    a.

    Packet switching: storeand-forward messages


    a. operates on discrete blocks of data b. utilizes resources according to traffic demand c. send/receive messages at variable rate d. example: Internet

    b.

    c.

    d.

    establishes a dedicated circuit links reserved for use by communication channel send/receive bit stream at constant rate example: original telephone network

    22

    What next ?

    Hosts are directly or indirectly connected to each other

    Can we now provide host-host connectivity ?

    Nodes must be able to say which host it wants to communicate with

    23

    Addressing and Routing

    Address: byte-string that identifies a node

    usually unique
    process of determining how to forward messages to the destination node based on its address unicast: node-specific broadcast: all nodes on the network multicast: some subset of nodes on the network
    24

    Routing: forwarding decisions

    Types of addresses

    Wrap-up

    A network can be constructed from nesting of networks An address is required for each node that is reachable on the network Address is used to route messages toward appropriate destination
    25

    What next ?

    Hosts know how to reach other hosts on the network How should a node use the network for its communication ? All pairs of hosts should have the ability to exchange messages: cost-effective resource sharing for efficiency
    26

    Multiplexing

    Physical links and nodes are shared among users


    (synchronous) Time-Division Multiplexing (TDM) Frequency-Division Multiplexing (FDM) L1 R1 L2 L3 Switch 1 R2 R3

    Multiple flows on a single link

    Switch 2

    Do you see any problem with TDM / FDM ?

    27

    What Goes Wrong in the Network?


    Reliability at stake

    Bit-level errors (electrical interference) Packet-level errors (congestion)

    distinction between lost and late packet


    distinction between broken and flaky link distinction between failed and slow node

    Link and node failures

    28

    What Goes Undesirable in the Network?


    Required performance at stake

    Messages are delayed Messages are delivered out-of-order Third parties eavesdrop

    The challenge is to fill the gap between application expectations and hardware capabilities
    29

    Research areas in Networking

    Routing Security Ad-hoc networks Wireless networks Protocols Quality of Service

    30

    Readings

    Chapter 1: 1.1, 1.2

    Computer Networks, A Systems Approach L. Peterson & Davie

    31

    32

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