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    Earth Science

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    Aida
    This document provides an overview of Earth science. It discusses that Earth science encompasses the study of Earth and its place in the universe, including geology, oceanography, meteorology, and astronomy. It describes Earth's formation based on the nebular hypothesis of an early solar nebula that contracted to form the planets. It outlines Earth's major spheres - the hydrosphere, atmosphere, biosphere, and geosphere. It also briefly discusses plate tectonics and how latitude and longitude are used to determine locations on Earth's surface.

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Earth Science

    Uploaded by

    Aida
    414 views20 pages
    This document provides an overview of Earth science. It discusses that Earth science encompasses the study of Earth and its place in the universe, including geology, oceanography, meteorology, and astronomy. It describes Earth's formation based on the nebular hypothesis of an early solar nebula that contracted to form the planets. It outlines Earth's major spheres - the hydrosphere, atmosphere, biosphere, and geosphere. It also briefly discusses plate tectonics and how latitude and longitude are used to determine locations on Earth's surface.

    Original Description:

    Notes on Earth Science

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    © Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)

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    This document provides an overview of Earth science. It discusses that Earth science encompasses the study of Earth and its place in the universe, including geology, oceanography, meteorology, and astronomy. It describes Earth's formation based on the nebular hypothesis of an early solar nebula that contracted to form the planets. It outlines Earth's major spheres - the hydrosphere, atmosphere, biosphere, and geosphere. It also briefly discusses plate tectonics and how latitude and longitude are used to determine locations on Earth's surface.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    414 views20 pages

    Earth Science

    Uploaded by

    Aida
    This document provides an overview of Earth science. It discusses that Earth science encompasses the study of Earth and its place in the universe, including geology, oceanography, meteorology, and astronomy. It describes Earth's formation based on the nebular hypothesis of an early solar nebula that contracted to form the planets. It outlines Earth's major spheres - the hydrosphere, atmosphere, biosphere, and geosphere. It also briefly discusses plate tectonics and how latitude and longitude are used to determine locations on Earth's surface.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 20
    At a glance
    Powered by AI
    The document discusses the formation and structure of Earth, including its layers and spheres.

    The major spheres that make up Earth are the hydrosphere, atmosphere, biosphere, and geosphere.

    According to the nebular hypothesis, Earth formed from a cloud of gas and dust called the solar nebula about 4.6 billion years ago.

    Chapter

    Introduction to Earth Science

    1.1 What Is Earth Science?


    Overview of Earth Science
    Encompasses all sciences that seek to understand
    Earth Earth's neighbors in space

    Evidence that show our mother Earth is sphere in shape?

    1.1 What Is Earth Science?


    Overview of Earth Science
    Earth science includes
    1. geology, the study of Earth 2. oceanography, the study of the ocean 3. meteorology, the study of the atmosphere and the processes that produce weather

    4. astronomy, the study of the universe

    GEOLOGY
    A) PHYSICAL GEOLOGY includes Internal Forces includes External Forces B) HISTORICAL GEOLOGY 4.5 billion years of history

    The Earth
    A tiny object in a vast Universe A Dynamic, ever changing planet ( is not a static and unchanging mass) When the changes is so rapid and violent Often- changes take place gradually and unnoticed during a lifetime. Earthquake? Sudden releases of stored elastic energy in the Earth, the source of that energy is plate tectonics.

    Earth Science
    Is the name for all the sciences that collectively seek to understand Earth and its neighbors in space

    1.1 What Is Earth Science?


    Formation of Earth
    Most researchers conclude that Earth and the other planets formed at essentially the same time. Nebular Hypothesis
    The solar system evolved from an enormous rotating cloud called the solar nebula.

    1.1 What Is Earth Science?


    Formation of Earth
    Nebular Hypothesis
    The nebula was composed mostly of hydrogen and helium. About 5 billion years ago, the nebula began to contract. It assumed a flat, disk shape with the protosun (pre-Sun) at the center.

    1.1 What Is Earth Science?


    Formation of Earth
    Nebular Hypothesis
    Inner planets begin to form from metallic and rocky clumps. Larger outer planets began forming from fragments with a high percentage of ices.

    The Nebular Hypothesis


    A

    1.1 What Is Earth Science?


    Formation of Earth
    Layers Form on Earth
    As Earth formed, the decay of radioactive elements and heat from high-velocity impacts caused the temperature to increase.
    Lighter rocky components floated outward, toward the surface. Gaseous material escaped from Earths interior to produce the primitive atmosphere.

    Earth Evolusion
    1. 2. 3. 4. Nebular Hypothesis (Teori Kant-Laplace) Teori Planetesimal Teori Bintang Kembar Teori Big Bang

    1.2 A View of Earth


    Earth's Major Spheres
    1. Hydrosphere
    Ocean is the most prominent feature of the hydrosphere. - Is nearly 71% of Earth's surface
    - Holds about 97% of Earth's water

    Also includes fresh water found in streams, lakes, and glaciers, as well as that found underground

    1.2 A View of Earth


    Earth's Major Spheres
    2. Atmosphere
    Thin, tenuous blanket of air One half lies below 5.6 kilometers (3.5 miles)

    3. Biosphere
    Includes all life Concentrated near the surface in a zone that extends from the ocean floor upward for several kilometers into the atmosphere

    1.2 A View of Earth


    Earth's Major Spheres
    4. Geosphere
    Based on compositional differences, it consists of the crust, mantle, and core. - Crustthe thin, rocky outer layer of Earth. - Mantlethe 2890-kilometer-thick layer of Earth located below the crust. - Corethe innermost layer of Earth, located beneath the mantle.

    Earths Layered Structure

    1.2 A View of Earth


    Plate Tectonics
    Plate tectonics is the theory that proposes that Earths outer shell consists of individual plates that interact in various ways and thereby produce earthquakes, volcanoes, mountains, and Earths crust itself.

    1.3 Representing Earths Surface


    Determining Location
    Latitude and longitude are lines on the globe that are used to determine location.
    Latitude is distance north or south of the equator, measured in degrees. Longitude is distance east or west of the prime meridian, measured in degrees.

    TOPOGRAPHIC MAP

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