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    Assumptions of Motivation Theories

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    Sushant Gaikwad
    1. Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Theory proposes that there are five levels of basic human needs - physiological, safety, belongingness, esteem, and self-actualization - that motivate behavior. 2. ERG Theory is a variation of Maslow's theory that categorizes needs into existence needs, relatedness needs, and growth needs. 3. Both theories suggest that lower level needs must be satisfied before higher level needs motivate behavior, though the specific expression and satisfaction of needs may differ across cultures.

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    Assumptions of Motivation Theories

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    Sushant Gaikwad
    78 views16 pages
    1. Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Theory proposes that there are five levels of basic human needs - physiological, safety, belongingness, esteem, and self-actualization - that motivate behavior. 2. ERG Theory is a variation of Maslow's theory that categorizes needs into existence needs, relatedness needs, and growth needs. 3. Both theories suggest that lower level needs must be satisfied before higher level needs motivate behavior, though the specific expression and satisfaction of needs may differ across cultures.

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    1. Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Theory proposes that there are five levels of basic human needs - physiological, safety, belongingness, esteem, and self-actualization - that motivate behavior. 2. ERG Theory is a variation of Maslow's theory that categorizes needs into existence needs, relatedness needs, and growth needs. 3. Both theories suggest that lower level needs must be satisfied before higher level needs motivate behavior, though the specific expression and satisfaction of needs may differ across cultures.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    78 views16 pages

    Assumptions of Motivation Theories

    Uploaded by

    Sushant Gaikwad
    1. Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Theory proposes that there are five levels of basic human needs - physiological, safety, belongingness, esteem, and self-actualization - that motivate behavior. 2. ERG Theory is a variation of Maslow's theory that categorizes needs into existence needs, relatedness needs, and growth needs. 3. Both theories suggest that lower level needs must be satisfied before higher level needs motivate behavior, though the specific expression and satisfaction of needs may differ across cultures.

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    of 16

    Introduction

    Assumptions of motivation Theories


    Behavior has a starting point, a direction, and a stopping point Focus is on voluntary behavior under the control of the person Behavior is not random. It has purpose and direction

    Introduction (Cont.)
    Motivation defined

    Motivation is a psychological process that causes the arousal, direction, and persistence of voluntary actions that are goal directed.

    Introduction (Cont.)
    Motivation is the psychological process
    that leads to that results in

    Choice of behavior

    Some level of job performance

    The Motivation-Behavior-Job Performance Sequence

    Introduction (Cont.)
    Why know about motivation?
    Help you understand your behavior and the behavior of others Can help a manager build and manage a system of motivation. Offers conceptual tools for analyzing motivation problems in organizations

    Overview of Where We are Headed


    Need theories (Chapter 7)
    Murrays Theory of Human Personality Maslows Hierarchy of Needs Theory E.R.G. Theory McClellands Achievement Motivation Theory Herzbergs Motivator-Hygiene Theory

    Maslows Hierarchy of Needs Theory


    Five groups of basic needs Healthy adults try to satisfy these needs So basic that they motivate behavior in many cultures Chronic frustration of needs can lead to psychopathological results

    Maslows Hierarchy of Needs Theory (Cont.)


    Physiological needs: basic requirements of the human body; food, water, sleep, sex Safety needs: desires of a person to be protected from physical and economic harm Belongingness and love needs (social): desire to give and receive affection; be in the company of others

    Maslows Hierarchy of Needs Theory (Cont.)


    Esteem needs: self-confidence and sense of self-worth
    Esteem from others: valuation of self from other people Self-esteem: feeling of self-confidence and self-respect

    Self-actualization needs: desire for selffulfillment


    Maslow: . . . the desire to become more and more what one is, to become everything that one is capable of becoming.

    Maslows Hierarchy of Needs Theory (Cont.)


    Form a need hierarchy based on the prepotency of needs Prepotency: need emerges as a motivator after satisfying a lower-order (more prepotent) need Hierarchy progression: physiological, safety, belongingness, esteem, selfactualization

    Maslows Hierarchy of Needs


    Esteem

    Selfactualization

    Belongingness and love

    Safety See text book Figure 7.1

    Physiological

    Maslows Hierarchy of Needs Theory (Cont.)


    Need hierarchy
    Unsatisfied need is a potential motivator of behavior Satisfied need is no longer a motivator Focus on more than one need: promotion leads to more money (esteem and physiological) Need satisfaction follows the order shown but is flexible Weak empirical support Remains a classic interpretation of behavior

    E.R.G. Theory
    A variation of Maslow's hierarchy of needs Three groups of needs Existence needs: physical and material wants Relatedness needs: desires for interpersonal relationships Growth needs: desires to be creative and productive; to use ones skills

    E.R.G. Theory (Cont.)


    Maslow hierarchy Selfactualization E.R.G. Theory Relationship of Maslows hierarchy to E.R.G. Theory.

    Growth needs
    Esteem Belongingness and love

    Relatedness needs

    Safety

    Existence needs
    Physiological

    E.R.G. Theory (Cont.)


    Both similar to and different from Maslow's need hierarchy Satisfied and unsatisfied needs operate in much the same way Movement upward is the same Movement downward is new
    See text book Figure 7.2

    E.R.G. Theory (Cont.)


    Satisfaction-progression: move up the hierarchy as needs are satisfied Frustration-regression: move down the hierarchy when a need is frustrated Deficiency cycle: more strongly desire existence needs when they are unsatisfied Enrichment cycle: more strongly desire growth needs when they are satisfied

    International Aspects of the Need Theories of Motivation


    Concept of needs holds across cultures People from different cultures may express and satisfy needs differently Importance of needs in Maslow's need hierarchy
    United States: self-actualization Latin America: security, affiliation France and Germany: need for security New Zealand: belongingness and love

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