Circles

Directions:
Assertion (A) is followed by a statement
of Reason (R). Select the correct option from the following options:
(a) Both, Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true. Reason (R) explains
Assertion (A) completely.
(b) Both, Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true. Reason (R) does not explain
Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true.

1. Assertion (A): If PA and PB are tangents drawn to a circle with centre O

from an external point P, then the quadrilateral OAPB is a cyclic quadrilateral.

Reason (R): In cyclic quadrilateral opposite angles are equal. (2024)

Answer. (c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.

2. (A) In two concentric circles, the radii are OA = r cm and OQ = 6 cm, as

shown in the figure. Chord CD of larger circle is a tangent to smaller circle at
Q. PA is tangent to larger circle. If PA = 16 cm and OP 20 cm, find the length
CD. (2024)

Answer. (A)Since PA ⊥ OA therefore OA2 = 202 – 162 = 144

 OA = r = 12 cm
In  OQD, QD2 = 122 – 62 = 108
 QD = 6 3 cm
Now OQ bisects CD
 CD = 2  6 √3 = 12 √3 cm

OR

(B) In given figure, two tangents PT and QT are drawn to a circle with centre
O from an external point T. Prove that <PTQ = 2 <OPQ. (2024)

Answer. (B) Let  PTQ = 

In  TPQ,  PQT =  QPT and  PQT +  QPT +  PTQ = 180

Now OP ⊥ PT   OPQ +  QPT = 90

  PTQ = 2 OPQ.

3. A solid sphere is cut into two hemispheres. The ratio of the surface areas of
sphere to that of two hemispheres taken together, is : (2024)
(a) 1:1
(b) 1:4
(c) 2:3
(d) 3:2

Answer. (c) 2 : 3

4. (A) In the given figure, AB is a diameter of the circle with centre O. AQ, BP
and PQ are tangents to the circle. Prove that POQ = 90°. (2024)
Answer.

Join OR.
∆AOQ ≅ ∆ROQ ⟹ ∠AOQ = ∠ROQ ----- (i)
∆BOP ≅ ∆ROP ⟹ ∠BOP = ∠ROP ----- (ii)
Since ∠AOR + ∠ROB = 180°
⟹ 2∠QOR + 2∠ROP = 180°
⟹ ∠QOR + ∠ROP = ∠POQ = 90°

OR

(B) A circle with centre O and radius 8 cm is inscribed in a quadrilateral ABCD

in which P, Q, R, S are the points of contact as as shown. If AD is perpendicular
to DC, BC= 30 cm and BS = 24 cm, then find the length DC. (2024)

Answer. Join OP and OQ.

BR = BS = 24 cm
∴ CR = 6 cm
⟹ CQ = 6 cm
Also, DQ = OP = 8 cm
Hence, DC = 8 + 6 = 14 cm
10.1 Introduction
MCQ
1. A chord of a circle of radius 10 cm subtends a right angle at its centre. The
length of the chord (in cm) is

10.2 Tangent to a Circle

MCQ
2. In the given figure, PQ is tangent to the circle centred at O. If <AOB = 95°,
then the measure of <ABQ will be

3. In the given figure, TA is a tangent to the circle with centre O such that OT =
4 cm, <OTA= 30°, then length of TA is
4. In the given figure, PT is a tangent at T to the circle with centre O. If <TPO =
25°, then x is equal to

5. The length of tangent drawn to a circle of radius 9 cm from a point 41 cm

from the centre is
(a) 40 cm
(b) 9 cm
(c) 41 cm
(d) 50 cm (2023)
6. In the given figure, O is the centre of the circle and PQ is the chord. If the
tangent PR at P makes an angle of 50° with PQ, then the measure of <POQ is
7. In figure, PQ is tangent to the circle with centre at O, at the point B. If ZAOB
= 100°, then ZABP is equal to

(a) 50°
(b) 40°
(c) 60°
(d) 80° (2020)
VSA (1 mark)
8. In the given figure, PQ is a tangent at a point C to a circle with centre O. If AB
is a diameter and <CAB
= 30°, find <PCA.

9. In the given figure, AOB is a diameter of a circle with centre O and AC is a

tangent to the circle at A. <BOC
= 130°, then find <ACO.
10. In the given figure, PQ is a chord of a circle with centre O and PT is a
tangent. If <QPT = 60°, find <PRQ.

SAI (2 marks)
11. In Fig. AB is diameter of a circle centered at O. BC is tangent to the circle at
B. If OP bisects the chord AD and <AOP = 60°, then find m<C.

12. In Fig. XAY is a tangent to the circle centred at O. If

<ABO = 40°, then find m<BAY and m<AOB.
LA (4/5/6 marks)
(In this section, there are 3 case study/passage based
questions. Each question is of 4 marks.)
14. Case Study: The discus throw is an event in which an athlete attempts to
throw a discus. The athlete spins anti-clockwise around one and a half times
through a circle, then releases the throw. When released, the discus travels
along tangent to the circular spin orbit.

In the given figure, AB is one such tangent to a circle of radius 75 cm. Point O is
centre of the circle and <ABO = 30°. PQ is parallel to OA.

Based on above information:

(a) Find the length of AB.
(b) Find the length of OB.
(c) Find the length of AP.
OR
Find the length of PQ. (2023)
15. In Figure, two circles with centres at O and O' of radii 2r and r respectively,
touch each other internally at A. A chord AB of the bigger circle meets the
smaller circle at C. Show that C bisects AB.
16. Prove that the tangent at any point of a circle is perpendicular to the radius
through the point of contact. (Delhi 2016, 2015, 2014, AI 2016, 2015, 2014,
Foreign 2016, 2015, 2014)
17. In the given figure, two equal circles, with centres O and O' touch each
other at X. OO' produced meets the circle with centre O' at A. AC is tangent to
the circle with centre O, at the point C. O'D is perpendicular to

18. Prove that the tangent drawn at the mid-point of an arc of a circle is
parallel to the chord joining the end points of the arc. (AI 2015)
19. In the given figure, O is the centre of the circle and TP is the tangent to the
circle from an external point T.
10.3 Number of Tangents from a Point on a Circle
MCQ
20. In figure, from an external point
P, two tangents PQ and PR are
drawn to a circle of radius 4 cm
with centre O. If <QPR 90°, then
length of PQ is
(a) 3 cm
(b) 4 cm
(c) 2 cm
(d) 2√2 cm (2020)
21. In Figure, if tangents PA and PB from an external point P to a circle with
centre O, are inclined to each other at an angle of 80°, then ZAOB is equal to

22. In the given figure, QR is a common tangent to the given circles, touching
externally at the point T. The tangent at T meets QR at P. If PT = 3.8 cm, then
the length of QR(in cm) is
23. In the given figure, PQ and PR are two tangents to a circle with centre O. If
<QPR = 46°, then <QOR equals

(a) 67°
(b) 134°
(c) 44°
(d) 46° (Delhi 2014)
24. Two circles touch each other externally at P. AB is a common tangent to the
circles touching them at A and
B. The value of <APB is
(a) 30°
(b) 45°
(c) 60°
(d) 90° (AI 2014)
25. In the given figure, a quadrilateral ABCD is drawn to circumscribe a circle
such that its sides AB, BC, CD and AD touch the circle at P, Q, R and S
respectively. If AB = x cm, BC = 7 cm, CR = 3 cm and AS = 5 cm, find x.

(a) 10
(b) 9
(c) 8
(d) 7 (Foreign 2014)
26. Two concentric circles are of radii 5 cm and 3 cm. Length of the chord of
the larger circle, (in cm), which touches the smaller circle is
(a) 4
(b) 5
(c) 8
(d) 10 (Foreign 2014)
VSA (1 mark)
27. If tangents PA and PB from an external point P to a circle with centre O are
inclined to each other at an angle of 70°, then find ZPOA. (2021)
28. In figure, ABC is circumscribing a circle, the length of BC is __________cm.

29. If the angle between two tangents drawn from an external point P to a
circle of radius a and centre O, is 60°, then find the length of OP. (AI 2017)
30. From an external point P, tangents PA and PB are drawn to a circle with
centre O. If <PAB = 50°, then find <AOB. (Delhi 2016)
31. In the given figure, PA and PB are tangents to the circle with centre O such
that <APB = 50°. Write the measure of <OAB.
32. Two concentric circles of radii a and b (a > b) are given. Find the length of
the chord of the larger circle which touches the smaller circle. (Foreign 2015)
SAI (2 marks)
33. In Figure, PQ and PR are tangents to the circle centred at O. If ZOPR = 45°,
then prove that ORPQ is a square.

34. In Fig., there are two concentric circles with centre O. If ARC and AQB are
tangents to the smaller circle from the point A lying on the larger circle, find
the length of AC, if AQ = 5 cm.

35. In Figure, O is the centre of the circle. PQ and PR are tangent segments.
Show that the quadrilateral PQOR is cyclic.

36. In figure, a quadrilateral ABCD is drawn to circumscribe a circle. Prove that

AB + CD = BC + AD

OR
A circle touches all the four sides of a quadrilateral ABCD. Prove that
AB + CD = BC+DA (AI 2017)
OR
In the given figure, a quadrilateral ABCD is drawn to
circumscribe a circle, with
centre O, in such a way that the
sides AB, BC, CD and DA touch
the circle at the points P, Q, R
and S respectively. Prove that
AB + CD = BC + DA. (AI 2016)
OR
A quadrilateral is drawn to circumscribe a circle. Prove that the sums of
opposite sides are equal. (Foreign 2014)
37. In figure, find the perimeter of AABC, if AP = 12 cm.

38. In figure, two tangents TP and TQ are drawn to a circle with centre O from
an external point T. Prove that <PTQ=2<OPQ.
39. In the given figure, PA and PB are tangents to the circle from an external
point P. CD is another tangent touching the circle at Q. If PA = 12 cm, QC = QD
= 3 cm then find PC + PD.

40. Prove that the tangents drawn at the end points of a chord of a circle make
equal angles with the chord. (AI 2017)
41. In the given figure, a circle is inscribed in a AABC, such that it touches the
sides AB, BC and CA at points D, E and F respectively. If the lengths of sides AB,
BC and CA are 12 cm, 8 cm and 10 cm respectively, find the lengths of AD, BE
and CF.

42. In the given figure, AP and BP are tangents to a circle with centre O, such
that AP = 5 cm and <APB = 60°. Find the length of chord AB.
43. In the given figure, from an external point P, two tangents PT and PS are
drawn to a circle with centre O and radius r. If OP=2r, show that ZOTS = ZOST
= 30°.

44. In the given figure, from a point P, two tangents PT and PS are drawn to a
circle with centre O such that <SPT = 120°. Prove that OP = 2PS.

OR
If from an external point P of a circle with centre O, two tangents PQ and PR
are drawn such that ZQPR
= 120°, prove that 2PQ = PO. (Delhi 2014)
45. In the given figure, there are two
concentric circles of radii 6 cm and
4 cm with centre O. If AP is a tangent
to the larger circle and BP to the
smaller circle and length of AP is 8 cm,
find the length of BP. (Foreign 2016)
46. From a point T outside a circle of centre O, tangents TP and TQ are drawn
to the circle. Prove that OT is the right bisector of line segment PQ. (Delhi
2015)
47. In the given figure, two tangents RQ and RP are drawn from an external
point R to the circle with centre O. If <PRQ 120°, then prove that OR = PR +
RQ. (AI 2015)
48. In the given figure, a .∆ABC is drawn to circumscribe a circle of radius 3 cm,
such that the segments BD and DC are respectively of lengths 6 cm and 9 cm. If
the area of .∆ABC is 54 cm², then find the lengths of sides AB and AC

49. In the given figure O is the

centre of a circle. PT and PQ
are tangents to the circle
from an external point P. If
ZTPQ = 70°, find /TRQ.
50. In the given figure PQ is a
chord of length 8 cm of a circle
of radius 5 cm. The tangents
at P and Q intersect at a point
T. Find the lengths of TP and
TQ.
51. Prove that the line segment joining the points of contact of two parallel
tangents of a circle, passes through its centre. (Delhi 2014)
52. In the given figure, common tangents AB and CD to the two circles with
centres O, and O₂ intersect at E. Prove that AB = CD.
53. The incircle of an isosceles triangle ABC, in which AB
= AC, touches the sides BC, CA and AB at D, E and F respectively. Prove that BD
= DC. (AI 2014)
54. In the given figure, XP and XQ are two tangents to the circle with centre O,
drawn from an external point X. ARB is another tangent, touching the circle at
R. Prove that XA + AR = XB+ BR.

SA II (3 marks)
55. Two tangents TP and TQ are drawn to a circle with centre O from an
external point T. Prove that <PTQ =2<OPQ.

OR
Two tangents TP and TQ are drawn to a circle with centre O from an external
point T. Prove that <PTQ = 2<OPQ (Delhi 2017)
56. In the given figure, a circle is inscribed in a quadrilateral ABCD in which ZB
= 90°. If AD = 17 cm, AB = 20 cm and DS = 3 cm, then find the radius of the
circle.

57. From an external point, two tangents are drawn to a circle. Prove that the
line joining the external point to the centre of the circle bisects the angle
between the two tangents. (2023)
58. Two concentric circles are of radii 5 cm and 3 cm. Find the length of the
chord of the larger circle which touches the smaller circle. (2023)
59. Prove that the angle between the two tangents drawn from an external
point to a circle is supplementary to the angle subtended by the line- segment
joining the points of contact at the centre. (2023)
60. In the given figure, PT and PS are tangents to a circle with centre O, from a
point P, such that PT = 4 cm and TPS = 60°. Find the length of the chord TS.
Also, find the radius of the circle.
61. In the given figure, a circle is inscribed in a AABC having sides BC = 8 cm,
AB = 10 cm and AC = 12 cm. Find the lengths BL, CM and AN.

62. Prove that tangents drawn at the ends of a diameter of a circle are parallel.
63. (Al 2019, Delhi 2017, Foreign 2014)
LA(4/5/6 marks)
63. In Figure O is centre of a circle of radius 5 cm. PA and BC are tangents to
the circle at A and B respectively. If OP 13 cm, then find the length of tangents
PA and BC.

64. In fig. PQ is a chord of length 8 cm of a circle of radius 5 cm. The tangents

at P and Q meet at a point T. Find the length of TP.

65. Prove that a parallelogram circumscribing a circle is a rhombus. (Term II,

2021-22, Delhi 2014)
66. In fig, if a circle touches the side QR of APQR at S and extended sides PQ
and PR at M and N, respectively, then
67. In figure, a triangle ABC with ZB 90° is shown. Taking AB as diameter, a
circle has been drawn intersecting AC at point P. Prove that the tangent drawn
at point P bisects BC.

68. In figure, two circles touch externally at P. A common tangent touches

them at A and B and another common tangent is at P, which meets the
common tangent AB at C. Prove that/APB = 90°.

69. Prove that the length of tangents drawn from an external point to a circle
are equal. (2018, Delhi 2017, 2016, 2015, 2014, AI 2017, 2016, 2015, Foreign
2016, 2015, 2014)
70. In the given figure, XY and X'Y' are two parallel tangents to a circle with
centre O and another tangent AB with point of contact C, is intersecting XY at
A and X'Y' at B. Prove that ZAOB = 90°.

71. In the given figure, O is the centre of a circle of radius 5 cm. T is a point
such that OT = 13 cm and OT intersects circle at E. If AB is a tangent to the
circle at E, find the length of AB, where TP and TQ are two tangents to the
circle.

72. In the given figure, AB is a chord of a circle, with centre O, such that AB =
16 cm and radius of circle is 10 cm. Tangents at A and B intersect each other at
P. Find the length of PA.

OR
In the given figure, PQ is a chord of length 16 cm, of a circle of radius 10 cm.
The tangents at P and Q intersect at a point T. Find the length of TP.
73. In the given figure, tangents PQ and PR are drawn from an external point P
to a circle with centre O, such that <RPQ = 30°. A chord RS is drawn parallel to
the tangent PQ. Find <RQS.

74. Prove that opposite sides of a quadrilateral circumscribing a circle subtend

supplementary angles at the centre of the circle. (AI 2014)
75. In the given figure, a triangle ABC is drawn to circumscribe a circle of
radius 4 cm, such that the segments BD and DC are of lengths 8 cm and 6 cm
respectively. Find the sides AB and AC.

CBSE Sample Questions

10.2 Tangent to a Circle
VSA (1 mark)
1. PQ is a tangent to a circle with centre O at point P. If ∆OPQ is an isosceles
triangle, then find <OQP. (2020-21)
10.3 Number of Tangents from a Point on a Circle
MCQ
2. If two tangents inclined at an angle of 60° are drawn to a circle of radius 3
cm, then the length of each tangent is equal to
VSA (1 mark)
3. If PQ = 28 cm, then find the perimeter of ∆PLM.

4. If two tangents are inclined at 60° are drawn to a circle of radius 3 cm, then
find length of each tangent. (2020-21)
SAI (2 marks)
5. In the given figure, O is the centre of circle. Find <AQB, given that PA and PB
are tangents to the circle and <APB = 75°.
6. From a point P, two tangents PA and PB are drawn to a circle C(0, r). If OP =
2r, then find <APB. What type of triangle is APB?
7. In the figure, quadrilateral ABCD is circumscribing a circle with centre O
and AD AB. If radius of incircle is 10 cm, then the value of x is

SA II (3 marks)
8. Prove that a parallelogram circumscribing a circle is a rhombus. (2022-23)
9. In the figure XY and X'Y' are two parallel tangents to a circle with centre O
and another tangent AB with point of contact C interesting XY at A and X'Y' at
B, what is the measure of <AOB.

LA (4/5/6 marks)
10. Prove that the angle between the two tangents drawn from an external
point to a circle is supplementary to the angle subtended by the line segment
joining the points of contact to the centre. (Term II, 2021-22)
11. Two tangents TP and TQ are drawn to a circle with centre O from an
external point T. Prove that <PTQ=2<OPQ.
 SOLUTIONS
Previous Years' CBSE Board Questions
1. (b): Let AB is a chord of circle which subtends right angle at its centre.

2.

= <QBO = 90°
= <ABO+<ABQ = 90°
= 42.5° + <ABQ = 90°
= <ABQ = 47.5°
3. (a): Draw OAI TA.
In ∆OTA, <OAT = 90° (:- Tangent to a circle is
perpendicular to the radius passing through the point of
contact) and <OTA = 30°
4. (d): Since, <TPO = 25° and <OTP = 90°
(:- Radius is perpendicular to the tangent T)
x = <OTP+<TPO
= 90° +25° = 115°
5. (a): OB AB [As tangent to a circle is perpendicular to the radius through the
point of the contact] In ∆OAB,

6. (c): PR is tangent which touches circle at point P.

So, <OPR 90°
<OPQ=90° - <RPQ = 90° - 50° 40°
In, ∆POQ,
OP=OQ (Radii of circle)
So, <OQP=<OPQ = 40°
:- <POQ=180°-40°-40° = 100°
7.
8. Construction: Join OC
Now, in ∆AOC, AO = OC (radii of same circle)

9.

10.
11.

12. Since, XAY is a tangent to the circle centred at O. Therefore, OA is

perpendicular to XAY
: m<XAO = 90°

Given, mZABO = 40°

Therefore, m/OAB = 40°
Now, m/BAY+mZOAB+mZXAO = 180° [ZXAY is a straight angle]
m<BAY + 40° + 90° = 180°
⇒ m<BAY = 180° - 130° = 50°
Now, in ∆AOB,
m<AOB+mZOAB+mZOBA = 180° [Angle sum property]
⇒ m<AOB+40° + 40° = 180°
⇒ m<AOB+80° = 180°
⇒ m<AOB = 180° - 80° = 100°
13. Since angle subtended by an arc at the centre is double the angle
subtended by the same arc at the remaining part of the circle.
:- 2<ABQ = <AOQ

14.
 OR

15. Given: Two circles with centres O and O' of radii 2r and r respectively,
touch each other internally at A. AB is the chord of bigger circle touches the
smaller circle at C. To prove : C bisects AB i.e., AC = CB Here, for smaller circle
(O', r)
16. Given: A circle C(O, r) and a tangent AB at a point P. To prove : OP AB.
Construction:- Take any point Q, other than P, on the tangent AB. Join OQ.
Suppose OQ meets the circle at R.

Proof: We know that among all line segments joining the point O to a point on
AB, the shortest one is perpendicular to AB. So, to prove that OP AB, it is
sufficient to prove that OP is shorter than any other segment joining O to any
point of AB. Clearly, OP=OR [radii of the same circle]
Now, OQ = OR+RQ⇒ OQ > OR
⇒ OQ > OP [:- OP=OR]
⇒ OP < OQ
Thus, OP is shorter than any other segment joining O to any point of AB.
Hence, OP AB.
17. Given Two equal circles O and O' touching each other at X. AC is tangent to
the circle with centre O. <ADO' = 90°

18. Given: A circle with centre O and C is the mid point of arc ACB and DE is a
tangent to the circle. To prove : AB || DE Construction: Join OA, OB and OC.
Proof Since C is the midpoint of arc AB.
19.

20.
.. PQOR is a square.
Hence, PQ OQ = 4 cm
21. (a): In quadrilateral AOBP
<AOB+<OBP + <APB+<OAP = 360°
⇒ ZAOB+90° +90° +80° 360° [:- OAL PA and OBL PB)
⇒ AOB = 360°-260° = 100°
22. (b): It is known that the length of the tangents drawn from an external
point to a circle are equal.
.. QP = PT = 3.8 cm and PR = PT = 3.8 cm
Now, QR = QP+PR = 3.8 cm +3.8 cm = 7.6 cm
23. (b): Given, <QPR = 46°
We have, OQ PQ and OR 1 RP [:: Radius isto the tangent through the point of
contact]
= OQPZORP = 90°
In quadrilateral PQOR, we have
<OQP+<QPR + <PRO+ <ROQ = 360°
= 90° +46° +90° + = <ROQ = 360°
= ROQ = 360° - 226° = 134°
24.
25. (b):We know, tangents drawn from an external point to the circle aree qual
in length.
i.e., AP = AS, BP = BQ, CQ = CR, DR = DS
So, CR=CQ CQ = 3 cm
Now, BC = 7 cm ⇒ CQ+BQ = 7 cm
⇒ BQ (7-3)cm = 4 cm
Also, BQ = BP⇒ BP = 4 cm
Also, ASAP and AS = 5 cm ⇒ AP = 5 cm
AB=AP+PB = (5+ 4) cm = 9 cm
So, x = 9
26.

27. Given APB = 70°, PA and PB are tangents to the circle.

28. Lengths of tangents drawn from an external point to the circle are equal.
:- AP = AR = 4 cm, BP = BQ = 3 cm and CQCRCA - AR-11-4=7cm
:- BC=BQ+CQ=3+7 = 10 cm
29. Since, tangents drawn from an external point are equally inclined to the
line joining centre to that point.

30. Given, PA and PB are tangents to a circle and ZPAB = 50°

31. PA = PB
(Tangents drawn from external point are equal)
32. Let O be the centre of concentric circles and AB be the
chord for circle C, and tangent for circle C₂.
Let P be the point where AB meets C₂.
Join O to A and O to P.
:- Tangent at any point is
perpendicular to the radius
through the point of contact.
33.

34. Given, AQ=5 cm

AQ=AR = 5 cm ( Tangents drawn from an external point to the circle are
equal)
Now, AC = AR + RC (OR is a perpendicular bisector of AC .. AR = RC)
⇒ AC = 10 cm
35. Given: PQ and PR are tangents from an external point P. To prove : PQOR is
a cyclic quadrilateral. Proof OR and OQ are the radius of circle centred at O,
and PR and PQ are tangents.
.. <ORP 90° and <OQP = 90°
In quadrilateral PQOR, we have
<P+<R+<O+<Q=360°
⇒ <P+90° +<O+90° = 360°
⇒ ZP+20=360°- 180° 180°
ZP and 20 are opposite angles of quadrilateral which are supplementary.
:- PQOR is a cyclic quadrilateral.
36. Let the circle touches the sides AB, BC, CD and DA of quadrilateral ABCD at
P, Q, R and S respectively. Since, lengths of tangents drawn from an external
point to the circle are equal.

37. As we know that, tangents drawn from an external

point are equal in length.
:- BP = BD and CD = CQ ...(i)
Also, AP = AQ= 12 cm
⇒ AB+BP = 12 cm and AC+ CQ = 12 cm
⇒ AB+ BD = 12 cm
AC+ CD = 12 cm ... (ii) [Using (i)]
Now, perimeter of AABC = AB + BC + CA
=AB+ BD + DC + AC
= 12+12 [Using (ii)]
= 24 cm

38. Since, tangents drawn from an external point are equal.

:- TP = TQ
= <TPQ=ZTQP ...(i) (:- Angles opposite to equal sides are equal)
In ∆TPQ,
<PTQ+<TQP+<TPQ = 180°
= <PTQ+ <TPQ+<TPQ = 180° [Using (i)]
= <PTQ+2 <TPQ = 180°
= <PTQ = 180° - 2 <TPQ ...(ii)
Now, ZOPT 90° (:- Tangent is perpendicular to the radius through the point of
contact)
:- <TPQ=90° - <OPQ ...(iii)
From (ii) and (iii), <PTQ = 180° -2(90° - <OPQ)
= 180° - 180° +2 <OPQ = 2 <OPQ
39. As we know that, tangents drawn from an external
point are equal in length.
:- QC=CA; QD = BD and PA = PB
Since QC QD = 3 cm (given)
= CA = BD = 3 cm
Also, PC = PA - AC
= PC (12-3) cm = 9 cm
Similarly PD = 9 cm
:- PC + PD=9+9 = 18 cm
40. Given: Tangents PA and PB are drawn at end points of a chord AB of a circle
C(O, r).
To prove: Tangents PA and PB make equal angles with the chord AB i.e.,
<PAB = <PBA
Proof: Since, lengths of tangents drawn from an external point to the circle are
equal.
.. PA= PB
= <PAB = ZPBA (:- Angles opposite to equal sides are equal)
41. Let AD = x => AF = x
[:- Tangents drawn from an external point to the circle are equal in lengths]
.. BD = BE = 12-x (... AB = 12 cm)
and FC = CE = 10-x (... AC = 10 cm)
But BC = 8 cm (Given)
:- 10-x+12-x=8
= -2x+22=8⇒ 2x=14⇒ x=7
Hence, length of AD = 7 cm
Length of BE = 12-7=5cm
Length of CF = 10-7=3 cm
42. Given, PA and PB are tangents from an external point P.
PA = PB = 5 cm
= <PAB = ZABP
(:- Angles opposite to equal sides are equal)
In APB, by angle sum property
<APB = ZPAB = ZABP = 60°
= ∆PAB is an equilateral triangle.
:- AB = PB = PA = 5 cm
43.

Now, ZOTS + ZOST+ZSOT = 180°

⇒ 2/OST + 120° = 180° :- <OTS = <OST = 30°
44. Given, <SPT = 120°
Since, radius is perpendicular to the tangent at the point of contact.
.. <OSP = 90° Also, ZSPO= 60° [:- Tangents drawn to a circle from an external
point are equally inclined to the segment, joining the centre to that point]

45. In right AAOP, OP2 = AP² + OA² = 82 +6² = 100

In right ABOP, OP2 = BP² + OB2
⇒ 100 BP2 +42
⇒ BP2 = 100-16=84 ⇒ BP = 2√21cm
46. Given: A circle with centre O, two tangents TP and TQ drawn from external
point T to the circle.

47. Given: Two tangents PR and QR are drawn from an

external point R and ZPRQ = 120°
To prove : OR = PR + RQ.
Construction: Join OP and OQ.
Proof: In ∆OPR and ∆OQR,
OP = OQ (Radii of the circle)
<OPR = <OQR = 90° (·.· Radius is perpendicular to the tangent at the point of
contact)
RP=RQ (Tangents from an external point are equal)
48. Let E and F be the points where the tangents AB and AC touches the circle
respectively. Join OE and OF. Now, radius is perpendicular to tangent at the
point of contact.
49.

50. Join OT and let PQ intersect OT at R. We know that, tangents drawn

to a circle from an external point are equally inclined to the segment, joining
the centre to that point.
51. Let XBY and PCQ be two parallel tangents to a circle with centre O.

52. Since, we know that tangents drawn from an external point are equal in
length.
.. AE = EC and ED = EB ...(i)
Now, AB = AE+EB ...(ii)
Using (i) in (ii), we get AB = CE + ED = CD
⇒ AB = CD
53. Since, tangents drawn from an external point are equal in length
:- AF = AE, BF = BD, CD = CE
and AB = AC (given) ...(i)
Now, subtracting AF on both the sides of (i)
AB - AF = AC-AF
= AB- AF-AC-AE [:: AF = AE]
= BF = EC
= BD = CD [:: BF = BD, EC = CD]
54. Since lengths of tangents drawn from an exterior point to a circle are
equal.
:- XP = XQ ...(i), APAR ...(ii), BQ = BR ...(iii)
From (i), XP = XQ
= XA+AP = XB+BQ
= XA + AR = XB+ BR [Using (ii) and (iii)]
55. Since, tangents drawn from an external point are equal.
:- TP = TQ
+ <TPQ = <TQP ...(i)
(. Angles opposite to equal sides are equal)
In TPQ,
<PTQ+<TQP+<TPQ = 180°
⇒ <PTQ+ <TPQ+ <TPQ = 180° [Using (i)]
⇒ <PTQ+2 <TPQ = 180°
⇒ <PTQ = 180° - 2 <TPQ ...(ii)
Now, <OPT = 90° (:- Tangent is perpendicular to the radius through the point
of contact)
:- <TPQ=90° - <OPQ ...(iii)
From (ii) and (iii), <PTQ = 180° - 2(90° - <OPQ)
= 180° 180° +2 <OPQ = 2 <OPQ
56. Given, B = 90°, AD = 17 cm, AB = 20 cm, DS = 3 cm Now, DS = DR and AR
= AQ
[.. Tangents drawn from an external point to the circle are equal]
:- DR = 3 cm
AR = AD-DR = 17 - 3 = 14 cm
:- AQ = 14 cm
Now, BQ=AB - AQ=20-14= 6 cm
OQ BQ, OP BP (. Tangent at any point of a circle is perpendicular to the radius
through the point of contact)
:- Quadrilateral BQOP is a square
:- BQ=OQ=r=6cm
Hence, the radius of the circle = 6 cm.
So, ∆OAP = OBP [By SSS congruency criterion]
So, <APO = <BPO
Hence, OP bisects <APB
58. Let the centre of the two concentric circles is O and AB be the chord of the
larger circle which touches the smaller circle at point P as shown in figure.
:- AB is a tangent to the smaller circle at point P

59. Let PA and PB are two tangents on a circle from point P as shown in the
figure. It is known that tangent to a circle is perpendicular to the radius
through the point of contact.
:- ZOAP ZOBP = 90° ...(i)
In quadrilateral AOBP,
<OAP + <APB+<PBO+<BOA = 360°
= 90° + <APB +90° + <BOA = 360° [Using (i)]
= <APB+<BOA = 180° Hence proved
60. Given TP and SP are tangents from an external point P.
:- PT = PS = 4 cm (:- Tangents drawn from an external point to the circle are
equal)
= <PTS = ZPST
(:- Angles opposite to equal sides are equal)
In ATPS, by angle sum property
<TPS = <PTS = <PST = 60°
⇒ ∆TPS is an equilateral triangle.

61. Let BL = x⇒ BN = x
[:: Tangents drawn from an external point to the circle are equal in length]
:- CL=CM=8-x [:- BC= 8 cm]
and AN = AM = 10-x [:: AB = 10 cm]
But AC 12 cm [Given]
:- AM+MC = 12
= 10-x+8-x=12
= 18-2x=126=2x⇒x=3
Length of BL = 3 cm
Length of CM = 8-3=5cm
Length of AN = 10-3=7cm
62. Given: A circle C(O, r)with diameter AB and let PQ and RS be the tangents
drawn to the circle at point A and B. To
prove : PQ || RS
Proof : Since tangent at a point to a circle is perpendicular to the radius
through the point of contact.
63.
64. We have, PQ = 8 cm, OQ = 5 cm
:- PR=RQ=4 cm

65. Given: A parallelogram ABCD circumscribing a circle

with centre O.
To prove : ABCD is a rhombus.
Proof: We know that the tangents drawn to a circle from
an external point are equal in length.

⇒ AP = AS [Tangents drawn from A] ...(i)

⇒ BP = BQ [Tangents drawn from B] ...(ii)
⇒ CR = CQ [Tangents drawn from C] ...(iii)
⇒ DR=DS [Tangents drawn from D] ...(iv)
Adding (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv) we get
AP+BP + CR+DR = AS+BQ + CQ+ DS
⇒ (AP+BP) + (CR+DR) = (AS + DS) + (BQ + CQ)
⇒ AB+CD=AD+BC
⇒ 2AB = 2BC[Opposite sides of the given parallelogram are equal. ABDC and
AD = BC]
:- AB = BC=DC=AD
Hence, ABCD is a rhombus.
66. PM = PN
(:- Tangents drawn from an external point are equal)
PQ+QM = PR+RN
PQ+QS = PR+RS ...(i)
Now, Perimeter of ∆PQR = PQ+ QR + PR
⇒ PQ+QR+PR=PQ+QS+SR + PR=PQ+QS+ PQ+QS
=2(PQ+QS)=2(PQ+QM) = 2 PM

67. Construction: Join B and P

PQ and BQ are tangents to the circle centred at O from
external point Q.
⇒ PQ = BQ ....(i) [ Length of tangents drawn from
external point to the circle are equal]
In ∆PBQ, <PBQ = <BPQ .....(ii)
AB is the diameter of the circle

68. Let common tangent at P meets the tangent AB at C.

Since, tangents drawn from an
external point to a circle are
equal.
69.

:- OP LAP and OQLAQ

= <OPA = ZOQA = 90° ...(i)
Now, in right triangle OPA and OQA, we have
OP=OQ [Radii of circle]
<OPA = <OQA [Each 90°]
and OA = OA [Common]
So, by RHS-criterion of congruence, we get
∆OPA=∆OQA⇒ AP = AQ [By CPCT]
Hence, lengths of two tangents drawn from an external point are equal.
70. Given: Two parallel tangents XY and X'Y' to a circle with centre O and
another tangent AB with point of contact C intersecting XY at A and X'Y' at B.
71. We know, tangent to a circle is perpendicular to its radius at the point of
contact.
Now, AB = AE + EB
= AB = AE + AE
= AB = 2AE= 2 × 3.33 = 6.66 cm
72.

73. We know that, tangents drawn from an external point to a circle are equal
in length.

Now, join OR, OS and OQ

We know that, angle subtended by an arc at the centre is double the angle
subtended by same arc at any point on the remaining part of the circle.
So, <SOQ=2<SRQ ⇒ <SOQ = 2 × 75° = 150°
Now, in ∆OSQ, OS = OQ
⇒ <OQS = <OSQ
Now, by angle sum property,
2/OQS = 180° - 150° ⇒ ZOQS = 15°
We know that, tangent is perpendicular to radius at the point of contact.
So, <OQP = 90°
⇒ <OQR + <PQR = 90°
⇒ <OQR = 90° - 75° = 15°
Now, <RQS = <OQR + <OQS
⇒ <RQS = 15° +15° = 30°
74. Given: ABCD is a quadrilateral circumscribing a circle whose sides AB, BC,
CD and DA touches the circle at P, Q, R and S respectively.
To prove : ZAOB + COD = 180°
and <BOC+<AOD = 180°
Construction Join OP, OQ, OR and OS.
Proof : Since we know that tangents drawn from an external point to a circle
subtend equal angles at the centre.
75. Given, AABC circumscribing a circle of radius 4 cm with centre O.
Join OA. Draw BE and CF such that these passes through the centre O.
Now, radius OD = OE = OF = 4 cm
 CBSE Sample Questions
1.

2.

3. Here PQ = PT
[:- Length of tangents drawn from an external point to the circle are equal]
=PL+LQ=PM+MT
= PL+LN=PM + MN ...(i)
Now, perimeter (∆PLM) PL+LM+PM (1/2)
=PL+LN+MN + PM [:- LM = LN + NM]
= 2(PL+LN) [Using (i)]
=2(PL+LQ) = 2 × PQ
=2×28 = 56 cm [:- PQ = 28 cm (Given)] (1/2)
4.
5. We have, ZPAO = /PBO = 90° (1)
(angle between radius and tangent)
Since, APBO is quadrilateral and ZA+ P+ZB+20=360°
= 90° +75° +90° +20=360° = 20=105° (1/2)
= <AQB = 1/2 × 105° = 52.5° (Angle at the remaining part of the circle is half
the angle subtended by the arc at the centre) (1/2)
6.

= <∆PB20 60° (1/2)

Also, ZPAB = <PBA = 60° (:: PA = PB) (1/2)
⇒ AAPB is an equilateral triangle. (1/2)
7. Clearly, ZAZOPA = ZOSA = 90° (1/2)
<SOP = 90°
Also, AP = AS
[Length of tangents from the external point A]
So, OSAP is a square
=> AP = AS = 10 cm [ OS 10 cm (Given)] (1/2)
Again, CRCQ= 27 cm
[Length of tangents from the external point C]
=> BQ=BC-CQ=38-27=11cm
=> BP = BQ = 11 cm (1/2)
:- x = AB = AP + BP = 10+11=21 cm (1/2)
8. Let ABCD be the rhombus circumscribing the circle with centre O, such that
AB, BC, CD and DA touch the circle at points E, F, G and H respectively.
We know that the tangents drawn to a circle from an exterior point are equal
in length.
9.
10. Let PA and PB be the two tangents drawn to a circle with centre O.

11.