FORM 2 CHEMISTRY

ELIMU TOPICAL EXAMINATION

Air and Combustion (24 Lessons)
1. A piece of burning magnesium was lowered into a gas jar of Carbon (IV) oxide.
(a) State the observations made. (2 marks)
Write an equation for the reaction in (a) above. (1 mark)
5. A student set-up an experiment as shown below. Moist iron wool was placed in a boiling tube and inverted over
2. When the oxide of metal Z is heated in the presence of metal X, it is reduced.
water.
The oxide of metal X is reduced by metal Y. Arrange the three metals in order of increasing reactivity.
(2mks)
3. (a) State the two conditions necessary for rusting to occur. (1mk)
(b) State two reasons why tin coating is used in food cans. (2mks)

4. A form two student in an attempt to prevent rusting, put copper and zinc in contact with iron as shown
below.

Iron
(a) What was observed after two days? (1 mark)
X(b) Explain the observations.Y
Iron
(1 mark)
(c) What would be observed if a large piece of iron wool was used? (1 mark)

(2 marks)
6. (ii)
The
(i) diagrams
Explain
State below
your
what were
answer
would setdiagram
in
happen up
in by
setform
upY.X4 and
students to investigate
Y after one week.methods of preventing rusting. (1mark)

Copper
Zinc

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(i) It was observed that rusting occurred 1in set up B and not in set up A. Explain. (2 marks)
(ii) State one other method of preventing rusting in iron. (1 mark)
7. Rusting leads to fast wearing out of farm tools and equipment as well as buildings.
(a) Give the chemical name of rust. (1 mark)

(b) What two conditions accelerate rusting process? (2 marks)

8. Excess iron was allowed to rust in 2dm³ of most air and the volume of air remaining was
measured at 1 atmospheric pressure each day. The results were as follows.
Day 0 1 3 4 5 6 7 8
Volume (cm³) 2000 1900 1720 1660 1620 1600 1600 1600

(i) Write an equation for the formation of rust. (1mk)

(ii) On which day was the reaction complete. Explain. (1mk)
(iii) What is the percentage volume of oxygen in air. Show your working. (1mk)

9. The apparatus below was set up for the preparation of oxygen gas in the laboratory.

(a) Name liquid Q.

(1mk)
(b) Write a balanced chemicals equation for the reaction that takes place in the reaction
flask. (1mk)
(c) Give a reason why it is preferred to use warm water to cold water when collecting
oxygen gas. (1mk)

10. What is the colour of the following. (2 marks)

Metal oxide Colour when hot Colour when cold

Zinc (II)oxide
Lead (II) oxide
11. The diagram below represents a set up that was used to show that part of air which is used
during burning.
 a. If excess phosphorus was used in the set up. Draw a diagram of the set up at the
end of the experiment when there was no further observable change. (2 marks)
b. Suggest one modification that should be made on the apparatus if the percentage of
the air used is to be determined.
(1 mark)
12. In an experiment, rods of metal X, Y, Z were cleaned with sand paper and placed in a
beaker containing water. Another set of rods was also placed in a beaker containing
dilute acid. After placing the rods in the two liquids, bubbles of gas were seen around
some of the rods as shown in the diagram below.

a) Why is it necessary to clean the rods with sand paper before dipping them into the liquid.
(1 mark)
b) Arrange the three metals in order of their reactivity starting with the most reactive. (2
marks)

13. a) Why is air considered as a mixture rather than a compound ?

(1mark)
b) State one similarity between rusting and combustion of iron.
(1mark)
c) Explain why iron nails rust faster in sodium chloride solution than in tap water.
(1mark)

14. a) What is air pollution ? (1 mark)

b) State four gaseous substances present in unpolluted air. (2marks)

15.
16.
17.
18.
 The diagram below shows the set-up that can be used to prepare and collect oxygen
gas. Study it and answer the questions that follow.

a) Identify two mistakes from the diagram which must be corrected for one to collect dry
oxygen gas. (2marks)
b) What property of oxygen gas makes it possible to be collected over water. (1mark)

19. The table below gives information about some reactions of metals A,B, C and D and their
rates.
METAL Reaction with acid Reaction with water Action of heat on its
A Hydrogen evolved No reaction nitrateformed
Oxide
B NO reaction No reaction Metal formed
C Hydrogen evolved Hydrogen evolved Oxide formed
D NO reaction NO reaction Oxide formed
Arrange the metals in order of decreasing activity. (2marks)
20. Air is passed through several reagents as shown in the flow diagram below

Name one gas which escapes from chamber C. Give a reason for your answer (3marks)

21. Explain the change in mass expected when each of the following substances is heated in an
open crucible.

(a) Copper metal. (1 mark)

(b) Copper (II) nitrate. (2 marks)

22. In an experiment a certain volume of air was repeatedly passed between two syringes
over heated zinc powder as shown below.

The same experiment was repeated using magnesium turnings instead of zinc powder.
In which of the two experiments was the overall change in volume greater? Explain.
(3 marks)

23. Your friend‟s clothes have caught fire. Inorder to extinguish the fire you decide to cover
with a damp blanket. What is the purpose of the clamp blanket?
(1mk)
4.0.0 Air and Combustion (24 Lessons)-Answers
1. a) black specks  1
White powder  1
b) 2 Mg (s) + CO2 (g) → 2 MgO (s) + C (s)  1

2. Z<X<Y ²

3. (a) Presence of water.

Presence of oxygen/air.
(b) - Tin is non-toxic
- Tin is unreactive.
- Does not corrode easily.

4. i) X –
Iron rusted
Y – No rusting on iron.
ii) Zinc more reactive than iron hence zinc undergoes corrosion in place of iron. i.e. zinc reacts with
oxygen and moisture. W.T.T.E
5. (a) Moist iron wool had turned to brown. (1mk)
(b) The brown substance (½mk) was rust which occurred due to moisture and oxygen.
presence of (½mk)

6. (i) Tin is less reactive than iron hence couldn‟t prevent iron from reacting (½mk)
with oxygen. While in A magnesium is more reactively (½mk) than iron
hence it reacted with (½mk) oxygen instead of iron.
(ii) - Electroplating.
- Painting.
- Oiling and greasing.
- Use of silica gel (1mk) for any one
7. (a) - Hydrated Iron (III) oxide
(b) - High temperatures
- Acidic conditions
- Salty conditions
8. (a) (i) 4Fe(S) + 3O2(g) + nH2O(l) 2Fe2O3(S) ½
(ii) 6th day ½ - volume of air ½ remains constant.
(iii) % of oxygen gas= 2000 1600 100
¹
2000
20% ¹

9. (a) Water ¹
 (b) 2Na2O2(S) + 2H2O(S) 4NaOH(aq) + O2(g) ¹
(c) Oxygen is insoluble in warm water. ¹

10.
When hot When cold
Yellow ½ White ½
red ½ Yellow ½

11. (a)

(b) Use a measuring cylinder 1 instead of a gas jar to measure the volume of water
displaced by the used air

12. a) To remove oxide coating which could inhibit reaction

b) YZX - reactivity decreases

13. a) Can be separated using physical means

b) Both processes uses oxygen in the reaction
c) Sodium chloride is a substance that accelerate rusting while tap water contains
moisture and oxygen conditions necessary for rusting to occur

14. a) Addition of undesirable substances to the air

b) Oxygen, nitrogen, carbon (IV) oxide inert gases

14. a) Delivery tube from the drying agent dipping in the drying agent.
Collection by over water method isn’t appropriate since the gas is required dry.
b) Slightly soluble in water

15. Arrange the metals in order

of decreasing activity.
CADB
16. Argon. Its inert

18. (a) Mass increases as oxygen combines with copper ¹

(b) Mass decreases as ¹ gases escape during decomposition

¹
19. - Experiment with magnesium ¹
- Zinc reacts with oxygen only while ¹
- Magnesium reacts with both oxygen and nitrogen. ¹

20. To cut the supply of oxygen gas.