ELECTRIC CHARGES AND FIELDS -1

(i) Multiple Choice Questions

4
1. Two charges 3.105 C and 510 C are placed at a distance 10 cm from each
other. Find the value of electrostatic force acting between them.
11 11
(a) 13.510 N (b) 4010 N
9 10
(c) 18010 N (d) 13.510 N
Ans. (a)
Applyin
g
2. What is the S. I. unit of electric flux?
2
N 2 2 N N
(a) m (b) Nm (c) C (d) C 2
2 2
C m m
Ans. (a)
Rememberi
ng
3. What is the value of minimum force acting between two charges placed at 1
m apart from each other
2
2 Ke Ke
(a) Ke (b) Ke (c) (d)
4 2
Ans. (a)
Applyin
g
4. A glass rod acquires charge by rubbing it with silk cloth. The charge on glass
rod is due to :

(a) Friction (b) Conduction (c) Induction (d) Radiation

Ans. (a)
Understand
ing

5. If  E.ds  0 , inside a surface, that means :-

(a) there is no net charge present inside the surface
(b) Uniform electric field inside the surface
(c) Discontinues field lines inside the surface
(d) Charge present inside the surface

Ans. (a)
Understandi

ng
7. For a point charge, the graph between electric field versus distance is given
by : -

Ans. (b)
Understandi
ng
8. What will be the value of electric field at the centre of the electric dipole : -
(a) Zero
(b) Equal to the electric field due to one charge at centre
(c) Twice the electric field due to one charge at centre
(d) half the value of electric field due to one charge at centre
Ans. (c)
Applyin
g
9. Charge on a conducting metal sphere present at : -
(a) On the surface of sphere (b) Inside the sphere
(c) Outside the sphere (d) both inside and outside of sphere
Ans. (a)
Understandi
ng
10. The value of electric field inside a conducting sphere having radius R and
charge Q will be :
KQ KQ
(a) 2
(b)
R R 2
KQ
(c) Zero (d) 2
R
Ans. (c)
Understandi
ng
11. Which physical quantity have unit Newton /coulomb.
(a)
Electric charge (b) Electric field

(c) Electric force (d) Electric potential

Ans. (b)
Analysing & Evaluating
12. In the process of charging, the mass of the negatively charged body-
(a) Increases (b) Decreases
(c) Remains Constant (d) None of the above
Ans. (a)
Understandi
ng
13. Charge on a body is integral multiple of  e . It is given by the law of -
(a) Conservation of charge (b) Conservation of mass
(c) Conservation of energy (d) Quantisation of charge
Ans. (d)
Rememberi
ng
14. Four charges + 8Q, - 3Q +5Q and -10Q are kept inside a closed surface. What
will be the outgoing flux through the surface.
(a) 26 V-m (b) 0 V-m (c) 10 V-m (d) 8 V-m

Ans. (b)
[Applyin
g]
15. Which Quantity is vector Quantity among the following -
(a) Electric flux (b) Electric charge (c) Electric field
(d) Electric potential
Ans. (b)
Analysing & Evaluating
16. Charge Q is kept in a sphere of 5 cm first than it is kept in a cube of side 5 cm.
the outgoing flux will be-
(a) More in case of sphere (b) More in case of cube
(c) Same in both case (d) Information Incomplete
Ans. (c)
Analysing & Evaluating
17. Electric field intensity due to a short dipole remains directly proportional to – (r
→ distance of a point from centre of dipole )
2 3
(a) r (b) r

(c) r 2 (d) r 3

Ans. (d)
Understandi

ng
18. On charging a neutral Balloon its size -
(a) Increases
(b) Decreases
(c) Remains same
(d) No relation between charge & size
Ans. (a)
Understandi
ng
19. Electric field lines contracts lengthwise, It shows
(a) repulsion between same charges
(b) Attraction between apposite charges
(c) No relation between force & contraction.
(d) Electric field lines does not moves on straight path.

Ans. (b)

Understandi

ng
(ii) Completion Type Questions
1. The expression q  ne is due to of electric charge.

Ans.

Quantisation
Remembering

2. A silk cloth rubbed with a glass rod has a charge q  1.6 10 19

C , then the
charge on the
glass rod will be C.
Ans. 1.61019 
Analysing & Evaluating
3. A charge Q is enclosed by a Gaussian spherical surface of radius R. If the
radius is doubled, then the electric will remain same.
Ans.

Flux
Applying
4. An electric dipole is placed inside uniform electric field. When it is rotated from
unstable equilibrium to stable equilibrium in a uniform electric field, its
potential energy

. Ans.

Decreases
Applying
5. S. I. Unit of electric field is .
Ans. (N/C)
Rememberi
ng
6. Two point charges are separated by some distance inside vacuum. When space
between the charges is filled by some dielectric, the force between two point
charges ?
Ans.

Decreases
Understandi
ng
7. Net electrostatic field inside a positively charged conductor is .
Ans. Zero
Rememberi
ng
8. Electric flux is a quantity.

Ans. Scalar

Understand

ing
9. Two pointy charges, one Coulomb each are separated by vacuum and placed 1
meter apart from each other. The force acting between them is .
Ans. 9109 N 
Analysing & Evaluating
10. Electric field lines never each other
Ans.

Intersect
Understandi
ng
11. Net electric flux from a closed surface does not depends upon distribution of
_ inside the surface.
Ans.

Charges
Understand
ing
12. Direction of electric field intensity due to a dipole on equatorial point is
to the direction of dipole moment.
Ans. Opposite
Analysing &
Evaluating
13. The unit of electric flux is volt × meter.
Ans. Electric flux
14. Net charge within an isolated system always remains constant. It is called as
law of
of charge.
Ans.

Conservation
Understanding
15. Net Electric field inside the charged spherical shell is .
Ans. Zero
Analysing & Evaluating
16. Electric force acting between two charges also depends upon the _
between them.
Ans.

Medium
Understandi
ng
17. An electric dipole is placed inside uniform electric field. Net on it is
always zero.
Ans.
Force
[Applyin
g]
18. Two unequal charges exerts magnitude force on each other.
Ans. Equal
Understand
ing
19. Electric dipole moment is a quantity.
Ans.

Vector
Rememberi
ng
20. A sphere of radius 100 cm has a charge of 2 / 3µC. Its surface density of
charge is
.
7 2 Q  2 / 3  10 6 7 2
Ans. 1.67 10 C / m (    = 1.67 10 C / m )
4   1
2
4 R 2
Applying
21. A proton and an alpha particle enter into a region of uniform electric field. The
ratio of the force on the proton to that on the alpha particle is .
Fp eE
Ans. 1 : 2 (   1: 2 )
F 2eE
Applying

22. Two equal and opposite charges of magnitude 0.2106 C are 15 cm apart, the
magnitude and direction of the resultant electric intensity E at a point
midway between the charge is
.
5
Ans. 6.410 N / C , towards the –ve

charge Applying
(iii) True/False Type Questions
1. Two identical metallic spheres of exactly equal masses are taken. One is given a
positive charge Q Coulombs and the other an equal negative charge. Their
masses after charging are different.
Ans. True
Analysing & Evaluating
2. Electrostatic force is a conservative in nature.
Ans. True
Rememberi
ng
3. Quantisation of charge can be neglected at macroscopic level.
Ans. True
Understandi
ng
N
4. S. I. unit of electric flux is .
C
Ans. False
Rememberi
ng
5. The electric force between two charges changes, if we bring a third charge
closer to them.
Ans. False
Understandi
ng
6. Two electric field lines never intersect each other.
Ans. True
Remembering/ Understanding
2
kp
7. Electric
by 2 . field on the axis of a short dipole at a distance r from the dipole is given
r
Ans. False
Understandi
ng
8. Electrostatic force is both attractive and repulsive.
Ans. True
Remembering/ Understanding
9. Electrostatic force at a point due to multiple charges is equal to algebraic sum
 of forces due to all charges at that point.
Ans. False
Understandi
ng
10.
Charge on a body can have any value greater than1.61019 C .
Ans. False
Understandi
ng
11.
Electric field intensity due to an Infinite charge sheet decreases by increasing
distance.
Ans. False
Understandi
ng
12.
It is possible that two similarly charged bodies can attract each other.
Ans.
True
App
13.
Charge given to a spherical conductor is uniformly distributed in its entire volume.
Ans. False
Analysing & Evaluating
14.
Gauss law is valid only for the fields which follows inverse square law.
Ans. True
Understandi
ng
15.
Electric flux is a vector quantity.
Ans. False
Rememberi
ng
6
16.
The minimum field required to produce breakdown of 3.0 10 V / m . Therefore a
air is
conducting sphere 10 cm in radius can easily hold a 4 106 C in air without
charge of breakdown.
9
9 10 4
Ans. False (Electric field at the top of 106
6
 3.6 10 N / C which
the sphere KQ
E

R 10 1 2
 
2

6
is more than 3.0 10 N / C , so the sphere cannot hold charge 4 106
C . ) Applying
17.
Three equal charges (‘Q’ each) are placed at the corners of an equilateral triangle
of side ‘a’. Q2 3
The force on any one of the 2
.
charge is 4 a
0

Ans. True FA FAB 2  FAC 2  2FAB

 FACcos 60
   KQ 2  2 KQ

2  2  KQ 2   2KQ 2  2 1
2   
 a 2  a2   a 2   a 2 2
2
KQ 3

a2
Applyin
g
(iv) Matching type Questions

1. (i) Direction of dipole moment (a)positive charge to negative

charge
(ii) Direction of electric field lines
(b)negative charge to positive
Ans. (i) (b),
charge
(ii)(a)
(c)positive charge to positive
Remembering charge

2. (i) As a body acquires positive charge, its (a)Increases

mass
(b)Remain same
(ii) As a body acquires negative charge, its
mass (c)Decreases

Ans. (i) (c), (d) First increase then decrease.

(ii) (a)
Understanding

3. (i) S.I. unit of electric N

flux is (a) 2
C
(ii) S.I. unit of electric field is N
(b)
C
N 2
(c) m
C
Ans. (i) (c),
N
(ii)(b) (d) C 
m2
Remembering

4. (i) Electric field intensity on the 

surface of charged conducting (a)
0
sphere 
(ii) Electric field intensity due to (b)
2 0
infinite charged sheet 
(c)
4 0
Ans. (i) (a), 
(ii)(b) (d)
6 0
Remembering

5. (i) Glass rod is rubbed with silk clothe (a)Friction

and get charged
(b)Conduction
(ii) A metal sphere is get charged by
another charged sphere by no (c)Induction
actual contact between
Ans. (i) (a),
(ii)(c)

Understandin

g
6. (i) Electric field lines due to a point (a)radically inward
like positive charge
(b)radically outward
(ii) Electric field lines due to a point
(c)parallel to charge
like negative charge
(d) perpendicular to charge
Ans. (i) (b),
(ii)(a)
Remembering

7. (i) Electrostatic force is (a)Always attractive

(ii) Gravitational force is (b)Always repulsive
Ans. (i) (c), (c)Both attractive and repulsive
(ii)(a)
Remembering

8. (a) Electric field (a)Volt × metre

(b) Electric (b)Volt /sec
flux Ans. (i) (c), (c)Volt / metre
(ii)(a)
[Remembering]

9. (a) Charging by friction (a)Both bodies must be charged

(b) Charging by (b)One of the body should be
charged
Induction Ans. (i) (a), (ii)(b)
[Understanding] (c)Both bodies may not be charged

10. (i) Direction of electric field intensity (a) Along the direction of
on axial point of dipole. electric dipole moment
(ii) Direction of electric field intensity (b) Perpendicular to the direction
on equatorial point of dipole of electric dipole moment
Ans. (i) (a), (c) Opposite to the direction of
dipole moment
(ii)(c)

[Rememberin

g]

11. (i) Electric field intensity due to an 

infinite charged sheet (a)
0
(ii) Electric field intensity on the 
surface of charged sphericalshell (b)
2 0
Ans. (i) (b), 2
 (c)
(ii)(a) 3 0
[Remembering

]
12. (i) Electric charge (a)volt/ metre
(ii) Electric flux (b)Remains Quantised

Ans. (i) (b), (c)Scalar Quantity

(ii)(c)

[Understandin

g]

13. (i) Gauss Law 

(a)
 E.dS 
(ii) Coulombs Law 0
q
(b)
 E.dS 

0
Ans. (i) (b),
kq 1q2
(ii)(c) (c) F 
[Applying] r2

14. (i) Net force on a dipole is zero (a)Dipole in non uniform electric
field
(ii) A scale rubbed with hair attracts
small pieces of paper. (b)Dipole in uniform electric field

Ans. (i) (b), (c)Charging by conduction.

(ii)(a)
[Applying]

15. (i) Two similarly charged bodies (a)Always repel each other
(ii) Two oppositely charged bodies (b)Always attract each other
Ans. (i) (c), (c)May attract or repel each other
(ii)(b)
[Understandin
g]

16. (i) Direction of electric field lines (a)Positive to negative charge

(ii) Direction of electric dipole moment (b)Negative to positive charge

Ans. (i) (a), (c) perpendicular to the line

joining both charges
(ii)(b)

[Remembering

]
 ELECTROSTATIC POTENTIAL AND CAPACITANCE - 2
(i) Multiple Choice Questions
1. When charge is supplied to a conductor, its potential depends upon
(a) the amount of charge (b) Geometry & size of conductor
(c) both (a) & (b) (d) only on (a)
Ans. (c)
Understand
ing
2. A parallel plate capacitor is charged by a battery. Once it is charged battery is
removed. Now a dielectric material is inserted between the plates of the
capacitor, which of the following does not change?
(a) electric field between the plates (b) potential difference across the
plates
(c) charge on the plates (d) energy stored in the capacitor.
Ans. (c)
Analysing & Evaluating
3. A dipole is placed parallel to electric field. If W is the work done in rotating the
dipole from 0° to 60°, then work done in rotating it from 0° to 180° is
(a) 2W (b) 3 W
W
(c) 4W (d)
2
Ans.

(c)
Applyin
g
4. The variation potential V with r & electric field with r for a point charge is
correctly shown in the graphs.

Ans. (b)
Understand
ing
5. A charge Q is supplied to a metallic conductor. Which is true?
(a) Electric field inside it is same as on the surface.
(b) Electric potential inside is zero.
(c) Electric potential on the surface is zero
(d) Electric potential inside it is constant
Ans. (d)
Analysing& Evaluating/ Understanding
6. A parallel plate capacitor C has a charge Q. The actual charges on the plates
are
(a) Q, Q (b) Q / 2, Q / 2
Q Q
(c) Q,  Q (d) ,
2 2
Ans. (c)
Understand
ing
7. Three capacitors of capacitances 1µf, 2µF & 3µF are connected in series and a
potential difference of 11V is applied across the combination them the potential
difference across the plates of 1µF capacitor is
(a) 2V (b) 4V (c) 1V (d) 6V
Ans.
(d)
Applyin
g
8. The potential at the centreof the square is-
kq
(a) Zero (b)
a 2
kq kq
(c) 2
(d) 2
a 2a
Ans.

(a)
Applyin
g
9. Two conducting spheres A and B of radii a & b respectively are at the same
potential. The ratio of surface charge densities of A and B is
2 2
b a a b
(a) (b) (c) 2
(d) 2
a b b a
Ans. (a)
Applyin
g
10. Work done to bring a unit positive charge un-accelerated from infinity to a point
inside electric field is called :
(A) Electric field (B) Electric potential
(C) Capacitance (D) Electric flux
Ans (B)
Rememberi
ng
11. Electric potential due to a point charge –q at distance x from it is given by:
 (A) Kq/x2 (B) Kq/x
(C) -Kq/x2 (D) -Kq/x
Ans.- (D)
Understanding
12. Electric field is always :
(A) Parallel to equipotential surface
(B) Perpendicular to equipotential surface
(C) It can be perpendicular and parallel as well
(D) It does not depends on distribution of charge
Ans.- (B)
Understanding
13. Electric field and electric potential inside a charged
spherical shell : (A) E = 0; V = 0
(B) E=0;V≠0
(C) E≠0;V=0 (D) E ≠ 0 ; V ≠ 0
Ans.- (B)
Understanding
14. Shape of equipotential surface in uniform electric field will be :
(A) Spherical normal to electric field
(B) Random
(C) circular normal to electric field
(D) Equidistant Planes normal to electric field
Ans.- (D)
Understanding
15. On reducing potential across or capacitor, its capacitance of an object :
(A) Decreases (B) Increases
(C) Remains constant (D) First increases then decreases
Ans- (C)
Understanding
16. Energy stored in a in a charged capacitor is given by :
(A) U = CV/2 (B) U = CV2/2
(C) 2CV2 (D) VC2/2
Ans.- (B)
Remembering]
17. If n number of equal capacitors each of capacitance C are connected in series
then equivalent capacitance will be given as :
(A) n×C (B) C/n
(C) n+C (D) n2C
Ans.- (B)
Applying
18. Capacitance of parallel plate capacitor when there is no medium between the
plates is C0. If capacitor is now completely filled with dielectric matter of
constant K then capacitance :
(A) C0/K (B) KC0
(C) K2C0 (D) 2KC0
Ans.- (B)
Applying
(ii) Completion Type Questions
1. Electric field E at a point is perpendicular to the surface through the
point.
Ans.

Equipotential
Understanding
2. The potential energy of a charge q in an placed at potential V  r  is _ .
Ans. {qV r}
Remembering
3. It is safer to be inside the car rather than standing outside under a trace
during lightening is based on concept.
Ans. Electrostatic
shielding
Understanding
4. A capacitor plates are charged by a battery. After charging battery is
disconnected and a dielectric slab is inserted between the plates, the charge
on the plates of capacitor
.
Ans. Remain
same Applying
5. The amount of work done is bringing a charge q from infinity to a point un-
accelerated and is equal to acquired by the charge.
Ans. Electrostatic potential
energy Remembering
6. The value of potential energy of an electric dipole in uniform electric field
along thedissection of field is .

Ans. U   p .
E
Remembering
7. Electric field is always...............to the equipotential surface.
Ans.
(perpendicular)
Understanding
8. Work done to bring a unit positive charge un-accelerated from infinity to a
point in electric field is called ……….
Ans. (electric
potential)
Remembering
9. Unit of capacitance is ……………….
Ans.
(Farad)
Rememberi
ng
10. Unit of electric potential is ……………
Ans. (Volt)
Rememberi
ng
11. A capacitor is charged and is not connected to a battery; Potential between
plates of the capacitor when it is filled with dielectric.
Ans. (Decrease)
Analysing &
Evaluating
12. Equipotential surface due to a point charge will be in shape.
Ans.
(Spherical)
Remembering
13. Equipotential surfaces due to long linear charge distribution will be in shape.
Ans.
(Cylindrical)
Remembering
14. Two capacitors each of capacitance 2µF are connected in series. Equivalent
capacitance will be ……..
Ans. (1µF)
Applying
(iii) True/False Type Questions
1. For a charged particle moving from point P to point Q, the net work done by
an electrostatic field on the particle is independent of the path connecting
point P to point Q.
Ans. True
Understand
ing
2. A conducting hollow sphere of radius 10 cm has an electric potential on the
surface be 10V. Then the electric potential at the centre of the hollow sphere
will be zero.
Ans. False
Understand
ing
3. The work done in rotating the electric dipole in uniform electric field from  
0 to   60
will be negative.
Ans.

False
Applying
kp
4. Electric potential due to an electric dipole on equatorial line is 3
r
Ans. False
Rememberi
ng
5. Electric field inside the dielectric material is always less because induced
electric field is set up within it, which is in a direction opposite to original
electric field.
Ans. True
Understanding
6. Charge q is placed at the center of an imaginary sphere as
shown following. Work done in moving a charge from A to B
is greater than taking the charge from B to C.
Ans. False
Applying
7. When two capacitors with unequal capacitances are joined in parallel and
connected across a battery then charge on each capacitor will be same.
Ans. False
Understand
ing

8. The potential difference VP VQ will be positive.

1
Ans. True (An V  VV)
P Q
r
Analysing& Evaluating
9. The electrostatic field at the surface of charged conductor must be tangential
to the surface at any point.
Ans. False (Electric field should be normal to the surface
at any point) Understanding
10. We can place a metal sphere of capacitance 1Farad inside an almirah.
Ans. False
Understand
ing
11. Work done to displace any electric charge from one point to another point on
equipotential surface is always zero.
Ans. True Wif = qo[Vf
–Vi] Understanding
12. Two equipotential surfaces never intersect each other.
Ans. True
Understandi
ng
13. If two capacitors having equal capacitance are connected in series then
equivalent capacitance doubles.
1
 1 1  C
Ans. False Cs =(    
 C1 C 2  2
Applying
14. Electrostatic force is a conservative force.
 
Ans. True  E..dl = 0
Understanding
15. Four capacitor each of capacitance 16µF are connected in series. Equivalent
capacitance will be 4µF.
1 1 1 1
Ans. True Cs =      4 F
16 16 16 16
 
Applying
16. Electric field is always perpendicular to equipotential surface.
Ans. False
Understand
ing
17. Electric field intensity outside parallel plate capacitor is zero.
Ans. True
Understandi
ng
(iv) Matching type Questions
1
1. (a) Electric field due to a single charge P E 
r
1
(b) Electric field due to an electric dipole Q E 
r2
1
R E 
r3
Ans. (a) –Q , (b)– R
Understanding
2. (a) In series combination of capacitors (P) potential difference across
each
capacitor is same
(b) In parallel combination of capacitors Q) energy stored by each capacitor
is
same
(R)charge on each capacitor is
same.
Ans. (a)- R, (b) – P
Understanding
3. (a) On inserting dielectric slab between (P) capacity remains same plates
of
capacitor
(b) On replacing mica by air between (Q) capacity decreases plates of
capacitor
(R)capacity increases
Ans. (a) –R , (b)- Q
Understanding
4. (a) Equipotential surfaces for a point charge (P) Coaxial cylindrical
(b) Equipotential surface for a linear charge (Q) Concentric spherical
(R)concentric circular
Ans. (a) –Q , (b)- P
Remembering
5. (a) Equivalent capacitance of 3 equal capacitors P 3C

in series combination Q 2

C
3
C
(b) Equivalent capacitance of 3 equal capacitors, R
3
two in parallel & one in series with it
Ans. (a) –R, (b)- Q
Applying
 2

6. (a) SI unit of potential difference P N

m
C
N
(b) SI unit of Electric field (Q) m
C
Rseckgm
2
C
Ans. (a) –Q , (b)- R
Remembering
7. (a) Electric field inside a metallic conductor (P) constant
(c) Electric potential inside the conductor (Q) zero
(R)Less than that on surface
Ans. (a) –Q , (b)- P
Understanding

8. (a) The value of electric field just outside the (P)
0 2
charged conductor is

(c) The value of electric field inside a charged (Q)
0 
2
capacitor is (R)

Ans. (a) –Q , (b)- R
Understanding
2
9. (a) Unit of dielectric constant K (P) Nm c2
(c) Unit of electrical permittivity (Q) no unit
2
(R) N 1m2C
Ans. (a) – Q, (b) – R
Remembering
Very Short Answer Type Questions carrying 1 mark each
Q.No. Questions
1 Two identical conducting balls A and B have charges – Q and + 3Q respectively. They
are brought in contact with each other and then separated by a distance d apart. Find the
nature of Coulomb force between them.
Ans. When in contact net charge will be + 2Q. When separated each has charge +Q . So
force will be repulsive.
2 A metallic spherical shell has an inner radius R1& outer radius R2.A charge Q is placed
at the centre of the shell. What will be the surface charge density on the (i) inner
surface & (ii) outer surface of the shell ?
Ans. On the inner surface - Q/ 4π R2
On the outer surface + Q/ 4π R2
3 Two charges of magnitudes – 2Q and + Q are located at points (a, 0) and (4a, 0)
respectively. What is the electric flux due to these charges through a sphere of radius
‘3a’ with its centre at the origin?
Ans. Φ= net charge /ε0 = -2Q/ε0
4 Explain quantization of charge.
Ans. The electric charge of an object is always integral multiple of a basic charge equal to
the charge of electron.
5 Name the physical quantity whose S.I. unit is JC - 1. Is it a scalar or a vector quantity?
Ans. Potential. It is a scalar quantity.
6 Why do not two electric field lines intersect each other?
Ans. The tangent drawn at a point on an electric field line represents direction of electric
field for the point. So, if two field lines are intersecting, it would mean that at the point
of intersection there would be two directions of electric field at the same point which is
not possible.
7 Why electric field lines do not form closed loops?
Ans. Electric field lines start from positive charges & ends at negative charges.
8 Why are electric field lines continuous?
Ans. If an electric field line is discontinuous, it would represent the absence of electric field
in the gap.
9 Name the physical quantity that measures the strength of electric field at a point.
Ans. Electric flux.
10 What is the required condition for an electric flux to be maximum?
Ans. Angle between Electric field and area element vector should be 00.
11. Work done on a test charge due a charge Q is positive. predict the sign of Q
Ans. Q> 0 ( Positive)
12 Define electrostatic potential.
Ans. The amount of work done in bringing a unit test charge from infinity to a point in
electric field is called electrostatic potential at that point.
SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTION CARRYING 2 MARKS EACH
1. A test charge ‘q’ is moved without acceleration from A to C along the path from A to B
and then from B to C in electric field E as shown in the figure.
(i) Calculate the potential difference between A and C.
 (ii) At which point (of the two) is the electric potential more ?

Ans. (i) VC – VA = 4E
(ii) VC>VA
2. What is the geometrical shape of equipotential surfaces due to a single isolated charge?

Ans The equipotential surfaces due to a single isolated charge are concentric spherical
surfaces. As the distance from the charge increases the electric field strength will
decrease and the distance between the spherical surfaces will increase.

3. Electrostatic potential is constant through the volume of the conductor. Why?

Ans. dV
As E = as electric field E = 0 Inside therefore V = constant
dr
4. What is meant by dielectric strength of a dielectric medium?
Ans. The maximum electric field that a dielectric medium can be withstand without break
down of its insulating property is called Dielectric Strength.
Example: For air it is 33 x 106 Vm−1.
5. A spherical conducting shell of inner radius r1 and outer radius r2 has a charge Q.
(i) a charge q is placed at the centre of the shell. What is the surface charge
density on the inner and outer surfaces of the shell?
(ii) (ii) is the electric field intensity inside a cavity with no charge is zero, even
if the shell is not spherical? Explain.

Ans. ( -q/4πr12, Q+q/4πr22,0 ) (when charge q is placed at the centre of the shell, a charge –q
is induced at the inner surface and +q at the outer surface of the shell)

SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTION CARRYING 3 MARKS EACH

1. Define electric flux. Is it a scalar or a vector quantity? A point charges q is at a distance
of d/2 directly above the centre of a square of side d. Use Gauss' law to obtain the
expression for the electric flux through the square. (b) If the point charge is now moved
to a distance 'd' from the centre of the square and the side of the square is doubled,
explain how the electric flux will be affected.
Ans Electric flux is defined as the number of electric filed lines crossing the per unit area. It
is scalar quantity. When cube is of side d and point charge q is at the centre of the cube
then the total electric flux due to this charge will pass evenly through the six faces of
the cube. So, the electric flux through one face will be equal to 1/6 of the total electric
flux due to this charge. i.e., Flux through 6 faces = q/ 0 Flux through 1 face = 1/6 x q/
0 (b) If we moved point charge d from centre and square side changes to 2d, still the
point charge can be imagined at the centre of a cube of side 2d. Again the flux through
one face of the cube will be 1/6 of the total electric flux due to the charge q. Hence, the
 electric flux through the square will not change and it will remain the same i.e., q/6∈o.
2. A sphereS1 of radius r1 encloses a net charge Q. If there is another concentric sphere S2 of
radius r2 (r2˃ r1) enclosing charge 2Q.
(i) Find the ratio of the electric flux through sphere S1 and S2.
(ii) How will the electric flux through sphere S1 change, if a medium of
dielectric constant 5 is introduced in the space inside S1 in place of air?

Ans (i) Ф1 = Q/εo, Ф2= 3Q/εo Ф1/Ф2 =1/3

ii) if a dielectric medium of dielectric constant 5 is inserted then
Ф1’ =Q/5εo= Ф1/5
Ans4. (i) total charge enclosed = Q+Q/2 = 3Q/2
So, Ф = 3Q/2ε0

ii) Statement of Gauss’s law along with mathematical expression

(iii) Force on charge at A, F = 3Q2/4πε0x2

4 Three point charges q, -4q and 2q are placed at the vertices of an equilateral triangle ABC
of side ‘ l’ as shown in the figure. Obtain the expression for the magnitude of the
resultant electric force acting on the charge q.

Find out the amount of work done to separate the charges at infinite distance.

Ans The magnitude of the resultant electric force acting on the charge q is given by

Fq=1/4πɛ₀[(-4q)(q)/l2+(2q)(q)/l2]

= -2q2/4πɛ₀l2

b. The work done to separate the charges at infinite distance = -potential energy of the
system

=1/4πɛ₀[(-4q)(q)/l+(2q)(q)/l+(-4q)(2q)/l] = +[10q2/4πɛ₀]

LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTION CARRYING 5 MARKS EACH

1 .(a) Define electric flux. Write its SI unit.
(b) The electric field components due to a charge inside the cube of side 0.1 m . Ex =
αx where α = 500 N/Cm
Ey = 0, Ez = 0
 Calculate (i) the flux through the cube, and (ii) the charge inside the cube.

2 Using Gauss’ s law deduce the expression for the electric field due to a uniformly
charged spherical conducting shell of radius R at a point (i) outside and (ii) inside the
shell. Plot a graph showing the variation of electric field as a function of r ˃ R and r ˂ R
(r being the distance from the centre of the shell).
3 a. Derive an expression for the electric field E due to a dipole of length ’2a’ at a point
distant r from the centre of the dipole on the axial line.
b. Draw a graph of E versus r for r>>a.
c. If this dipole were kept in a uniform external field E0, diagrammatically
represent the position of the dipole in stable and unstable equilibrium and
write the expressions for the torque acting on the dipole in both the cases.

4 Derive an equation for Capacitance of a capacitor with a dielectric slab of thickness t

placed inside.
5 Derive an expression for the electric field due to an electric diploe along its
 Axial line
 Equator