2024 Rulebook Chapter 7 the Competition 16feb

VII.
THE COMPETITION
7.01 ATP Fees
A. Entry Fees
1) ATP Tour Tournaments. There are no entry fees.
2) ATP Challenger Tour Tournaments. There are no entry fees.
B. Service Fee
1) Players who are included in the main draw or qualifying (singles or doubles) of
any ATP Tour tournament and who are not members in good standing with ATP
must pay the following service fee to ATP:
ATP Tour Masters 1000 Main Draw $400/€400 event Qualifying $100/€100
United Cup $350
ATP Tour 500 Main Draw $300/€300 event Qualifying $100/€100
ATP Tour 250 Main Draw $200/€200 event Qualifying $100/€100
2) The Tour Manager will identify players who must pay a service fee that will be
withheld from on-site prize money. Players who by virtue of their ranking position
are not eligible for an ATP player membership may use these payments as a
credit toward future membership fees. Service fees paid to ATP may only be
applied against membership dues in the calendar year in which they were paid.
C. Membership Fees
Membership fees are defined in the ATP By-Laws.
7.02 Entries
A. Gender / Age Limitation
ATP will use the age of a player on the first (1st) day of the qualifying competition.
Male players age sixteen (16) or older are not limited in the number of tournaments
they may enter. Players under the age of sixteen (16) are subject to the following
entry restrictions in ATP Tour or ATP Challenger Tour tournaments (includes entry as
a wildcard):
1) Male players under the age of fourteen (14) shall not be eligible for entry into any
ATP Tour or ATP Challenger Tour tournament.
2) Male players aged fourteen (14) shall be eligible for entry into a maximum of
eight (8) ATP Tour or ATP Challenger Tour tournaments.
3) Male players aged fifteen (15) shall be eligible for entry into a maximum of twelve
(12) ATP Tour and ATP Challenger Tour tournaments.
4) Transgender Athlete Participation. A trans male (FTM) athlete who has re-
ceived a medical exception for treatment with testosterone* for diagnosed Gen-
der Identity Disorder or gender dysphoria and/or Transsexualism, for purposes
of competition may compete on the ATP Tour or ATP Challenger Tour. A trans
male (FTM) athlete who is not taking testosterone related to gender transition
may also participate in ATP Tour or ATP Challenger Tour events.
*Must have a valid TUE from the Tennis Anti-Doping Program.
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VII. THE COMPETITION
7.03 Entry Deadlines
A. Main Draw/Qualifying Singles
The deadline for entries and withdrawals for the singles main draw is as follows:
1) ATP Tour Tournaments. 12 Noon, Eastern Time, USA, twenty-eight (28) days
prior to the Monday of the tournament week (or the first tournament week in the
case of tournaments scheduled for more than one (1) week). A player on the alter-
nate list for the singles main draw may withdraw at any time prior to such time that
he is moved into the main draw as a direct acceptance because of withdrawals of
other players. A player who moves in from the alternate list will be considered a
Direct Acceptance from Thursday, 10 AM Eastern Time, USA.
2) ATP Tour Qualifying. 12 Noon, Eastern Time, USA, twenty-one (21) days prior
to the first Monday of the tournament week. A player on the Alternate List for the
singles qualifying may withdraw at any time prior to such time that he is moved
into the qualifying as a Direct Acceptance from Thursday, 10 AM Eastern Time,
USA. A player directly accepted into the qualifying competition may withdraw,
without penalty, if he is moved into the main draw, or accepts a wild card into an
ATP Tour 250 or ATP Tour 500 tournament, or if he is still competing in an ATP
Tour, ATP Challenger Tour, or ITF Men’s WTT tournament at any time on the day
prior to the commencement of qualifying or two days prior if competing on another
continent. Once a player has lost his match in the preceding week’s tournament,
he must confirm to the Supervisor or Player Relations staff no later than one (1)
hour following the completion of the match if he will compete in the following
week’s Qualifying or will withdraw with “still competing”, except for those players
who have decided to remain on the qualifying list as outlined below.
If a player is still competing past the qualifying sign in deadline, he may choose to
remain on the qualifying list of the following week’s tournament if the player can
reasonably travel and arrive on time to compete at the qualifying event as deter-
mined by the supervisor. For the avoidance of doubt, the Supervisor should use
great discretion when making such determination. Unless clearly impossible to
arrive on-time for the next week’s tournament, players should be given the benefit
of the doubt. If he chooses to remain on the qualifying list and loses at the current
event after the qualifying draw is made (and did not withdraw himself before the
qualifying alternate sign in deadline) he is committed to play the qualifying and
will be subject to applicable late withdrawal penalties if he withdraws. Players
who are still competing past 9:00 p.m. local time and who cannot reasonably
attend the following week’s event due to the location of the current event where
they are still competing or who choose not to remain on the qualifying list will be
automatically withdrawn from the qualifying at this time. Players who withdraw
or are withdrawn due to “still competing” will be allowed to accept a wild card or
enter doubles into any ATP Tour 250, ATP Tour 500, ATP Challenger Tour or ITF
Men’s WTT tournament, including qualifying. If a withdrawal occurs prior to 10
AM, Eastern Time, USA, on Friday, the qualifying vacancy shall be filled by the
next player on the qualifying alternate list. This player is not required to sign in. If
a withdrawal occurs after 10 AM, Eastern Time, USA, on Friday, the qualifying va-
cancy will be filled from the on-site sign-in list, using the most recent Pepperstone
ATP Rankings list. Main draw vacancies will be filled from the main draw alternate
list, not the qualifying acceptance list.
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NOTE: For ATP Tour qualifying tournaments, withdrawals occurring after 10 AM
Eastern Time USA and prior to the draw* will be filled from that night’s alternate
sign-in. Vacancies occurring after the release of the qualifying draw, will be filled
from the next day’s on-site alternate list. Players must personally sign-in to be
eligible as an on-site alternate.
* For events in a time zone where the qualifying draw is made prior to 10 AM Friday,
Eastern USA, vacancies occurring after the Qualifying Alternate sign-in deadline
but prior to the qualifying draw shall be filled from that night’s alternate sign-in.
May I Accept a Wild Card after Withdrawing from an ATP Tour
Qualifying?
Case: A player was still competing in a Challenger on the day
before Qs started at an ATP Tour event. He wanted to withdraw
from the Qs due to “still competing” and then take a wild card into a
Challenger event. Is this allowed?
Decision: Yes. The rule states that he may withdraw without
penalty from the qualifying if he is still competing on the day prior
to the commencement of the qualifying. By withdrawing due to“still
competing”, he is allowed to accept a wild card.
Case: Can a player who is still competing the previous week on
Thursday or Friday (on the same continent*), or on Wednesday (on
a different continent*) be signed in over the phone as a Qualifying
Alternate for the following week’s event (Saturday Qualifying start)?
Decision: Yes, a player who is still competing the previous week on
Thursday or Friday (on the same continent*), or on Wednesday (on
a different continent*) can be signed in by the Supervisor over the
phone if he has lost before the Qualifying Alternate sign-in dead-
line. Players who lose after the release of the qualifying draw must
personally sign-in on-site the next day to be eligible as an on-site
alternate.
*Continents are: Europe, Asia, Antarctica, Australia, Africa, North
America (including Central America) and South America.
Case: If a player is competing in an event (including Davis Cup)
that finishes on the day of the Qualifying Alternate sign-in for the fol-
lowing week’s event, can he be signed in as a Qualifying Alternate,
even though he may be competing past the Qualifying Alternate
sign-in deadline?
Decision: Yes. Since the event finishes on the day of the Qualifying
sign-in deadline, the player may be signed in as a Qualifying Alter-
nate for the following week’s event.
From Q to Main Draw of another event
Case: May a player who is a direct acceptance to an ATP Tour
qualifying event be withdrawn to move into the main draw of an ATP
Tour 250 or ATP Tour 500 event as a Direct Acceptance or Wild
Card which is held in the same week?
Decision: Yes, as long as the first ball of the qualifying at the tour-
nament where he is in the qualifying draw has not been struck.
Case: May a player withdraw BDA from the main draw alternate list
of an ATP Tour Event and remain on and/or play the Qualifying of
the same event?
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Decision: Yes, unless he would have moved into the main draw of
that event, had he not withdrawn. A player may not turn down this
main draw position to play the qualifying of that event.
Case: May a player who is accepted to play qualifying in an ATP
Challenger Tour Tournament, ATP Tour 250 or ATP Tour 500 be
withdrawn to move into the main draw singles of an ATP Tour 250 or
ATP Tour 500 event as a Direct Acceptance or as a Wild Card which
is held the same week?
Decision: Yes, as long as the first ball of the qualifying at the tour-
nament where he is in the qualifying draw has not been struck.
Withdrawing from Qualifying to play Main Draw Doubles at
another event.
Case: May a player who is direct acceptance in the singles qualify-
ing event of an ATP Challenger, ATP Tour 250 or ATP Tour 500 enter
through the Advance Entry system and become a direct acceptance
into the main draw doubles of another ATP Tour 250 or ATP Tour
500 event which is held the same week?
Decision: No. Once a player enters and is accepted into the
Qualifying of an ATP Tour or ATP Challenger Tour Tournament, he is
committed to that tournament unless he moves into the main draw
singles of another ATP Tour event. However, a player who com-
petes and loses in the singles qualifying competition may enter the
doubles event of any tournament, provided he has lost prior to the
respective tournament’s on-site doubles sign-in deadline.
Withdrawing from Qualifying to play Main Draw Doubles at the
same event.
Case: May a player who is included in the singles qualifying event
of an ATP Challenger Tour Tournament, ATP Tour 250 or ATP Tour
500 and is forced to withdraw, be allowed to come back and play
doubles at the same event?
Decision: Yes
3) ATP Challenger Tour Tournaments. 12 Noon, Eastern Time, USA, twenty-one
(21) days prior to the Monday of the tournament week. A player on the Alternate
List for the singles main draw may withdraw at any time prior to such time that he
is moved into the main draw as a direct acceptance because of withdrawals of
other players. A player who moves in from the alternate list will be considered a
Direct Acceptance from Thursday, 10 AM Eastern Time, USA.
If a withdrawal/vacancy occurs after the withdrawal deadline and prior to the start
of Qualifying, the vacancy will be filled in ranking order from the original main draw
Acceptance List by players who have preserved their position on the list. Players
from the main draw alternate list who are directly accepted into the qualifying, are
considered to have preserved their eligibility. A player can only preserve his eligi-
bility on one list. If there are no alternates from the original main draw acceptance
list who have preserved eligibility, the vacancy will be filled by the highest ranked
player from the qualifying or alternate list using the Pepperstone ATP Rankings,
and then Pepperstone ATP Doubles Rankings, used for seeding.
After the start of the qualifying, any vacancy will come from the Lucky Loser/ Al-
ternate list. The Alternates will be placed below the players who lost in qualifying
and shall be ordered based upon their position in the Pepperstone ATP Rankings,
and then the Pepperstone ATP Doubles Rankings, used for seeding.
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NOTE: In order to preserve his eligibility on the Acceptance List, the player must
email the ATP Supervisor directly prior to 6PM local time on the day before quali-
fying starts (email listed on detail sheet) and personally inform the Supervisor that
he wishes to preserve his position on the Acceptance List and the player must
leave a contact number. The player should ask for confirmation that the Super-
visor has received the email in a timely manner. A player can only preserve his
eligibility on one list.
4) ATP Challenger Tour Qualifying.
12 Noon, Eastern Time, USA, on Wednesday, nineteen (19) days prior to the first
Monday of the tournament week for ATP Challenger Tour. A player on the Alter-
nate List for the singles qualifying may withdraw at any time prior to such time that
he is moved into the qualifying as a Direct Acceptance because of withdrawals
of other players. A player who moves in from the alternate list will be considered
a Direct Acceptance from Thursday, 10 AM Eastern Time, USA. A player directly
accepted into the qualifying competition may withdraw, without penalty, if he is
moved into the main draw, or accepts a wild card into a Challenger, ATP Tour
250 or ATP Tour 500 tournament, or if he is still competing in an ATP Tour, ATP
Challenger Tour, or ITF Men’s WTT tournament at any time on the day prior to the
commencement of qualifying or two days prior if competing on another continent.
Once a player has lost his match in the preceding week’s tournament, he must
confirm to the Supervisor or Player Relations staff no later than one (1) hour
following the completion of the match if he will compete in the following week’s
Qualifying or will withdraw with “still competing”, except for those players who
have decided to remain on the qualifying list as outlined below.
If a player is still competing past the qualifying sign in deadline, he may choose to
remain on the qualifying list of the following week’s tournament if the player can
reasonably travel and arrive on time to compete at the qualifying event as deter-
mined by the supervisor. For the avoidance of doubt, the Supervisor should use
great discretion when making such determination. Unless clearly impossible to
arrive on-time for the next week’s tournament, players should be given the benefit
of the doubt. If he chooses to remain on the qualifying list and loses at the current
event after the qualifying draw is made (and did not withdraw himself before the
qualifying alternate sign in deadline) he is committed to play the qualifying and
will be subject to applicable late withdrawal penalties if he withdraws. Players
who are still competing past 9:00 p.m. local time and who cannot reasonably
attend the following week’s event due to the location of the current event where
they are still competing or who choose not to remain on the qualifying list will be
automatically withdrawn from the qualifying at this time. Players who withdraw
or are withdrawn due to “still competing” will be allowed to accept a wild card or
enter doubles into any ATP Tour 250, ATP Tour 500, ATP Challenger Tour or ITF
Men’s WTT tournament, including qualifying. If a withdrawal occurs prior to 10
AM, Eastern Time, USA, on Friday, the qualifying vacancy shall be filled by the
next player on the qualifying alternate list. This player is not required to sign in. If
a withdrawal occurs after 10 AM, Eastern Time, USA, on Friday, the qualifying va-
cancy will be filled from the on-site sign-in list, using the most recent Pepperstone
ATP Rankings list. Main draw vacancies will be filled from the main draw alternate
list, not the qualifying acceptance list.
NOTE: For the purposes of this rule, the Continents are: Europe, Asia, Antarctica,
Australia, Africa, North America (including Central America) and South America.
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Time. The ATP Challenger Alternate Sign-in shall begin no later than 4 p.m. and
close at 6 p.m. local time on the day prior to the start of the qualifying competition.
There shall also be an Alternate sign-in on the day of first round qualifying play,
this deadline is one-half hour prior to the first scheduled qualifying match. This
is a new sign-in and any player who is on-site with a Pepperstone ATP Ranking
(singles/doubles) is eligible to sign-in.
Case: Can a player who is a direct acceptance in the qualifying of a
Challenger tournament, preserve his eligibility at another Challenger
tournament?
Decision: No. A player is considered to have preserved his eligi-
bility only at the tournament where he is a Direct Acceptance into
qualifying. He cannot withdraw and preserve eligibility at another
event unless the withdrawal was for “still competing”. However, he
can withdraw and preserve his eligibility at the same event where he
was a Direct Acceptance into qualifying.
5) If a tournament date, site or surface is changed; it is the player’s responsibility to
withdraw from the event on or before the new entry/withdrawal deadline if he does
not wish to play.
6) Late Entries.
Any player who submits an entry after the deadline may only be accepted into the
singles main draw as a wild card, qualifier, or as a special exempt (if eligible).
7) Emergency Situations.
ATP Tour 250 Events
a) Tournaments shall qualify for one (1) emergency substitution if the following
conditions exist:
i) Two (2) of the tournament’s top four (4) ranked players on the original
acceptance list withdraw; and
ii) One (1) of the withdrawals involves the first highest or second highest
ranked player; and
iii) The substitute player (1) meets a minimum of one (1) of the following
criteria:
1. A former top 20 player on the Pepperstone ATP rankings within the
previous 5 years from the tournament date.
2. Past tournament champion.
3. A current player ranked in the top 5 on the current ITF International
Junior Ranking.
4. A current player ranked in the top 2 of the host country official Nation-
al Junior Ranking.
Substitute players meeting any of the criteria listed above must be ranked
500 or better in the most recent Pepperstone ATP Singles Ranking.
The withdrawals and substitution must occur within the period beginning
on the Monday prior to the start of the event week and ending at 10 AM,
Eastern Time, USA, on the Friday before the event week, or if the second
withdrawal occurs between 9:00 AM and 10 AM, Eastern Time, USA on
the Friday before the event the deadline for naming a qualified substitute
shall be extended by one (1) hour. During this one hour period all lists will
be held awaiting a final cut-off for the affected event. If no substitution is
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made within this defined time period, then the next player on the accep-
tance list shall be moved into the main draw.
b) The tournament shall pay prize money equal to that paid first-round losers
to each player who would have been a direct acceptance if not for the late
substitution. This payment shall not apply in the case where the player gained
entry into a main draw singles, at any event, by other means.
B. Main Draw Doubles
1) ATP Tour Tournaments
a) Advance Entry. 12 Noon, Eastern Time, USA, fourteen (14) days prior to the
Monday of the tournament week (or the first tournament week in the case of
tournaments scheduled for more than one (1) week). A team on the alternate
list for the doubles main draw may withdraw at any time prior to such time
that they are moved into the main draw as a direct acceptance because of
withdrawals of other teams.
b) Withdrawal Deadline. The deadline for a team to withdraw from the ad-
vanced entry list closes at 10 AM, Eastern Time, USA, on the Friday prior to
the tournament week.
c) On-site Entry. The period for online on-site entries opens at 12:01 am, East-
ern Time, USA on the Friday prior to the tournament week and closes at 3:00
pm Eastern Time, USA on the Friday prior to the tournament week. The online
sign-in is blind and no preliminary lists will be produced. Players entering
multiple events in the same week must do so with the same partner and shall
designate tournaments by priority. The on-site entry process will populate an
Alternate List for vacancies occurring after the tournament withdrawal dead-
line and prior to the doubles draw being made.
2) ATP Challenger Tour Tournaments
a) Advance Entry. 12 Noon, Eastern Time, USA, seven (7) days prior to the
Monday of the tournament week unless otherwise authorized by ATP. Play-
ers entering multiple events in the same week must do so with the same
partner and shall designate tournaments by priority.
b) Withdrawal Deadline. The deadline for a team to withdraw from the ad-
vanced entry list closes at 10 AM, Eastern Time, USA, on the Friday prior to
the tournament week.
c) On-site Entry. The on-site sign-in deadline for doubles shall be 12 Noon local
time on the Saturday prior to the first day of the tournament unless otherwise
authorized by ATP. The number of places available through the on-site entry
is specified in the Composition of Draws (7.08 D. 3)) plus any spots made
available through withdrawals occurring after the advance doubles entry
deadline. Teams who did not enter through the on-site sign-in and teams
where one member of the team is eligible to re-pair following the withdrawal
of his partner are eligible* to sign the daily alternate sign-in and are placed
below those teams on the alternate list who did enter through the on-site sign-
in method.
*To be eligible, alternate teams who did not enter through the on-site protocol
must sign-in on the first day of the doubles competition.
3) The doubles sign-in record shall be available for player sign-in at a reason-
able time prior to the sign-in deadline.
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C. Qualifying Doubles
1) ATP Tour 500
The size of the draw is four (4) with two (2) seeds. The composition of the doubles
qualifying draw will be the first three (3) teams from the entry list plus one (1) wild
card team. All matches will be played as two tie-break sets, no-ad scoring with a
match tie-break at one set all. Qualifying matches are to be held on the Saturday
/ Sunday prior to the start of main draw, as determined by the Supervisor and Tour
Manager. Teams shall receive hospitality. Rooms for doubles qualifying players
shall be available beginning on Saturday and continue through the night of their
last match.
Points. The qualifying team shall receive 45 ranking points. The team losing in
the final round of qualifying shall receive 25 ranking points*.
*Teams receiving a first round Bye and subsequently losing in the final round
receive no points.
There is no doubles qualifying at ATP Challenger tour events.
D. Entry Deadline Extensions
ATP may extend the deadline for entries and/or withdrawals when unforeseen cir-
cumstances arise.
7.04 Entry/Withdrawal Method

A player may enter a Grand Slam, ATP Tour or ATP Challenger Tour tournament
through a written entry form or other alternatives available to ATP player members.
For entry into an ATP Tour or ATP Challenger Tour main draw or qualifying singles
and doubles, the player must be an ATP Player Member or an ATP Registered Player.
Wild Cards are exempt from this provision.
ATP Tour 250 Main Draw Singles Late Entry (LE) Spot:
A Late Entry spot is a reserved position (one) in each ATP 250 tournament. Only
players with a ranking better than the original tournament entry list cut are allowed to
enter. The entry deadline for this spot is Thursday, 10 AM Eastern Time, USA prior to
the Monday of the tournament week. At this deadline, the position will be filled by the
highest ranked player who entered using the Pepperstone ATP Rankings (Singles)
used for tournament entries twenty-eight (28) days prior to the Monday of the tourna-
ment week. If there are no entries for the LE spot by the deadline, then the position
in the main draw goes to the next eligible player on the entry list.
ATP Next Gen Programme
Players born in 2004 or later will be eligible for the Programme in 2024. Players who
begin the season aged 20&U and turn 21 in 2024 will not be considered for the Pro-
gramme. Starting from 01 January 2024, playing opportunities for players aged 20
& under who break into the Top 250 & 350 of the Pepperstone ATP Rankings will be
reserved as follows:
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• Players who break into the Top 350 and are aged 20 & under will be eligible to
receive up to 8 CH 100 & 125 Opportunities in a calendar year.
• Players who break into the Top 250 and are aged 20 & under will be eligible to
receive up to 1 ATP 250 Main Draw Singles & 2 ATP 250 Qualifying opportunities
each week with three ATP level events on the calendar in addition to their Chal-
lenger opportunities.
Draw spots will be reserved and will drop to the next highest-ranked player should
they not be utilized
Junior Accelerator Spots (JAS)
Junior Accelerator Spots are awarded at the Challenger level to the Junior players
who are ranked 1-20 in the year-end ITF Junior Rankings, Singles Junior Grand Slam
Champions, and Finalists.
• Challengers 50 and 75 - Junior Accelerator Spot can be awarded to up to two (2)

players in every Main Draw (eligible Junior players ranked 1-10 and Junior Grand
Slam Champions) and to up to two (2) players in every Qualifying (eligible Junior
players ranked 11-20 and Singles Junior Grand Slam Finalists) of Challenger 50 and
75 tournaments.
Each Junior player ranked 1-10 and Junior Grand Slam Champion shall be eligible
for up to eight (8) total Main Draw opportunities, with a maximum of four (4) uses per
six (6) months. Each player ranked 11-20 and Junior Grand Slam Finalist shall be
eligible for up to eight (8) total Qualifying opportunities, with a maximum of four (4)
uses per six (6) months.
Any Junior Accelerator Spot will be determined at the relevant Challenger Main Draw
or Qualifying Entry Deadline.
College Accelerator Spots (CAS)
College Accelerator Spots are awarded at the Challenger level to the College players
who are ranked 1-20 in the season-end Intercollegiate Tennis Association (ITA) Col-
legiate Tennis Rankings, as well as individual NCAA Division I Tennis Championships
quarterfinalists.
• Challengers 50 and 75 - College Accelerator Spots can be awarded to up to two

(2) players in every Main Draw (eligible College players ranked 1-10 and individual
NCAA DI Champion) and to up to two (2) players in every Qualifying (eligible College
players ranked 11-20 and individual NCAA DI quarterfinalists) of Challenger 50 and
75 tournaments.
Players who have finished College education – defined as any player who has ob-
tained a College degree or who has stopped college education for the pursuit of full-
time competition on the professional tennis circuit – shall be eligible for the following
opportunities:
i) Players ranked 1-10 in the season-end singles ITA Collegiate Tennis Ranking and
NCAA Division I Champion shall be eligible for up to eight (8) Accelerator Spots
over twelve (12) months at Challenger Main Draw, with a maximum of four (4)
uses per six (6) months, starting July 1, 2023.
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ii) Players ranked 11-20 in the season-end singles ITA Collegiate Tennis Ranking
and NCAA Division I quarter-finalists shall be eligible for up to eight (8) Accelera-
tor Spots over twelve (12) months at Challenger Tour Qualifying, with a maximum
of four (4) uses per six (6) months, starting July 1, 2023.
Players who remain in College education – defined as any player who is scheduled
to return to College in the following semester - shall be eligible for the following op-
portunities:
i) Players ranked 1-10 in the season-end singles ITA Collegiate Tennis Ranking and
NCAA Division I Champion shall be eligible for up to six (6) Accelerator Spots at
Challenger Main Draw over six (6) months, starting July 1 2023, through to the
last week of Challenger events in the season.
ii) Players ranked 11-20 in the season-end singles ITA Collegiate Tennis Ranking
and NCAA Division I quarter-finalists shall be eligible for up to six (6) Accelerator
Spots at Challenger Qualifying over six months, starting July 1, 2023, through to
the last week of Challenger events in December.
Any College Accelerator Spot will be determined at the relevant Challenger Main
Draw or Qualifying Entry Deadline.
A. Main Draw - Singles

1) No player shall be considered entered or withdrawn from an *ATP Tour Masters
1000, ATP Tour 500**, ATP Tour 250 or ATP Challenger Tour tournament unless
his written entry or written withdrawal is received on or before the entry or with-
drawal deadline by a player relations staff member, ATP Supervisor or through the
PlayerZone. A player must have entered in order to be moved into the main draw
as a direct acceptance because of the withdrawals of other players. For each ATP
Tour Masters 1000 tournament, players with a Pepperstone ATP Rankings posi-
tion that qualifies them as a direct acceptance or alternate, shall be automatically
entered by ATP.
* For the mandatory ATP Tour Masters 1000 tournaments, this section is applicable
for withdrawals only as entries are automatic. If a withdrawal is made prior to the
Acceptance List being published, any player directly accepted as a result of that
withdrawal will be considered a Direct Acceptance once the list is published.
** Commitment players are automatically accepted into the main draw of all ATP
Tour 500 events in which they have entered in a proper manner.
2) Once a player enters he is subject to all the withdrawal provisions.
3) Withdrawals, retirements or defaults during an ATP Tour or ATP Challenger Tour
tournament must be made through the Supervisor.
B. Main Draw - Doubles

1) Advance Entry – ATP Tour Only
a) No team shall be considered entered or withdrawn from an ATP Tour tourna-
ment* unless their written entry or written withdrawal is received on or before
the entry or withdrawal deadline by a player relations staff member or ATP
Supervisor. A team must have entered in order to be moved into the main
draw as a direct acceptance because of the withdrawals of other players.
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b) Once a team enters they are subject to all the withdrawal provisions.
*The top 13 teams from the final 2023 ATP Doubles Team Rankings shall
receive automatic Direct Acceptance into the first 5 Masters 1000 events in
the 2024 season (if not included as a Direct Acceptance on their own merit).
To qualify for automatic acceptance a team must have competed as a team
in 11 ATP Tour or Grand Slam events during the 2023 season. A player can
only be eligible on one team.
For each of the remaining four (4) Masters 1000 events, the top 13 teams in
the Team Race at the advanced entry deadline for that event, shall receive
automatic Direct Acceptance into that Masters 1000 event (if not included as
a Direct Acceptance on their own merit). A player can only be eligible on one
team.
To qualify for automatic acceptance into the first 5 Masters 1000 events a
team must have competed together as a team in each week of the 2024
season where both players were playing doubles in that week. The exception
would be when they were both involved in the singles of different events.
To qualify for automatic acceptance into the final 4 Masters 1000 events, a
team must compete together as a team in each week of the 2024 season
where both players were playing doubles in that week. The exception would
be when they were both involved in the singles of different events.
2) On-Site Entry - ATP Tour - See 7.03 B. 1) c)

On-Site Entry - ATP Challenger Tour Tournaments
a) No team shall be accepted for on-site entry into the doubles event unless one
player of the team personally signs the on-site entry list unless subsection d)
applies.
b) If neither player of the team is able to sign the list then such team may enter
the doubles event by submitting a written entry to ATP or by personally con-
tacting the Tour Manager or Supervisor at the tournament he wants to play.
c) Written entries submitted by a player(s) who is not on-site and who has not
been able to talk to the Tour Manager or Supervisor, must be received by the
on-site Supervisor prior to the deadline.
d) The Tour Manager or Supervisor may sign-in and enter doubles teams.
e) Each member of a team wishing to enter the doubles event must be either an
ATP Player Member or an ATP Registered Player.
Emailed Doubles Entry
Case: The Supervisor/Referee is sent a doubles entry via email.
The email was not seen by the Supervisor/Referee until after the
entry deadline. The date/time of the email show that it was received
prior to the deadline. Is this a valid entry?
Decision: No. To be considered as a valid entry the official at the
site of the doubles event (Supervisor, Referee or Tour Manager)
must have actually viewed the email. The same decision would be
made on undelivered faxes or an entry left on voice mail.
Note: Proper procedure for any emailed or faxed entries would be
to ask for a confirmation from the person who the entry was sent.
Barring confirmation, you should make personal contact prior to the
entry deadline.
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C. Qualifying
Players may be entered in the main draw (singles or doubles) as qualifiers based on
their success in the respective qualifying competition.
1) Challenger. The ATP Challenger Alternate Sign-in shall begin no later than 4
p.m. and close at 6 p.m. local time on the day prior to the start of the qualifying
competition. There shall also be an Alternate sign-in on the day of first round
qualifying play, this deadline is one-half hour prior to the start of play on the day
of the qualifying competition.
2) ATP Tour.
a) Direct acceptances to ATP Tour qualifying are not required to sign-in.
b) The ATP Tour Qualifying Alternate sign-in shall begin no later than 4 p.m.
and close at 6 p.m. local time on the night prior to the start of the qualifying
competition (Friday night for a qualifying commencing on Saturday).
3) Challenger & ATP Tour. There shall also be an Alternate sign-in on the day of
first round qualifying play, this deadline is one-half hour prior to the first scheduled
qualifying match. This is a new sign-in and any player who is on-site and with a
Pepperstone ATP Ranking (singles or doubles) is eligible to sign-in.
Can I Play Both?
Case: A player is playing a doubles match on the Friday night
before a Saturday start to Qualifying that will not finish before 9 p.m.
local time at the following week’s tournament. The next tournament
is 2-3 hours traveling time and because the doubles semi-finals is
scheduled for Saturday night, it is feasible for the player to drive
between the two locations so that he could compete in the qualifying
singles and still play the doubles semi-final should he win on Friday
night. Can he remain a direct acceptance?
Decision: Yes. The Saturday night doubles match (which cannot
be a result of special scheduling) makes this possible for the player.
Appropriate penalties apply if the player does not appear for his
qualifying match or his doubles semi-final match, if he wins Friday
night.
Players Miss Sign-In
Case: Players cannot be at the Lucky Loser/Alternate sign-in on
time because of circumstances beyond their control. If the Supervi-
sor is satisfied that the players were not at fault, may he sign them
in?
Decision: No.
D. Sign-in Protocol:
All sign-ins (doubles, qualifying, alternates, lucky losers) must be done by phone
via text messaging or by email. Each entry must be received and viewed by the
on-site supervisor, or the designate listed on the official detail sheet, prior to the
deadline. The player is responsible for having his entry confirmed by the supervi-
sor or the designate listed on the official detail sheet.
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7.05 Withdrawal/Late Withdrawal Penalties
The following shall result when a player withdraws after the deadline from the singles
main draw of an ATP Tour or ATP Challenger Tour tournament:
A. A player shall be subject to the sanctions provided in the Player Code of Conduct.
B. If the withdrawal is from the singles main draw of an ATP Tour tournament, the player
shall be required to fulfill his obligations under the ATP Stars Program.
C. If the withdrawal occurs after 10 AM, Eastern Time, USA, on Friday before the tourna-
ment week or, in the case of doubles, after the on-site entry deadline, then the with-
drawal shall be considered a late withdrawal and shall also result in a late withdrawal
fine, unless the injury on-site examination provisions or player promotional activity
provisions apply as stated under repeal of penalties. In addition, in the case of a 96-
draw tournament, if the withdrawal occurs after the qualifying or main draw is made,
whichever comes first, the player shall receive a late withdrawal fine, unless the injury
on-site examination or player promotional activity provisions apply. Players included
in the draw that fail to appear on-site shall be classified as a late withdrawal.
Whom To Fine?
Case: Player A and player B agree to play doubles together in a
tournament, so player B signs the team in to play. On Monday,
player A withdraws from singles and consequently from doubles.
As player A does not come on-site for promotional activities, he is
aware that he will get a withdrawal penalty for singles. What penal-
ties apply to the doubles team?
Decision: Player A gets a fine for doubles while player B does not
as he is on-site.
D. No Play After Withdrawal

1) If a player withdraws after the entry/withdrawal deadline from the singles or dou-
bles event of a Grand Slam, ATP Tour, ATP Challenger Tour or the qualifying
competition of an ATP Tour/Challenger Tour tournament for any reason, he may
not play in any other tournament or special event during that tournament week.
2) If the withdrawal was for medical reasons then the player may enter and compete
in the doubles event of the same tournament provided he is determined by the
Supervisor, upon written medical advice, to be physically capable to compete on
a professional level of play.
3) No player may continue playing in an ATP Tour or ATP Challenger Tour tourna-
ment in singles or doubles after giving notice of withdrawal from a tournament
scheduled in a future week on account of injury, illness or other medical reason.
Players, however, may continue playing in that event if the withdrawal from the
future event was for non-medical reasons.
4) ATP TOUR: The exception to No Play after Withdrawal is the withdrawal of a
team accepted into the main draw of an ATP Tour tournament through the ad-
vance entry method due to one or both team members being accepted into the
main draw singles of another ATP Tour, ATP Tour Qualifying or ATP Challenger
Tour tournament. In this case, both players may enter a doubles competition,
together or separately, through the on-site entry method.
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ATP CHALLENGER TOUR: The exception to No Play after Withdrawal is
the withdrawal of a team accepted into the main draw of an ATP Challenger
Tour tournament through the advance entry method due to one or both team
members being accepted into the main draw singles of another ATP Tour,
ATP Tour Qualifying, ATP Challenger Tour tournament, ATP Challenger Tour
Qualifying or ITF WTT M25 or M15 main draw or qualifying tournament. In this
case, both players may enter a doubles competition, together or separately,
through the on-site entry method.
5) A violation of this section shall also be punishable by the provisions set forth in the
Code of Conduct.
Case: A player is a Direct Acceptance in a Grand Slam or Masters
1000 96-draw tournament and withdraws. Can he play an ATP
Challenger during the 2nd week of that tournament.
Decision: Yes as long as the withdrawal was prior to the start of
qualifying.
Case: A player is an alternate on an ATP Tour Qualifying list and
gets in and is inserted in the draw which is done before the official
withdrawal deadline due to the difference in time zones. Is he al-
lowed to withdraw once he is in the draw and play somewhere else?
Decision: When the player gets in the draw, he is automatically
withdrawn from any other qualifying event where he was an alter-
nate. He will be allowed to withdraw (up until the Thursday, 10 AM
commitment deadline) from the event where he got in and not be
penalized. However, he will only be allowed to play doubles at the
same event.
Case: May a player withdraw from a tournament where he is a Di-
rect Acceptance in singles or doubles (with his regular or protected
ranking) and then accept a wild card into the same tournament?
Decision: Yes, provided the withdrawal is prior to the withdrawal
deadline, a player may withdraw from a tournament and then accept
a wild card into the same tournament. For doubles, the wild card
must be with his original partner. He cannot accept a wild card
nor play in any other tournament or event in the same week as the
tournament he withdrew from. (Tour Policy)
Case: A player accepted in an ATP Tour, ATP Challenger Tour main
draw or ATP Tour Qualifying list using a PR withdraws prior to the
withdrawal deadline and accepts a WC into the same event. Does
this tournament count towards the total tournaments at which the
player can use his PR?
Decision: No, this tournament will not count towards the player’s
total of tournaments.
Case: A player withdraws from an ATP Tour tournament prior to the
Friday, 10 AM deadline with injury. He is allowed to play doubles in
the same event provided he is determined to be physically capable
to compete. Since he is coming on-site to play doubles, does he
have to do promotional activity?
Decision: No, however, he is required to complete his Stars re-
quirements if requested by ATP staff.
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Case: May a player withdraw BDA from the main draw alternate list
of an ATP Tour or Challenger event and play the Qualifying of the
same event?
Decision: Yes, unless he would have moved into the main draw of
that event, had he not withdrawn. A player may not turn down this
main draw position to play the qualifying of that event. He may,
however, play the Qualifying of a different event.
Challenger Cancels, Where can I Play?
Case: A player enters and is main draw of a Challenger on the
original Acceptance List. The Challenger cancels. The deadline
has now passed for entering another Challenger or 250 tournament
during the same week. What are the player’s options for competing
that week?
Decision: The player may sign in as an Alternate at any ATP Tour
or ATP Challenger Tour qualifying event the same week. Or he may
accept, if offered, a Wild Card at any Challenger or ATP Tour event.
He may not be inserted directly into the draw or placed on another
Acceptance List.
Options if Tournament Changes Surface after the Entry Dead-
line
Case: Can a player withdraw from the main draw and play else-
where during the same week if a tournament changes its surface
after the Acceptance List has come out?
Decision: The player may sign in for Qualifying at any event that
week or he may accept, if offered, a Wild Card at any Challenger or
ATP Tour event. He may not be inserted directly into the draw or
placed on another Acceptance List.
Case: A doubles team enters 4 Challenger tournaments in the
same week through phone or email. The team is accepted and
appears on two draws at the same time as well as the alternate lists
of the other 2 tournaments. Is the team allowed to withdraw from
one of the events it is accepted into and play at the other one?
Decision: No. The team is in violation of the One Tournament Per
Week and No Play After Withdrawal rules and will be withdrawn
from all tournaments that week.
Case: A player moves from the Alternate list into a Challenger Sin-
gles Main Draw at the 10 AM deadline on Friday before the event
and later appears in the draw. Not knowing that he is in the main
draw of a tournament already, the player requests and receives a
Main Draw wild card at another Challenger tournament the same
week and appears in the draw. Is the player allowed to withdraw
from one of the events and compete at the other one?
Decision: No. The player is in violation of the One Tournament
Per Week and No Play After Withdrawal rules and will be withdrawn
from both tournaments that week.
E. Withdrawals from the qualifying competition at ATP Tour/Challenger Tour tourna-

ments will be without penalty if one of the following occurs:
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1) Player is accepted into the main draw of ATP Tour Masters 1000, ATP Tour 500
or ATP Tour 250 tournament, or in the case of an ATP Challenger Tour qualifying
withdrawal, the main draw of another ATP Challenger Tour singles event.
2) Player is still competing in an ATP Tour, ATP Challenger Tour, or ITF Men’s WTT
tournament at any time on the day prior to the commencement of qualifying.
3) The first two (2) withdrawals are excused, thereafter, each withdrawal is subject
to a fine in accordance with article 8.03 B., Fines.
7.06 One Tournament Per Week and Exception

A. Regulation:
A player may only enter and compete in one Grand Slam, ATP Tour, ATP Challenger
Tour or special event during that tournament week. Once a player enters and is
accepted into the main draw of singles, doubles, or the qualifying competition, he is
committed to that tournament for the week, unless released by the Senior Vice Presi-
dent - Rules & Competition or Supervisor. A player who loses in the singles qualifying
competition may enter the doubles event of any tournament.
Case: May a team who enters and loses doubles qualifying at an
ATP 500 event on Saturday enter doubles in a Challenger for the
same week.
Decision: No. This would violate the provisions of the One Tourna-
ment Per Week rule.
B. Exception:
A player who has lost in a tournament may enter the qualifying for a tournament
scheduled for the next week*. The Supervisor may authorize a player who is still
competing in the main draw of a tournament in singles and/or doubles to enter the
qualifying for the next week’s ATP Tour and ATP Challenger Tour tournaments provid-
ed that no special scheduling by either tournament shall be required. In the event of
a conflict, he shall be withdrawn from such qualifying so as to compete in the singles
and/or doubles of the main draw tournament in which he is competing. In addition, if
the player does not appear for play as scheduled, there shall be an automatic fine.
*This does not apply to events in the same week as a Grand Slam qualifying event.
Players accepted into the qualifying of a Grand Slam event will not be allowed to
compete in any ATP Tour or ATP Challenger event (qualifying or main draw) held in
the same week.
7.07 Play-Up Regulation (ATP Challenger Tour Tournaments)

A. Restrictions - Challengers 75-125
1) Players positioned 1-10 in the Pepperstone ATP Rankings twenty-one (21) days
prior to the first Monday of the ATP Challenger Tour tournament are prohibit-
ed from entering, accepting a wild card and/or competing in an ATP Challenger
Tour tournament. Players who would have been, had they and all other players
entered, a direct acceptance on the original acceptance list for a Grand Slam
are prohibited from entering, accepting a wild card and/or competing in an ATP
Challenger Tour tournament in the first week of the Grand Slam tournament.
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2) Players positioned 11-50 (excluding Entry Protection ranking) in the Pepperstone
ATP Rankings twenty-one (21) days prior to the first Monday of the ATP Challeng-
er Tour tournament are prohibited from entering (with the exception of Challenger
175 category) but may receive an ATP-approved wild card in order to compete
in the Challenger tournament. The Challenger Supervisor will make wild card
determinations consistent with the limitations outlined below. Players positioned
11-50 are also prohibited from entering, accepting a wild card or competing in a
Challenger 75 tournament.
3) ATP Challenger Tour tournaments scheduled the same week as an ATP Tour tour-
nament may offer wild cards to players positioned 11-50 in the Pepperstone ATP
Rankings who have received approval from the ATP on-site Supervisor according
to the following breakdown:
ATP Challenger 125 up to (2) two wild cards
ATP Challenger 100 up to (1) one wild card
ATP Challenger 75 no wild card
4) ATP Challenger Tour tournaments not scheduled in the same week as ATP Tour
tournaments, or scheduled during the 2nd week of a Grand Slam, ATP Tour Mas-
ters 1000 96-draw tournaments may offer wild cards to players positioned 11-50
in the Pepperstone ATP Rankings who have received approval from the ATP on-
site Supervisor according to the following breakdown:
ATP Challenger 125 up to (3) three wild cards

ATP Challenger 100 up to (3) three wild cards
ATP Challenger 75 no wild card
NOTE: These restrictions apply only to singles draws.
B. Restrictions - Challenger 50
Players positioned 1-150 in the Pepperstone ATP Rankings twenty-one (21) days
prior to the first Monday of the ATP Challenger Tour tournament are prohibited
from entering Challenger 50 events. ATP Challenger 50 tournaments may offer
an ATP-approved wild card to players ranked 51-150 in the Pepperstone ATP
Rankings at the entry deadline who have received approval from the ATP on-site
Supervisor according to the following breakdown:
51-100 1 wild card limited to a player of the same

nationality as the event
101-150 1 wild card - no nationality restriction
Case: A player ranked between 11-50 asks for a wild card into an
ATP Challenger 100 and is denied by the tournament. The player
then signs in for the qualifying. Is he allowed to play qualifying?
Decision: He is allowed to play only if the tournament grants him
a wild card into the qualifying. The WC, however, will not count
against the maximum allowed number of 11-50 players for the
tournament.
Case: A player ranked 11-50 at the time of the entry deadline asks
for a wild card into an ATP Challenger 100 and is denied by the
tournament. The players ranking then drops below 50 and he signs
145
in for the qualifying. Is he allowed to play qualifying?
Decision: Yes. Since his ranking dropped below 50, he is allowed
to sign in and play qualifying and does not need a wild card.
Case: May a player who was ranked in the 11-50 range at the time
of the entry deadline into an ATP Challenger 75 event, but whose
ranking falls below this at the time of the qualifying sign-in, be
accepted into the event as a main draw or qualifying wild card or
sign-in for the qualifying event?
Decision: No. The rule under 7.07 A 2) states that these players are
prohibited from entering, accepting a wild card or competing in an
ATP Challenger 75 tournament.
7.08 The Draw

A. Minimum Draw Size
1) The singles draw size for ATP Tour Masters 1000 tournaments shall be:
ATP Tour Masters 1000 96 Draw
ATP Tour Masters 1000 / Outdoors 56 Draw
ATP Tour Masters 1000 / Indoors 48 Draw
2) With the exception of the Nitto ATP Finals, the minimum singles draw size for all
other ATP Tour tournaments is as follows:
ATP Tour 500 / Outdoors 32 Draw
ATP Tour 500 / Indoors 32 Draw
ATP Tour 250 / Indoors & Outdoors 28 Draw*
* ATP Tour tournaments may petition ATP for an increased size of the main draw.
The deadline for submitting the petition is six (6) months prior to Monday of the
tournament week.
3) Doubles draw sizes may be found under “Composition of Draws”.
B. Composition of Draws - ATP Tournaments

1) Main Draw Singles: The singles main draw shall be composed as follows:
a) ATP Tour Masters 1000 Tournaments:
Total Direct Wild Special

Accepted Acceptances Qualifiers Cards Exempts
48 38-39 6 3 0-1
56 44-45 7 4 0-1
96 78-79 12 5 0-1
b) ATP Tour 500 Tournaments:
Total Direct Wild Special
Accepted Acceptances Qualifiers Cards Exempts
32 23-25 4 3-4* 0-1
48 36-38 6 4-5* 0-1
56 42-44 7 5-6* 0-1
*Applies only for an A+ player from the region
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c) ATP Tour 250 Tournaments:
Total Direct Wild Special Late

Accepted Acceptances Qualifiers Cards Exempts Entry
28 18-20 4 3 0-2 1
32 22-24 4 3 0-2 1
48 37-39 4 4 0-2 1
56 44-46 4 5 0-2 1
NOTE: All ATP Tour 250 tournaments shall have a 16 draw qualifying regardless of
the size of the main draw.
One ATP NextGen Program spot will be reserved for ATP Tour 250 tournaments in
weeks where three ATP Tour tournaments are scheduled.
C. Composition of Draws - Challenger Tour Tournaments (unless otherwise ap-

proved by ATP)
1) Main Draw 32 Players
a) 21/19 Direct Acceptances based on Pepperstone ATP Ranking
b) 3 Wild Cards
c) 6 Qualifying Positions
d) 0-2 Special Exempts
e) 0-2 JAS/CAS
2) Qualifying is a 24-player event for 6 positions in the main draw
a) 18 Direct Acceptances based on most recent Pepperstone ATP Ranking.
b) 4 Wild Cards
c) 0-2 JAS/CAS
3) Vacancies
a) Any main draw vacancies occurring after the withdrawal deadline and prior
to the start of Qualifying will be filled in ranking order from the original main
draw acceptance list by players who have preserved their position on the
list. Players from the main draw alternate list who are directly accepted into
qualifying are considered to have preserved their eligibility. A player can only
preserve his eligibility on one list. If there are no alternates from the original
main draw acceptance list who have preserved eligibility, the vacancy will be
filled by the highest ranked player from the qualifying or alternate list using
the Pepperstone ATP Rankings, and then Pepperstone ATP Doubles Rank-
ings, used for seeding.
After the start of the qualifying, any vacancy will come from the Lucky Loser/
Alternate list. The Alternates will be placed below the players who lost in
qualifying and shall be ordered based upon their position in the Pepperstone
ATP Rankings, and then the Pepperstone ATP Doubles Rankings, used for
seeding.
NOTE: In order to preserve his eligibility on the Acceptance List, the player
must contact the ATP Supervisor directly prior to 6 PM local time on the day
before qualifying starts by phone via text messaging or by email (contact
details as listed on detail sheet) and personally inform the Supervisor that
147
he wishes to preserve his position on the Acceptance List and the player
must leave a contact number. The player should ask for confirmation that the
Supervisor has received the message/email in a timely manner. A player can
only preserve his eligibility on one list.
D. Composition of Draws - Doubles: The doubles main draw shall be composed as
follows:
1) ATP Tour 250/500 Tournaments: Direct Acceptances
Singles Doubles Direct Acceptances Wild

Draw Size Draw Size Advance Entry Cards
28/32 16 14* 2
48 16 14* 2
56 24 22* 2
*For ATP 500 - 1 from Qualifying
2) ATP Masters 1000 Tournaments: Direct Acceptances

96 32 29 3
56* 28 25 3
48* 24 22 2
*Optional Draw Size for ATP Masters 1000 56 & 48 Draw Singles

56 32 29 3
48 28 25 3
Total Direct Acceptances Wild

Accepted Advance Entry On-Site Cards
16 10 4 2
E. Qualifying
ATP Tour: The Alternate Sign In for ATP Tour singles qualifying shall begin no later
than 4 p.m. and close at 6 p.m. local time on the night prior to the start of the qualify-
ing competition (Friday night when qualifying commences on Saturday). There shall
also be an Alternate sign-in on the day of first round qualifying play, this deadline is
one-half hour prior to the first scheduled qualifying match. This is a new sign-in and
any player who is on-site and with a Pepperstone ATP Ranking (singles or doubles)
is eligible to sign-in. Once the qualifying competition has begun, only those players
148
who ultimately qualify and lucky losers may be accepted into the main draw. The
qualifying competition commences when the first ball of the first qualifying match is
struck.
ATP Challenger Tour. The on-site alternate sign-in shall begin no later than 4 p.m.
and close at 6 p.m. local time on the night prior to the start of the qualifying com-
petition. There shall also be an Alternate sign-in on the day of first round qualifying
play, this deadline is one-half hour prior to the first scheduled qualifying match. This
is a new sign-in and any player who is on-site and with a Pepperstone ATP Ranking
(singles or doubles) is eligible to sign-in. Qualifying vacancies occurring after the
withdrawal deadline - 10 AM, Eastern Time, USA on Friday shall be filled from the
on-site alternate sign-in using the most recent Pepperstone ATP Rankings.
Any main draw vacancies occurring after the withdrawal deadline and prior to the
start of Qualifying will be filled in ranking order from the original main draw accep-
tance list by players who have preserved their position on the list. Players from
the main draw alternate list who are directly accepted into qualifying are consid-
ered to have preserved their eligibility. A player can only preserve his eligibility on
one list. If there are no alternates from the original main draw acceptance list who
have preserved their eligibility, the vacancy will be filled by the highest ranked
Once the qualifying competition has begun, only those players who ultimately
qualify, lucky losers and eligible alternates may be accepted into the main draw.
The qualifying competition commences when the first ball of the first qualifying
match is struck. The Alternates will be placed below the players who lost in qual-
ifying and shall be ordered based upon their position in the Pepperstone ATP
Rankings, and then the Pepperstone ATP Doubles Rankings, used for seeding.
NOTE: For ATP Challenger Tour qualifying tournaments, withdrawals occurring
after 10 AM Eastern Time USA and prior to the draw* will be filled from that night’s
alternate sign-in. Vacancies occurring after the release of the qualifying draw, will
be filled from the next day’s on-site alternate list. Players must personally sign-in
to be eligible as an on-site alternate.
* For events in a time zone where the qualifying draw is made prior to 10 AM Fri-
day, Eastern Time USA, vacancies occurring after the Qualifying Alternate sign-in
deadline but prior to the qualifying draw shall be filled from that night’s alternate
sign-in.
1) Singles. ATP Tour Masters 1000 and ATP Tour 500 qualifying draw size will be
one-half (1/2) the size of the main draw. The qualifying size for all ATP Tour 250
tournaments shall be 16 with 4 qualifiers. The singles qualifying shall be com-
posed as follows:
a) ATP Tour Tournaments - Qualifying:
Total Accepted Direct Acceptances Wild Cards
16 13 3
16* 14 2
24 20 4
28 24 4
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48 43 5
* Denotes ATP Tour 250 Qualifying
b) ATP Challenger Tour Tournaments - Qualifying:
24 20 4
2) Doubles Competition. The doubles qualifying shall be composed as follows:
ATP Tour 500 Tournaments Qualifying:
4 3 1
7.09 Size and Method of Draw

A. Main Draw
1) Singles
a) 28 Competitors. A draw sheet with 32 places shall be used. After the seeds
and byes are placed, the remaining players, including the qualifiers, shall be
drawn and placed in the vacant spaces in the draw, beginning at the top of
the draw.
b) 32 or 64 Competitors. A draw sheet of 32 or 64 places shall be used. After
the seeds are placed, the remaining players, including the qualifiers, shall be
the draw.
c) 48 or 56 Competitors. A draw sheet with 64 places shall be used. After the
seeds and byes are placed, the remaining players, including the qualifiers,
shall be drawn and placed in the vacant spaces in the draw, beginning at the
top of the draw.
d) 96 Competitors. A draw sheet with 128 places shall be used. After the seeds
and byes are placed, the remaining players, including the qualifiers, shall be
the draw.
2) Doubles
a) The draw shall be for 16, 24 or 32 teams.
b) Placing of seeds and byes and the drawing of the remaining teams, including
qualifiers, shall be in accordance with the same principles used in the singles
main draw.
B. Qualifying Draw
The qualifying draw shall be made in sections, and the winner of each section shall
be given a place in the main draw, as determined by lot.
1) Singles
a) If four (4) qualifiers are required, there shall be four (4) sections; six (6) quali-
fiers, six (6) sections; and so on. The draw shall be seeded and the selection
of seeds shall be based on the most recent available and complete Pepper-
stone ATP Rankings list.
b) There shall be no pre-qualifying event; however, a tournament may conduct
a separate or local event to determine wild cards in the qualifying competition
150
or main draw, and unsuccessful participants in this event are eligible to be
considered for entry into the qualifying competition.
2) Doubles - ATP Tour 500
There shall be a four-draw event with one team qualifying.
Correct When Left Out of Draw
Case: After the qualifying draw has been made, it is discovered that
player A, who was properly entered, has been left out of the draw.
What is the procedure to correct this mistake?
Decision:
1. If player A is unseeded, replace the last direct acceptance in the
qualifying draw with player A in the draw. Follow this procedure if
play has begun unless the last direct acceptance has begun his first
match. If the last direct acceptance has started his first match then
no correction is to be made and player A is left out of the draw.
2. If player A is seeded, then if he is one of the top four (4) seeds he
replaces seed four (4) and then seed four (4) replaces seed eight
(8). Seed eight (8) then replaces the last direct acceptance. If player
A is to be seeded 5-8, then he shall replace seed eight (8) and
then seed eight (8) replaces the last direct acceptance. The same
principle is followed for larger qualifying draws where you have a
greater number of seeds. If play has begun, then the Supervisor
shall evaluate the impact upon the draw and correct when possible.
If the last direct acceptance has begun play, then no corrections are
possible.
Correcting an Error in Seeding
Case: After the event has begun, it is discovered that a tie between
2 seeded players or teams was not broken correctly. What action
may be taken?
Decision: If the players or teams involved in the error have not
played their first match, then the error in seeding may be corrected
by switching the positions of the affected players or teams.
Don’t Have Eight Seeds
Case: In a qualifying draw, there are only seven (7) players listed
in the Pepperstone ATP Rankings or the Pepperstone ATP Doubles
Rankings. Since there will not be an eighth seed, how are seeds 5-7
placed in the Draw?
Decision: Draw seeds 5, 6 and 7 for placement in sections 2,3 and
4.
Main Draw Seed for a Qualifier
Case: May a player who gains a place in the main draw by qualify-
ing be seeded in the main draw?
Decision: Yes. However, if the main draw is made prior to the com-
pletion of the qualifying, then the original seedings are final.
Who to Seed in singles Qualifying
Case: Seven (7) players listed in the Pepperstone ATP Rankings
sign in for the singles qualifying. Two (2) other players listed in the
Pepperstone ATP Doubles Rankings sign-in along with fifteen (15)
other players. How many and which players will be seeded?
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Decision: Eight (8) players. The seven (7) singles players and the
highest-positioned doubles player.
Player Pulled from ATP Tour 250 and 500 Qualifying
Case: An ATP Tour 500 and an ATP Tour 250 or a different ATP
Tour 250 or 500 event are being held the same week. Can a player
inside the original cut of the ATP Tour 250 or 500 qualifying list be
withdrawn in order to be moved into the main draw of the ATP Tour
250 or 500 or a different ATP Tour 500 or 250 event or accept a wild
card?
Decision: Yes.
7.10 Special Exempts (SE)

A. Eligibility
Players may receive a special exempt into the main draw of the following week’s
tournament if they meet the criteria and apply for it in a timely manner.
1) A player is eligible to receive a special exempt into the singles main draw of the
following week’s tournament, subject to the provisions of this section, if he is un-
able to compete in that qualifying competition because he is still competing on the
date the qualifying competition begins in another qualified event, and his current
ranking as of the date of the entry deadline would not have otherwise qualified
him as a direct acceptance on the original acceptance list if he had entered. In
addition, a player who is still playing a match at 9 p.m. local time at the qualifying
site, is eligible to receive a special exempt only if he wins that match.
a) A Qualified event for special exempt to an ATP Tour Masters 1000 tourna-
ment is the singles event of another ATP Tour Masters 1000, ATP Tour 500 or
Grand Slam tournament.
b) A Qualified event for special exempt to an ATP Tour 500 tournament is the
singles event of another ATP Tour 500, ATP Tour Masters 1000, ATP Tour
250* or Grand Slam tournament.
*The 250 event must be located in the same region as the 500 event, as
determined by ATP and specified in “Exhibit M”.
c) A Qualified event for special exempt to an ATP Tour 250 tournament is the
singles event of any ATP Tour 250, ATP Tour 500, ATP Tour Masters 1000 or
Grand Slam tournament.
d) A Qualified event for special exempt to an ATP Challenger Tour tournament
is the singles event of an ATP Tour or ATP Challenger Tour tournament within
the same geographic region, unless there are no Challengers in the same
region the following week. If there are no Challengers in the same region the
following week, then a qualified event would include all ATP Challenger Tour
events scheduled in the following week, regardless of region. (Definition of
Regions can be found in “Exhibit M”).
EXCEPTION 1: A player who has entered and been accepted into the quali-
fying draw of an ATP Tour tournament and has been withdrawn because he is
still competing in a Challenger or Tour event in the same region, will be add-
ed to the last position on the special exempt list of an ATP Challenger Tour
tournament scheduled for the next week, even though he would have been a
direct acceptance, had he entered the Challenger.
Note: EXCEPTION does not apply if player was Top 50 twenty one (21) days
prior to the first Monday of the Challenger.
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EXCEPTION 2: A player who has entered and been accepted into the qualify-
ing draw of an ATP Tour 500 tournament and has been withdrawn because he
is still competing in an ATP Tour event, will be added to the last position on the
special exempt list of an ATP Tour 250 tournament located in the same region
(as determined by ATP) if specific conditions are met. These conditions are:
i) He is qualified for a Special Exempt spot in the ATP Tour 500 event.
ii) Due to other qualified player(s) for the Special Exempt into the ATP Tour
500 event there is no Special Exempt available.
iii) The player’s ranking would have qualified him for the main draw of the
250 event, had he entered there instead of the 500 qualifying.
B. Number of Special Exempts
ATP Tour Masters 1000 and ATP Tour 500 tournaments shall have one (1) special
exempt. ATP Tour 250 and ATP Challenger Tour tournaments shall have two (2).
C. Selection of Special Exempt

1) If there are not sufficient special exempt places in the draw for applicants, the
players shall be selected according to their position on the most recent Pep-
perstone ATP Rankings list issued prior to the tournament or by their protected
ranking, except:
a) If he is a direct acceptance using his protected ranking, then he is not eligible
for a special exempt place, or
b) If he would have been a direct acceptance had he entered using his protected
ranking, then the protected ranking cannot be used to determine his position
on the special exempt list.
2) ATP Tour. If the special exempt places are not needed before the beginning of
the qualifying competition, the special exempt places shall be filled by additional
direct acceptances selected from the original acceptance list. Thus a player may
be pulled out of the qualifying before the first ball is hit and replaced by an alter-
nate list player.
3) ATP Challenger Tour. If the special exempt place is not needed prior to the 10
AM withdrawal deadline, the special exempt place shall be filled by an additional
direct acceptance selected from the original acceptance list. If the special exempt
place has not been determined at the deadline, and then following the 10 AM-
withdrawal deadline it is determined that the Special Exempt is not needed, the
additional direct acceptance shall be filled from the next player who has properly
preserved his eligibility on the original acceptance list for that event.
D. Special Exempt Process

1) A list of possible eligible players is compiled by the player relations department by
Wednesday/Thursday of the current week for the next week’s tournaments.
2) The list of eligible players is supplied to the supervisors where the players are
competing. The supervisors need to contact each player to inquire if the player
is interested in the special exempt position and then contact player relations im-
mediately following the player’s decision to remove himself from consideration for
any tournament for which he is eligible.
3) If the player is interested in an event, player relations coordinates with the super-
visors at both events until the SE positions are filled.
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4) If the main draw is to be made before a potential special exempt player plays on
Friday, then such place(s) shall be drawn in the same manner as qualifier, i.e.,
four qualifiers (“Q”) and one or two “SE” depending on whether there are one or
two possibilities. Each of the five or six slots are marked “Q/SE.” As soon as the
“SE” match results are known, either the “SE” or the next direct acceptance (if the
SE lost) is randomly drawn and inserted into the draw.
NOTE: The deadline for a player to declare his intent to accept a Special Exempt,
if eligible, is no later than one hour following the completion of the match that
qualified him for a Special Exempt. Once he has declared his intent to the Super-
visor or Player Relations staff, he must accept the Special exempt, if eligible, or
be subject to the applicable withdrawal/late withdrawal penalties.
5) If, on the day prior to the start of qualifying, a player does not finish his match by
nine (9) p.m. local time at the qualifying site and subsequently loses his match,
then he is not eligible to be signed in for qualifying or for a special exempt; how-
ever, he may receive a wild card from the tournament if it is known before the
qualifying draw that he has lost and that no special scheduling shall be required.
6) A player who does not appear after accepting a special exempt shall be treated
as an entered player and shall receive appropriate penalties.
Potential Special Exempt Playing at 9 p.m. Friday
Case: A player is competing in the singles event of a “qualified
event” on the night before the next week’s qualifying. If the player
wins, he will be eligible for a special exempt. His singles match,
however, will not be completed by 9 p.m. local time at the qualifying
site for the next week’s tournament. How does this affect the “com-
position of draws” at the next week’s tournament?
Decision: The special exempt slot in the main draw shall be left
available pending the result of the player’s match. The qualifying
draw should be made as required at 9 p.m. unless it is prudent to
wait up to an hour for the match result. If the player vying for the
special exempt loses, then the unused special exempt place shall
be filled by the next player on the original acceptance list*. If the
next player on the original acceptance list is in the qualifying draw,
then he shall be withdrawn and moves into the main draw. The
vacancy created in the qualifying draw shall be filled from the quali-
fying alternate list.
*For ATP Challenger Tour events, the vacancy is filled from the next
player on the Acceptance List who properly preserved his eligibility
at that event.
Potential Special Exempt Loses: After 9 p.m.
Case: A potential special exempt player loses his match at 9:15
p.m. on the night prior to the start of the qualifying competition and
he calls the qualifying sign-in site requesting that he be given a
wild card into the singles qualifying competition. May a wild card be
given to him for the next week’s tournament if the qualifying draw
has not been made?
Decision: Yes. The wild card belongs to the tournament, which may
give it to this player as long as the draw has not been made and
no special scheduling is required because of the travel plans of the
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player.
Potential Special Exempt Playing at Midnight On the Night Prior
to the Start of Qualifying
Case: Same situation as above, except that the player’s match is
still in progress after midnight. Does this make the player eligible
for a special exempt based on the fact that he was still competing
on the date the qualifying competition begins in another qualified
event?
Decision: No. For the purpose of the rule, competing on the date
the qualifying competition begins shall be defined as: “Starting or re-
suming a match as part of that day’s (normally Saturday) scheduled
program”. If the player wins the match, he is eligible to be consid-
ered for a special exempt position.
Special Exempt Awarded if Player Is in Semis?
Case: A tournament has a Saturday final and a player asks for a
special exempt after he wins his quarterfinal match on Thursday. Is
he eligible?
Decision: No. The player must be scheduled to play on Saturday
when the “qualifying begins”.
Case: A player is a potential special exempt for one or more
Challenger tournaments. Can he also preserve his eligibility on an
original acceptance list?
Decision: Yes. A player who is a possible special exempt may also
preserve his eligibility on an original acceptance list, however the
player may only preserve his eligibility on one list.
NOTE: If he preserves his eligibility on an original acceptance list
and gets in that main draw before he has completed his match for
the special exempt spot, he would be removed as a possible special
exempt. Conversely, if he wins his match and thus becomes the
special exempt before he is accepted in the main draw from the
original acceptance list, his name would be removed from eligibil-
ity on the original acceptance list. He is obligated to compete at
whichever tournament he gets in the main draw first. Before he is
accepted in the main draw from the original acceptance list, his
name would be removed from eligibility on the original acceptance
list. He is obligated to compete at whichever tournament he gets in
the main draw first.
Case: A player has won a position as a Special Exempt but he is
also next on the Acceptance List. After the draw is made, but prior
to the start of the qualifying competition, there is a late withdraw-
al and the player gets in due to the withdrawal. Does his status
change from SE to Direct Acceptance, thus allowing the Special Ex-
empt to go to the next player who earned the Special Exempt spot?
Decision: Yes, since the player ultimately got in because he was
next on the list, this frees up the Special Exempt for the next player
who earned it. If there are no Special Exempts, the list drops by the
applicable number of spots.
Am I kept on the Special Exempt List?
Case: A player expresses an interest in a Special Exempt spot prior
to the match that will qualify him for the position and becomes a
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possible Special Exempt. He does not contact the Supervisor or
Player Relations staff member to accept the Special Exempt within
one hour after the completion of the match that qualifies him. Is he
kept on the list of possible Special Exempts?
Decision: No. If the player does not contact the Supervisor or
Player Relations staff member no later than one hour following the
completion of the match that qualified him, to accept the Special Ex-
empt spot, he will be taken off the list of possible Special Exempts.
Must I Appear for Play After Accepting a Special Exempt?
Case: A player is listed as a possible Special Exempt and the
Supervisor confirms with him that he is interested in the spot. There
are other Special Exempt players ahead of him on the list of possi-
ble Special Exempts whose matches are scheduled after his. No
later than one hour after the match that qualifies him as a Special
Exempt, he informs the Supervisor or Player Relations staff member
that he accepts the Special Exempt spot. If the remaining possible
Special Exempt players ahead of him on the list lose their match-
es, thus earning him the Special Exempt spot, must he accept the
Special Exempt?
Decision: Yes. Because he had accepted the Special Exempt spot
within one hour after the match that qualified him, he is obligated to
accept the position and shall be treated as an entered player and be
subject to the appropriate penalties if he does not appear for play.
Case: Can a player with no ranking receive a Special Exempt if
otherwise eligible?
Decision: No. A player must have a singles ranking or a singles
protected ranking in order to be considered for a Special Exempt.
Case: May a player who has entered and been accepted into an
ATP Tour Qualifying draw starting on Sunday be considered for a
possible Challenger Special Exempt position for the following week?
Decision: Yes, however the player must decide on Friday within an
hour after winning his match whether he will accept the Challenger
SE or stay on the ATP Qualifying list. Should the player decide to
accept an available Challenger SE position, he will be withdrawn
from the ATP Qualifying with “still competing”.
7.11 Time of Draw

A. Main Draw
1) Singles. The tournament shall publicly make the singles draw no earlier than 10
AM Eastern Time, USA, on Friday prior to the Monday of the tournament week
and no later than 10 p.m. local time two (2) days before the first day’s play, unless
the tournament receives prior written permission from ATP. The time and place
of the draw shall be determined by the tournament. For events approved for a
Sunday start, the draw shall be made no earlier than 10 AM Friday, Eastern time
USA and no later than 12 noon local time the day prior to the start of the event.
2) Doubles. The draw for doubles is to be made as soon as possible after the on-
site entry deadline unless otherwise approved by the Supervisor. If the draw for
a tournament is played over eight (8) or more days, then the draw is to be made
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by midnight of the second day. Once the draw is finalized there can be no change
except for substitution. Doubles main draw matches shall not begin until all dou-
bles qualifying matches are completed unless approved by the Supervisor.
B. Qualifying
1) Singles – ATP Tour. The qualifying competition draw shall be made and the order
of play announced as soon as possible but no earlier than 6:00 pm local time on
the day prior to the start of the qualifying.
2) Singles – ATP Challenger Tour. The qualifying competition draw shall be made
and the order of play announced as soon as possible but no earlier than 6:00 pm
local time on the day prior to the start of the qualifying competition.
3) Doubles - ATP Tour 500. The qualifying competition draw shall be made and the
order of play announced as soon as possible following the sign-in deadline unless
otherwise determined by ATP.
7.12 Wild Cards

A. Regulations
1) Singles.
a) Wild cards are players included in the main draw at the sole discretion of the
tournament. Wild cards must be named at the time the draw is made. Wild
cards may be seeded. Tournaments may not receive compensation and play-
ers may not offer compensation in exchange for the awarding of a wild card.
b) A wild card is no longer eligible as an alternate at that event.
i) A main draw wild card may not be re-classified as a direct acceptance,
due to withdrawals, once the acceptance list is finalized (when the first
chip of the main draw has been drawn).
ii) A qualifying wild card is eligible to be moved into the main draw as a direct
acceptance, due to withdrawals, up to the start of the qualifying event.
c) Once a qualifying competition has commenced (first ball of the first qualifying
match is struck), an entered player may not be offered nor the player accept
a wild card into any tournament that week.
d) A tournament may not offer a wild card or accept the entry from any player
who has either accepted a wild card or been committed by an entry method
to another tournament in the same week.
2) Singles – ATP Tour 500
An additional Wild Card is awarded to the tournament with the following restric-
tions.
a) The Wild Card must be named no later than 10 AM, Eastern Time, USA on
the Friday before the event week; and
b) The player must be an A+ player as designated by that event’s region.
c) If the tournament does not use the additional Wild Card by the deadline then
the position in the main draw goes to the next eligible player on the entry list.
3) Doubles.
A tournament may not enter players as a wild card team without the consent of
both players. A wild card may be offered to any team that is not a direct accep-
tance on the original acceptance list after entries have closed. A wild card may
be offered to one player on an entered team if it is conditioned on his playing with
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a specific player. Wild cards must be named at the time the draw is made. Wild
cards may be seeded. Tournaments may not receive compensation and players
may not offer compensation in exchange for the awarding of a wild card.
B. Limitation
1) Singles. Players may accept up to five (5) main draw singles wild cards into ATP
Tour tournaments during any ATP Circuit Year. Wild cards shall only count toward
the annual limit if the player would have been a direct acceptance on the original
acceptance list. Additional exceptions are outlined below.
a) Players who cannot participate in ATP Tour tournaments and ATP Challenger
Tour tournaments for six (6) months because of a physical injury may petition
ATP for one additional wild card.
b) In the event that a player’s position in the Pepperstone ATP Rankings is
insufficient to make him a direct acceptance on the forty-two (42) day accep-
tance list, then he shall be released from his commitment to that tournament,
unless offered a wild card to the contract tournament within twenty-four (24)
hours of the entry deadline. Such wild card accepted by a player shall not
count in the player’s annual limitation of five (5) wild cards in singles.
c) Any player who becomes thirty-five (35) years of age by December 31 of an
ATP circuit year shall be exempt from the wild card limitation if he is:
i) A former singles Champion of a Grand Slam; or
ii) A former singles Champion of the ATP World Championships, Tennis
Masters Cup or Nitto ATP Finals; or
iii) A former No. 1 ranked player in the ATP Rankings prior to January 2000;
or
iv) A former No. 1 player in the year-end ATP Rankings.
d) Players may petition ATP for exceptions to these limitations.
2) Doubles. There shall be no limitations of doubles wild cards for players.
Two Chances
Case: Can a player who loses in the qualifying receive a wild card
into the main draw?
Decision: No.
Wild Card After ATP Tour Qualifying Withdrawal
Case: A player withdraws from the qualifying of an ATP Tour
tournament on Friday at any time because he is still competing in
an ATP Challenger Tour tournament. The player is offered a wild
card in another ATP Challenger Tour event to be held the following
week. May the player accept the wild card or do the provisions of
“No Play After Late Withdrawal” apply?
Decision: The player is allowed to accept the wild card. Because
the player was competing in a qualified event on the Friday, he
is allowed to withdraw from the ATP Tour qualifying event without
penalty and therefore it is not considered as a “Late Withdrawal”.
Wild Card Pulled from Challenger Qualifying
Case: After a Challenger qualifying draw has been made but before
that challenger qualifying competition has officially begun, may a
player who is included in that qualifying draw be offered and accept
a wild card into that or another tournament’s main draw?
Decision: Yes. As long as the qualifying competition has not begun
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(first ball is struck), a player may accept a wild card into the main
draw of any ATP Tour or ATP Challenger Tour tournament and be
withdrawn from that qualifying event. The vacancy created in the
qualifying shall be filled by an eligible alternate.
Unused Wild Cards
Case: A tournament elects not to use all of its main draw singles
wild cards. How are these spots filled?
Decision: If the qualifying has not begun, the next player on the
acceptance list is moved into the main draw. If qualifying has begun,
a lucky loser is to be inserted into the main draw.
7.13 Selection of Entries

A. Singles Main Draw
1) Direct Acceptances. Direct acceptances are players accepted directly in the
draw by virtue of their position in the Pepperstone ATP Rankings or by their pro-
tected ranking position (singles). The list to be used for ATP Tour tournaments
shall be dated approximately forty-two (42) days prior to the Monday of the (first)
tournament week and twenty-one (21) days prior to the Monday of the tourna-
ment week for ATP Challenger Tour tournaments.
2) Qualifiers. Qualifiers are players who are included in the main draw as a result
of their success in a qualifying competition. If the main draw is made prior to the
completion of a qualifying competition, it shall include as many qualifying places
as there are sections in the qualifying draw. Each of these qualifying places shall
be positioned in the main draw in accordance with standard drawing procedures.
Determination as to which qualifier goes into which qualifying place shall be by
drawing after the qualifying competition ends.
3) Special Exempts (SE). Players may receive a special exempt into the main draw
of the following week’s tournament if they meet the criteria and apply for it in a
timely manner. If the main draw is to be made before a potential special exempt
player plays on Friday, then such place(s) shall be drawn in the same manner
as qualifier, i.e., four qualifiers (“Q”) and one or two “SE” depending on whether
there are one or two possibilities. Each of the five or six slots are marked “Q/SE.”
As soon as the “SE” match results are known, either the “SE” or the next direct
acceptance (if the SE lost) is randomly drawn and inserted into the draw.
NOTE: Once a player has become eligible for Special Exempt consideration, he
must confirm to the Supervisor or Player Relations staff no later than one (1) hour
following the completion of the match that qualified him for a Special Exempt, that
he is applying for the Special Exempt position.
4) Wild Cards. Wild cards are players included in the main draw at the sole dis-
cretion of the tournament.* Wild cards must be named at the time the draw is
made. Wild cards may be seeded. Tournaments may not receive compensation
and Players may not offer compensation in exchange for the awarding of a wild
card.
* See 7.12 A. 2) for restrictions pertaining to ATP Tour 500 additional Wild Card.
May I Accept a Challenger Wild Card after Losing in an ATP
Tour Qualifying?
Case: Can a Tournament Director at a Challenger, which is held in
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the same week as an ATP event, request permission to offer a main
draw wild card to a player who has lost in the qualifying of the ATP
Tour event?
Decision: No. A player may only compete in one tournament per
week.
May I Play Grand Slam Qualifying After Losing in an ATP Tour
tournament?
Case: Can a player lose in the main draw of an ATP event, which is
held the week before a Grand Slam tournament, and be eligible to
compete in the qualifying for the Grand Slam event that is held that
same week?
Decision: Yes, as long as he meets the entry deadline set by the
Grand Slam event. The player is not violating the one tournament
per week rule because the main draws for the two events are in
different weeks.
May I Accept a Wild Card after Withdrawing from an ATP Tour
Qualifying?
Case: A player was still competing in a Challenger on the day
before Qs started at an ATP Tour event. He wanted to withdraw
from the Qs due to “still competing” and then take a wild card into a
Challenger event. Is this allowed?
Decision: Yes. The rule states that he may withdraw without
penalty from the qualifying if he is still competing on the day prior
to the commencement of the qualifying. By withdrawing due to“still
competing”, he is allowed to accept a wild card.
May I Sign In for Doubles after Withdrawing from an ATP Tour
Qualifying?
Case: A player was still competing on the day before Qs started at
an ATP Tour event. He wanted to withdraw from the Qs due to “still
competing” and then sign in for doubles at the same or other event.
Is this allowed?
Decision: Yes. The rule states that he may withdraw without pen-
alty from the qualifying if he is still competing on the day prior to the
commencement of the qualifying. The “without penalty” would re-
lieve him from the “No Play After Withdrawal” provisions of the rules.
B. Singles Qualifying
1) Direct acceptances – ATP Tour. Direct acceptances are players accepted di-
rectly in the draw by virtue of their position in the Pepperstone ATP Rankings or
by their protected ranking position (singles). The list to be used for ATP Tour tour-
naments shall be dated approximately twenty-one (21) days prior to the Monday
of the tournament week.
a) If there are still places available for direct acceptances in the qualifying draw,
the next players selected shall be those with the highest position on the most
recent Pepperstone ATP Doubles Rankings list.
b) There shall be an alternate sign-in list comprised of players that sign in who
are not selected as direct acceptances. In the event that direct acceptance
players are not present for first-round qualifying matches or if players are
moved into the main draw from the qualifying (before the first ball is hit), play-
ers shall be selected from the alternate sign-in list in the order described in
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sections 1), and 2) above. Alternate sign-in deadline is 6:00 pm local time the
day before the start of the qualifying. Thereafter, the deadline is one half (1/2)
hour before the first scheduled match each day an Alternate may be required.
2) Direct acceptances – ATP Challenger Tour (50-125).
a) Qualifying Sign-In. Players who personally sign-in for the qualifying event
shall be accepted based upon their position on the most recent Pepperstone
ATP Ranking followed by the most recent Pepperstone ATP Doubles Rank-
ing.
The sign-in shall also include those players coming from other events who
are eligible to be signed-in by the ATP Supervisor or Tournament Referee.
Case: A player enters an event using his current ranking. After the
deadline, he realizes he did not get in with his current ranking and
informs the Supervisor that he wants to use his protected ranking.
May he do this?
Decision: No, the intent to use a protected ranking must be de-
clared at the time of entry and cannot be declared after the deadline
for the event.
b) On-Site Alternate Sign-In. There shall be an on-site alternate sign-in on the
day of the start of qualifying. The sign-in deadline is one half (1/2) hour before
the first scheduled qualifying match.
Priority for the on-site alternate sign-in is based upon the most recent Pep-
perstone ATP Ranking and then players using their most recent Pepperstone
ATP Doubles Ranking.
3) Any vacancy created by the withdrawal of a seed (for any reason), after the qual-
ifying draw has been made but prior to the release of the order of play for the first
day of the qualifying event, shall be filled by the next highest positioned player
or team in the qualifying draw eligible to be seeded. The position vacated by that
next highest positioned player or team shall then be filled by the next eligible
player or team on the qualifying draw alternate list.
Can I Sign In
Case: An ATP Tour tournament with an advanced entry qualifying
holds an Alternate Sign In on Friday night. If a player does not sign-
in on Friday night, may he sign-in on the Saturday morning Alternate
sign-in sheet?
Decision: Yes. Following the sign-in occurring prior to the qualifying
draw being made, the Alternate sign-in on the day of first round play
is a new list and any player who is on-site and with a Pepperstone
ATP Ranking (singles or doubles) is eligible to sign-in.
Unranked Players as Alternates
Case: The tournament has used their wild card allocation. Are play-
ers without a ranking eligible to sign in as alternates?
Decision: No. Unranked players are only allowed into the draw as a
wild card selection.
Fill by Random or Alternative Method
Case: After concluding the qualifying sign-in, there are not a suf-
ficient number of players listed in the Pepperstone ATP Rankings
(singles/doubles) to fill the draw. If there are still additional vacan-
cies, may the Tournament Director fill the remaining spots with
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players according to the local system?
Decision: No. Unranked players are only allowed into the draw as a
wild card selection.
Case: A player asks to be signed-in to the doubles qualifying which
begins on Saturday. He is in another tournament and is playing the
doubles final scheduled for Saturday. He asks that he be signed-in
if he gets a bye for Saturday, as he would not be able to play the
qualifying on Saturday.
Decision: The entry for doubles qualifying cannot be accepted. The
player could sign-in for main draw doubles, but not for qualifying.
C. Doubles Main Draw - ATP Tour. Direct acceptances for ATP Tour events shall be in
the following order:
1) Teams composed of players in either the Pepperstone ATP Rankings or the Pep-
perstone ATP Doubles Rankings. The combined positions of the two players us-
ing best Pepperstone ATP Rankings (singles or doubles) shall be added together
and the total used to determine the direct acceptances. The most recent Pepper-
stone ATP Rankings and/or Pepperstone ATP Doubles Rankings list, including a
protected ranking, shall be used.
Ties are broken as follows (including protected rankings):
a) Team using two (2) doubles rankings.
b) Team using one (1) doubles ranking.
c) Team using two (2) singles rankings.
Note: For ties between teams with the same composition:
i) For teams using two (2) Pepperstone ATP Doubles Rankings, the fewest
number of doubles tournaments played and then the team with the high-
est number of points.
aa) If one (1) team is using a protected ranking, then they are placed
below the team using two (2) actual rankings;
bb) If both teams have one (1) or two (2) members using a protected
ranking, then the team with the strongest individual Pepperstone ATP
Doubles Ranking, including protected ranking, will receive priority;
ii) For teams using one (1) singles & one (1) doubles - the team with the
strongest individual Pepperstone ATP Doubles Ranking will receive prior-
ity;
iii) For teams using two (2) Pepperstone ATP Rankings, the team with the
strongest individual Pepperstone ATP ranking.
iv) If none of the above break the tie, then the order shall be determined by
a draw.
Case: A player enters an event using his current ranking. After the
deadline, he realizes he did not get in with his current ranking and
informs the Supervisor that he wants to use his protected ranking.
May he do this?
Decision: No, the intent to use a protected ranking must be de-
clared at the time of entry and cannot be declared after the deadline
for the event.
2) If the doubles draw cannot be filled by teams where both members are listed
in the Pepperstone ATP Rankings or Pepperstone ATP Doubles Rankings, the
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remaining places shall be filled with byes.
Only One Doubles Player Has Ranking
Case: A doubles team has one player who is listed in the Pepper-
stone ATP Rankings or Pepperstone ATP Doubles Ranking and one
player who is not. Can the team be in the doubles draw?
Decision: Since one player does not have a ranking, the only way
into the draw is via a wild card.
NOTE: The rationale for this is that all players, except Wild Cards,
must be an ATP member or a registered player. Since one player of
the team does not have a ranking, he is not eligible to register and
therefore the only way into the draw is via Wild Card.
Use of Both Rankings
Case: A player has a protected singles ranking of 201, true singles
ranking of 458, protected doubles ranking of 320 and true doubles
ranking of 408. Can the player use his protected singles ranking to
enter doubles when he has already used it to enter the singles of
that tournament or does he have to use his ‘true’ singles ranking or
his protected doubles ranking?
Decision: The protected singles ranking CAN be used for entry into
the doubles. It would not count against his allowed total for singles
events but would count against his doubles allotment.
D. Doubles Main Draw – ATP Challenger Tour

Challenger 50-125
Direct acceptances for ATP Challenger events shall be in the following order:
1) Teams composed of players in either the Pepperstone ATP Rankings or the Pep-
perstone ATP Doubles Rankings. The combined positions of the two players (us-
ing best Pepperstone ATP Rankings - singles or doubles) shall be added together
and the total used to determine the direct acceptances. The most recent Pepper-
stone ATP Rankings and/or Pepperstone ATP Doubles Rankings list, including a
protected ranking, shall be used.
Ties are broken as follows (including protected rankings):
a) Team using two (2) doubles rankings.
b) Team using one (1) doubles ranking.
c) Team using two (2) singles rankings.
Note: For ties between teams with the same composition:
i) For teams using two (2) Pepperstone ATP Doubles Rankings, the fewest
number of doubles tournaments played and then the team with the high-
est number of points.
ii) If one (1) team is using a protected ranking, then they are placed below
the team using two (2) actual rankings;
iii) If both teams have one (1) or two (2) members using a protected, then the
team with the strongest individual Pepperstone ATP Doubles Ranking,
including protected ranking, will receive priority;
iv) For teams using two (2) Pepperstone ATP Rankings, the team with the
strongest individual Pepperstone ATP Doubles Ranking will receive prior-
ity.
v) For teams using two (2) Pepperstone ATP Rankings, the team with the
strongest individual Pepperstone ATP Ranking will receive priority.
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vi) If none of the above break the tie, then the order shall be determined by
a draw.
E. Seeds - ATP Tour and ATP Challenger Tour
Seeded teams will be determined by using the combined Pepperstone ATP Doubles
Rankings of the two players (protected ranking not included). Ties shall be broken as
follows:
1) The team with the fewest events played is positioned higher.
2) The team with the highest number of points is positioned higher.
3) A coin flip or draw if a tie remains.
F. Qualifiers
Qualifiers are teams who are included in the main draw as a result of their success in
a qualifying competition. If the main draw is made prior to the completion of a qualify-
ing competition, it shall include as many qualifying places as there are sections in the
qualifying draw. Each of these qualifying places shall be positioned in the main draw
in accordance with standard drawing procedures. Determination as to which qualifier
goes into which qualifying place shall be by drawing after the qualifying competition
ends.
G. Wild Cards. Wild cards are players included in the main draw at the sole discretion of
the tournament. Wild cards must be named at the time the draw is made. Wild cards
may be seeded. Tournaments may not receive compensation and players may not
offer compensation in exchange for the awarding of a wild card.
7.14 Seeds Definition

Seeds are players who are given preferential positions in the draw based on the
Pepperstone ATP Rankings. The selection and arrangement of seeds shall be based
upon the most recent Pepperstone ATP Rankings list (the protected ranking is not
considered). Each tournament shall have a seeded draw and there shall be only one
seeding list. Seeding shall not be official until the final draw is made. For doubles,
seeded teams will be determined by using the combined Pepperstone ATP Doubles
Rankings of the two players (entry protection not included).
Any vacancy created by the withdrawal of a seed, after the draw has been made but
prior to the release of the order of play for the first day of main draw, shall be filled
according to the procedures described under vacancies.
Protected Ranking is for Entry, Not Seeding
Case: May a player’s protected ranking be used for seeding purpos-
es?
Decision: No. The protected ranking position can be used for: 1)
entry into the qualifying competition and main draw, or 2) special
exempt position. It may not be used for: 1) seeding, or 2) lucky loser
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order.
7.15 Number of Seeds

The number of seeds shall be as follows:
Singles Doubles
4 competitors - 2 seeds (singles Q)* 4 teams - 2 seeds (Qualifying)
16 competitors - 8 seeds (singles Q) 16 teams - 4 seeds
24 competitors - 12 seeds (singles Q) 24 teams - 8 seeds
28 competitors - 14 seeds (singles (Q) 32 teams - 8 seeds
48 competitors - 24 seeds (singles Q)
32 compeitiors - 8 Seeds
28 competitors - 8 seeds
*ATP Challenger Tour Qualifying only
7.16 Placement of Seeds - Main Draw
The procedures for placing seeds in the main draw are as follows:
A. Place seed 1 on line 1 and seed 2 on line 32 (32 draw), line 64 (64 draw) or line 128
(96 draw); and
B. To determine the location of the remaining seeds, draw in groups according to the
following chart:
16 Draw 32 Draw 64 Draw 96 Draw

Seeds 4 Seeds 8 Seeds 16 Seeds 32 Seeds
3-4
First Drawn 5 9 17 33
Second Drawn 12 24 48 96
5-8
First Drawn 8 16 32
Second Drawn 16 32 64
Third Drawn 17 33 65
Fourth Drawn 25 49 97
9-12
First Drawn 9 17
Second Drawn 25 49
Third Drawn 40 80
Fourth Drawn 56 112
13 - 16
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First Drawn 8 16
Second Drawn 24 48
Third Drawn 41 81
Fourth Drawn 57 113
17 - 24
First Drawn 9
Second Drawn 24
Third Drawn 41
Fourth Drawn 56
Fifth Drawn 73
Sixth Drawn 88
Seventh Drawn 105
Eighth Drawn 120
25 - 32
First Drawn 8
Second Drawn 25
Third Drawn 40
Fourth Drawn 57
Fifth Drawn 72
Sixth Drawn 89
Seventh Drawn 104
Eighth Drawn 121
7.17 Qualifying Placement

A. Singles
1) There will be one section, having two (2) seeds, for each qualifying position in the
main draw. The first seed shall be placed at the top of the first section. The second
seed shall be placed at the top of the second section and so on until all sections
have one (1) seed on the top line of each section. The remaining seeds shall be
placed together and drawn with the first drawn placed on the last line of the first
section, second drawn placed on the last line of the second section and continued
in this manner until each of the sections have two seeds.
2) The names of the remaining players shall be drawn and placed in the vacant
spaces not occupied by the seeds or byes beginning at the top of the draw.
B. Doubles
Two teams shall be seeded in a four-draw event with the seeds being placed on
lines 1 and 4.
7.18 Byes - Assignment and Placement

A. Singles Main Draw
1) If there is a 32 main draw, no byes shall be awarded unless there are an insuffi-
cient number of direct acceptances.
2) If there is a 28 main draw, the top four (4) seeds shall be awarded a bye.
3) If there is a 48 or 96 main draw, each seed shall be awarded a bye.
166
4) If there is a 56 main draw, the top eight (8) seeds shall be awarded a bye. Any
player who received a “bye” and loses in the second round shall receive second
round loser’s prize money but only first round loser’s points for the Pepperstone
ATP Rankings, if applicable.
B. Doubles Main Draw

1) If there is a 16 or 32 main draw, no byes shall be awarded.
2) If there is a 24 main draw, each seeded team shall be awarded a bye.
3) Any team that received a “bye” and loses in the second round shall receive sec-
ond round loser’s prize money but only first round loser’s points for the Pepper-
stone ATP Doubles Rankings, if applicable.
C. Qualifying Draw
If there are not enough competitors to fill the qualifying draw, then after the seeds are
placed in the draw, the required number of byes shall be awarded as follows:
1) Priority shall be to the highest seeds.
2) Remaining byes shall be drawn by groups of two (2) going into one (1) section
(e.g., if there are 10 byes, eight go to seeds and the remaining two are drawn
into one section; if there are 11 byes, nine and 10 are drawn into one section and
the 11th is randomly drawn into one of the other three (for a 32 draw qualifying
competition) remaining qualifying sections).
7.19 Remake of Draw

A. Singles
If two (2) or more of the top eight (8) seeds withdraw more than twenty-four (24)
hours before the start of the singles tournament, the tournament may choose either
to remake the draw or let the draw stand. If a wild card withdraws after the original
draw and the draw is to be remade, the vacancy created may be filled at the tourna-
ment’s option by a substitute wild card. If the tournament elects not to use a substitute
wild card, the vacancy shall be treated as any other vacancy.
B. Doubles
Prior to the draw being finalized (not sooner than when it is published but not later
than when the first ball of the doubles tournament is struck as determined by the
Supervisor), use the following procedure: If one-fourth or more of the seeded teams
withdraw, or a minimum of two (2) seeded teams in a 16-team draw withdraw, the
Tournament Director has the option to have the draw remade if approved by the
Supervisor. If the draw is remade, the original pairings may not be changed except
where vacancies occur.
Case: A draw has to be remade. How is the remake of the draw
done?
Decision: There are 2 methods for remaking a draw: (1) Retaining
the original order of the chips drawn and (2) Starting from the begin-
ning and redrawing the chips.
Retaining the original order of the chips drawn is the preferred meth-
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od and is used in all cases except when the cause of the remake
had to do with an issue with the chips, such as a loss of a chip; a
chip being accidently thrown back into the bowl and drawn a second
time, etc.
In the instance of remaking the draw retaining the original order of
the chips, the following procedure is followed:
1) The Chip List (order of the names of players and/or teams) is regen-
erated
2) The draw is populated using the list of chips drawn in the original
order
3) No other action is taken
In the instance when the draw is remade by starting from the begin-
ning and redrawing the chips., the following procedure is followed:
1) The Chip List (order of the names of players and/or teams) is regen-
erated.
2) The Chips are redrawn according to the procedures outlined in the
ATP Rulebook 7.09
Where does the “No Match” go?
Case: At an ATP Tour Qualifying, the draw is made and the OP
is published on Friday night. Overnight, 3 withdrawals occur. The
players who withdrew were on Line 2, Line 11 and Line 13. The next
morning, only 2 players sign in for the on-site alternate list leaving a
“No Match” spot for the draw. How is it determined on which line the
“No Match” is placed?
Decision: By random draw.
7.20 Lucky Losers, Substitutions and Vacancies

A. Lucky Loser Selection
32/16Q Draw events shall use the same protocol as secified for ATP Tour events in
section 7.20 A. 1) below.
A player may be entered in the main draw of a tournament if he meets the criteria
outlined for a lucky loser.
1) Lucky losers are players who have lost in the final round of the qualifying event
or, if more lucky losers are required, those players who have lost in the previous
qualifying round(s). Lucky Losers shall be selected based on the computer rank-
ings as follows: If there are no vacancies when the qualifying event has been
completed, then the order of the Lucky Loser list shall be selected on the basis of
their position on the Pepperstone ATP Rankings (singles or doubles) list used for
determination of qualifying seeding (protected ranking is not considered). If there
is a vacancy in the main draw when qualifying is completed then the order of the
two (2) highest ranked players shall be randomly drawn, thereafter the order shall
follow the players’ rankings, unless there are two (2) or more withdrawals at the
time the Qualifying competition is finished in which case the size of the random
draw will be the number of withdrawals plus one (1). In the case where players
from the previous round are included in the draw they will be placed behind all
players who have lost in the final round of qualifying. Only those accepted into the
qualifying competition may sign in as lucky losers.
2) The lucky loser list shall be posted each day at least one (1) hour before the sign-
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in deadline, which shall be one-half (1/2) hour before the first scheduled match
of the day. If rain or other disruptions occur, then the Supervisor can change the
deadline as appropriate. Such list shall not be available for sign-in on the preced-
ing day. All lucky loser sign-in deadlines must be placed on each day’s schedule
of play.
3) The sign-in for doubles lucky losers or alternates shall follow the same proce-
dures as the sign-in for singles lucky losers or alternates. One member of a lucky
loser team may sign in for the team. If there is no qualifying competition, substi-
tutions shall come from the alternate list of teams not accepted directly into the
main draw through the on-site sign-in procedure. In either case, only substitutions
of the originally paired teams are permitted. If two (2) or more positions become
available at the same time during the preceding period, the positions to be occu-
pied shall be determined by drawing.
a) There shall be one Lucky Loser / alternate sign-in sheet that will have all
eligible Lucky Loser / alternate* teams listed.
b) The system of merit for alternates is based on the same method as used in
the system of merit for entry.
c) The system of merit for Lucky Losers is based on the same method as used
to determine seeding.
4) Vacancies in ATP Tour 500 Doubles main draw will be filled by the following meth-
od:
a) Team losing in the final round of qualifying shall be the number 1 lucky loser;
and
b) The two teams losing in the first round of the doubles qualifying shall be
numbers two (2) and three (3) based upon their ranking as used in the deter-
mination of seeds; and then
c) All teams who signed in for the on-site alternate entry list and were not ac-
cepted or could not participate in the qualifying and shall be ordered based
upon their rank on the acceptance list.
d) Teams who did not enter through the online on-site alternate sign-in are eligi-
ble* to sign the daily alternate sign-in and are placed below those teams on
the alternate list as defined in a), b) and c) above.
e) One player from each team must sign the daily lucky loser / alternate sign-in
sheet to be eligible to fill a vacancy.
* To be eligible, alternate teams who did not enter through the online protocol
5) Vacancies in ATP Masters 1000 and ATP Tour 250 Doubles main draws occurring
after the withdrawal deadline but prior to the draw being made will be filled by the
next team on the on-site alternate list.
6) Vacancies in ATP Masters 1000 and ATP Tour 250 Doubles main draws occurring
after the draw has been made will be filled by the first of the following methods:
a) Teams who were not accepted into the main draw through the on-site alter-
nate sign-in list; then
b) Teams who did not enter through the online on-site alternate sign-in and
teams where one member of the team is eligible to re-pair following the with-
drawal of his partner are eligible* to sign the daily alternate sign-in and are
placed below those teams on the alternate list who did enter through online
on-site alternate sign-in method.
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* To be eligible, alternate teams who did not enter through the online protocol
7) Teams may remain on the alternate list for multiple events in the same week,
however, they may only sign-in at one of those events on any given day.
8) Vacancies in Challenger Doubles main draw will be filled from the on-site alter-
nate list using the same protocol as used for entries. Teams who did not enter
through the on-site sign-in and teams where one member of the team is eligible
to re-pair following the withdrawal of his partner are eligible* to sign the daily
alternate sign-in and are placed below those teams on the alternate list who did
enter through the on-site sign-in method.
* To be eligible, alternate teams who did not enter through the on-site protocol
Case: A team submits an advance entry for a 250 tournament with

one of the players using a protected ranking. They are among 6
teams not ranked high enough to be selected. The other 5 teams
are using their best of rankings. Where is the team using the pro-
tected ranking placed on the alternate list if they are the next team
in based on that ranking or the 4th highest team using their best of
ranking?
Decision: The team using the protected ranking is placed at the
top of the alternate list. Protected ranking is used for entry into a
tournament either directly or as an alternate (either an advanced
entry or as an on-site entry).
Who is inserted as the doubles alternate?
Case 1: After the sign-in deadline for doubles alternate has closed,
there are 7 teams signed-in. At 16:55 a team scheduled to play at
17:00 withdraws due to injury of one of the players. The #1 team
on the alternate list is inserted into the draw. The match is called at
17:00. It is discovered that the inserted team is at the hotel and at
17:15 the alternate is defaulted for punctuality. What should be done
now?
Decision: If an eligible alternate team cannot be found who is ready
to go on court by 17:20, then a walkover is awarded. 7.20 B 2) b)
states that to be eligible for substitution, a lucky loser (alternate)
must “be ready to play within five (5) minutes after the announce-
ment of a default for punctuality”.
ATP POLICY: While every effort must be made to locate an eligible,
signed-in alternate team, the 15 minute punctuality rule must be en-
forced to protect the opponent who is ready to play. It is incumbent
upon the teams signed-in as alternates to be available, reachable
and ready to go when the match is called or within 5 minutes of the
announcement of a punctuality default. In the instance of one player
on court in singles, his partner must be available, reachable and
ready to go, the team would be inserted and the match rescheduled.
This policy extends to Lucky Losers also.
Case 2: A doubles match is called at 11:00 AM and one of the
teams cannot be found. At 11:15 AM a punctuality default is award-
ed. How is the vacancy filled?
170
Decision: The highest ranked doubles team from the alternate list
who are eligible to be inserted in the draw and are ready to play
within the five (5) minute allotted time period will replace the de-
faulted team. 7.20 B 2) b) states that to be eligible for substitution, a
lucky loser (alternate) must “be ready to play within five (5) minutes
after the announcement of a default for punctuality”.
ATP POLICY: Alternates (Lucky Losers) are to be ready when
called upon to fill a vacancy. By signing the daily alternate (Lucky
Loser) list they are declaring that they are on-site and ready to play,
if needed. While every effort will be made by ATP staff to locate
the alternate/LL teams it is the alternate/lucky loser teams/players
responsibility to keep ATP staff informed of their whereabouts and
to remove their names if they leave the site or otherwise become
unavailable for substitution.
Advance Entry Qualifying
Case: How are vacancies handled for ATP Tour qualifying events if
there are no eligible players remaining on the Advanced Entry list
and there are not enough players who signed the Friday On Site
Alternate list to fill the draw?
Decision: If there are no eligible players remaining on the Ad-
vanced Entry list and there are not enough players who signed the
Friday On Site Alternate list to fill the draw then Byes should be
awarded to the seeded players by ranking order. Any additional
vacancies occurring after the draw will be filled from the “day of”
Alternate sign-in list.
ATP 500 Doubles Qualifying
Case: How are vacancies handled for ATP Tour 500 doubles quali-
fying if there are not enough teams who entered the Qualifying Entry
list or through the On-line On-site entry method to fill the draw?
Decision: If there are not enough teams who signed the Qualifying
Alternate list to fill the draw then Byes should be awarded to the
seeded teams by ranking order. Any additional doubles Qualifying
vacancies occurring after the draw will be filled from the “day of”
Alternate sign-in list.
B. Lucky Loser/Alternate Substitution

1) A lucky loser/alternate shall be inserted in the appropriate position as a substitu-
tion for any player who withdraws or is withdrawn before the first ball of his first
match is struck.
NOTE: A player winning a match by walkover is considered to have played a
match.
2) In order to be eligible for substitution, a lucky loser/alternate must:
a) Sign the lucky loser/alternate sign-in record at least one-half (1/2) hour prior
to the first scheduled match of each day; and
b) Be ready to play within five (5) minutes after the announcement of a default
for punctuality.
c) If the eligible lucky loser/alternate is not available to play, he shall be placed
at the bottom of the lucky loser/alternate priority list for that day correspond-
ing to the qualifying round in which he lost. If the eligible player is playing in
171
the doubles event at the time he is called as a lucky loser/alternate in singles,
the singles match may be rescheduled so he can fill the lucky loser/alternate
position, provided the Supervisor determines that the rescheduling does not
cause an unreasonable disruption of the schedule or does not cause the win-
ner to play a second match that day; otherwise the next available lucky loser/
alternate shall be selected to fill such vacancy.
Alternate Sign-In Procedures

Case: The two (2) players ahead on an alternate list do not sign in
1/2 hour before the singles qualifying matches are to begin. One (1)
of the players arrives on-site just before it is known that an alternate
is going to be needed. Who gets in?
Decision: Neither of the two (2) players. In order to be eligible for
substitution, an alternate must sign in before the deadline and must
be ready to play within five (5) minutes of being called.
Doubles Alternate at two tournaments?
Case: A team signs in for doubles at two tournaments the same
week. They do not get into the main draw, but are the #1 alternate
at both events. The team signs the Alternate list at tournament A
on Monday and Tuesday and then wants to sign the Alternate list at
tournament B on Wednesday. Are they permitted to do this?
Decision: Yes, however, a team is only eligible to be signed in on
one “live” list per day.
Eligible for Lucky Loser - ATP Tour
Case: May a player or team sign the lucky loser sign-in sheet if they
are not accepted into the qualifying competition?
Decision: No. To be eligible as a lucky loser, a player or team must
have played and lost in the qualifying event.
Extending Closing Times
Case: The first-round singles matches are scheduled to start at 10
a.m. A steady rain is falling at 9 a.m. and it is decided to postpone
the start of play until 11 a.m. should the lucky loser sign-in be
extended?
Decision: Yes. Extend the deadline to 10:30 a.m.
Case: The lucky loser Sign-in closed at 10:30. A player arrives at
10:45 to sign in saying that:
1. The Referee told me that the deadline would be at 11:00; or
2. Somebody on the phone said the deadline was 11:00; or
3. Tournament transportation was 45 minutes late.
Decision:
1. Allow the player to sign in. Information given by the Referee (if
verified) must be honored.
2. Sign-in not allowed. Players receiving information over the phone
do so at their own risk unless they speak directly to the Supervisor
or Referee.
3. Sign-in not allowed. The player is responsible for arriving on time.
172
Which Lucky Loser to Insert?
Case: On Monday before the last singles match has gone on court,
a player whose first-round singles match is scheduled for Tuesday is
forced to withdraw because of injury. No one signed the lucky loser
list on Monday. How is the vacancy resolved?
Decision: The vacancy should be filled from Monday’s lucky loser
list. However, since no one signed the lucky loser list on Monday,
the vacancy shall be filled from the Tuesday lucky loser list, if any
eligible players sign in. If no one signs on Tuesday, then a walkover
shall be awarded.
Who Goes In?
Case: A player withdraws from the singles event on Tuesday. His
singles match was not scheduled until Wednesday. There was
a singles lucky loser sign-in on Tuesday. The last singles match
scheduled for Tuesday has not gone on court. Is the vacancy filled
from Tuesday or Wednesday’s lucky loser sign-in?
Decision: Tuesday’s sign-in.
C. Vacancies - Doubles
ATP Tour
1) A team shall constitute a doubles entry. If either of the players of a team cannot
play, that doubles entry is subject to withdrawal and substitution.
2) If the withdrawal is from the advance acceptance list and prior to 10 AM (EST)on
the Friday before the event, then the next team on the alternate list is moved into
the main draw.*
*Exception - If a player has to withdraw based on a medical reason or other
unavoidable circumstances after the entry deadline, but prior to 10 AM (EST) on
the Friday before the event, his partner may enter again and re-pair with another
player who has not already been accepted into the doubles event, and this new
team may be considered for acceptance based on its position in the entry list in-
cluding any entry protection position (the re-pairing team must have a combined
entry ranking better than the first alternate team to remain as a Direct Accep-
tance).
● If the new combined entry ranking is worse than the first alternate team,
the new team will lose their Direct Acceptance position and be placed on
the Alternate List as per their new combined entry ranking.
● If a team is re-pairing on the Alternate List, and the new combined entry
ranking is BETTER than the alternates above them, they will keep their
original position on the list and NOT move up on the Alternate list.
● If a team is re-pairing on the Alternate List, and the new combined entry
ranking is WORSE than the alternates below them, they WILL move down
on the Alternate List.
The re-pairing team entry must be received prior to the withdrawal deadline by a
player relations staff member or the ATP Supervisor. If the entry is not received
by the deadline, the team will be withdrawn and the list will drop to the next active
team, which will be considered committed at that point.
Players are allowed to use the re-pair option up to 4 times per a calendar year.
173
3) If the withdrawal is from the advance acceptance list and occurs after the 10 AM
(EST) deadline on the Friday before the event then an additional on-site entry
position is created for each withdrawal.
a) For both 2 and 3 above, the partner of the withdrawing player may enter dou-
bles or sign in for the singles qualifying of the same or another event through
the on-site entry method; or
b) If the withdrawal was due to one or both players being accepted into the main
draw singles of another ATP Tour or ATP Challenger Tour event, then both
players may enter the doubles of that event through the appropriate on-site
entry procedure.
4) If a player from a team that is a direct acceptance withdraws based on a medical
reason or other unavoidable circumstances after the on-site sign-in deadline, his
partner may enter as an on-site alternate with another player who has not already
been accepted into the main draw doubles event. This new team may be consid-
ered for acceptance based on its position in the on-site entry list including any
entry protection position, as specified in 7.20 A. 6) b).
Can I Sign In For Q’s after Withdrawing from Doubles?
Case: A player is withdrawing from a Doubles Advanced Entry list
where he is a direct acceptance. Can he sign in for the singles
qualifying of another ATP or Challenger tournament that same week
or play doubles somewhere else?
Decision: No. However, his partner, who was not the reason for the
withdrawal, can sign in for singles qualifying or find another partner
and sign-in on-site for doubles at the same or another tournament.
Can I Withdraw from Doubles to Accept a Singles Wild Card?
Case: A player, who is main draw in doubles, is offered a singles
wild card into an ATP Tour or ATP Challenger Tour event. Can he
withdraw from main draw doubles to accept this singles wild card at
another event?
Decision: Yes. The player can withdraw from the doubles before
the doubles on-site entry deadline to accept a wild card into the
singles. This would be considered the same as the player being
accepted into the main draw singles of another ATP Tour or ATP
Challenger Tour tournament which is allowed.
Partner Injured: Who May Replace Him?
Case: A player’s doubles partner withdraws after the on-site sign-in
deadline but before the draw is made. In looking for a new partner,
is the withdrawing player’s partner allowed to choose another part-
ner from the qualifying draw?
Decision: No. The player seeking a new partner may not team
with any player who is accepted into the qualifying or main doubles
draws. He may re-enter with any player that he chooses as long as
their combined position in the Pepperstone ATP Rankings qualifies
them by virtue of the system of merit for doubles entries. He may
not select from players who will be or who are in the qualifying draw
based on the sign-in sheet.
Case: Team A/B are direct acceptances in an ATP 500 main draw
doubles. Team C/D are direct acceptances in the same ATP 500
tournament doubles qualifying. Player B withdraws due to injury.
Player A asks to repair with either player C or D.
174
Decision: No. Players cannot repair with a player on a team already
accepted in the doubles event of the tournament (Main Draw or Q).
ATP Challenger Tour

1) A team shall constitute a doubles entry. If either of the players of a team cannot
play, that doubles entry is subject to withdrawal and substitution.
2) If a player from a team that is a direct acceptance in the main draw withdraws
based on a medical reason or other unavoidable circumstances after the on-site
sign-in deadline but before the draw, his partner may enter again with another
player who has not already been accepted into the main draw doubles event. This
new team may be considered for acceptance based on its position in the entry list
including any entry protection position.
Remake of the Draw
Case: On Monday morning, two (2) of the four (4) seeded teams
withdraw from a 16-draw doubles event. The doubles competition
has not yet begun. May the draw be remade?
Decision: Yes. However, it is the option of the tournament.
D. Prior to Qualifying Competition

1) ATP Tour Singles. After the main draw is made and prior to the commencement
of the qualifying competition, all vacancies created by the withdrawal of unseeded
players including wild card withdrawals, shall be filled by the next highest posi-
tioned player(s) on the original acceptance list. If the vacancy was created by the
withdrawal of a seed, then the procedures for replacing seeds are followed and
the vacancy created by replacing the seed is filled by the next highest positioned
player(s) on the original acceptance list.
2) ATP Tour Doubles. After the main draw is made and prior to the commence-
ment of the qualifying competition, all vacancies created by the withdrawal of un-
seeded teams including wild card withdrawals, shall be filled by the next highest
positioned player(s) on the on-site entry list. If the vacancy was created by the
withdrawal of a seed, then the procedures for replacing seeds are followed and
the vacancy created by replacing the seed is filled by the next highest positioned
player(s) on the on-site entry list.
3) ATP Challenger Tour. After the withdrawal deadline and prior to the start of
Qualifying, vacancies will be filled in ranking order from the original main draw
acceptance list by players who have preserved their position on the list. Players
from the main draw alternate list who are directly accepted into qualifying are con-
sidered to have preserved their eligibility. A player can only preserve his eligibility
on one list. If there are no Alternates from the original main draw acceptance list
who have preserved eligibility, the vacancy will be filled by the highest ranked
If the vacancy was created by the withdrawal of a seed, then the procedures for
replacing seeds are followed and the vacancy created by replacing the seed is
filled by the next highest positioned player(s) from that event’s alternate sign-in
list, following the protocol specified above.
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ATP Tour Main Draw Vacancy Before Qualifying Starts
Case: After making the qualifying draw, a vacancy occurs in the
main draw. How is the vacancy filled?
Decision: If the qualifying competition has begun, the vacancy is
filled by the eligible lucky loser. If the qualifying competition has
not begun, the vacancy is filled by the next player on the original
acceptance list.
E. Qualifying started or finished

1) During Qualifying Competition. If a lucky loser position should become avail-
able during the qualifying competition, it shall be treated the same as the qualify-
ing places for placement in the main draw. If a seeded player or team withdraws
after the main draw has been made but prior to the release of the order of play for
the first day of main draw in that event, the vacancy created by the withdrawal of
a seed shall be filled by the following method:
a) 32/48/64/96 Singles Draw and 16/24/32 Doubles Draws. The vacancy shall
be filled by the next highest positioned player or team in the main draw eligi-
ble to be seeded. The appropriate lucky loser shall fill the remaining vacancy.
b) 28 Draw. If the vacancy involves a seed #1-4, then seed #5 moves to the
vacated seed position and the next highest positioned player in the main draw
eligible to be seeded shall be placed in the position vacated by the #5 seed.
The appropriate lucky loser shall fill the remaining vacancy. If the vacancy
involves a seed #5-8, then the next highest positioned player in the main
draw eligible to be seeded shall be placed in the vacated seed position. The
appropriate lucky loser shall fill the remaining vacancy.
c) 56 Draw. If the vacancy involves a seed #1-8, then seed #9 moves to the
vacated seed position and the next highest positioned player or team in the
main draw eligible to be seeded shall be placed in the position vacated by
the #9 seed. The appropriate lucky loser shall fill the remaining vacancy. If
the vacancy involves a seed #9-16, then the next highest positioned player
or team in the main draw eligible to be seeded shall be placed in the vacated
seed position. The appropriate lucky loser shall fill the remaining vacancy.
Seeds Withdraw or Are Withdrawn
Case: The team seeded 4th withdraws after the draw but prior to
the order of play being released for the first day of main draw. How
is the vacancy filled?
Decision: For a 16 team draw, the vacancy created by the removal
of a seeded team is filled by the next highest positioned team eligi-
ble to be seeded. The appropriate alternate or lucky loser team shall
fill the remaining vacancy.
Qualifier Eligible To Be Seeded
Case: A qualifier’s ranking was high enough for him to be seeded in
the main draw. The main draw was completed prior to the end of the
qualifying event. After the player had qualified but prior to the order
of play being released for the first day of main draw a seeded player
withdraws. Is the qualifier eligible to be seeded?
Decision: Yes. The successful qualifier shall be accorded the same
right to be seeded as the other players who have gained entry as
Direct Acceptances, Wild Cards, Special Exempt etc. As per ATP
rules a player may not use his Protected Ranking for seed purposes
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2) Other Vacancy Procedures After Qualifying Starts.
a) After the qualifying commences (when the first ball of the first match is struck),
main draw vacancies may only be filled by eligible lucky losers (and eligible
alternates in the case of a Challenger event).
b) If a lucky loser position becomes available after the places for qualifiers are
drawn for the main draw but before the first day of the main draw event, the
highest positioned lucky loser shall be inserted into the draw provided he can
be notified.
c) If a position becomes available during the day, the highest positioned player
who has signed that day’s lucky loser sign-in record shall be inserted at the
time the withdrawal is confirmed.
d) Positions becoming available after the start of play for the last match of each
day in that event (singles or doubles) shall be filled by the highest positioned
player who signs the lucky loser sign-in record on the successive day of play.
e) When two or more positions become available at the same time, the positions
to be occupied by each lucky loser shall be determined by drawing.
f) In all such cases, the Supervisor is responsible to notify a player(s) that he is
in the draw.
When is the withdrawn player replaced?

Case: A player withdraws from the main draw 2 hours prior to the
close of the lucky loser sign-in deadline. A few minutes later, the
highest ranked lucky loser signs in. There is still one hour left before
the lucky loser sign-in deadline closes. As the player who signed-in
is the highest ranked LL, is he inserted at that moment, or is the
vacancy filled after the sign-in deadline passes?
Decision: The player is not inserted in the draw until after the sign-
in deadline as others may withdraw necessitating drawing for the
available spots. Multiple withdrawals occurring after the last match
of that event began on the previous day, and the time that the sign-
in deadline closes on the next day, are considered to have occurred
at the same time and the positions to be occupied by each lucky
loser shall be determined by drawing.
7.21 Match Scheduling

A. Scheduling Committee
The scheduling of matches and daily order of play in all tournaments shall be pre-
pared by the Referee and/or Tour Manager and approved by a committee composed
of the Tournament Director, Supervisor, Referee and the Tour Manager. In cases
where the scheduling committee cannot agree, the Supervisor shall make the final
decision.
B. Tournament Week Plan

1) Main Draw. The main draw should be scheduled so that the first round in singles
begins on Monday and the finals in singles and doubles are completed by Sun-
day, unless the tournament has special permission from ATP forty-two (42) days
in advance of the event to complete the tournament on Saturday or on Monday.
a) Considerations and Priorities. The following priorities in the order listed
should be followed:
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i) Schedule the halves of the draw together particularly from Wednesday
onward. At indoor tournaments, second rounds can be split within sec-
tions if necessary to avoid Monday/Thursday (singles).
ii) Schedule quarters together as an alternative.
iii) Avoid Monday/Thursday (singles) or Tuesday/Friday (doubles). Schedule
some doubles on Monday.
iv) The singles quarterfinal matches on Friday should be scheduled by
halves and as close together as possible.
v) Schedule one doubles semi-final on Friday (cannot be done if there are
two Saturday sessions).
vi) When weather or other unavoidable circumstances cause a disruption
in the schedule, a player may not be scheduled for more than three (3)
matches in a day without his consent.
1. The matches may not all be singles without the consent of the player.
2. Completion of a match in progress shall count as one (1) match.
2) ATP Tour Qualifying. One (1) round per day except when weather or other un-
avoidable circumstances require two (2) rounds to be played on the same day.
a) In ATP Tour events, one round shall be played on Saturday and the final
round shall be played on Sunday except when weather or other unavoidable
circumstances forces two rounds to be played on Sunday.
b) In ATP Tour 250 events, one round shall be played on Sunday and the final
round shall be played on Monday except when weather or other unavoidable
circumstances forces two rounds to be played on Monday.
ATP Tour 250 events may elect and will be approved for qualifying to be held
on Saturday and Sunday. A notification for Saturday – Sunday qualifying must
be submitted in writing by the tournament and received by the appropriate
ATP regional office no later than six (6) months prior to the first Monday of the
event.
3) ATP Challenger Tour Qualifying. One (1) round per day except when weather
or other unavoidable circumstances require two (2) rounds to be played on the
same day.
C. Daily Scheduling Overview

1) Feature singles matches should be scheduled after the scheduling committee
considers the needs of players, television, tournament and the public.Tourna-
ments may not schedule more than two (2) evening matches to begin no later
than 7:30 p.m. local time (6:30 p.m. recommended) without prior ATP approval.
2) The scheduling committee must schedule a doubles match on all show courts
(including Center Court) as follows:
ATP Tour 250 (16 draw doubles)
o Seven (7) doubles matches must be scheduled on the Center Court
during the tournament week.
o Four (4) doubles matches must be scheduled on the Grandstand or
second court.
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o Four (4) doubles matches must be scheduled on the Grandstand or
second court.
ATP Tour Masters 1000 (24 draw doubles)
o Seven (7) doubles matches must be scheduled on the next two (2)
best courts with at least four (4) out of the seven (7) scheduled on the
second overall best court.
ATP Tour Masters 1000 (32 draw doubles)
o Nine (9) doubles matches must be scheduled on the next two (2)
best courts with at least four (4) out of the nine (9) scheduled on the
second overall best court.
Final. The doubles final is to be scheduled prior to the singles final. It is rec-
ommended that the time of the final is no earlier than two (2) hours before the
singles final, unless otherwise approved by ATP.
It is further recommended that the tournament begin each session (day and
night) with a doubles match as an “opening act”.
If exceptional circumstances do not allow for a doubles match to be sched-
uled on the Center Court or a designated show court, then best efforts shall
be made by the scheduling committee to schedule an additional doubles
match on one of the other show courts, if any.
a) Exceptional Circumstances may include, but are not limited to, the fol-
lowing:
i) Contractual television obligations.
ii) Security issues.
iii) Weather or other scheduling interruptions.
iv) Combined with WTA Tour event.
v) Unforeseen circumstances as determined by the scheduling committee.
Definition of show court(s): Center Court and all other courts that are used to
televise matches; or, if only Center Court is televised, then the next court with the
greatest number of spectator seating.
Violation of this section may subject the Tournament to the penalties set
forth in VIII. The Code - section 8.02 Tournament Violations.
3) Normally, matches are scheduled using “to follow on assigned court.” However,
assigning feature matches a time or “not before” basis is permissible. The Tourna-
ment Director should understand that scheduling “not before” in a Center or show
courts may result in a court not having a match until the announced time.
4) First round doubles matches can be scheduled on a “not before” basis which will
then allow for the fixing of the lucky loser or alternate sign-in deadline.
5) Starting matches after Midnight is not recommended (after 1:00 a.m. should be
avoided). The ATP Supervisor may postpone a match after examining the impact
on the tournament and the players. If postponing the match is not possible, then
consideration must be given to moving a match to another court, if available.
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Note applicable to all ATP Tour Tournaments on a trial basis in 2024: A max-
imum of 5 matches may be scheduled per court starting at 11 a.m. with three (3)
matches during the day session and two (2) matches during the evening session.
Any match not on court by 10:30pm will be moved to another court at 11 p.m.
local time. No matches will be started after 11 p.m. local time, unless approved
by the ATP Supervisor in consultation with ATP management. The ATP Schedul-
ing Working Group reviewing tournament Match Schedule Plans shall have the
authority to consider and issue waivers for deviations from the above trial sched-
uling rules based on local cultural traditions or weather conditions.
D. Order of Play
The daily order of play is the published summary of all matches scheduled for a par-
ticular day.
1) Release Deadline. Once the scheduling committee determines the order of play,
it should be released no later than 10 p.m. local time at the tournament.
2) Change. Once released, the order of play may not be changed except upon the
approval of the Supervisor.
3) Notification.
a) It is the responsibility of all players to ascertain their schedules from the Su-
pervisor/Referee for each day’s play.
b) The Supervisor/Referee should also use all available means to notify each
player of his schedule.
4) Notes / Reminders. Daily order of play must have footnotes reflecting the follow-
ing:
a) The singles (and doubles) lucky loser sign-in deadline is______________(on
appropriate days).
b) The alternate sign-in deadline is __________(on appropriate days).
c) Any match on any court or session may be moved.
E. Calling of Matches
The Supervisor determines when a match is to be called. Players must be ready to

play when their matches are called. The Supervisor shall determine when a match is
to be called or when a match was in fact called. Schedules and match updates may
only be reliably obtained from the Supervisor, Tour Manager or the Referee.
F. Rain
If because of rain, etc., a tournament cannot be completed within the tournament

week, then, at the option of the tournament, one (1) extra day shall be allowed. The
Supervisor shall approve the commencement times for matches on the extra day,
which shall then be scheduled during the morning or early afternoon. No further ex-
tension of the tournament shall be permitted without the approval of ATP.
Case: A tournament with an approved and announced Saturday
final is interrupted by weather so that the final is scheduled for Sun-
day. If adverse weather on Sunday prevents the match from being
played, may the tournament be extended to Monday at the option of
the tournament?
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Decision: No. For a tournament with a Saturday final the tour-
nament week would end on Saturday and the one (1) extra day
allowed at the option of the tournament would be Sunday. It must
be noted however that if play cannot be completed on Sunday then
ATP would consider approving Monday play only in the case where
all parties (tournament & all players) request to finish on Monday.
G. Rest Periods - Minimums and Guidelines

1) Between Main Draw and Prior Week’s Tournament(s). Before scheduling
matches for the first day of play, the Supervisor must contact the Supervisor(s),
Referee(s) or Tour Manager(s) of the preceding week’s tournament(s) to deter-
mine to what extent players still competing may have difficulties in arriving for
play. To the extent possible, and providing it does not jeopardize the fairness
of scheduling and the completion of his tournament, matches should be sched-
uled so that each player with reasonable difficulties can be accommodated. The
Supervisor shall whenever possible give the player one full day’s rest between
his last match played in a previous week’s tournament or event and the play-
er’s first match in the succeeding tournament, unless weather or unavoidable
circumstances have caused a schedule disruption or the player was a finalist in
a Monday or other delayed final. There shall be no first-round singles matches
scheduled to start on Wednesday in 32 draw outdoor tournaments without the
approval of ATP or on-site Supervisor. The on-site Supervisor shall consider ap-
proving Wednesday starts only in the following circumstances:
a) If a player is competing on the Sunday in a Grand Slam, ATP Tour, ATP Chal-
lenger Tour, Davis Cup or ITF M 25 tournament, and the following week’s
tournament is on a different continent; or in a Monday Final on the same con-
tinent. Davis Cup Ties on the same continent which are delayed until Monday
may also be considered. For the purposes of this rule the world is divided
into 7 distinct continents. They are Europe, Asia, Antarctica, Australia, Africa,
North America (including Central America) and South America.
In such cases, the match must be scheduled early Wednesday and if the
player enters doubles, then he shall be required to play as determined by the
Supervisor.
The criteria listed in a) above shall not apply in the case where a tournament
has been approved for a Saturday final.
Case: A player competes in a Grand Slam Junior match on the final

Sunday. Is he eligible for a Wednesday start if his next tournament
is the following week and on a different continent?
Decision: No. The Wednesday start provisions indicated in the ATP
Rulebook only apply to Main Draw Singles, Main Draw Doubles and
Mixed Doubles.
2) Main Draw and Qualifying. Other than in exceptional circumstances, no player
shall be required to play his first-round match in the singles main draw until at
least twelve (12) hours after the completion of his final qualifying match. The
following should also be considered:
a) If a player plays two (2) rounds of singles qualifying on the first day of quali-
fying, then the scheduled start time of his final round of qualifying shall be no
earlier than eighteen (18) hours from the start time of his second qualifying
match.
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b) If a player plays in two (2) singles qualifying matches on Sunday, then he
shall not be scheduled to play in a singles main draw match on Monday.
However, the player may be scheduled to play, if necessary, a doubles match
on Monday.
c) If a player plays in two (2) doubles qualifying matches on Sunday, then he can
be scheduled to play in either one (1) singles or one (1) doubles main draw
match on Monday.
d) If a player plays in one (1) singles qualifying and two (2) doubles qualifying
matches on Sunday, then he shall not be scheduled to play on Monday.
e) If a player plays in one (1) singles qualifying and one (1) doubles qualifying
match on Sunday, then he can be scheduled to play in one (1) singles main
draw match on Monday. The singles match is to be scheduled early if that
player is also playing in a doubles qualifying match (final) on that Monday.
f) If the final doubles qualifying match is scheduled for Monday, the main draw
doubles matches shall be scheduled no earlier than three (3) hours after the
final qualifying match. If the main draw doubles match should be scheduled
earlier, then it is understood that if a doubles lucky loser is required, the match
shall be re-scheduled with that lucky loser inserted.
g) Any player who becomes a lucky loser may be scheduled to play on Monday
regardless of the number of matches that he has competed in on Sunday. Ex-
cept, however, a player who played in three (3) matches on Sunday may only
play one (1) match (singles) on Monday. If the player is to be required to be
a doubles lucky loser or is scheduled to play a main draw doubles match, the
doubles match would be rescheduled when his team is inserted into the draw
unless the Supervisor determines the schedule shall be adversely affected.
Case: Due to weather or other unforeseen circumstances, a player
played two singles qualifying matches on Monday in an outdoor
tournament. May he be scheduled for a main draw singles match on
Tuesday?
Decision: Yes. The provision of not playing on Monday after playing
two qualifying matches on Sunday does not apply as there are no
Wednesday starts permitted.
3) Between Main Draw Matches.
a) Players shall not be scheduled to play in a match within twelve (12) hours
after completing his last match the preceding day.
b) Players shall not be scheduled for more than one (1) singles and one (1)
doubles match per day, unless weather or other unavoidable circumstances
have caused schedule disruptions. Completion of a match in progress shall
count as one (1) match.
c) A player’s singles match on any particular day shall be scheduled before his
doubles match(es) unless otherwise directed by the Supervisor. Even without
a schedule disruption, a player may be scheduled for two (2) doubles match-
es if he is not scheduled to play in singles that day.
d) Whenever it is necessary to schedule a player to compete in more than one
match in the same day, a player shall be given the following minimum rest
periods (other factors may result in more time being authorized) unless he is
in a singles and doubles finals to be played consecutively:
Outdoor Indoor
i) If he has played less than 1 hour 30 min. rest 30 min. rest
ii) If he has played between 1 and 1/2 hours 1 hr. rest 45 min. rest
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iii) If he has played for more than 1 1/2 hours 1 1/2 hr. rest 1 hr. rest
iv) If play has been interrupted for thirty (30) minutes or more because of rain
or other warranted delay, the length of match time would be assessed
from the moment play resumes after the delay.
v) If play is interrupted for less than thirty (30) minutes, match time would be
considered continuous from the moment the first ball of the match was
put into play.
e) Whenever it is necessary for a player to compete in two (2) singles matches
in the same day, other than in exceptional circumstances a player shall be
scheduled the following day no earlier than eighteen (18) hours from the start
of his last match of the previous day, singles or doubles.
4) Between Singles Semi-final and Singles Final
a) When the two (2) semi-final matches are not to be played consecutively, then
the scheduled start time of the final shall be no earlier than eighteen (18)
hours from the scheduled start time of the second semi-final match. In the
case where the two (2) semi-final matches are to be played consecutively
(i.e. “followed-by”), then the scheduled start time of the final shall be no earli-
er than twenty (20) hours from the scheduled start time of the first semi-final
match.
b) Tournaments are encouraged to plan the schedule so that it exceeds the
minimum requirement.
c) If rain or other unavoidable circumstances have caused a disruption in the
schedule, then after considering the interests of the tournament, the players,
the television and the public, the Supervisor shall determine the revised time
of the semi-final and/or the final.
Player Entitled to Minimum Rest
Case: Because of rain delays, the singles semi-final and final
matches are scheduled for Sunday. The two (2) semi-final singles
matches are played on two (2) courts starting at 10 a.m. The final,
because of television commitments, is scheduled to begin at 2 p.m.
with live television coverage. One of the semi-final matches does
not finish until 1:15 p.m. The tournament and the television staff still
insist that the final match begin at 2 p.m. What is the solution?
Decision: The player is entitled to a minimum rest of 1 1/2 hours.
The final cannot start before 2:45 p.m.
Note: In circumstances where television is a factor, the Supervisor
should try to give as much flexibility as possible by starting the
semi-final matches as early as possible. Also, it is important to know
the latest start time acceptable for television. The goal is to give the
players more than their minimum rest time between a semi-final and
final.
Rain: How Many Matches Per Player?
Case: Rain has put the tournament behind schedule. Player A’s
singles match was suspended at one set all. Player A is also behind
in the doubles. How many matches may player A be scheduled to
play the next day?
Decision: Three (3). Completion of a match shall count as one (1)
match. If the player wins the singles match in progress then he may
be scheduled for one (1) more singles plus one (1) doubles. If he
loses the first singles match, then he may be scheduled for two (2)
doubles matches.
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Scheduling Priorities
Case: In preparing the schedule of play for Wednesday in a 32-
draw outdoor event, the upper half of the draw is the half the tourna-
ment would like to play. Several players will have played singles on
Monday and not again until Thursday if that half is played. Sections
of the draw would have to be split to accommodate players not hav-
ing two (2) days off between singles matches. What is the correct
priority in scheduling?
Decision: Scheduling in outdoor events must keep sections of
the draw together. Preferably, halves of the draw are scheduled
together, if that is not possible then quarters are scheduled together.
Players playing singles on Monday and Thursday should be avoid-
ed; however, halves of the draw should be kept together. Inclement
weather can adversely affect the schedule as well as the fair treat-
ment of the players unless these priorities are followed.
Rain Delayed Semi-final, When to Play Final?
Case: Rain on Saturday prevents both semi-final singles from being
played. The second semi-final is played on Sunday morning, with
the winner due to play the final that afternoon. Can the winner of the
second semi-final insist on a Monday final?
Decision: No. Every effort must be made to finish the tournament
on Sunday. The winner of the second semi-final should be given
the maximum amount of rest possible before playing the final. (ATP
Policy)
Moving Indoors at an Outdoor event
Case: Rain has disrupted play to the point where the event is in
danger of not being completed. There are indoor courts available for
use. May the Supervisor move the matches indoors to complete this
event?
Decision: Yes. Under the responsibilities of the Supervisor it states
that “the Supervisor may, if necessary to eliminate the possibility of
a player having to play two singles matches in one day, or if neces-
sary to complete the event, move a match to another court, indoors
or outdoors, regardless of surface”. The exception to this is if the
Tournament Director demonstrates to the Supervisor that there will
be a detrimental impact on the success of the tournament if singles
or doubles matches are played indoors. In this case, the Supervisor
may elect to keep all matches for outdoor play. (ATP Policy)
7.22 On-Court Procedures and Requirements

A. Start of Tournament
A tournament shall commence when the first serve of the first point of the first match
is struck.
B. Start of Match
A match shall commence when the first serve of the first point is struck.
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C. Rules of Tennis
The Rules of Tennis shall apply to all ATP Tour and ATP Challenger Tour tournaments
except as amended by the ATP Official Rulebook.
D. Appeal of Calls
1) Questions of Fact.
a) Definition. A question of fact is defined as an issue relating to what actually
occurred on court during a specific match. Only the on-court officials shall
determine questions of fact arising during a match and the player or the Su-
pervisor may not change such determinations.
b) Rule. A player may not appeal the determination made by the on-court offi-
cials on a question of fact.
2) Questions of Tennis Law.
a) Definition. A question of tennis law is defined as an issue relating to the
construction and application of specific facts to the ATP rules and regulations
and the rules of tennis. During a match, the Chair Umpire shall first determine
questions of tennis law. If the Chair Umpire is uncertain or if a player appeals
the determination of the Chair Umpire, then the decision shall be made by the
Supervisor, which shall be final and non-appealable.
b) Player Rights. A player shall have the right to appeal any ruling of tennis law
in accordance with the following procedures:
i) When a player is of the opinion that a ruling by the Chair Umpire on a
matter of tennis law is erroneous, he may appeal the ruling by notification
to the Chair Umpire in a professional and non-abusive manner.
ii) The Chair Umpire shall stop play and immediately call for the Supervisor.
Upon the arrival of the Supervisor, the Chair Umpire shall state the facts
of the incident and the Supervisor shall be bound by the facts as stated.
The Chair Umpire shall then state his position with respect to the ruling.
The Supervisor shall review briefly the applicable rules with the player
and the Chair Umpire and either affirm or reverse the ruling.
iii) Play shall be resumed upon the statement of “Let’s Play” by the Supervi-
sor and the players must proceed to commence play and the twenty-five
(25) second clock shall commence.
E. Tennis Law - Cases
Appeal of Judgment Calls
Case: A first serve is hit down the middle and is called out and then
corrected to good by the center service Line Umpire. The Chair
Umpire awards the point to the server, but the receiver disagrees
saying that he had a play on the ball. The Chair Umpire agrees
and rules that the point be replayed. The Supervisor is called to the
court.
Decision: Point to server. The Chair Umpire may not change a
judgment decision after a player appeal.
Appeal of the “Facts”: Receiver
Case: First point of a game, the first serve is called fault and over-
ruled by the Chair Umpire to good. The Chair Umpire then announc-
es 15-Love. The receiver states that the point should be re-played
because he returned the ball into the court. The Chair Umpire real-
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izes that the receiver did in fact return the ball and orders the point
to be replayed. The server claims that the Chair Umpire cannot
change his decision and asks for the Supervisor to be called.
Decision: The point is re-played. The Chair Umpire’s initial award-
ing of the point to the server was incorrect based upon the facts as
described by the Chair Umpire: The receiver did return the serve.
Appeal of the “Facts”: Server
Case: First point of a game, the first serve is called fault and
overruled by the Chair Umpire to good. The Chair Umpire awards
the point to the server based upon his judgment that the receiver
did not have a play on the ball. The receiver claims that he could
have played the ball. The Chair Umpire is not sure of his original
judgment and orders the point to be re-played. The server claims
that the Chair Umpire may not change his judgment based upon an
appeal from the receiver and asks for the Supervisor to be called.
Decision: Point to the server. The facts on which the Chair Umpire
based his initial decision did not change. Therefore, the Chair
Umpire may not change his original decision based upon a player’s
appeal or protest.
Umpire Blocked on Question of Fact
Case: Player A stops play claiming that player B had played the
ball after it had bounced twice. The Chair Umpire said that he was
“blocked” and could not make the decision.
Decision: The point stands as played. When the Chair Umpire has
the primary responsibility for a call (nets, throughs, not-ups and
touches) as opposed to the secondary responsibility (line calls), an
immediate decision must be made. If the Chair Umpire did not see a
rules violation on something for which he has the primary responsi-
bility then technically no violation can be called
Appealing for a Let
Case: Player A serves and player B returns the ball for a winner.
Player A appeals to the Chair Umpire that the service was a let. The
Chair Umpire says that he did not hear a let. Player A then asks
player B if he heard a let. Player B answers yes. Upon hearing this,
the Chair Umpire says that since both players heard a let, we shall
play a let. Player B objects saying that it is the Chair Umpire’s call
and that he was only confirming to player A that the Chair Umpire
had made a mistake.
Decision: The point stands as played. The Chair Umpire cannot
make assumptions as to the intent of player B’s comment. The
Chair Umpire should be certain that the intention of player B was to
play a let before making any decision.
F. Hindrance. A hindrance may result (1) from a corrected call by an official or (2) from
an inadvertent event that occurs on-court:
1) Corrected Call. Whenever there is a corrected call either by overrule, correction
by a Line Umpire or otherwise, the Chair Umpire in his sole judgment must deter-
mine if either player was hindered, and if so, order a “Let” to be played.
a) If a call is corrected from “Good Ball” to “Out,” then the point is ended and
there is no hindrance.
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b) If the call is corrected from “Out” to “Good Ball,” then there must be a “Let”
played unless it was a clear ace or a clear winning shot that the player could
not possibly have retrieved. If there is any reasonable possibility that such a
ball could have been played, then the player who would have lost the point
must be given the benefit of the doubt.
2) Inadvertent or Deliberate event. A distraction occurring on-court may be ruled
inadvertent (unintentional) or ruled deliberate.
a) Inadvertent distractions may include the following (a “Let” may be called in
these cases): a ball rolling onto the court; a ball falling out of a pocket; a hat
falling off; or an involuntary sound or exclamation (ex. verbal reaction to an
injury) from a player. Any player who created the hindrance must be advised
that the next time play is stopped by the Chair Umpire because of that play-
er’s similar actions; it shall result in a loss of point.
b) Any distraction caused by a player may be ruled deliberate and result in the
loss of a point (intentional or unintentional). Deliberate is defined as the play-
er meant to do what it was that caused the hindrance or distraction.
c) Care must be exercised to ensure rulings do not result in providing a player(s)
with two opportunities to win a point.
G. Hindrance Cases
Delaying the Server
Case: During a match with Review ELC in use, the receiver breaks
a string after returning a first serve called fault. The server challeng-
es the fault call and the receiver changes his racket before the result
of the challenge is displayed on the screen. Should the server be
awarded a first serve if the call stands?
Decision: Second serve, as the receiver changing his racket did not
delay the server in any way.
Corrected Call
Case: A second serve is a “net” call. The service Line Umpire calls
“out,” then corrects it to “good.”
Decision: Second serve
Opponent’s Gear Falls On The Court
Case: Clothing or equipment (excluding the racquet) that is worn or
carried by a player, including a ball from his pocket, falls to the court
during play.
Decision: The Chair Umpire shall call a let and replay the point. He
shall also inform the player that if the Chair Umpire makes a second
call of let, it will result in a loss of point.
Case: A player’s shoe comes off during play and is laying on the
court.
Decision: The default position of the Chair Umpire should be that
the point continues, unless the Chair Umpire is convinced that the
opponent is hindered and in that case, a let could be called.
Opponent Makes Noise
Case: During play, a player thinking he has hit a winner, shouts “va-
mos”, “come on”, “yes”, etc. as his opponent is in the act of hitting
the ball.
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Decision: If the Chair Umpire rules that a hindrance has occurred
then, as the sound or exclamation that caused the hindrance was
deliberate, the point shall be awarded.
Inadvertent Hindrance
Case: As a player is in the process of hitting a volley into the net,
his hat falls off. He then claims a let for hindrance.
Decision: No let. A player may not hinder himself. A let should only
be called when the opponent could have been hindered.
Singles Stick Falls
Case: After a first serve fault, the singles stick falls to the court.
Decision: The Chair Umpire should award a first serve unless in
his opinion the replacement time was such that the server was not
delayed in his delivery of a second serve.
Spectator Noise
Case: During play an “out” call is made by a spectator. The player
stops playing and claims hindrance.
Decision: The point stands as played.
Early Foot Fault Call
Case: The baseline umpire calls a foot fault on the server prior to
him hitting a first serve. The server continues with his motion and
hits the serve into the net.
Decision: First serve awarded. It is not a foot fault until the ball has
been struck. Therefore, the call is erroneous and the Line Umpire
has hindered the server.
H. Overrule
1) The Chair Umpire may overrule a Line Umpire only if (1) there is a clear mistake
by a Line Umpire, and (2) the overrule is made promptly after the mistake. A play-
er may never appeal a determination on questions of fact to the Supervisor.
a) Clear Mistake. As a matter of practice the Chair Umpire must be in a posi-
tion to make a determination that a call was erroneous beyond a reasonable
doubt. To overrule a ball called “Good” by the Line Umpire, the Chair Umpire
must have been able to see a space between the ball and the line. To overrule
an “Out” or “Fault” call by a Line Umpire, the Chair Umpire must have seen
the ball hit on or inside the line. Clear foot-faults not called by the responsible
Line Umpire should be called by the Chair Umpire.
b) Promptly. The Chair Umpire must overrule immediately after the Line Umpire
makes the “clear mistake.” The overrule “call” must be made almost simulta-
neously with the “clear mistake” made by the Line Umpire.
2) A player may request that the Chair Umpire verify a call or other determination
of fact on a point-ending call made by an on-court official; upon such request the
Chair Umpire shall immediately verify the same either by his own personal obser-
vation or upon confirmation of the Line Umpire or other on-court official involved.
The Chair Umpire may never overrule the call of a Line Umpire upon the request
of a player. A Line Umpire may never change a call as a result of a protest or
appeal, except in the case of clay court ball mark procedures.
3) The request, verification and resumption of play should be completed within the
twenty-five (25) seconds allowed between points. If the player prolongs the argu-
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ment, the Chair Umpire should announce “Let’s Play,” and the player is subject to
the provisions of the Code.
I. Correction/Verification of Call
Line umpires. When a Line Umpire realizes that he/she has made an erroneous
call, including an inadvertent sound, he/she should immediately call “Correction”
so that the Chair Umpire and the players are aware of the error. The Line Umpire
should then make the corrected call.
J. Ball Mark Inspection Procedures (Clay Courts)

1) Chair Umpire
a) A ball mark inspection requested by a player (team) shall be allowed only if
the Chair Umpire cannot determine the call with surety on either a point-end-
ing shot or when a player (team) stops playing the point during the rally (Re-
turns are permitted but then the player must immediately stop). The Chair
Umpire shall check ball marks if there is some doubt about the accuracy of
the call.
b) If the Chair Umpire sees a clear mistake, he may stop play with an overrule.
c) The original call or overrule shall always stand if the Line Umpire and/or Chair
Umpire cannot determine the location of the mark or if the mark is unread-
able.
d) Once the Chair Umpire has identified and ruled on a ball mark, this decision
is final and not appealable.
e) In clay court tennis, the Chair Umpire should not be too quick to announce
the score unless absolutely certain of the call. If in doubt, the Chair Umpire
should wait before calling the score to determine whether a ball mark in-
spection is necessary. Ball mark inspections made after the score has been
announced or after first serves shall be done as quickly as possible so the
server is not unreasonably delayed.
f) In doubles, the appealing player must make his appeal in such a way that
either both players stop playing the point or the Chair Umpire stops play.
If an appeal is made to the Chair Umpire, then the Chair Umpire must first
determine that the correct procedure was followed. If it is not proper or if it
is late, then the Chair Umpire may determine that the opposing team was
deliberately hindered.
g) Players may not cross the net to check a ball mark without being subject to
the Code. A player may not erase marks unless he is conceding the call or
after a ball mark inspection occurs and the Chair Umpire has made a final
decision.
2) Line Umpires
a) If a Line Umpire has to make a close call, he must keep his eyes on the mark
and should not look at the Chair Umpire.
b) If requested by the Chair Umpire, the Line Umpire shall walk directly to the
mark and identify the mark to the Chair Umpire. The Chair Umpire shall then
inspect the mark and make the determination.
c) If directed by the Chair Umpire to identify a mark and the Line Umpire is not
sure of the mark, the Line Umpire must state immediately to the Chair Um-
pire, “I do not have the mark.”
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K. Clay Court Cases
Can’t Find Ball Mark
Case: A Line Umpire calls a ball out on a clay court. The Chair
Umpire asks him to show the mark. The Line Umpire cannot locate
the mark and neither can the Chair Umpire.
Decision: The original (out) call must stand.
Clay Court: Doubles Ball Mark Appeal
Case: Player B returns a serve but his partner, player A, says, “wait”
as he moves to look at the mark. The Chair Umpire stops play. The
opponent, player C, appeals to the Supervisor, saying player B
returned the serve, which player C put away.
Decision: The procedure was correct (The Chair Umpire stopped
play after an interruption by player A.) The mark is examined and if
it is good, Team A-B loses the point; otherwise, it is a second serve.
Must Both Players on a Team Stop to Get Ball Mark Inspection.
Case: In doubles on a clay court, the second serve is called good.
The receiver returns the ball but hesitates in search of the mark. His
partner crosses (poaches) and hits the ball into the net. The receiver
then appeals the second serve, stating that he stopped play prior to
his reflex return.
Decision: The point stands as played. Both players must stop
playing or the player appealing must do so in a manner that results
in the Chair Umpire stopping play.
Overrule Then Inspect Ball Mark
Case: As a Chair Umpire, you overrule a ball on a clay court. The
player disagrees and asks for a ball mark inspection. You think that
maybe you made a mistake on the overrule.
Decision: The Chair Umpire should check the mark.
L. Electronic Review / Electronic Review - Line Calling (Review ELC)

A. Electronic Review (Review ELC)
The use of an approved electronic system for reviewing line calls and/or overrules is
authorized for use at ATP events. The protocol for Review ELC is as follows:
1) A request for an electronic review of a line call by a player (team) shall be allowed
only on either a point-ending shot or when a player (team) stops playing the point
during a rally (returns are permitted but then the player must immediately stop).
2) In doubles the appealing player must make his appeal in such a way that either
play stops or the Chair Umpire stops play. If an appeal is made to the Chair
Umpire the Chair Umpire must first determine that the correct appeal procedure
was followed. If it was not correct or if it was late, then the Chair Umpire may
determine that the opposing team was deliberately hindered, in which case the
appealing team loses the point.
3) Each player/team shall receive three (3) challenges per set (excluding the tie-
break game). If the player/team is incorrect with a challenge, then one of the
challenges is lost. If the player (team) is correct with a challenge, then the player
retains his same number of challenges. Challenges remaining, if any, at the end
of a set do not carry over to the next set.
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4) During the tie-break game in any set, each player/team shall receive one (1) ad-
ditional challenge. This is in addition to any challenges not lost, if any, during the
set.
5) For doubles, the Match Tie Break shall be considered as a new set and each
team shall receive three (3) challenges. Challenges remaining from the previous
set do not carry over into the Match Tie Break. Successful challenges do not
reduce the number of challenges that may remain.
6) In order to challenge, a player must show an immediate interest in making a
challenge and must do it in a timely manner. The key to the policy is “immediate
interest”. The player must also make his/her intention to challenge known to the
Chair Umpire either verbally or visually using his racquet or finger. The Chair
Umpire will (a) reconfirm with the player his intent to challenge; (b) confirm that
the player has challenges remaining; and (c) proceed with the electronic review.
7) The original call or overrule will always stand if the electronic review is unable, for
whatever reason, to make a decision on that line call or overrule. In this case, the
player shall not have his available number of challenges reduced.
8) If there is no call made from the on-court officials (unsighted Line Umpire and
Chair Umpire cannot make the call) on a point ending shot, the Chair Umpire may
call for a review and the result of the review will not affect the remaining challeng-
es of either player.
9) The decision of the electronic review is final and cannot be appealed.
10) A certified official, approved by the ATP Supervisor, shall act as the Review Offi-
cial* and his duties shall include, but are not limited to:
a) Determining which impact shall be reviewed by the system.
b) Act as the final authority on tracking the number of challenges each player
has remaining.
c) Monitor the system to ensure that it is functioning properly.
d) Notify the Chair Umpire immediately in the case of a system failure or any
other condition that prohibits or brings into question the ability of the system
to review a challenged call. In this case, the Chair Umpire shall immediately
notify both players that review is not available until further notice.
* Review official and supporting technology staff shall be located within the sta-
dium or arena in a secured area and with an unobstructed view of the court.
11) For each court that is using a review system, there shall be a minimum of one
(1) video board, of sufficient size, located in a position where the Chair Umpire,
players and spectators may view the results of the challenge.
12) Review Official Protocol is described in “Exhibit T.
B. Electronic Review - Live Line Calling (Live ELC)
The use of an approved Live ELC electronic line calling system is authorized for use
at ATP events in 2024.
The following protocol shall be used.

1) There shall be no line umpires. All lines shall be called using the Live ELC System
approved by ATP to call all lines.
2) Foot-faults will be called by a Review Official monitoring two (2) court-level cam-
eras placed on the baseline and on the center service line at each end of the court
191
if available or the Chair Umpire.
3) In the unlikely event the Live ELC system malfunctions, play will be delayed for up
until such time as the issue is corrected or 15 minutes have elapsed. If the issue
is not resolved within 15 minutes the ATP Tour Supervisor will decide when and
how the match will resume.
4) If the Live ELC system fails to make a call, the call shall be made by the Chair
Umpire. If the Chair Umpire is unable to determine if the ball was in or out, then
the point shall be replayed. This protocol applies only to point ending shots or
in the case when a player stops play. In the case where there is no call, and the
player stops play, the umpire shall call for the shot to be displayed on the video
board for confirmation.
5) If equipment is available, automatic replays of the call will be shown on the video
boards on point ending shots that are “out” by 15 centimeters or less. Winning
shots warranting a replay will be manually directed to the video board by the Re-
view Official.
6) Physical requirements for the on-site booth to be confirmed..
M. Continuous Play/Delay of Game
Play shall be continuous, except that a maximum of twenty-five (25) seconds may
elapse from the moment the ball goes out of play at the end of one point to the time
the ball is struck for the next point, except at a ninety (90) second changeover or a
one hundred and twenty (120) second set break. The procedures for enforcing this
rule are as follows:
1) Time Between Points. 25 Seconds/Continuous Play
a) Start Stop Watch. The Chair Umpire must start the stopwatch after the ball
goes out of play or when the players are ordered to play.
b) Time Violation or Code Violation. A Time or Code Violation must be as-
sessed if the ball is not struck for the next point within the twenty-five (25)
seconds allowed, except if the Chair Umpire extends the time for special cir-
cumstances defined by ATP. There is no time warning prior to the expiration
of the twenty-five (25) seconds.
2) 90 Seconds/Change-Over (Changing Ends)
a) Start Stop Watch. The Chair Umpire must start the stopwatch the moment
the ball goes out of play.
b) “Time.” The Chair Umpire must announce to players “Time” after one (1)
minute has elapsed. If requested, prior to the match, by a television broad-
caster, the Chair Umpire shall have the authority to delay the start of play until
the end of the ninety (90) second changeover period.
c) “15 Seconds.” The Chair Umpire may announce to players “15 Seconds” if
the players are still at their chairs and/or have not started toward their playing
positions.
d) Time Violation or Code Violation. The Chair Umpire must assess a Time
Violation or, when applicable, a Code Violation (after a medical time-out or
treatment) if the ball is not struck for the next point within the ninety (90) sec-
onds / one hundred twenty (120) seconds allowed, provided there has been
no interference which prevented the Server from serving within that time or a
delay by the Chair Umpire.
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3) 120 Seconds/Set Break
a) Start Stop Watch. The Chair Umpire must start the stopwatch the moment
the ball goes out of play.
b) “Time”. The Chair Umpire must announce to players “time” after 90 seconds
has elapsed. If requested, prior to the match, by a television broadcaster, the
Chair Umpire shall have the authority to delay the start of play until the end of
the one hundred twenty (120) second set break.
c) “15 Seconds.” The Chair Umpire may announce to players “15 Seconds” if
the players are still at their chairs and/or have not started toward their playing
positions.
d) Time Violation or Code Violation. The Chair Umpire must assess a Time
Violation or, when applicable, a Code Violation (after a medical time-out or
treatment) if the ball is not struck for the next point within the one hundred
twenty (120) / one hundred fifty (150) seconds allowed, provided there has
been no interference which prevented the server from serving within that time
or a delay by the Chair Umpire.
4) Not Playing to the Reasonable Pace of the Server
a) Start Stop Watch. The Chair Umpire must start the stopwatch when the play-
er is ordered to play or the moment the ball goes out of play.
b) Time Violation or Code Violation. The Chair Umpire must assess a Code
Violation if the receiver is employing “gamesmanship.” The Chair Umpire
must issue a Time Violation before the expiration of twenty-five (25) seconds
if the receiver’s actions delay the reasonable pace of the server.
5) Stoppage and Postponement of a Match
a) The Chair Umpire may stop a match temporarily because of or conditions
of the grounds or weather. Any such stoppage by a Chair Umpire must be
reported immediately to the Supervisor. Once a match is stopped and until
a match is postponed, the Chair Umpire must ensure that he, the players
and all on-court officials remain ready to resume the match. The Supervisor
makes the decision to postpone a match until a later day.
b) Upon stoppage or postponement by the Supervisor, the Chair Umpire shall
record the time, point, game and set score, the name of the server, the side
on which each player was situated and shall collect all balls in use for the
match.
6) Warm up / Re-warm up.
There shall be a four (4) minute warm-up before a match and in the case of a
stopped or postponed match, the period of warm-up shall be as follows:
a) 0-15 minutes delay — No warm--up;
b) more than 15 minutes but less than 30 minutes —Three (3) minutes of warm-
up; and
c) 30 or more minutes of delay — Four (4) minutes of warm-up [Five (5) minutes
at Challengers].
N. Video Review (“VR”)
The use of VR to determine specific judgment calls is approved for use at events
where there is Electronic Line Calling (“ELC”) and the VR system has been approved
by ATP.
The protocol for use is as follows:
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a) Reviewable calls
i) Not-up – ball bounced more than once prior to contact.
ii) Foul shot – player carries the ball on the racquet, player contacts the ball
before it crosses the net, player’s racquet touches the ball while not under
the control of the player.
iii) Touch – ball touches player, or anything he is wearing or carrying (except
racquet), player touches net while ball is in play.
iv) Invasion – player touches the opponent’s court with any part of his body
or his racquet while the ball is in play.
v) Through – the ball passes through the net instead of passing over the net.
vi) Hindrance – any decision on whether a point should be awarded, or the
point should be replayed. Most common use of this would be a call cor-
rected from out to good and whether the player had a play on the ball.
vii) Original Call Stands – when a challenge to a line call has properly been
made and the line review system is unable to make a determination, the
chair umpire may review the call for clear evidence that confirms or over-
turns the call on the court.
viii) Foot-faults
ix) Scoring error
b) Process
i) When a reviewable call is challenged, the VR operator will find, through
the various camera angles available, the best view of the incident.
ii) The VR operator will then send the video to a screen attached to the
Chair Umpire’s chair.
iii) The Chair Umpire will review the video and determine if there is clear
evidence to support the original decision or to overturn the decision.
iv) If there is no clear evidence, then the original decision stands.
c) Limit to Challenges
i) Each player will be limited to three (3) incorrect challenges during the set.
ii) If any set reaches 6-all, each player will receive one (1) additional chal-
lenge.
iii) A review under a) vii) above shall not be recorded as a won/lost chal-
lenge.
O. Time and Equipment Cases
Crowd Movement
Case: The server is given a Time Violation for going beyond the 25
seconds that is allowed between points. The server claims that he
should have been given additional time because there were some
spectators taking their seats.
Decision: The Time Violation stands. The continuous play proce-
dures shall be in effect regardless of spectator movement unless
the Chair Umpire believes the movement is intended as a deliberate
attempt to distract a player(s) or occurs in the designated lowest tier
of seats.
Ball Person as Personal Valet
Case: A player receives a time violation from the Chair Umpire while
waiting for the ball person to retrieve a towel. The player claims the
ball person caused the delay.
Decision: The Time Violation stands. Toweling off between points
with or without the help of a ball person is not a valid reason for
delay.
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Time Violation, No Play, Results in Code
Case: A player, upon hearing a Time Violation, comes to the Chair
Umpire and asks “Why?” He receives an explanation followed by
“Let’s Play”. The player continues his discussion and is given a
Code Violation. The player appeals to the Supervisor saying he
should have received a Time Violation, Point Penalty.
Decision: The Chair Umpire suspends play and calls for the Super-
visor. Upon arrival, the Supervisor affirms the decision of the Chair
Umpire as the player was directed to play when the Chair Umpire
said “Let’s Play.”
Time Violation + 25 Seconds = Code
Case: A player receives a time violation while standing at the back
fence. He does not move to play and the Chair Umpire says, “Let’s
play”. After another 25 seconds elapses, what does the Chair
Umpire do?
Decision: A Code Violation is announced, (and possibly an inquiry,
such as, “Are you OK?”) followed by “Let’s Play”.
Two Explanations are Enough
Case: A player asks for an explanation and is given one. He then
raises another point and receives another response. How long may
this go on?
Decision: Normally only twice since continuous play provisions are
not being complied with. After two brief responses, the Chair Umpire
announces “Let’s Play” and subsequently issues a Code Violation if
the ball is not in play as a result of that player’s action.
Changing Shoes
Case: May a player receive extra time on a changeover in order to
change his shoes and/or socks? If yes, how many times may he do
so during the course of the match?
Decision: Yes. The Chair Umpire may allow a reasonable extension
of the allotted changeover time in order for a player to change his
shoes and/or socks. The player should not be allowed to leave the
court in this instance. The player is limited to one change per match
when extra time is granted unless the provisions for “equipment out
of adjustment” take precedent. In that case, the Chair Umpire has
the authority to decide each request on its own merit.
Contact Lens
Case: During a match, a player requests permission to leave the
court in order to put in a contact lens.
Decision: The request to leave the court is denied. Contact lenses
shall not be considered as equipment out of adjustment unless the
player is wearing them at the time of the incident.
Note - Every attempt should be made to assist the player so that he
may put the contact lenses in during the changeover.
Time: Refusal to Play
Case: After several close calls that go against him, a player comes
to his chair on the changeover and says, “I’m not playing until the
Line Umpire Crew is changed”. After the Chair Umpire calls “Time”,
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the player says“, I told you I’m not playing until the Line Umpires are
changed”. What should the Chair Umpire do?
Decision: The Chair Umpire should order the player to play and
after 25 seconds use the Point Penalty Schedule.
Re-Gripping Racquet
Case: During a change of ends, while a player is re-taping the grip
of his racquet, the Chair Umpire calls time. The player walks out to
the baseline still taping the grip. At the end of the 90 seconds, the
player has failed to commence his serve and is still working on the
grip.
Decision: The Chair Umpire issues a Time Violation. The racquet
is not equipment out of adjustment and therefore the player must
serve within the allotted time. (Rules of Tennis, “Rule 29”.) Similarly,
adjusting the position of the strings or fixing string savers is not an
excuse for delaying play.
Replacing Shoes
Case: During a match, a player requests permission to leave the
court area to retrieve another pair of tennis shoes. He states that he
is slipping and wants to get a pair of shoes with a different sole from
his locker.
Decision: The request is denied. However, the Chair Umpire should
use all possible means to have the shoes retrieved and brought to
the court. This is not considered “Equipment Out of Adjustment”.
The shoes could have been brought to the court with the player and
changed on-court; however, once he has the shoes, reasonable
time is allowed for the change.
Shoe Breaks
Case: A player breaks his shoe and he needs to change, but his
second pair is in the locker room.
Decision: The Chair Umpire should stop play and allow the player
to get shoes.
No Play After 90 Seconds
Case: A player is not ready to play after the ninety (90) second
changeover (no injury involved).
Decision: A Time Violation is announced. “Let’s Play” is normally
added. The same applies if a player is not ready to play after the
120-second set break.
P. Toilet/Change of Attire Break

1) A player may be permitted to leave the court for a toilet or change of attire break.
A player is entitled to one (1) toilet or change of attire break during a best of three
set match and two (2) toilet or change of attire breaks during a best of five set
match. For best of five set matches one toilet break may be taken during the first
three sets. The second break may only be taken after the end of the third set. Toi-
let or change of attire breaks may only be taken on a set break and can be used
for no other purpose. The toilet break is limited to a maximum of three (3) minutes
from the time the player enters the toilet.
A change of attire break combined with a toilet break is limited to a maximum of
five (5) minutes from the time the player enters the off court changing area/toilet.
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A change of attire break is limited to a maximum of five (5) minutes from the time
the player enters the off court changing area/toilet.
Players will only be allowed to leave the court on a set break to change wet
shorts/underwear. Shirts, socks, and shoes should be changed on court.
Players exceeding the allowed time will be penalized by back-to-back Time Viola-
tions.
a) For doubles, each team is entitled to a total of one (1) toilet or change of at-
tire break in all matches. If partners leave the court together, it counts as the
team’s authorized break.
2) Any time a player leaves the court for a toilet break or a change of attire break, it
is considered the authorized break regardless of whether or not the opponent has
left the court.
3) Any toilet break taken after the warm-up has started is considered the authorized
break. Additional breaks will be authorized, but will be penalized with the back-to-
back Time Violations if the player is not ready within the allowed time.
4) The Chair Umpire has the authority to decide each request for change of attire
break on its own merit when provisions of “equipment out of adjustment” take
precedent.
Toilet Visit
Case: In a best of three (3) set match, a player has used his one
toilet visit. The player informs the Chair Umpire that at the next
changeover he would like to take another toilet visit prior to his
serving.
Decision: The Chair Umpire may allow a player to leave the court
but must inform the player that any delay beyond the 90 seconds
will be penalized with the back-to-back Time Violations.
Toilet Visit: When Does Play Resume?
Case: After play has been paused for an authorized toilet visit,
when does the “clock” start to resume play?
Decision: When the player returns to the court and has had the
opportunity to retrieve his racquet, then the Chair Umpire should
announce “Time”. This announcement shall signal the players to
resume the match.
Q. Medical
1) Medical Condition
A medical condition is a medical illness or a musculoskeletal injury that warrants
medical evaluation and/or medical treatment by the Physiotherapist during the
warm-up or the match.
a) Treatable Medical Conditions
i) Acute medical condition: the sudden development of a medical illness
or musculoskeletal injury during the warm-up or the match that requires
immediate medical attention.
ii) Non-acute medical condition: a medical illness or musculoskeletal in-
jury that develops or is aggravated during the warm-up or the match and
requires medical attention at the changeover or set break.
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b) Non-Treatable Medical Conditions
i) Any medical condition that cannot be treated appropriately, or that will not
be improved by available medical treatment within the time allowed.
ii) Any medical condition (inclusive of symptoms) that has not developed or
has not been aggravated during the warm-up or the match.
iii) General player fatigue.
iv) Any medical condition requiring injections or intravenous infusions, ex-
cept for diabetes, for which prior medical certification has been obtained,
and for which subcutaneous injections of insulin may be administered.
For the avoidance of any doubt, the use of supplemental oxygen is not
permitted at any time.
2) Medical Evaluation
During the warm-up or the match, the player may request through the Chair Um-
pire for the Physiotherapist to evaluate him during the next change over or set
break. Only in the case that a player develops an acute medical condition that
necessitates an immediate stop in play may the player request through the Chair
Umpire for the Physiotherapist to evaluate him immediately.
The purpose of the medical evaluation is to determine if the player has developed
a treatable medical condition and, if so, to determine when medical treatment is
warranted. Such evaluation should be performed within a reasonable length of
time, balancing player safety on the one hand, and continuous play on the other.
At the discretion of the Physiotherapist, such evaluation may be performed in
conjunction with the tournament Doctor, and may be performed off-court. *
If the Physiotherapist determines that the player has a non-treatable medical con-
dition, then the player will be advised that no medical treatment will be allowed.
* It is recognized that national laws or governmental or other binding regula-
tions imposed upon the event by authorities outside its control may require
more compulsory participation by the tournament Doctor in all decisions re-
garding diagnosis and treatment.
3) Medical Time-Out
A medical time-out is allowed by the Supervisor or Chair Umpire when the Phys-
iotherapist has evaluated the player and has determined that additional time for
medical treatment is required. The medical time-out takes place during a change
over or set break, unless the Physiotherapist determines that the player has de-
veloped an acute medical condition that requires immediate medical treatment.
The medical time-out begins when the Physiotherapist is ready to start treatment.
At the discretion of the Physiotherapist, treatment during a medical time-out may
take place off-court, and may proceed in conjunction with the tournament Doctor.
The medical time-out is limited to three (3) minutes of treatment. However, at
professional events with prize money of $50,000/€43,000 or less, the Supervisor
may extend the time allowed for treatment if necessary.
A player is allowed one (1) medical time-out for each distinct treatable medical
condition. All clinical manifestations of heat illness shall be considered as one (1)
treatable medical condition. All treatable musculoskeletal injuries that manifest as
part of a kinetic chain continuum shall be considered as one (1) treatable medical
condition.
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A total of two (2) consecutive medical time-outs may be allowed by the Super-
visor or Chair Umpire for the special circumstance in which the Physiotherapist
determines that the player has developed at least two (2) distinct acute and treat-
able medical conditions. This may include: a medical illness in conjunction with a
musculoskeletal injury; two or more acute and distinct musculoskeletal injuries.
In such cases, the Physiotherapist will perform a medical evaluation for the two
or more treatable medical conditions during a single evaluation, and may then
determine that two consecutive medical time-outs are required.
4) Muscle Cramping
A player may receive treatment for muscle cramping only during the time allotted
for changeovers and/or set breaks. Players may not receive a medical time-out
for muscle cramping. In cases where there is doubt about whether the player
suffers from an acute medical condition, non-acute medical condition inclusive of
muscle cramping, or non-treatable medical condition, the decision of the Physio-
therapist, in conjunction with the tournament Doctor, if appropriate, is final. There
may be a total of two (2) full change of ends treatments for muscle cramping in a
match, not necessarily consecutive.
Note: A player who has stopped play by claiming an acute medical condition, but
is determined by the Physiotherapist and/or tournament Doctor to have muscle
cramping, shall be instructed by the Chair Umpire to resume play immediately.
If the player cannot continue playing due to severe muscle cramping, as de-
termined by the Physiotherapist and/or tournament Doctor, he may forfeit the
point(s)/game(s) needed to get to a change of end or set-break in order to receive
treatment.
If it is determined by the Chair Umpire or Supervisor that gamesmanship was
involved, then a Code Violation for Unsportsmanlike Conduct could be issued.
5) Medical Treatment
A player may receive on-court medical treatment and/or supplies from the Phys-
iotherapist and/or tournament Doctor during any changeover or set break. As
a guideline, such medical treatment should be limited to two (2) changeovers/
set breaks for each treatable medical condition, before or after a medical time-
out, and need not be consecutive. Players may not receive medical treatment for
non-treatable medical conditions.
6) Penalty
After completion of a medical time-out or medical treatment, any delay in resump-
tion of play shall be penalized by Code Violations for Delay of Game.
Any player abuse of this medical rule will be subject to penalty in accordance with
the Unsportsmanlike Conduct section of the Code of Conduct.
7) Bleeding
If a player is bleeding, the Chair Umpire must stop play as soon as possible, and
the Physiotherapist should be called to the court for evaluation and treatment.
The Physiotherapist, in conjunction with the tournament Doctor if appropriate,
will evaluate the source of the bleeding, and will request a medical time-out for
treatment if necessary.
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If requested by the Physiotherapist and/or tournament Doctor, the Supervisor or
Chair Umpire may allow up to a total of five (5) minutes to assure control of the
bleeding.
If blood has spilled onto the court or its immediate vicinity, play must not resume
until the blood spill has been cleaned appropriately.
8) Vomiting
If a player is vomiting, the Chair Umpire must stop play if vomiting has spilled
onto the court, or if the player requests medical evaluation. If the player requests
medical evaluation, then the Physiotherapist should determine if the player has a
treatable medical condition, and if so, whether the medical condition is acute or
non-acute.
If vomiting has spilled onto the court, play must not resume until the vomit spill
has been cleaned appropriately.
9) Physical Incapacity
During a match, if there is an emergency medical condition and the player in-
volved is unable to make a request for a Physiotherapist, the Chair Umpire shall
immediately call for the Physiotherapist and tournament Doctor to assist the play-
er.
Either before or during a match, if a player is considered unable physically to
compete at a professional level, or poses a significant health risk to players, of-
ficials or Tournament staff, the Physiotherapist and/or tournament Doctor should
inform the Supervisor and recommend that the player is ruled unable to compete
in the match to be played, or retired from the match in progress. Additionally, if
the Supervisor, in consultation with the tournament Doctor, Physiotherapist, or a
representative of the ATP Medical Advisory Board, determines that a player’s par-
ticipation in a tournament match may put the player at risk due to a life threatening
or otherwise serious medical problem, the Supervisor has the authority to rule a
player ineligible to compete.
The Supervisor shall use great discretion before taking this action and should
base the decision on the best interests of professional tennis, as well as taking all
medical advice and any other information into consideration.
When the Supervisor has ruled a player ineligible to play due to circumstances
involving a life threatening or otherwise serious medical condition, the player may
return to play and be deemed eligible upon receipt by ATP of a written statement
from the player’s personal physician concluding that the player’s medical con-
dition is sufficient to play in competition, and the Supervisor, following consulta-
tion with the tournament Doctor and/or a representative of ATP Medical Advisory
Board (who may require that the player undergo additional testing and obtain a
written statement clearing player to return to competition from a specialist physi-
cian), indicates that the player is eligible to play.
For retirements or withdrawals that are not deemed to be life threatening or other-
wise serious medical condition, the player may subsequently compete in another
event at the same tournament if the tournament Doctor determines that the play-
er’s condition has improved to the extent that the player may safely physically
perform at an appropriate level of play or no longer poses a significant health risk
to players, officials or Tournament Staff, whether the same day or on a later day.
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R. Medical Cases
Delayed Medical Time-Out
Case: A player has an accidental injury and asks to have a medical
time-out during the next changeover. What procedure should be
used for timing the treatment if the Physiotherapist arrives?
A. 30 seconds into the changeover?
B. After 60 seconds has elapsed on the changeover?
Decision A: The Physiotherapist has 3 1/2 minutes [but, as a
minimum, he has three (3) minutes to treat after completing his
diagnosis] to treat the player before the Chair Umpire announces
“Time”. The player then has 30 seconds to play, subject to the Point
Penalty Schedule.
Decision B: The Chair Umpire stops the clock at 60 seconds and
stops play until the Physiotherapist is ready to treat the player. The
three-minute medical time-out begins, and after the Chair Umpire
announces “Time”, the player has 30 seconds to play or be subject
to the Point Penalty Schedule.
Equipment Out of Adjustment (Knee Brace)
Case: During play, a player’s knee brace becomes out of adjust-
ment. The player requests time to repair his knee brace.
Decision: The player is allowed reasonable time to repair his knee
brace without penalty. Any medical apparatus worn by a player
shall be considered as equipment in regards to “Equipment Out of
Adjustment”.
Exceeding 90 Seconds: Code Violation
Case: If a player is receiving treatment by the Physiotherapist on a
90-second change-over, and the treatment goes over the allowed
90 seconds, what happens?
Decision: When the Chair Umpire says “Time”, the player must put
the ball in play within 30 seconds. Any delay after that will result in a
Code Violation.
Medical Time-Out and Re-Warm-Up
Case: If eight (8) minutes elapse before the Physiotherapist arrives
and treatment begins two (2) minutes later (the medical time-out
begins) and is completed after another three (3) minutes, is a re-
warm-up authorized?
Decision: No, a re-warm-up is not authorized.
Medical Time-Out Request Honored?
Case: A player asks for the Physiotherapist. After examination, it is
determined by the Physiotherapist that the player is suffering from
general fatigue that may not be improved by on-court medical treat-
ment. What course of action should the Chair Umpire take?
Decision: The Chair Umpire announces, “Let’s Play”, after the
Physiotherapist completes his diagnosis. Delays will be penalized in
accordance with the Point Penalty Schedule. The Chair Umpire has
the option to issue a Code Violation for Unsportsmanlike Conduct in
unusual cases.
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Medical Time-Out Starts When?
Case A: When does a medical time-out begin?
Decision A: Medical time-out begins when the Physiotherapist
arrives and is ready and able to treat the player. Thus, the Physio-
therapist has completed his examination/diagnosis and the medical
time-out starts when the Physiotherapist begins treating the player.
Case B: A player asks to see the Physiotherapist during the middle
of a game although the Chair Umpire observed no accidental injury.
What should the umpire do?
Decision B: First, tell the player that you will call the Physiotherapist
and he can see him at the changeover. If the player insists that he
cannot continue, then stop play and call the Physiotherapist. The
Physiotherapist will make the decision, upon examining the player,
whether a medical time-out is needed.
Only 90 Seconds to Re-Tape
Case: A player turns his ankle, which is taped by the Physiothera-
pist, and then on the next changeover wants the ankle re-taped.
Decision: The Chair Umpire may authorize the re-taping which
must be completed within the 90-second changeover or the Point
Penalty Schedule applies.
Penalties After Medical Time-Out
Case: When is the player penalized for going over three minutes on
a medical time-out?
Decision: After the Chair Umpire says “Time”; the player must put
the ball in play within 30 seconds. Any delay after that will result in a
Code Violation. The player is allowed the time necessary to put on
shoes, socks, ankle supports, etc.
Case: A player receives treatment on a changeover or receives
a Medical Time-Out. The player is then slow to resume play after
“Time” has been called. What is the appropriate penalty?
Decision: The appropriate Delay of Game Penalty (Warning, Point,
Game).
Case: After receiving treatment for cramping on the changeover, a
player plays one or more points and then is slow to resume play. If
the player goes over the allowed time, what penalty does the player
receive?
Decision: The appropriate Time Violation (Warning, Point/Fault).
Re-Injury
Case: A player injures his ankle and is granted a three (3) minute
medical time-out by the Physiotherapist. Five (5) games later, the
player asks for another medical time-out claiming that he has re-in-
jured the same ankle.
Decision: The Chair Umpire shall call for the Physiotherapist who
shall determine upon examination whether or not a three (3) minute
medical time-out is authorized.
Resuming Play After a Medical Time-Out
Case A: After an injury and a four-minute suspension (by the Chair
Umpire) for the arrival of the Physiotherapist, the Physiotherapist
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arrives and completes the treatment in one and 1/2 minutes. When
does play resume?
Decision A: Immediately.
Case B: After a player becomes injured, the Physiotherapist treats
the player in two (2) minutes. When should play resume?
Decision B: Immediately when the player and Physiotherapist are
satisfied with the treatment administered, but the treatment is not to
exceed three (3) minutes.
Tape Is Not “Equipment Adjustment”
Case: During play, a player requests play to be suspended in order
for him to adjust the tape on his ankle.
Decision: Play must continue. Taping is not considered as “Equip-
ment Out of Adjustment”.
Note: The Physiotherapist may be called to make adjustments
during the 90-second changeover; however, any delays shall be pe-
nalized in accordance with the Point Penalty Schedule. If the player
makes the adjustment without the help of the Physiotherapist and vi-
olates the continuous play rule, then the player shall be penalized in
accordance with the penalties set forth under “Unreasonable Delay”,
i.e., Time Violation.
Treatment for Fatigue
Case: May a Physiotherapist put his hands on a player suffering
from what appears to be fatigue?
Decision: Yes. The Physiotherapist then makes the decision re-
garding a medical time-out.
Treatment: Within 90 Seconds
Case: After an even game, a player asks to see the Physiothera-
pist on the next changeover. The next game ends and 90 seconds
elapse without the Physiotherapist arriving on-court. The player
asks that the changeover time be extended so that he may receive
treatment. His rationale is that the Physiotherapist’s arrival to the
court is not the player’s fault.
Decision: The Chair Umpire suspends play until the Physiotherapist
examines the player and determines whether a medical Time-out is
needed.
When to Take a Medical Time-Out?
Case: What happens if a player is injured during a match and
decides not to take his injury time-out right away? (Before the end of
the next change-over)
Decision: A player may call for the Physiotherapist at any time. The
Physiotherapist shall determine whether the medical time-out is to
be authorized.
Chair Umpire Orders Medical Time-Out
Case: A player has an accidental ankle injury and the Chair Umpire
believes that continued play will result in non-professional play. May
the Chair Umpire stop play (and call for the Physiotherapist)?
Decision: Yes.
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Singles Retirement: Still in Doubles?
Case: A player retires from his singles match because of illness or
medical reason. May he compete in the doubles competition?
Decision: If upon examination by the tournament Doctor after the
retirement and again before the player’s scheduled doubles match,
it is determined that the player’s condition has “improved” to the
extent that he can compete at a professional level, then the player
may continue in the doubles competition. If the player’s condition
has not improved then he must not be allowed to compete in the
doubles.
S. Miscellaneous Officiating Cases and Decisions

Broken String: First Service Fault
Case: On a first service fault, the receiver breaks a string.
Decision: In Singles matches If the receiver changes his racquet,
then a first serve will be awarded to the server. If the receiver elects
not to change racquets, then the server must play a second serve.
In Doubles matches if the receiver changed the racquet with his
partner the Chair Umpire should award a second serve unless in his
opinion the replacement time was such that the server was delayed
in his delivery of a serve.
Broken String: First Service Let
Case: The receiver breaks a string on a first service let.
Decision: The receiver must change racquets. A player is allowed
to finish the point with a broken string but may not start a point with
a broken string.
Broken String: No Racquets
Case: The player breaks a string in his last racquet.
Decision: The player is not allowed to continue with broken strings.
The player is subjected to the penalties set forth in the Point Penalty
System for Unreasonable Delay.
Receiver Not Ready
Case: The receiver is not ready but looks up as the second serve is
hit, reflexes a return and says, “wait.”
Decision: Second serve. The server should observe that the
receiver is ready. (If the Chair Umpire believes that gamesmanship
is involved on the part of the receivers, then he may issue a code
violation for Unsportsmanlike Conduct).
Ball Hits Net Post Signage
Case: The ball, while in play, hits the top of the ATP net signage and
goes into the proper court.
Decision: ATP net signage will be considered permanent fixtures
(other than the net, posts, singles sticks, cord or metal cable, strap
or band) and will result in the loss of point.
Ball hits Overhead Camera Cable
Case: A player throws up a lob which is over the court and it hits the
cable supporting Spider Cam which is positioned diagonally across
the court from the service line to baseline. Is the point awarded to
the opponent; is the point replayed; or does play continue?
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Decision: The cable is considered a permanent fixture and there-
fore, it is a loss of point.
Invasion: Ball in Play
Case: A player’s dampening device flies out of his racquet and
touches the net or goes into his opponent’s court.
Decision: If the ball was still in play, the player loses point. The
dampening device shall be considered a part of the racquet.
Invasion: No Replay
Case: After the point has been completed, player discovers oppo-
nent’s dampening device lying in his court. The player claims a point
based on Rules of Tennis, rule “Rule 24”).
Decision: The point stands as played. Since the Chair Umpire did
not see the dampening device land in the opponent’s court, he may
not rule that an invasion occurred. Invasion occurs only when the
ball is in play. Since the Chair Umpire did not know the timing of the
incident, he may not assume that an invasion did occur.
Player Hits Net Pipe Support
Case: A player touches a “pipe support” with his foot while the ball
is in play.
Decision: In this case the “pipe support” is to be considered as part
of the net; thus if a player touches it while the ball is in play, he loses
the point.
Touching Net or Opponent’s Court
Case: If while the ball is in play a player’s foot slides under the net
but does not touch the net, should this still be considered a “touch”
since the net should have extended fully to the court surface?
Decision: No. This cannot be considered a “touch” if the player did
not actually touch the net. It is likely, however, that an invasion has
occurred from the player’s foot touching his opponent’s court. If this
did occur, then the Chair Umpire shall call an “invasion” and award
the point to the player’s opponent.
Ball Touches Net Pipe Support
Case: The ball falls over the net and hits the “pipe support ”used on
indoor courts.
Decision: In this case, the “pipe support” is to be considered as
part of the court; thus when the ball hit the pipe, it would be ruled as
a first bounce.
Player Touches Net Outside of Singles Stick
Case: A player runs for a drop shot and returns it into the oppo-
nent’s court and then runs into net between net post and singles
stick. What is the ruling?
Decision: Play continues. This part of the net is considered a per-
manent fixture.
Ball Rolls Onto Court
Case: After a first service fault, a ball comes into the court from
another court.
Decision: If the server has started his motion, then a first serve
shall be awarded. In other cases, a second serve shall be played
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unless in the opinion of the Chair Umpire the delay was unusually
long and unfairly disrupted the rhythm of the server.
Umpire Unsighted
Case: A Line Umpire is unsighted and the Chair Umpire cannot
make the decision.
Decision: The point is replayed, except in the case where it was
discovered after the point had been completed that during a rally a
Line Umpire had been unsighted. In that case, the point would stand
as played.
Intimidating Line Umpire
Case: A serve is hit near the sideline and the receiver, hearing no
call, immediately turns around and screams at the Line Umpire. The
Line Umpire, who had signaled good, then calls and signals out.
Decision: The Chair Umpire rules the serve good based on the Line
Umpire’s original call. The Supervisor, if called, upholds the Chair
Umpire’s decision based on an official not changing his call based
on a player appeal.
Note: The Chair Umpire may have to ask for the Line Umpire’s
original call if he is uncertain or disregard the Line Umpire’s call and
make the call himself.
Service Order
Case: In a doubles match, Team A serves out of order. After two
points have been played, the Chair Umpire realizes the mistake.
Decision: The Chair Umpire should correct the mistake immediate-
ly.
Receiving Order
Case: In a doubles match, the players on the team switched their
receiving positions during the set. When this is realized, what action
should the Chair Umpire take?
Decision: The original receiving positions of each player on that
team must be taken after the completion of the game in progress.
If error occurred during a tie break, then the receiving order shall
remain as altered until the completion of the tie break game.
7.23 Line Umpire Requirement, Positions and Calls

A. Number for Matches
1) Full Complement of Line Umpires. If a Chair Umpire has a full complement of
Line Umpires, then the assignments shall be as follows:
a) Base, side, center service and service Line Umpires call all “Outs” and
“Faults” for their respective lines.
b) Net judge calls all “Nets” and “Throughs” (if designated by the Chair Umpire),
measures the net height at the beginning of each set and administers the ball
changes. A net device may be authorized for use.
c) Base, side and center service Line Umpires call “Foot Faults” on their respec-
tive lines.
d) Chair umpire calls all “Lets,” “Foul Shots,” “Foul Strokes,” “Hindrances,” “Not
Ups” and “Touches.”
e) Line umpires shall not be permitted to call through the net.
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2) Less than a Full Complement of Line Umpires. If less than a full complement
of Line Umpires is available, the following should be used (Sufficient Line Um-
pires must be assigned in the main draw so that the Chair Umpire is not solely
responsible for calling any one line.):
a) Seven (7) Line Umpires. All long lines are called only up to the net. Serves
are called from the receiver’s end and the center Line Umpire returns to his
assigned sideline after the serve is put into play, i.e., there is movement
during the point. The assignments for seven (7) Line Umpire crew are as
follows:
i) Four (4) side Line Umpires, one of who calls the receiver’s center service
line; after the serve is put into play, this umpire returns to his assigned
side line. (The umpire calling the center service line on the receiver’s end
moves during the point when he returns to his assigned side line after the
serve is put into play.). In addition, the side Line Umpire on the receiver’s
end shall alternate calling the center service line of the “deuce” and “ad-
vantage” courts, moving between points.
ii) One Line Umpire calls serves at each end of the court.
iii) One Line Umpire calls each base line (2).
iv) Chair umpire calls all “Lets,” “Not Ups,” “Foul Shots,” “Touches,” “Hin-
drances” and “Throughs.”
b) Six (6) Line Umpires.
i) Three (3) umpires cover the long lines; the side service lines are called
through the net from the server’s end of court and the center service line
is called from the receiver’s end.
aa) There is no movement during a point.
ii) One Line Umpire calls serves at each end of the court.
iii) One Line Umpire calls each base line (2).
iv) Chair umpire calls all “Lets,” “Not Ups,” “Foul Shots,” “Touches,” “Hin-
drances” and “Throughs.”
c) Five (5) Line Umpires. The assignments are the same as for the six (6) man
crew, except that the center service Line Umpire shall move after the serve to
the side line.
d) Four (4) Line Umpires. The assignments are the same as for the five (5)
man crew, except that the Chair Umpire, depending on personal preference
and court surface, selects the lines that he will call.
e) Less Than Four (4) Line Umpires. The Chair Umpire shall assign the Line
Umpires to the best advantage possible.
f) Umpiring Without Line Umpires. If a Chair Umpire is required to umpire a
match without any Line Umpires, or without a full complement of Line Um-
pires, then the Chair Umpire must make the calls for the net and all unattend-
ed lines. If the Chair Umpire is unable to give a decision on a call or other
questions of fact, then he must order a “Let” to be played.
Players Don’t Call Lines
Case: In ATP Tour or ATP Challenger Tour qualifying events where
approval has been granted to use less than five (5) Line Umpires
per match; may the Chair Umpire designate certain or all lines for
the players to make the calls?
Decision: No. If a Chair Umpire is required to umpire a match
without any Line Umpires or without a full complement of Line Um-
pires, then the Chair Umpire must make the calls for the net and all
unattended lines.
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B. Hand Signals of Line Umpires
The approved hand signals are as follows:

1) “Out” or “Fault.” The arm should be fully extended sideways at shoulder height,
pointing in the direction in which the ball has fallen, palm of the hand facing the
Chair Umpire, fingers extended and joined. If the ball falls out of the court to the
left or the right, the left or right arm as the case may be is extended after the ver-
bal call of “Out” or “Fault” (as applicable) is made. The hand signal is in addition to
and is secondary to the verbal call of “Out” or “Fault”; the hand signal must never
be used instead of the verbal call.
2) “Good Ball.” The hands shall be pointed down with palms down and fingers
extended together. There is no verbal call for a good ball. The hand signal is used
in silence and only when necessary to verify that a close ball was good.
3) “Unsighted.” The hands are placed beneath the eyes facing in the direction of
the Chair Umpire but not affecting the vision of the Line Umpire. The hand signal
verifies that a Line Umpire is unable to call a ball because of his vision being
obscured. There is no verbal call for a Line Umpire being unsighted and the hand
signal is used in silence.
7.24 Scoring of Match

A. Manual
The Chair Umpire shall mark his scorecard in accordance with the following:
1) Pre-Match. Before the pre-match meeting with the players, ensure the comple-
tion of the information requested on the scorecard such as name of tournament,
round, players’ names, etc.
2) Toss. After the “toss,” note who won the toss, their election, etc.
3) Warm-Up. Note the time that the warm-up begins.
4) Time. Note the time play begins and concludes in each set.
5) Sides For Serve. Note the initials of each player in the order of their serves and
also on the side of the scorecard corresponding to their proper sides of the court.
6) Ball Change. Mark in advance the game for which a ball change will be made on
the left side of the scorecard.
7) Points. Points should be made by slanted marks in the boxes on the scorecard
and/or by the following code:
“A” - Ace
“D” - Double Fault
“C” - Code Violation
“T” - Time Violation
“.” - First Service Fault (a dot shall be made in the middle of the bottom line of
the Server’s box).
8) Games. Games may be marked by either of the following methods:
a) Method A. The cumulative total of games won by each player is set out in the
“Games” column at the end of each game; and
b) Method B. The cumulative total of games won by the winner of each game
only is set out in the “Games” column at the end of each game.
208
B. Handheld Device
Instructions will be provided on-site at ATP Tour tournaments for the operation of the
handheld scoring device.
C. Point Penalty Card
The Chair Umpire must mark his Point Penalty Card in accordance with the following:
1) Post-Match. If a Code Violation, Time Violation or Post Match incident occurs,
complete the information requested on the Point Penalty Card, such as name of
tournament and a summary of the incident.
2) Rules Violation. The violation should be checked and the Code section noted for
each violation.
3) Statement of Facts. A contemporaneous statement should be made of all the
facts (who, what, when, where and why) of the violation quoting verbatim any
statements made that are considered to be obscene or abusive.
7.25 Announcing
A. Calls of On-Court Officials
The verbal calls of the on-court officials shall be made loudly and clearly in English
and any other appropriate language as follows:
1) “Fault.” If either the first or second service fails.
2) “Out.” If a return hits the ground, a permanent fixture or another object outside
the court.
3) “Net” If a service hits the top of the net.
4) “Footfault” If a player violates rule 7 or 8 of the Rules of Tennis.
5) “Let.” If the Chair Umpire determines that a point should be replayed.
6) “Not Up.” If a player fails to hit a ball in play on the first bounce.
7) “Foul Shot” or “Touch.” If a ball is intentionally struck twice, or touched before
it comes over the net, or while volleying, the ball hits the court after leaving the
racquet before going over the net, or a player touches the net while the ball is in
play, or a ball in play touches a player, or anything that he wears or carries falls
into the opponent’s court or touches the net.
8) “Hindrance.” If a player deliberately or involuntarily commits an act which hin-
ders his opponent in making a stroke.
9) “Through.” If a ball goes through the net.
10) “Wait Please.” To preclude starting play when a hazard or other circumstance
makes it appropriate to delay the beginning of a point. Do not make this call if a
player’s arm is in motion to strike the ball (call “Let” immediately after the serve is
struck).
11) Overrule. Make the following announcement:
a) “Correction, the ball was in;” or
b) “Out” or “Fault.”
209
B. Code and Time Violations
The following are examples of Code of Conduct announcements to be used:

1) Point Penalties assessed for violation of the Code should be announced in accor-
dance with the following examples:
“Code Violation, Delay of Game, Warning, Mr..___(last name).”
“Code Violation, Verbal Abuse, Point Penalty, Mr..___(last name).” “Let’s
play” (“Let’s Play” is optional).
“Code Violation, Verbal Abuse, Game Penalty, Mr..___(last name).”
If instructed by the Supervisor, the announcement for a default shall be, for exam-
ple:
“Code Violation, Unsportsmanlike Conduct, Default, Mr..___(last name).”
2) Time Violations resulting from non-compliance with the Unreasonable Delay pro-
visions of the Code shall be announced in accordance with the following exam-
ples:
“Time Violation, Warning, Mr..___(last name).” (“Let’s Play” is optional.)
Subsequent Delays by the Server:
“Time Violation, 2nd Service” (“Let’s Play” is optional.)
Subsequent Delays by the Receiver:
“Time Violation, Point Penalty, Mr..___(last name).”(“Let’s Play” is optional.)
3) After a point or game penalty, the new score is announced.
4) If a Chair Umpire wants the Supervisor to assess an immediate default, he is to
announce “Code Violation, Supervisor to the court.”
5) A player cannot appeal to the Chair Umpire for the withdrawal of a “Time Viola-
tion” or “Code Violation” given to his opponent.
6) Code Violations shall be announced in English.
C. Language - Chair Umpire
Chair umpires should announce matches in the language of the tournament and sub-
sequently in English. Conversations between the Chair Umpire and player may be in
any language; however, if the language used is not English, then the Chair Umpire
must be prepared to advise the other player of the nature of the discussion.
D. Medical Time-Out
The following are examples of announcements to be made when there is a medical

time-out:
When the Chair Umpire decides to call for the Physiotherapist, the Chair Umpire
shall announce:
“The Physiotherapist has been called to the court.”
After a three (3) minute time-out is authorized, the Chair Umpire should make the
public announcement of:
“Mr..________________is now receiving a medical time-out.”
The following announcements are to be made privately to the Physiotherapist and
both players/teams:
210
“Two (2) minutes remaining”
“One (1) minute remaining”
“Thirty (30) seconds remaining”
“Treatment complete”
“Time” (public)
Once the “Treatment complete” notice has been given to the Physiotherapist and
both players/teams, then if needed, the player should be given the time neces-
sary to put on socks and shoes before “Time” is called.
If there is no play after an additional thirty (30) seconds, the delay is penalized in
accordance with the Point Penalty Schedule.
E. Player Introductions
The following are examples of announcing statements to be used for player introduc-
tions:
1) If the introduction of players is to be made from the chair, then during the warm-
up, the Chair Umpire says: “This is a ___round singles/doubles match, best of
three (3) tie-break sets. To the right of the chair _____(full name) and to the left of
the chair _____(full name).____(full name)won the toss and elected to _____.”
2) If the introduction of players is made by a tournament announcer, then before
each player’s first service game the Chair Umpire says: “______(full name) to
serve.” (optional - “first set “).
F. Score
The following are examples of announcing statements to be used for scoring:

1) The Server’s score is always called first, except in the Tie-break.
2) The score is announced: Fifteen-Love, Love-Fifteen, Thirty-Love, Love-Thirty,
Forty-Love, Love-Forty, Fifteen-All, Fifteen-Thirty, Thirty-Fifteen, Fifteen-Forty,
Forty-Fifteen, Thirty-All, Thirty-Forty, Forty-Thirty, Deuce (never Forty-All), Ad-
vantage ____(last name), Game _____(last name). For No-Ad scoring, when the
score reaches deuce, the chair should announce: “Deuce, Deciding Point, Re-
ceiver’s Choice.”
3) The score must be announced loudly and distinctly when a point is finished for the
players and the crowd. The Chair Umpire has the option to make the announce-
ment either before or after the applause, whichever guarantees the announce-
ment can be heard by the players. “Timing” for the next point begins when the
point ends, not when the announcement is made.
4) At the end of a game or set the Chair Umpire, in addition to announcing “Game
_____(last name),” should announce the score in games in conformity with the
following example:
“Game Smith, Jones/Smith lead 4 games to 2 (or 4-2)” or Game Smith, 3
games all.”
“Game and third set, Smith, 7 games to 5. Jones leads 2 sets to 1.”
211
If there is a scoreboard visible to the spectators, then the set number need not be
mentioned. In such case only the score in games should be announced: “Game
Smith, first game.”
5) When a set reaches the Tie-break, the Chair Umpire announces:
“Game Smith, 6 games all. Tie-break.”
6) During the Tie-break, the score is announced by first giving the score and then the
name of the player(s) leading, e.g.:
“1-0, Jones” or “1-0, Jones/Smith” (Use “Zero” rather than “Love” in the Tie-
break.)
“1 All”
“2-1,Smith”
At the conclusion of the Tie-break, the Chair Umpire announces:
“Game and _____set,_____(last name), 7 games to 6 (or 7-6).”
7) At the conclusion of the match, the Chair Umpire announces the winner in confor-
mity with the following example:
“Game, set and match Smith (optional -3 sets to 2); 3-6, 5-7, 7-5, 6-1, 6-3.”
In each set, call first the number of games won by the winner of the match.
8) During the warm-up, the following examples of announcing statements should be
used at the appropriate times:
“Three (3) minutes - 3 minutes until warm-up ends.
“Two (2) minutes” - 2 minutes until warm-up ends.
“One (1) minute” - 1 minute until warm-up ends.
“Time” (optional - “prepare to play”)- end of warm-up; direct balls to Server’s
end of court.
“______” (full name), (optional - “first set”), to Serve, Play” - immediately prior
to Server preparing to serve.
212

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VII.

D. Entry Deadline Extensions

7.04 Entry/Withdrawal Method

ATP Next Gen Programme

Junior Accelerator Spots (JAS)

• Challengers 50 and 75 - Junior Accelerator Spot can be awarded to up to two (2)

College Accelerator Spots (CAS)

• Challengers 50 and 75 - College Accelerator Spots can be awarded to up to two

A. Main Draw - Singles

B. Main Draw - Doubles

2) On-Site Entry - ATP Tour - See 7.03 B. 1) c)

D. No Play After Withdrawal

E. Withdrawals from the qualifying competition at ATP Tour/Challenger Tour tourna-

7.06 One Tournament Per Week and Exception

7.07 Play-Up Regulation (ATP Challenger Tour Tournaments)

ATP Challenger 125 up to (3) three wild cards

51-100 1 wild card limited to a player of the same

7.08 The Draw

B. Composition of Draws - ATP Tournaments

Total Direct Wild Special

Total Direct Wild Special Late

C. Composition of Draws - Challenger Tour Tournaments (unless otherwise ap-

Singles Doubles Direct Acceptances Wild

Singles Doubles Direct Acceptances Wild

Singles Doubles Direct Acceptances Wild

3) ATP Challenger Tour Tournaments

Total Direct Acceptances Wild

7.09 Size and Method of Draw

7.10 Special Exempts (SE)

C. Selection of Special Exempt

D. Special Exempt Process

7.11 Time of Draw

7.12 Wild Cards

7.13 Selection of Entries

D. Doubles Main Draw – ATP Challenger Tour

7.14 Seeds Definition

7.15 Number of Seeds

*ATP Challenger Tour Qualifying only

7.16 Placement of Seeds - Main Draw

16 Draw 32 Draw 64 Draw 96 Draw

7.17 Qualifying Placement

7.18 Byes - Assignment and Placement

B. Doubles Main Draw

7.19 Remake of Draw

7.20 Lucky Losers, Substitutions and Vacancies

Case: A team submits an advance entry for a 250 tournament with

B. Lucky Loser/Alternate Substitution

Alternate Sign-In Procedures

ATP Challenger Tour

D. Prior to Qualifying Competition

E. Qualifying started or finished

When is the withdrawn player replaced?

7.21 Match Scheduling

B. Tournament Week Plan

C. Daily Scheduling Overview

The Supervisor determines when a match is to be called. Players must be ready to

If because of rain, etc., a tournament cannot be completed within the tournament

G. Rest Periods - Minimums and Guidelines

Case: A player competes in a Grand Slam Junior match on the final

7.22 On-Court Procedures and Requirements