Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 1 views

    Bastar Craton

    Uploaded by

    kailashpadhi74

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Bastar Craton

    Uploaded by

    kailashpadhi74
    1 views7 pages

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    1 views7 pages

    Bastar Craton

    Uploaded by

    kailashpadhi74

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    You are on page 1of 7

    Bastar Craton (Bhandara Craton)

    Geological Map
    Introduction
     Located between three cratonic nuclei of India, the Dharwar
    Craton in the southwest, the Singhbhum Craton in the northeast,
    and the Bundelkhand Craton in the northwest.
     The southeastern and the northern margins of the craton are
    bordered by the Proterozoic orogenic belts constituting the
    Eastern Ghats Mobile Belt and the Central Indian Tectonic Zone
    (the Satpura Mobile Belt), respectively.
     Age= Paleoarchean Era (~3582 Ma).
     Stratigraphy can be divided as Kotri-Dongargarh Orogen and Rest of the Craton.

    Lithology
     Gneissic Complex
    o TTG suites exposed in south and west of Bastar
    Craton
    o Age= 2500-2600Ma indicating a crustal
    accretion age
    o Vestiges of supracrustals yield ages of 3510Ma
    (Markampara Gneiss) and 3560Ma (Kapsi
    Gneiss). The younger supracrustal
    belts resemble the Archaean greenstone sequences and comprise mafic and felsic
    volcanic rocks and meta-sedimentary sequence containing BIFs. These greenstone belts
    have gold mineralization
    o This TTG gneiss encloses patches of continental sediments of quartzite-carbonate-pelite
    (QCP facies)= Amgaon and Sukma group. Sukma age around 3000Ma whereas Amgaon
    is younger.
    o Sukma and Bengpal: stable continental rift environment. Both have age= 3000Ma.
    o Large younger granites intrude the gneisses and supracrustals= Dongargarh granite
    intrudes into Kotri-Dongargarh orogen.
     Granulite Belts
    o Included high grade supracrustals like charnockite, leptynite etc.
    o Occur in 3 prominent belts:
     Bhopalpatnam Granulite belt: occur in north of godaveri grabben; at contact of
    bastar and dharwar craton.
     Kondagaon granulite belt: northern margin of Indravati Purana Basin. Age=
    2600Ma comparable to Karimnagar Granulites.
     Balaghat-Bhandara belt: part of CITZ and Satpura orogeny
     Kotri-Dongargarh Orogen
    o Supracrustal belt intruded by Dongargarh Granite.
    o 2 types: equigranular granite (Intraplate A type granite) and the porphyritic granodiorite
    (I type volcanic arc granite). Malanjkhand granite is an I-type
    o N-S trending belt containing several cycles of sedimentation and volcanism
    o Younging towards north
    o Intra-cratonic orogen as it doesn’t extend beyond Bastar Craton; thus not called mobile
    belt which is around craton margin.
    o Overlain unconformably by the ‘Purana’ sedimentary basins (Chattisgarh, Abujhmar).
    o Truncated in the south by CIS (Central India Shear)
    o Bimodal Volcanism: The Bijli Formation characterized by ignimbrites & rhyolites and is
    interpreted to be a plinian volcanism to fissure eruption in a continental setting
    o The Pitepani volcanics have the geochemical signature of within-plate basalts.
    o two tectonic models have been proposed for the development of these rock units:
    continental rifting and island-arc environment.

    KOTRI DONGARGARH OROGEN


    CHILPI GROUP Greywacke-Pelite association with carbonates: Mn bearing
    KHAIRAGARH GROUP Mafic volcanics alternating with clastics. within-plate and continental tholeiites
    NANDGAON GROUP Mafic-Felsic volcanism and pyroclastics. volcanics to be of alkaline affinity
    formed under stable crustal conditions by midcrustal anatexis.
    BAILADILA GROUP Basic volcanic-Clastics-BIF association
    SUPRACRUSTALS, GNEISSES
     Isolated Fold belts
    o Triangular SAKOLI belt bounded by shear zones on all 3 sides. Pelites with felsic volcanic
    and pyroclasts. Hots sedex type Cu-Zn and Au-scheelite mineralization. Lithologically
    comparable to Chilpi Group.
    o SONAKHAN fold belt is described as ‘Greenstone Belt’ comprising of mainly pillowed
    basic volcanic and tuff overlain by clastic sediments. Unconformably overlain by
    Chattisgarh ‘Purana’ basin correlatable with Nandgaon group.
    o BENGPAL fold belt: synclinorium, marginal to Eastern ghat, consists of basalt-andalusite-
    phyllite-arenite association
     Mafic Dyke Swarms
    o Amphibolites dolerite dykes emplaced in
    NW direction
    o Cuts across regional gneissosity. From
    Archean to proterozoic age.
    o subalkaline mafic dykes with amphibolite
    facies metamorphism.
     Proterozoic Purana Basins
    o Abujhmar, Indravati, Chattisgarh,
    Pranhita-Godaveri basins
    o Flat bedded QCP sequences
    unconformably resting over basement TTG
    gneisses, granite and supracrustals
     The Palaeoproterozoic rocks of the Bastar Craton
    constitute two major linear belts in the
    northwestern part of the craton
    o Northern belt: dominantly
    metasedimentary succession of the Sausar
    Group and the
    o Southern belt mainly volcano-sedimentary
    rocks (the Dongargarh Supergroup) and a
    metasedimentary belt comprising the
    Chilpi Group.
    o Both of the belts were affected by an
    orogenic event (Satpura Orogeny I) and
    associated high-grade metamorphism and
    syntectonic granite intrusions at c. 2100
    and c. 1950 Ma.
    Sausar Group
     Precambrian metasedimentary rocks of the Sausar Group are exposed on the southern flanks of
    the Satpura Mountain Belt of central India.
     Basement: Tirodi gneiss I- an older TTG suite. It has a nonconformable relation to Sausar Group
     The Sausar Group shows three phases of superposed deformation represented by isoclinal
    folds with axial planar schistosity
     deformed during the Satpura orogeny.
     Age <2400Ma
     Deformation: metamorphism of greenschist to upper amphibolite facies
     Presence of ‘dropstones’ and ‘diamictites’: glacial environment
     The evolution of the basin took place by rifting with basic volcanism (?) and deposition of
    carbonates. This was followed by glaciation with deposition in fault-controlled troughs, and
    postglacial transgression/deposition of dolomites, fine clastics and manganese formation.

    Granitic Activities
     Granulite facies metamorphism at the end of Archaean time (nearly 2600Ma) followed by
    intrusion of alkali feldspar megacrystic granites and pink granites (Sukma granite IV; Keskal,
    Darbha, Sitagaon, Dongargarh and Malanjkhand granitoids). Other major granites are Kanker
    and Jhiram granite.

    Economic Aspects
    Bailadila group: Iron ore; Sausar and Chilpi Group: Manganese; Sonakhan Group: Gold; Malanjkhand: Cu
    Tectonic Evolution
     On TTG gneiss basement, rift was formed in which amygdular basalts were filled in association
    with clastics forming Bengpal Group
     Widespread granitic activities in Bengpal Group during 2500-2600Ma
     Followed by N-S trending continental rift setting called Kotri Dongargarh orogen. Superior type
    BIF deposited in this hosting rich deposits like Bailadila, Dalli-Rajhara.
     After this, felsic and mafic volcanism (Nandgaon Group) ensued
     Dongargarh granite (2300Ma) intruded nandgaon group
     Another basalt-sst cycle deposited= Khairagarh group. It concluded the dongargarh continental
    rift. Fine clastic sediments of Chilpi group followed khairagarh group.
     Chilpi group was affected by E-W Satpura orogeny.
     Over this purana basins got deposited.

    You might also like