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Quadrilateral diagonals bisect each other. Adjacent

In geometry a angle are supplementary.

d1 d2
A=bh ; A=
quadrilateral is a four-sided ;
2
polygon, having four edges
(sides) and four corners
P=2 (l+ w)
(vertices). The word is derived
from the Latin words quadri, a  Rhombus all four
variant of four, and latus, meaning "side". It is sides are of equal
also called a tetragon, derived from Greek length (equilateral). An
"tetra" meaning "four" and "gon" meaning equivalent condition is that
"corner" or "angle", in analogy to other polygons the diagonals perpendicularly bisect each
(e.g. pentagon). Since "gon" means "angle", it is other.
analogously called a quadrangle, or 4-angle. A Theorem 1: a rhombus is a parallelogram
quadrilateral with vertices. Its vertices are Theorem 2: diagonals bisect each other
named as A, B, C, D respectively. (Wiki). Theorem 3: diagonals bisects its interior
angles
S=180 ( n−2 )=180 ( 4−2 )=360
 Rhomboid is a parallelogram in which
Thus, the sum of its angles are 360 adjacent sides are of
degrees or 2 π radians unequal lengths, and
some angles are
Euler diagram of some types of oblique (equiv.,
simple quadrilaterals. (UK) having no right
denotes British English and angles).
(US) denotes American
English.
 Rectangle all four angles are right
angles (equiangular).
 Trapezoid at least An equivalent
condition is that the
one pair of opposite sides
diagonals bisect each
are parallel. A= other and are equal in
( a+b ) h
length. Has A=lwsin90 area. The length
 Isosceles
2
of the diagonal is equal to
Trapezoid
√ l 2+ w 2
one pair of 1. Theorem 1: a rectangle is a
opposite sides are parallelogram
parallel and the base 2. Theorem 2: its diagonals bisect each
angles are equal in other.
measure.  Square all four sides are of equal
 Parallelogram is a quadrilateral with length (equilateral), and all
two pairs of parallel four angles are right
sides. Equivalent angles. An equivalent
conditions are that condition is that
opposite sides are of opposite sides are
equal length; that parallel (a square is a
opposite angles are equal; or that the parallelogram), and that

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the diagonals perpendicularly bisect each Dividendo - If a : b = c : d then (a - b) : b
other and are of equal length.

= (c - d) : d.
 Oblong longer than  Convertendo - If a : b :: c : d then a : (a -
wide, or wider than b) :: c : (c - d).
long (i.e., a rectangle  Componendo-Dividendo - If a : b :: c : d
that is not a square). then (a + b) : (a - b) :: (c + d) : (c - d).
 Kite two pairs of adjacent  Addendo - If a : b = c : d = e : f, value of
sides are of equal length. each ratio is (a + c + e) : (b + d + f)
This implies that one
diagonal divides the kite Direct Proportionality Given an
into congruent triangles, independent variable x and a dependent variable
and so the angles between y, y is directly proportional to x if there is a
the two pairs of equal sides positive constant k such that: y=kx ;
are equal in measure.
y ∝x

Inverse Proportionality
Midline Theorem
Two variables
states that if the
are inversely proportional
midpoints of two sides of a triangle are (also called varying inversely,
connected, then the resulting line in inverse variation, in inverse
segment will be parallel to the third proportion)[2] if each of the
side and have half of its length. variables is directly
The midpoint theorem generalizes proportional to the
to the intercept theorem, where multiplicative inverse (reciprocal) of the other,
rather than using midpoints, both sides are or equivalently if their product is a constant.[3]
partitioned in the same ratio It follows that the variable y is inversely

Ratio
proportional to the variable x if there exists a
shows how many times one number
contains another. For example, if there are eight non-zero constant k such that:
k
y=
oranges and six lemons in a bowl of
x

Continued Proportionality
fruit, then the ratio of oranges to
is a kind of
lemons is eight to six (that is, 8:6,
which is equivalent to the ratio proportion wherein the ratio of first and second
4:3). Similarly, the ratio of lemons to oranges is quantities is equal to the ratio between second
6:8 (or 3:4) and the ratio of oranges to the total and third quantities. Let us consider three
numbers x, y, and z such that x : y = y : z when
amount of fruit is 8:14 (or 4:7). part : wholⅇ
x , y, and z are in continued proportion.
Proportion
x y
equality of two ratios a :b=c :d .
=
y z
Basis for
Intervendo - If a : b = c : d then b : a = d : Ratio Proportion
Comparison

c.
 Alterendo - If a : b = c : d then a : c = b : Meaning Ratio refers to the When two ratios
d. comparison of two are set equal to
values of the same each other, it is
Componendo - if a : b = c : d then (a + b) :
unit. called as

b = (c + d) : d.be
proportion.

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Basis for any two angles of another triangle, then they
Ratio Proportion
Comparison must be similar triangles.

What is it? Expression Equation SAS Similarity Criterion if

any two sides of the first
Denoted by Colon (:) sign Double Colon (::) triangle are in exact
or Equal to (=) proportion to the two sides of
sign the second triangle along
with the angle formed by
Represents Quantitative Quantitative these two sides of the individual
relationship relationship of a triangles are equal, then they must be similar
between two category and the triangles.
categories. total
SSS Similarity Criterion
Keyword 'To every' 'Out of'
two triangles will the similar to

Similar Triangles
each other if the corresponding
such as △ABC and ratio of all the sides of the two
△A'B'C', are similar if their corresponding angles triangles are equal.
have the same measure, implying that their sides
are proportional. This is known as the AAA Right Triangle Similarity if the altitude
similarity theorem. Other criteria for similarity drawn to the hypotenuse of a right triangle, then
include congruent angles, proportional sides, the two triangles formed are like the original
and the SAS similarity criterion. Similar triangle and to each other. (Ate Audrey, N.D.)
triangles can be found in equilateral
triangles, parallel triangles,
altitudes, and right triangles.
They also provide the basis for
many synthetic proofs in
Euclidean geometry, such
as the angle bisector
theorem, geometric mean theorem, Ceva's
theorem, Menelaus's theorem, and Pythagorean
theorem.

Similar Triangles Congruent

AB BC AC
Triangles
' '
= ' '= ' '
A B BC AC

Thales’ Theorem states

that if A, B, and C are distinct Similar triangles have Congruent triangles
points on a circle where the the same shape but are the same in
line AC is a diameter, may be different in shape and size.
the angle ∠ ABC is a right angle. size. They They superimpose
superimpose each each other in their
AA or AAA Similarity other when magnified original shape.
Criterion if any two angles in a or demagnified.
triangle are respectively equal to

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They are
They are represented
represented using
using the symbol is
the symbol is
‘~’. For example,
‘≅’. For example,
Similar triangles ABC
Congruent triangles
and XYZ will be
ABC and XYZ will
represented as,
be represented as,
△ABC ∼ △XYZ
△ABC ≅ △QPR

The ratio of all the

corresponding sides
The ratio of
is equal in similar
corresponding sides
triangles. This
is equal to 1 for
common ratio is also
congruent triangles.
called 'scale factor' in
similar triangles.

:3

cat of luck

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