EASTERN SAMAR STATE UNIVERTSITY

COLLEGE OF LAW

Course Title: CONSTITUTIONAL LAW 2

COURSE DESCRIPTION

The course deals primarily with the provisions of the 1987 Constitution and related jurisprudence,
particularly the provisions on the Bill of Rights (Article III), Citizenship (Article IV) and Suffrage (Article V).

COURSE OUTLINE

THE FUNDAMENTAL POWERS OF THE STATE

Similarities
Differences
Ferrer v. Bautista, G.R. No. 210551, June 30, 2015
Aquino v. Municipality of Malay, Aklan, G.R. No. 211356, September 29, 2014
Limitations

THE POLICE POWER

Definition and Scope

Kabataan Party-List v. Commission on Elections, G.R. No. 221318, December 16, 2015
Characteristics
Exercise of the Police Power

RIMANDO V. NAGUILAN EMISSION TESTING CENTER, G.R. NO. 198860. JULY 23, 2012
Fernando v. SSC, March 12, 2013

Tests of the Police Power

Lawful Subject
Lawful Means
Integrity of the Police Power
Balacuit v. CFI of Agusan del Norte, 163 SCRA 182 (1988)
Binay v. Domingo, 201 SCRA 508 (1991)
City of Manila v. Laguio, Jr., 455 SCRA 308 (2005)
White Light Corp., vs. City of Manila, 576 SCRA 416 (2009)

EMINENT DOMAIN

Definition and Scope

Republic of the Philippines v. Mupas, G.R. No. 181892, September 8, 2015
Barangay San Roque v. Heirs of Pastor, 334 SCRA 127 (2000)
Suguitan v. City of Mandaluyong, 328 SCRA 137 (2000)
 Jesus is Lord Christian School Foundation, Inc. vs. Municipality of Pasig, GR 152230,
August 9, 2005

Who May Exercise

Destruction from Necessity
Necessity of Exercise
Private Property
Taking
Secretary of the Department of Public Works and Highways v. Sps. Tecson, G.R. No.
179334, April 21, 2015
Republic of the Philippines v. Mupas, G.R. No. 181892, September 8, 2015

Public Use
National Power Corporation v. Posada, G.R. No. 191945, March 11, 2015
Quezon City v. Ericta, 122 SCRA 759 (1983)
Barangay Sindalan, San Fernando, Pampanga v. Court of Appeals, 518 SCRA 649 (2007)

Just Compensation
Land Bank v. Lajom, G.R. No. 184982, August 20, 2014
Sps. Mercado v. Land Bank of the Philippines, G.R. No. 196707, June 17, 2015
Republic of the Philippines v. Mupas, G.R. No. 181892, September 8, 2015
Republic of the Philippines v. Soriano, G.R. No. 211666, February 25, 2015

TAXATION

Nature
Ferrer v. Bautista, G.R. No. 210551, June 30, 2015
Scope
Exercise

Tio v. Videogram Regulatory Board, 151 SCRA 208 (1987)

Maceda v. Macaraig, 223 SCRA 217
Tolentino v. Secretary of Finance, 235 SCRA 630 (1994)

Due Process and Taxation

Commissioner of Internal Revenue v. Petron Corporation, G. R. No. 185568, March 21,
2012
Coca-Cola v. City of Manila, G.R. No. 161893 June 27, 2006)

Equal Protection and Taxation

Double Taxation
China Banking Corporation v. City Treasurer of Manila, G.R. No. 204117, July 1, 2015
Public Purpose
Tax Exemptions
China Banking Corporation v. City Treasurer of Manila, G.R. No. 204117, July 1, 2015

BILL OF RIGHTS AND PRIVATE ACTS

 Yrasegui vs. PAL, G.R. No. 168081, Oct. 17, 2008
People v. Marti, G.R. No. 81561, Jan. 18, 1991
Zulueta v. CA, G.R. No. 107383, Feb. 20 1996

DUE PROCESS OF LAW

Origin of Due Process

Evolution of Due Process
Meaning of Due Process
Cudia v. The Superintendent of the Philippine Military Academy, G.R. No. 211362,
February 24, 2015
CLT Realty Development Corporation v. Hi-Grade Feeds Corporation, G.R. No. 160684,
September 2, 2015
Person
Deprivation
Life
Liberty
Property
Substantive Due Process
Carolino v. Senga, G.R. No. 189649, April 20, 2015
Yinlu Bicol Mining Corporation v. Trans-Asia Oil and Energy Development Corporation,
G.R. No. 207942, January 12, 2015
Procedural Due Process
Judicial Due Process
Impartial and Competent Court
Bilbao v. People, G.R. No. 175999, July 1, 2015
St. Raphael Montessori School, Inc. v. Bank of the Philippine Islands, G.R. No. 184076,
October 21, 2015

Jurisdiction
Development Bank of the Philippines v. Teston (569 Phil. 137 (2008))
Bucal v. Bucal, G.R. No. 206957, June 17, 2015
Hearing
Republic of the Philippines v. Mupas, G.R. No. 181892, September 8, 2015
Securities and Exchange Commission v. Universal Rightfield Property Holding, Inc., G.R.
No. 181381, July 20, 2015
Acampado v. Sps. Comilla, G.R. No. 198531, September 28, 2015

Appeal
Manila Mining Corporation v. Amor, G.R. No. 182800, April 20, 2015
Jaylo v. Sandiganbayan, G.R. Nos. 183152-54, January 21, 2015
Exceptions
Nuisances
Aquino v. Municipality of Malay, Aklan, G.R. No. 211356, September 29, 2014
Presumptions
Judgment
 Administrative Due Process
Brown Madonna Press, Inc. v. Casas, G.R. No. 200898, June 15, 2015
Villanueva v. Judicial and Bar Council, G.R. No. 211833, April 7, 2015
Kabataan Party-List v. Commission on Elections, G.R. No. 221318, December 16, 2015

EQUAL PROTECTION

Definition
Persons Protected
Classification
Requirements
Substantial Distinctions
Ferrer v. Bautista, G.R. No. 210551, June 30, 2015
Villanueva v. Judicial and Bar Council, G.R. No. 211833, April 7, 2015
Ricalde v. People, G.R. No. 211002, January 21, 2015

Relevance to Purpose of Law

Ferrer v. Bautista, G.R. No. 210551, June 30, 2015
1-United Transport Koalisyon v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 206020, April 14, 2015

Applicability to All

People v. Cayat, 68 Phil. 12

Ormoc Sugar Co. v. Treasurer of Ormoc City, 22 SCRA 603
Tan v. Del Rosario, 237 SCRA 324
Phil Association of Service Exporters v. Drilon, 163 SCRA 386
People v. Jalosjos, G.R. No. 132875, February 3, 2000
Int’l. School Alliance of Educators v. Quisumbing, G.R. No. 128845, June 1, 2000

SEARCHES AND SEIZURE

Scope of Protection
Jacaban v. People, G.R. No. 184355, March 23, 2015

Requisites of a Valid Warrant

Existence of Probable Cause
Navaja v. de Castro, G.R. No. 182926, June 22, 2015
ABS-CBN Corporation v. Gozon, G.R. No. 195956, March 11, 2015
Estrada v. Office of the Ombudsman, et al., G.R. Nos. 212140–41, January 21, 2015
Philippine Deposit Insurance v. Casimiro, G.R. No. 206866, September 2, 2015
PCGG v. Gutierrez, G.R. No. 194159, October 21, 2015

Determination of Probable Cause

Anlud Metal Recycling Corporation v. Ang, G.R. No. 182157, August 17, 2015
Microsoft Corporation v. Samir Farajallah, G.R. No. 205800, September 10, 2014
Aguinaldo v. Ventus, G.R. No. 176033, March 11, 2015
Pilipinas Shell Petroleum Corporation v. Romars International Gases Corporation, G.R.
No. 189669, February 16, 2015
 Mayor Balindong v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 177600, October 19, 2015

Examination of Applicant
People v. Punzalan, G.R. No. 199087, November 11, 2015

Particularity of Description
People v. Posada, G.R. No. 196052, September 2, 2015

Properties Subject to Seizure

Admissibility of Illegally Seized Evidence
People v. Sorin, G.R. No. 212635, March 25, 2015
Tiongco v. People, G.R. No. 192284, March 11, 2015
People v. Mercado, G.R. No. 207988, March 11, 2015
People v. Angngao, G.R. No. 189296, March 11, 2015
Alcaraz v. People, G.R. No. 199042, November 17, 2014
Ogayon v. People, G.R. No. 188794, September 2, 2015
People v. Salibad, G.R. No. 210616, November 25, 2015

Warrantless Arrests, Searches and Seizures

People v. Chi Chan Liu, G.R. No. 189272, January 21, 2015
Comerciante v. People, G. R. No. 205926, July 22, 2015
Alcaraz v. People, G.R. No. 199042, November 17, 2014
Celedonio v. People, G.R. No. 209137, July 1, 2015
Sydeco v. People, G.R. No. 202692, November 12, 2014
People v. Cunanan, G.R. No. 198024, March 16, 2015
Homar v. People, G.R. No. 182534, September 2, 2015
Ogayon v. People, G.R. No. 188794, September 2, 2015

Privacy of Communication and Correspondence

Vivares v. St. Theresa’s College, G.R. No. 202666, September 29, 2014
Gamboa v. Chan, G.R. No. 193636, July 24, 2012, 677 SCRA 385
Ricky Pollo v. Karina David G.R. No. 181881. October 18, 2011
Salcedo- Ortanez v. Court of Appeals (G.R. No. 110662, August 4, 1994
Ramirez v. CA, G.R. No. 93833 Sept. 28, 1995
Valmonte vs. Belmonte, G.R. No. 74930. February 13, 1989
Alejano v. Cabuay, G.R. No. 160792, Aug. 25, 2005
Spouses Hing v. Choachuy, G.R. No. 179736; June 26, 2013

The Rule on the Writ of Habeas Data, A. M. No. 08-1-16-SC, Jan. 22, 2008
The Data Privacy Act

LIBERTY OF ABODE AND TRAVEL

Purpose
Limitations

Marcos v. Manglapus, 178 SCRA 760

 Silverio v. Court of Appeals, 195 SCRA 760
Defensor-Santiago v. Vasquez, 217 SCRA 633
Romuladez-Marcos v. Sandiganbayan, G.R. No. 115132, August 9, 1995

FREEDOM OF RELIGION

Religion in the Constitution

Perfecto v. Judge Esidera, A.M. No. RTJ-15-2417, July 22, 2015
Leus v. St. Scholastica’s College Westgrove, G.R. No. 187226, January 28, 2015

Separation of Church and State

Intramural Religious Disputes
Religious Profession and Worship
Freedom to Believe
Freedom to Act on One’s Beliefs
Religious Tests

Aglipay v. Ruiz, 64 Phil. 201

Pamil v. Teleron, 86 SCRA 413
Garces v. Estenzo, 104 SCRA 510
Ebralinag v. Division Superintendent of Schools of Cebu, 219 SCRA 256
Velarde v. Social Justice of Society, 428 SCRA 283 (2004)
Taruc v. Dela Cruz, G.R. No. 144801, March 10, 2005
Estrada v. Escritor, 492 SCRA 1, 2006
Ang Ladlad LGBT Party v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 190582, Apr. 8, 2010

FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION

Importance
Scope
Diocese of Bacolod v. Commission on Elections, G. R. No. 205728, January 21, 2015

Modes of Expression
Elements
Freedom from Censorship
GMA Network, Inc. v. Commission on Elections, G.R. No. 205357, September 2, 2014
Diocese of Bacolod v. Commission on Elections, G. R. No. 205728, January 21, 2015
Social Weather Station v. Commission on Elections, G.R. No. 208062, April 7, 2015
1-United Transport Koalisyon v. Commission on Elections, G.R. No. 206020, April 14,
2015
Davao City Water District v. Aranjuez, G. R. No. 194192, June 16, 2015

The Clear and Present Danger Rule

The Dangerous Tendency Doctrine
The Balance-of-Interest Test
 Gonzales v. Kalaw-Katigbak, 137 SCRA 717 (1985)
Iglesia Ni Cristo v. Court of Appeals, 259 SCRA 529
In Re Emil Jurado, Ex Rel: PLDT, 243 SCRA 299 (1995)
Flor v. People, G.R. No. 139987, 31 March 2005
Disini v. Sec of Justice, GR No. 203335, 22 April 2014

Content Neutral and Content-Based Regulations

Soriano v. MTRCB (G.R. No. 165636, Apr. 29, 2009

Chavez v. Gonzales, G.R. No. 168338, Feb. 15, 2008
Davao City Water District v. Aranjuez, G. R. No. 194192, June 16, 2015
Diocese of Bacolod v. Commission on Elections, G. R. No. 205728, January 21, 2015

Criticism of Official Conduct

Borjal v. CA, G.R. No. 126466, Jan. 14, 1999

Art and Obscenity

MTRCB v. ABS-CBN, 448 SCRA 575 (2005)

Ayer Productions v. Judge Capulong, 160 SCRA 861
Viva Productions v. CA and Hubert Webb, G.R. No. 123881, March 13, 1997
Miriam College Foundation v. Court of Appeals, G.R. no. 127930, Dec. 15, 2000
Pita v. Court of Appeals, 178 SCRA 362 (1989)

Assembly and Petition

Bayan Muna v. Ermita, G.R. No. 169838, April 25, 2006
IBP v. Mayor Atienza, GR No. 175241, February 24, 2010

Tests
Right of Association

Phil. Blooming Mills Employees v. PBM, 51 SCRA 189 (1973)

Occena v. COMELEC, 127 SCRA 404
United Pepsi Cola Supervisory Union v. Laguesma, G.R. No. 122226, March 25, 1998
Davao City Water District v. Aranjuez, G.R. No. 194192, June 16, 2015
SSS Employees Association v. CA, GR. No. 85279, July 28, 1989
Ateneo de Manila v. Capulong (1993)

Access to Information

Chavez v. PEA and Amari, G.R. No. 133250, July 9, 2002

Chavez v. PCGG, G.R. No. 130716, December 9, 1998
Aquino-Sarmiento v. Morato, 203 SCRA 515
 Re: Request for Radio-TV Coverage of the Trial in the Sandiganbayan of the Plunder
Cases Against the Former President Joseph E. Estrada, A.M. No. 01-4-03-SC, June 29,
2001

THE IMPAIRMENT CLAUSE

Contract
Law
Obligation
Impairment

Phil. Rural Electric Cooperatives Assoc., v. Secretary, DILG, G.R. No. 143706, June 10,
2003
Presley v. Bel-Air Village Association, 201 SCRA 13 (1991)

Limitations
Social Weather Station v. Commission on Elections, G.R. No. 208062, April 7, 2015

EX POST FACTO LAWS

Ex Post Facto Law / Bill of Attainder

People v. Hidalgo, G.R. No. 203313, September 2, 2015

Bayot v. Sandiganbayan, 128 SCRA 383
Lacson v. Executive Secretary, G.R. No. 128096, January 20, 1999
Fajardo v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 128508, Feb. 1, 1999

NON-IMPRISONMENT FOR DEBT

INVOLUNTARY SERVITUDE

Definition
Exceptions
Application

THE WRIT OF HABEAS CORPUS

When Available
In the Matter of the Petition for Habeas Corpus of Minor Shang Ko Vingson Yu, UDK No.
14817, January 13, 2014
In the Matter of the Petition for Habeas Corpus of Datukan Malang Salibo, G.R. No.
197597, April 8, 2015
Procedure

Feria v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 122954, Feb. 15, 2000

Ilusorio v. Bildner, 332 SCRA 169 (2000)
 Jackson v. Macalino, G.R. No. 139255, Nov. 24, 2003
In Re: Reynaldo de Villa, 442 SCRA 706 (2004)

Grounds for Suspension

Ilagan v. Enrile, October 21, 1985

Writ of Amaparo
Burgos v. Esperon, G.R. No. 178497, February 4, 2014
Yusay v. Segui, G.R. No. 193652, August 5, 2014
Mison v. Gallegos, G. R. No. 210759, June 23, 2015

SPEEDY DISPOSITION OF CASES

People v. Tee, 395 SCRA 419 (2003)

People v. Lacson, 400 SCRA 267 (2003)
Anchangco Jr., v. Ombudsman, 13 Februqry 1997
Tatad v. Sandiganbayan, 21 March 1998
Lopez v. Ombudsman, 6 September 2001

RIGHTS OF THE ACCUSED

Criminal Due Process

Aguinaldo v. Ventus, G.R. No. 176033, March 11, 2015
ABS-CBN Corporation v. Gozon, G.R. No. 195956, March 11, 2015
Estrada v. Office of the Ombudsman, G.R. Nos. 212140-41, January 21, 2015
Self-Incrimination
Scope
De Castro v. People, G.R. No. 171672, February 2, 2015

When Available
Waiver
Custodial Investigation
Mesina v. People, G.R. No. 162489, June 17, 2015
De Castro v. People, G.R. No. 171672, February 2, 2015
People v. Dandanon, G.R. No. 196258, September 28, 2015
People v. Guting, G.R. No. 205412, September, 9, 2015
Bail

Marcos v. Cruz (G.R. No. 46490, January 24, 1939

Heras Teehankee v. Rovira, G.R. No. L-101, Dec. 20 1945
Montano v. Ocampo (G.R. No. L-6352, January 29, 1953
U.S. v. Judge Puruganan, G.R. No. 148571, December 17, 2002
Serapio v. Sandiganbayan, 396 SCRA 443 (2003)
Ocampo v. Hon. Abando, (G.R. No. 176830, February 11, 2014
Enrile v. Sandiganbayan, G.R. No. 213847, August 18, 2015
People v. Valdez, G. R. No. 216007-09, December 8, 2015
Presumption of Innocence
People v. Andaya, G.R. No. 183700, October 13, 2014
People v. Samson, G.R. No. 214883, September 2, 2015
Delariva v. People, G.R. No. 212940, September 16, 2015
People v. Dandanon, G.R. No. 196258, September 28, 2015
People v. Mirondo, G.R. No. 210841, October 14, 2015

Right to Be Heard
Assistance of Counsel
Nature and Cause of Accusation
People v. Nuyok, G.R. No. 195424, June 15, 2015
People v. Gallano, G.R. No. 184762, February 25, 2015
People v. Lapore, G.R. No. 191197, June 22, 2015
People v. Esugon, G.R. No. 195244, June 22, 2015
Zoleta v. Sandiganbayan, G.R. No. 185244, July 29, 2015
Estrallado-Mainar v. People, G.R. No. 184320, July 29, 2015
Enrile v. People, G.R. No. 213455, August 11, 2015
People v. Sandiganbayan, G.R. No. 160619, September 9, 2015

The Trial
Bilbao v. People, G.R. No. 175999, July 1, 2015
People v. De Leon, G.R. No. 197546, March 23, 2015
Navaja v. de Castro, G.R. No. 182926, June 22, 2015

Trial in Absentia
Jaylo v. Sandiganbayan, G.R. Nos. 183152-54, January 21, 2015

The Right of Confrontation

People v. Monje, G.R. No. 146689, Sept. 27, 2002

People v. Ong, 432 SCRA 470 (2004)

Compulsory Process

People v. Chua, G.R. No. 128280, April 4, 2001

Prohibited Punishments (Cruel and Inhumane)

People v. Judge Dacuycuy, 173 SCRA 90

Lim v. People, G.R. No. 149276, Sept. 27, 2002
People v. Echegaray, 267 SCRA 682

Double Jeopardy
People v. De Leon, G.R. No. 197546, March 23, 2015
Requisites
 Complaint or Information
Competent Court
Jamaca v. People, G.R. No. 183681, July 27, 2015

Valid Plea
Canceran v. People, G.R. No. 206442, July 1, 2015

Termination of Case
People v. Arguta, G.R. No. 213216, April 20, 2015
People v. Torres, G.R. No. 189850, September 22, 2014
Appeal of Prosecution
Assistio v. People, G.R. No. 200465, April 20, 2015

Crimes Covered
Doctrine of Supervening Event
Inseparable Offenses
Act Violating Law and Ordinance

FREE ACCESS TO COURTS

Cabangis v. Almeda Lopez, 70 Phil. 443 (1940)

People v. Rio, 201 SCRA 702 (1991)
Re: Query of Mr. Roger C. Prioreschi Re exemption from legal and filing fees of the Good
Shepherd Foundation, Inc., A. M. No. 09-6-9-SC, August 19, 2009

CITIZENS OF THE PHILIPPINES

Citizens of the Philippines

Children of Filipino Parents
Election of Philippine Citizenship
Naturalization
Procedure
Republic v. Huan Te Fu, G.R. No. 200983, March 18, 2015
Republic v. Karbasi, G.R. No. 210412, July 29, 2015
Effects
Revocation
Mixed Marriages

Mo Ya Lim Yao v. Commissioner of Immigration, 41 SCRA 292

Loss and Reacquisition of Citizenship

Bengzon III v. HRET, 07 May 2001
Frivaldo v. COMELEC, 28 June 1996
Cordora v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 176947, February 19, 2009
Maquiling v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 195649. April 16, 2013Japson v. COMELEC, G.R .No.
180088, Jan. 19,2009
 Natural-born Citizens
Grace Poe v. COMELEC, GR 221697, GR 221698-700 March 8, 2016

Dual Allegiance – RA 9225 [Dual Citizenship]

David v. Agbay, G.R. No. 199113, March 18, 2015
Arnado v. Commission on Elections, G. R. No. 210164, August 18, 2015

SUFFRAGE

Caasi v. CA,191 SCRA 229

Macalintal v. COMELEC, G.R. 157013, July 10, 2003
Nicolas-Lewis v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 162759, August 4, 2006
Velasco v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 180051, December 24, 2008

-NOTHING FOLLOWS-