6. Extra Activities - New w12 (Sem Respostas)

RA
EXT TIES
C T IVI
A
LESSONS 301 and 302 •••
INSP IR AT IONAL
1 Complete the sentences with the words from the box.
would | suffer | didn’t | used | undermine
a. Dwarfism to be widely misunderstood, but this has changed.
b. Using analogies empower their speeches.
c. They used to from crippling anxiety, but after therapy, they overcame it.
d. We use to cultivate a mutual understanding in the past.
e. Self-doubt would her confidence.
2 Match the definitions. Then write sentences.
a. the feeling that you and your abilities are not good enough
b. funny and enjoyable
c. causing so much damage or harm that something no longer works
d. very nervous and anxious
e. to choose a particular person or place to do something, especially to attack them or criticize them
( ) crippling
( ) humorous
( ) to target
( ) panicky
( ) self-doubt
NAME DATE 3
•••
E X T R A ACT IV IT IE S
3 Complete the sentences with the phrases from the box.
humorous way | long fuse | uses analogies | feels panicky | new lease on life
a. She’s a very calm person. She has a !
b. They need to be happy and active again. They need a .
c. He’s always scared of heights. He about heights.
d. She likes making comparisons to explain things. She all the time.
e. He sees life in a funny way. He sees life in a .
4 Unscramble the letters and write words. Then write sentences.
a. e | n | m | e | t | r | m | p | w | o | e
b. n | a | g | a | y | l | o
c. r | d | s | w | f | m | i | a
d. a | t | u | m | l | u
e. s | n | r | f | t | a | m | r | o
4 EXTRA ACTIVITIES
INSP IR AT IONAL
1 Rewrite the sentences. Follow the model.
Isolation will probably provoke a feeling of loneliness. (likely; aggravate)

Isolation is likely to aggravate a feeling of loneliness.
a. I don’t believe her lifestyle will increase her longevity. (unlikely)
b. The collective effort is believed to curb the outbreak. (likely; epidemic)
c. Her influence is widespread and certain to shape opinions. (pervasive; bound to)
d. His condition probably labels him as a problem for society. (likely; stigmatize)
e. If they are guilty, they are likely to face many problems. (culprits; bound to)
2 Choose the correct option.
a. Considering his loneliness, he is likely / is bound to experience feelings of isolation.
b. With the rise of social media, the feeling of epidemic / loneliness has become pervasive / in terms of.
c. Given the favorable circumstances, it is likely / unlike that we will find the culprit.
d. The spread of misinformation is bound to / likely worsen during the epidemic / longevity.
e. Exercising frequently is likely to / unlikely improve one’s well-being.
NAME DATE 5
•••
3 Complete the text with the words from the box.
stigmatize | likely | isolation | aggravate | robust
In terms of mental health, can social media feelings such as

? The answer is yes. Individuals are more likely to experience loneliness
on a regular basis. This constant exposure to well-chosen images and unrealistic standards can
those struggling with their mental well-being. However, building
coping mechanisms and seeking professional support will diminish
these effects. By fostering open conversations and promoting self-care practices, communities
are more to create a healthier online environment. Recognizing the
potential impact of digital interactions is crucial, as it can shape attitudes and behaviors towards
mental health in the modern age.
4 Answer the questions with your own ideas.
a. What do you do to promote your longevity?
b. What are your thoughts on the repercussions of loneliness today?
c. What do you think about the pervasive influence of technology in our lives?
d. How do you think experiencing isolation can impact one’s emotional well-being?
e. What are individuals usually stigmatized for?
6 EXTRA ACTIVITIES
INSP IR AT IONAL
1 Complete the sentences with the New Words from Lesson 305.
Follow the model.
The injury to her back was debilitating, stopping her from working.
a. Her face turned red with when she realized her mistake.
b. They reached a on the best decision after significant discussion.
c. They presented an extraordinary for growth and success.
d. Starting a new life in a foreign country might be .
e. When she knew she got a new job, she felt a rush of !
2 Choose the correct answer.
a. After experiencing a traumatic event, one should seek support from therapist.
a the no-article
b. He felt the adrenaline as he saw audience waiting for his speech.
an the no-article
c. She finds it difficult to categorize books as they are unique.
a the no-article
d. Their embarrassment left them feeling a mix of emotions, including sense of regret.
a the no-article
e. She took a moment to organize her thoughts before speaking, ensuring clarity in
her message.
a the no-article
NAME DATE 7
•••
3 Which sentence means…?
a. The collective effort of the team resulted in a sense of exhilaration.
The team’s combined effort caused some physical response.

The team’s combined effort generated a strong sense of excitement.
The team’s collective work resulted in a feeling of exhaustion.
b. The car accident was a traumatic experience for their children.
Their children quickly overcame the accident.

The car accident was caused by their children.
Their children were deeply affected by the car accident.
c. Fear of self-doubt shouldn’t hold me back from pursuing my dreams.
Fear of failure might hold me back from pursuing my dreams.

My lack of confidence ought not to stop me from pursuing my dreams.
Self-doubt is likely to prevent me from pursuing my dreams.
d. The thought of not reaching a consensus brings me out in a cold sweat.
Whenever I reach an agreement, I feel anxious.

Whenever I reach an agreement, I feel very nervous.
The fact of not reaching an agreement makes me feel nervous.
e. The prospect of becoming a manager seems daunting.
Becoming a manager is always scary.

The possibility of becoming a manager sounds frightening.
The idea of becoming a manager seems to get the adrenaline going.

a. e | s | s | m | a | a | b | n | t | m | r | r | e
b. t | a | t | b | n | l | i | g | e | d | i | i
c. e | h | i | i | t | l | x | a | r | o | n | a
d. c | t | a | z | e | o | e | i | r | g
e. a | g | i | n | t | d | n | u
8 EXTRA ACTIVITIES
SUST AINABILIT Y
a. the distance it is possible to see, especially when this is affected by weather conditions
b. motivation that encourages you to work harder
c. an idea, plan, or method that can work successfully
d. the amount of space a container, room, etc., has to hold things
e. a mixture of different things that combine together well
viable
blend
incentive
visibility
capacity
synthetic | incentives | scaled | viable | certify
a. We must analyze the environmental impact to the project.
b. such as tax credits encourage the implementation of sustainable

transportation.
c. Building bike lanes is for a few cities in the state.
d. There are great expectations that fuels will reduce emissions.
e. Renewable energy sources need to be up immediately.
NAME DATE 9
•••
3 Unscramble the words to form sentences.
a. considering | have | We | the | of | seriously | been | drop-in | fuels. | use
b. sustainability. | for | some | viable | just | up | scaled | projects | have | Companies
c. distilled | Some | people | use | oils. | already
d. are | having | issues | this | morning. | visibility | Pilots
e. company. | gap | managing | in | between | the | are | bridge | They | to | age
into | viable | certify | up | blend
In sustainable transportation, efforts are underway to some eco-friendly

practices. One approach involves a of traditional fuel with synthetic
alternatives, thus reducing carbon emissions. To put it context,
drop-in fuels, like biofuels, are gaining traction as solutions.
These synthesized options offer a promising path for reducing environmental impact without
compromising performance. As the world seeks greener alternatives, scaling
these innovations becomes imperative.
10 EXTRA ACTIVITIES
SUST AINABILIT Y
a. Researchers have been able to calculate sizes recently.
b. By illegally hunting, contribute significantly to biodiversity loss.
c. Biodiversity loss is causing many animal numbers to fall, leading to .
d. Human activities natural resources from their ecosystems.
e. work hard to stop habitat destruction.
a. Conservationists stopped arguing about the results of the research.
The debate among conservationists over the study’s findings ended.
Conservationists ceased for a moment to dispute the study’s findings.
b. Scientists tried to reverse the decline of endangered species.
Scientists attempted to reverse the decline of endangered species.
Scientists declined to reverse the decline of endangered species.
c. The professor remembered highlighting the altered results.
The professor recalled that he highlighted the results.
The professor recalled the need to highlight the results.
d. The poacher regrets hunting endangered animals for money.
The poacher has just said he feels sorry for killing the animal.
The poacher feels terrible about killing those animals.
e. Researchers went on to find solutions to reverse deforestation.
Researchers continued their efforts and discovered solutions to reverse deforestation.
Researchers continued their ongoing activity.
NAME DATE 11
•••
3 Match the sentence halves.
a. Biodiversity loss remains unpredictable, endangered species to reverse extinction.
b. Efforts to reverse biodiversity loss involve human-inflicted actions.
c. Conservationists try to preserve the habitats of descendant species.
d. The campaign to reverse biodiversity loss stops driving researchers to study its effects.
e. Scientists study the genome of pollution from taking center stage.
a. t | e | r | e | l | a | d
b. p | c | r | h | e | o | a
c. e | v | s | r | e | e | r
d. r | t | e | r | s | u | r | c | e
e. e | t | x | o | n | c | i | i | t | n
12 EXTRA ACTIVITIES
SUST AINABILIT Y
1 Match the words in bold to their synonyms.
a. She pursued her dreams with great ambitions for the future.
b. The company implemented functional changes to improve efficiency.
c. The new software provided significant improvements.
d. The government’s healthcare expenses have increased.
e. The startup wants to bloom in the competitive business landscape.
expenditures
flourish
aspirations
enhancements
operational
a. to improve something
b. when you do not like something, or you think it is unattractive
c. plans, ideas that are helpful in a way that prepares you for the future
d. to develop well and be successful
e. ideas that are firmly established
embedded
forward-thinking
bolster
off-putting
flourish
NAME DATE 13
•••
a. The idea of starting a fast-growing / free-falling company was embedded in his aspirations.
b. The company decided to invest in a new off-putting / free-standing office project.
c. We’ll bolster our budget with some free-standing / forward-thinking adjustments.
d. The CEO’s decision had far-ranging / fast-growing implications for the company’s future.
e. The company’s new product launch had a mind-blowing / hand-crafted impact on operational
management.
4 Write questions to the answers.
a.
The company emphasizes its commitment to sustainability in its eco-credentials.
b.
The outdated website design had an off-putting effect on potential customers.
c.
The new office building is free-standing, unlike the previous one, which was part of a larger
complex.
d.
The new software update offers time-saving benefits.
e.
The company’s recent progress can be described as fast-growing.
14 EXTRA ACTIVITIES
INV E NT IV E NE SS
dreadfully | avatars | ad blockers | metaverse | susceptible
a. How do you see the use of to boost one’s confidence?
b. The industrial use of the is already a reality in automotive design.
c. His speech was long. I couldn’t stand it anymore.
d. The company is targeting the most generations with their

commercial campaign.
e. You can permanently get rid of ads by using .
a. Virtual reality is expected to advance the growth of the metaverse.
b. The first results are favorable for the company’s future.
c. The company seeks to make money from its online platform through banner ads.
d. Users without ad blockers are more exposed to unwanted advertisements.
e. The company’s marketing campaign was criticized for being excessively aggressive.
auspicious
accelerate
monetize
overly
susceptible
NAME DATE 15
•••
3 Rewrite the sentences using but for. Follow the model.
He passed the exam due to his teacher’s extra help. (but for)
He would have failed the exam but for his teacher’s extra help.
a. They avoided being immersed in marketing messages by using an ad blocker.
b. The programmers used a banner ad to avoid cluttering the platform with ads.
c. He ensured the security of his avatar with secure encryption.
d. The company placed a banner ad to monetize their site.
e. She navigated the virtual world with the direction of her avatar.
a. What are the pros and cons of integrating virtual reality technology into the metaverse?
b. How do ad blockers affect online browsing experiences?
c. How does technology accelerate innovation?
d. How do dreadfully realistic simulations affect people’s experiences in virtual environments?
e. How does jumping to conclusions impact relationships?
16 EXTRA ACTIVITIES
INV E NT IV E NE SS
a. the series of organizations involved in passing products from manufacturers to the public
b. the fact of making a place or substance dirty or harmful by putting something such as chemicals
or poison in it
c. prove that something is true or real
d. a business deal or action
e. to make a strong or advantageous connection with
to tap into
supply chain
contamination
to authenticate
transaction
a. The corporate | inability to deliver the goods may affect the transaction.
b. The company issued a product supply chain | recall after the contamination findings.
c. We decided to seek online consultancy | transaction from experts in digital technology.
d. The food contamination | mapping posed a severe risk to the city.
e. The investigative report exposed corporate | consultancy corruption.
NAME DATE 17
•••
3 Use the prompts to write mini dialogues. Follow the model.
Prompt 1: views – future digital technologies – the corporate world

What are your views on future digital technologies in the corporate world?
Prompt 2: I believe
I believe future digital technologies will play a crucial role in shaping the corporate world
by driving innovation.
a. Prompt 1: thoughts – the importance of the supply chain – today’s global economy
Prompt 2: I’d say that
b. Prompt 1: opinions – product recalls – impact consumers
Prompt 2: I suppose that
c. Prompt 1: concerned – food contamination – during transportation
Prompt 2: It’s entirely possible that
d. Prompt 1: feel – the evolution of digital consultancy – build the future of business
Prompt 2: If I had to make a guess
e. Prompt 1: possible changes – the corporate world – as technology advances
Prompt 2: It’s likely that
a. m | n | a | p | p | i | g d. e | r | a | l | c | l
b. i | i | l | n | y | a | t | b | i e. p | a | t i|n|o|t
c. a | i | h | t | c | u | t | a | e | t | e | n
18 EXTRA ACTIVITIES
INV E NT IV E NE SS
a. to invent a new word or expression
b. group of vehicles or ships traveling together
c. to move, drive, or push something forward
d. consisting of lines or in the form of a straight line
e. concerning or produced by magnetism
magnetic
to coin
linear
to propel
convoy
a. We decided to put forward a proposal to improve the car’s aerodynamics.
b. The technician coined a out thousands of units per hour to meet demand.
c. The car manufacturer pumped the surfaces to reduce friction.
d. The strong winds propelled new term to describe the flaw in the system.
e. They needed to put oil on the kayak to the shore.
NAME DATE 19
•••
a. the | expected | implementation | travel | hyperloop | is | to | of | time? | reduce | How | the
b. you | make | know | Do | how | model? | regression | linear | a | to
c. What | be | can | aerodynamic | to | systems? | done | the | improve
d. friction? | engine | to | reduce | used | the | What | be | can
e. the | The | essential |role | in | route. | convoy | played | safeguarding | an
a. The students created a new word to describe their invention.
b. More cars were produced to comply with the demand.
c. The factory suggested a new project to increase the profit.
d. The kite was pushed into the sky by the wind.
e. A continuous model of growth will be implemented soon to ensure advancement.
pumped out
put forward
propelled
linear
coined
20 EXTRA ACTIVITIES
BE HAV IOR S
intrinsic | egocentrism | misdeeds | harasser | unethical
a. can prevent effective communication due to self-centered thinking.
b. The was judged by their inappropriate behavior.
c. The positive environment is derived from its value.
d. behaviors can harm one’s reputation.
e. He’s been punished for his past .
a. They were bullies | misdeeds who coerced their classmates through intimidation every
single day.
b. The intrinsic | unscrupulous businessman exploited vulnerable customers by selling them

fake products.
c. He shouldn’t be entitled to | resort to violence; instead, he should have listened to people.
d. His egocentrism | misdeed made him believe that his ideas were always superior.
e. The company’s unethical behavior caused | forced a loss of trust.
NAME DATE 21
•••
wish | bullies | resorting | unscrupulous | coerce
In a world damaged by actions, often

force their will upon others. They exploit their power to intimidate and ,
disregarding the wishes and rights of their victims. Victims of bullying frequently
for a world free from such oppression, where respect and
compassion prevail over cruelty and aggression. Society must stand against bullies instead of
to silence, fostering a culture of empathy and kindness. Only then
can we create a world where everyone feels safe, valued, and free to pursue their dreams.
4 Complete the sentences with your own ideas.
a. I wish I could .
b. I wish I didn’t have to .
c. I wish people .
d. I wish I hadn’t .
e. I don’t wish to .
22 EXTRA ACTIVITIES
BE HAV IOR S
a. something that you think is true, although you have no definite proof
b. able to be trusted and depended on
c. to experience something, especially problems
d. a situation that could possibly happen
e. to be disloyal to someone who trusts you
trustworthy
assumption
scenario
to betray
to encounter
a. She couldn’t accept his dishonesty. His was the end of their
relationship.
b. As a professional critic, he tends to express his opinions. He is overly .
c. They meticulously plan each step of their lives, reflecting a approach.
d. The accusations against the protesters were . There was no evidence

at all.
e. He changed his statement multiple times, showing significant .
NAME DATE 23
•••
She is becoming more trustworthy as she keeps her promises. (the more / the more)
The more she keeps her promises, the more trustworthy she becomes.
a. He becomes more methodical as he grows. (the more / the more)
b. They encounter fewer problems as they learn to manage their emotions. (the more / the fewer)
c. Her comments get more baseless as she shows inconsistency in her conclusions. (the more /
the more)
d. She is less worried as she becomes less subjective. (the less / the less)
e. People make fewer assumptions as they get older. (the older / the fewer)
a. The unfounded rumors caused many problems in her life.
b. There were some discrepancies in their reports.
c. She has always been a reliable employee.
d. He has a reputation for having a very organized way of living.
e. They had never faced such a dramatic scenario.
encountered
methodical
trustworthy
baseless
inconsistencies
24 EXTRA ACTIVITIES
BE HAV IOR S
a. b / l / l / i / n / d / y
b. y / t / e / i / m / l
c. u / p / k / n / c / i
d. l / y / u / t / l / n / b
e. e / y / t / k / e / n / o
a. He’s getting | get ready to deliver the keynote speech tonight.
b. Despite many achievements, getting | get promoted in his job is his biggest challenge.
c. They must getting | get ready to speak in front of a big crowd tomorrow.
d. The team has been trying everything to getting | get ahead of their coworkers.
e. The company getting | got delayed in delivering a timely project.
NAME DATE 25
•••
a. admired as one of the best and most important
b. very surprised or shocked
c. cry noisily while breathing
d. something that solves a problem
e. as fast or as hard as possible
fix
prestigious
flat out
sob
astounded
a. What does success mean to you?
b. What motivates you to seek success in your life?
c. Can people get lost by blindly pursuing success? Why? Why not?
d. How does the need for success impact mental and physical health?
e. What circumstances would lead someone to reject opportunities that could lead to success?
26 EXTRA ACTIVITIES
J OUR NE YING
unfamiliar | liaison | sharpest | wanderer | reluctance
a. He’s been a for a while. He never stays in a single place for too long.
b. I don’t know anyone here. There are only faces.
c. She’s brilliant. She has the mind I’ve ever encountered!
d. At first, they were not willing to retrace their steps. But they finally agreed with some
.
e. We are so close at work that we have formed an effective between

the teams.
a. go back exactly the way you have come
b. happening sometimes but not often or regularly
c. repeat the main points of something that has just been said
d. giving off many small flashes of light
e. arrange things in a row
retrace
occasional
line up
glittering
recapitulate
NAME DATE 27
•••
3 Complete the sentences with the correct verb form. Follow the model.
I was going to retrace (be-going / retrace) my favorite journey.
a. We (be-going / establish) a good liaison at work.
b. She (be-meant / achieve) a glittering career.
c. We (be-supposed / set off) at 7:00 am local time.
d. As a wanderer, he (be-about / see) many unfamiliar faces.
e. They (be-not-supposed / deal) with such reluctance.
a. I wasn’t going to but .
b. I meant to .
c. I was about to when I .
d. I was supposed to , but instead I .
e. Back then, I thought .
28 EXTRA ACTIVITIES
J OUR NE YING
a. Traveling is a great among people, promoting mutual understanding.
b. They were looking at me without moving at all!
c. I don’t know what my next destination will be!
d. She many secret spots in a few days, making it impossible to enjoy

them properly.
e. We planned the trip so that we couldn’t stay at fancy hotels.
2 Match the definitions. Then write sentences
a. a quality or ability you are born with
b. very happy, or likely to make people very happy
c. travel many times from one side of an area to another
d. the process of becoming healthy and strong again
e. prepared to do something
healing
crisscross
joyful
innate
willing
NAME DATE 29
•••
a. She hopes to have recognized the best healing experience.
b. They appear to have crisscrossed her friend’s innate ability to be helpful.
c. He seems to have faced a spend all your budget on this trip.
d. You appear to have been willing to miraculous recovery from his injury.
e. They claim to have received the whole country.
a. She was willing to crisscross the country on her next vacation.
She was prepared to travel along the country.
She was not considering the idea of crisscrossing the country.
She was inclined to crisscross the country.
b. Despite the heavy rain, they climbed the mountain steadily.
They had to stop climbing many times due to the heavy rain.
Even though it was raining, they could continue climbing the mountain.
Even though it was raining, they had to make a few stops while climbing the mountain.
c. His innate curiosity for different cultures and places turned him into a wanderer.
He was born to work in tourism.
He was born to be an explorer.
He was born to work with history but ended up being a traveler.
d. During their vacation, they had to visit places on a budget.
While on vacation, they didn’t care about their expenses.
They traveled and couldn’t visit many places.
During their vacation, they had to opt for affordable trips.
e. We packed in a lot of sightseeing in a single day, which made us feel exhausted.
We were tired due to the exhausting sightseeing during the whole trip.
We got exhausted from planning a sightseeing trip.
We felt exhausted because we had seen too much in one day.
30 EXTRA ACTIVITIES
J OUR NE YING
a. was | There | discreet | of | death. | a | announcement | his
b. artisan. | mapped | out | They | a | good | city | the | find | to
c. birthplace? | sent | Why | to | she | back | was | her
d. school | was | The | snowfall. | because | of | closed | down | the
e. streets | birthplace. | memories | Cobbled | my | of | retraced
a. We were baffled by this city’s intricate network of streets and alleys.
b. We traveled to Japan last year and expect you to follow in our footsteps.
c. She couldn’t unravel what had happened with her luggage at the hotel.
d. The heat was oppressively intense when we left the airport.
e. You should keep an eye out for pickpockets while traveling.
do the same thing
watch carefully
solve
confused
severely
NAME DATE 31
•••
a. They needed to calm people down due to the bad weather.
b. They called the sightseeing trip off as tourism was weak.
c. The city closed its best attractions down home after the long trip.
d. Tourists sent their baggage back to after losing their documents.
e. We drove our parents back the hotel due to their flight cancellation.
4 Answer the questions with your ideas.
a. How do artisans contribute to cultural heritage?
b. How does snowfall influence tourism?
c. How do cobbled streets differ from modern paved roads?
d. What destination would you choose for your trip of a lifetime, and why?
e. What experiences or activities would make your trip of a lifetime unforgettable?
32 EXTRA ACTIVITIES
AP PR E NT ICE SHIP
criticism | switch | obstacle | simplistic | fixed
a. Much as she tried to face the , it seemed to worsen.
b. After persisting relentlessly, they got a positive in their lives.
c. His explanation of the theory was overly , making it easier

to understand.
d. as his mind is, his ability to adapt is indeed limited.
e. Much as he cultivated our friendship, it didn’t survive all the .
2
Choose the word that cannot be a synonym for the one in bold.
Follow the example.
a. We couldn’t see what would happen. We couldn’t predict that outcome.
result
cause
b. She felt threatened by the protesters in front of her company.
protected
endangered
c. They are always open to constructive criticism.
helpful
useless
d. Despite putting pressure on students, they consistently deliver late projects.
forcing
relieving
e. Much as we tried, we could never make it simplistic.
Moreover
Although
NAME DATE 33
•••
a. Should you put some pressure on him, one is likely to have remarkable outcomes.
b. By cultivating positive attitudes, people from thriving.
c. We should always ask for help if
we get stuck on something challenging.
d. The constant criticisms of her behavior led
he might give up.
e. Having a fixed mindset prevents
her self-esteem to be threatened.
a. o | s | i | c | t | u | e | n | c | t | r | v
b. o | m | u | t | c | o | e
c. h | e | e | t | n | t | d | r | e | a
d. c | b | l | o | e | a | s | t
e. t | e | g t|u|s|k|c
34 EXTRA ACTIVITIES
AP PR E NT ICE SHIP
a. related to the process of knowing, understanding, and learning something
b. a series of nerves that pass information to each other
c. to encourage or help an activity to begin or develop further
d. relating to a nerve or the nervous system
e. to give a computer a set of instructions that it can use to perform a particular operation
to program
cognitive
to stimulate
neural
pathway
I could have programmed the computer to run the test. (could/program)
a. She the cognitive process. (might/understand)
b. We her curiosity that much. (should/not/stimulate)
c. They something good happen. (could/make)
d. They the neural pathways deeper. (should/study)
e. He a better color perceptual experience. (could/not/create)
NAME DATE 35
•••
a. I should have finished .
b. They could have arrived earlier if .
c. She might have forgotten to .
d. He would have passed the test if .
e. They must have watched .
a. He could have improved his neural circuitry.
He indeed improved his neural circuitry.

He has been improving his neural circuitry.
He had the potential to improve his neural circuitry.
b. Driving should have been second nature to her by now.
Even after doing it for a long time, it’s still difficult for her to drive.
Driving will be natural for her as she’s been doing it often.
She’s been driving exceptionally well now.
c. She must have focused on her gross motor skills in her childhood.
She most likely developed her gross skills during her childhood.
She was willing to develop her gross skills during her childhood.
She tried to develop her gross skills in her childhood.
d. We would have programmed the computer if we had known the password.
We should have programmed the computer even though we did not know the password.
We could have programmed the computer if we had known the password.
We ought to have programmed the computer regardless of the password issue.
e. They may have developed a growth mindset by working with their mentors.
Working with their mentors may have helped them cultivate a growth mentality.
They could have developed a growth mindset by working with their mentors.
Working with their mentors may have prevented them from developing a growth mindset.
36 EXTRA ACTIVITIES
AP PR E NT ICE SHIP
a. The company plans to deploy its CMO overseas. chaotic

b. The sales team periodically delivers its reports. discuss
c. The economic situation has been facing turbulent
moments recently. negative
d. The board of directors will meet soon to confer on regularly

the proposed merger.
e. As a CEO, he uses a lot of pejorative words. assign
a. silos. | These | should | grains | in | stored | be | larger
b. been | Have | they | bankrupt? | declared
c. If | much | were | would | I | you, | avoid | so | I | exposure.
d. I | to | with | work | versatile | would | artists. | prefer | more
e. ideal | we | use | never | language. | In | scenario, | would | pejorative | an
NAME DATE 37
•••
a. If it were up to me, I’d periodically adopt new strategies in marketing.
b. The companies would much they’d never go bankrupt.
c. Given the choice, market wouldn’t face such a turbulent situation.
d. She must have connected the rather invest in cutting-edge technology.
e. In an ideal scenario, the dots without a shadow of a doubt.
4 Use the prompt to write sentences. Follow the model.
in an ideal scenario | they | to confer | on their issues

In an ideal scenario, they would confer on their issues.
a. without a shadow of a doubt | we | to invest | sales
b. if it were up to her | she | avoid | volatile negotiations
c. given the choice | I | not | allow | such an exposure
d. in a perfect world | people | not| would | use | pejorative language
e. given the opportunity | I | prefer | report my progress back | ASAP
38 EXTRA ACTIVITIES
CIV ILIZAT ION
a. The small village is in the plains of the central part of the country. importance
b. The historical city holds high value to the country. plateau
c. The determination of these residents made their region famous. continent
d. The mainland is known for its cultural value. perseverance
e. The empire’s legacy is largely reflected in the city’s architecture. widely
a. a | r | r | w | e | f | a
b. i | v | e | n | d | a
c. f | r | s | o | e | c
d. g | r | t | a | n
e. y | e | s | - | c | t | t | i | t | a
NAME DATE 39
•••
3 Complete the sentences with the verbs from the box.

Make the necessary changes to the verbs.
invade | fight | build | grant| join
a. By against social injustice, we try to make the world fairer.
b. forces is an excellent strategy to reach our goals.
c. After permission for the new project, the execution started promptly.
d. After the city, wanderers wanted a place to stay.
e. They were interested in a great empire.
a. How do you believe ancient Greek civilization influenced modern society?
b. Do you think ancient Greek democracy serves as a model for modern government? Justify.
c. What aspects of ancient Greek civilization do you find interesting?
d. How does ancient Greek mythology continue to influence culture today?
e. How interesting do you believe it would be to visit Greece today?
40 EXTRA ACTIVITIES
CIV ILIZAT ION
a. a disease that causes death and spreads quickly to a large number of people
b. a mistake, especially one that is caused by not understanding a situation correctly
c. a complete change from a bad situation to a good one
d. finally, after everything else has been done or considered
e. making someone feel extremely sad or shocked
turnaround
devastating
plague
misstep
ultimately
a. We find it fantastic that they conduct research before milestones

making decisions.
b. Some medical discoveries have been distinctive landmarks organize

in history.
intervene
c. The situation has worsened over the ensuing days.
d. The police decided not to interfere with the protesters. following
e. The new technological devices have swept across the teen market. move quickly
NAME DATE 41
•••
3 Rewrite the sentences using the words in parentheses. Follow the model.
It is essential to conduct medical research. (I – find)

I find it essential to conduct medical research.
a. It is challenging to achieve a remarkable turnaround. (she – find)
b. It is difficult to admit missteps. (they – find)
c. It feels devastating to receive negative news. (he – find)
d. It is so rewarding to visit important city landmarks. (we – consider)
e. It is easier for us to understand the Black Plague now. (science – make)
ensuing | interfered | turnarounds | devastating
The Black Plague, one of history’s most pandemics, swept across

Europe in the 14th century, causing widespread death. Its impact was
felt for generations, modifying societies and economies. As communities coped with the plague’s
devastation, they implemented various measures to contain its spread. Despite efforts, fear and
uncertainty often with daily life. Today, while medical advancements
have brought control over many diseases, the plague’s legacy serves as a reminder of humanity’s
ability to overcome adversity and achieve notable .
42 EXTRA ACTIVITIES
CIV ILIZAT ION
a. in | long-held | They | traditions | create | family. | did | their
b. The | incubators. | develop | does | cutting-edge | company
c. Did | a | evolutionary | provide | putative | They | example.
d. facts | the | These | patterns. | look | do | previous | akin | to
e. do | outs | to | The | the | have | the | of | laboratories | ins | consider | results. | and
a. The groundbreaking discoveries shattered some theories. discrediting

b. The research findings spread fast, casting aspersions on
the product. combine
c. We were not aware of all the ins and outs of the research. accuracy
d. Some social beliefs about gender roles converge with
cultural ideologies. destroy
e. The project was accomplished with great rigor. details
NAME DATE 43
•••
a. We do need extreme rigor and outs of computer systems.
b. He did shattered when doing genetic research.
c. I don’t understand the ins this kind of temptation.
d. His opponents cast my dreams when he refused the invitation.
e. She does need to avoid aspersions on his intentions.
They need to resist the temptation to stop the research. (do)

They do need to resist the temptation to stop the research.
a. The geneticist’s findings suggest that the genetic factors are important. (do)
b. He has studies that are akin to previous discoveries. (does)
c. She finished her master’s with great intellectual rigor. (did)
d. The evolutionary theory explains how species change over time. (does)
e. He cast aspersions on the professor’s integrity. (did)
44 EXTRA ACTIVITIES
BR E AKT HR OU GHS
a. There are many computers with lifelike interfaces nowadays. deeply

b. These new artworks are remarkably captivating. kind
c. Technology has been ubiquitous these days. everywhere
d. We still believe that many people are benevolent. realistic
e. Some industries were profoundly affected by the implementation fascinating
of technology.
a. to describe something correctly and thoroughly again
b. the part of a computer system that connects two different machines
c. the part of a business activity that is concerned with buying and selling goods in competition
with other companies
d. to take action or make changes that you have officially decided should happen
e. an idea, plan, organization, etc. that someone has thought of without any help from anyone else
to implement
interface
to redefine
marketplace
brainchild
NAME DATE 45
•••
The new smartphone impressed everyone. (so | laptop)

The new smartphone impressed everyone, and so did the laptop.
a. The donors’ benevolent actions benefit the community. (so | similar initiatives)
b. The company’s latest product launch wasn’t successful. (neither | previous one)
c. He has implemented a new system in his company. (so | she)
d. We’re profoundly shocked by the innovative technology. (so | he)
e. The performance wasn’t as captivating as we expected. (neither | music)
a. They want to make the instructions simpler. d. They decided to make drastic changes by
They want to . new methods.
redefine them giving up
boil them down changing
be at the forefront of it implementing
b. This new interface is very attractive. It is

e. Technology for saving water and energy is
.
no longer a privilege for developed countries.
captivating It is now .
ubiquitous rare
benevolent ubiquitous
c. Their company is cutting-edge and has overrated
always been
technological advances.
behind
at the forefront of
among
46 EXTRA ACTIVITIES
BR E AKT HR OU GHS
1 Unscramble the letters and write words. Then, write sentences.
a. i | n | n | o | n | a | o | i | t | v
b. e | m | n | h | t | i | s | p
c. t | i | r | a | n | s | t
d. o | t | r
e. g | o | r | r | e | w
If I were (to be) a grower, I would cultivate organics for a living.
a. The shipment (to ruin) if they had analyzed it first.
b. If the vegetables are in transit now, they (to be) edible due to the
weather conditions.
c. They would have donated more food if they (to have) a surplus of it.
d. If the shipment (to be) delayed, the client may file a complaint.
e. I (to buy) more from that grower if their products didn’t often smell
like rot.
NAME DATE 47
•••
a. I would have invested in technology if I had enough money in the bank.
I do not want to invest in technology because I do not have enough money.
I didn’t want to invest in technology even having enough money.
I wanted to invest in technology, but I didn’t have enough money.
b. We will end the deal if they don’t deliver the shipment today.
There will be no deal anymore in case the shipment isn’t delivered today.
The deal will be canceled even if the delivery happens today.
The deal will be canceled if the delivery arrives late today.
c. There will be more innovation in the food industry if companies invest in research.
Research will benefit the food industry through innovation.
Innovation doesn’t depend on research investment.
The food industry needs to invest in innovation.
d. Only if growers invest in eco-green credentials will they reach the milestone of sustainability.
The milestone of sustainability will be unreachable for growers.
Growers may invest in eco-green credentials if they want to reach the milestone of
sustainability.
Growers must invest in eco-green credentials if they want to reach the milestone of
sustainability.
e. These fruits would be edible if they didn’t smell like rot.
These fruits weren’t edible.
These fruits aren’t edible.
These fruits won’t be edible.
a. If I were , I would .
b. If I had started earlier, I would be now.
c. If I had a superpower, I would .
d. If I were a CEO, I .
e. If I had eaten more , I would have been .
48 EXTRA ACTIVITIES
BR E AKT HR OU GHS
a. excessive exposure to something harmful
b. to make something go away, especially a belief, idea, or feeling
c. the fact of something happening
d. involvement in a crime, together with other people
e. to find something after searching for it
to dispel
to unearth
overexposure
occurrence
complicit
dispel | lead | cover-ups | whistleblowers | deaf
exposure incidents have always raised significant concerns about

public health and safety. Often due to outdated infrastructure or contaminated environments,
it results in serious risks, especially to children and pregnant women. Despite efforts to address
this issue, who seek to expose the extent of lead contamination, face
numerous challenges. Their warnings may fall on ears as authorities
the severity of the problem or engage in
to avoid responsibility.
NAME DATE 49
•••
a. The whistleblower unearthed / had unearthed the incident last year.
b. The media had dispelled / were dispelling the occurrence for months before they found it out.
c. Despite the efforts last month, the community’s warnings had fallen / fell on deaf ears.
d. After months of overexposure, they started / were starting feeling sick.
e. The overexposure to harmful chemicals was causing many health problems before the population
had felt / felt sick.
a. The whistleblowers who exposed the in the case of water contamination.

contamination
the tipping point for seeking solutions.
b. Particles of lead found in the water
all the issues revealed by the
c. The company had already dispelled whistleblower.
d. Children getting sick was caused impairments in some children.
e. The media exposed those who were complicit had been continually unearthing
evidence for months.
50 EXTRA ACTIVITIES
E CONOMICS
a. t | o | f | l | y
b. s | e | h | h | r | o | l | a | e | r | d
c. a | t | - | f | o | r | e | d | f
d. s | e | t | h | r | o | l | a | e | k | d
e. e | c | s | r | e | l | s | k
renewed | trade-off | penalize | amend | disruptive
a. The company needs to its outdated policy.
b. The market is warming up due to interest in technology innovation.
c. The between profit and sustainability has been a challenging goal

for the company.
d. Shareholders have decided to unethical practices that damage the

environment.
e. After adopting technologies, companies must invest in adaptation.
NAME DATE 51
•••
a. The project, in whom I have worked, faced severe outcomes.

b. Some employees, with there was a concern, have been monitoring our actions.
c. The startup, at which which reckless actions were taken, was terminated.
d. The stakeholders with whom lofty expectations were set, failed to succeed.
e. The proposal, for which we were expecting a consensus, had to be amended.
trade-offs | renewed | lofty | to account | short
In future companies, accountability will be essential as organizations hold employees

for their actions and decisions. There will be no room for excuses
as businesses strive to meet the highest ethical and performance standards. However, even with
these kinds of measures, some companies may still fall of their
goals, highlighting the inherent between
ambition and reality. Despite these challenges, forward-thinking
organizations will continue to innovate and adapt, embracing the complexities of modern businesses.
52 EXTRA ACTIVITIES
E CONOMICS
a. be | is | to | contract | binding | the | end | of | by | The | week. | the | signed
b. Some | are | be | deposit | inconvenience. | causing | relocated, | to | returns
c. returned | to | refillable | are | water | due | The | bottles | be | Friday. | by
d. delay | project | to | damage | is going | The | plan. | the
e. to | soon. | policy | The | implemented | clear-cut | was | be
a. The disposable batteries we bought are set to expire. unclaimed
b. The theater announced a special promotion for unredeemed tickets. lawfully
c. They are due to be legally married. trouble

d. Many cans were to be dumped in the park. dispensable
e. It is bound to cause some inconvenience changing the deposit spot. thrown away
NAME DATE 53
•••
The clear-cut instructions help employees. (to be)

The clear-cut instructions are to help employees.
a. The policy changes will start next year. (to be due)
b. The company’s campaign was expected to top the table. (to be due)
c. The new eco project is funded by entrepreneurs. (to be)
d. The number of refillable containers will confirm the latest data. (to be due)
e. This trash wasn’t supposed to be dumped in urban areas. (to be)
a. This company’s products are due to top the table in the industry.
b. The environmental impact of the new measures is to be negligible.
c. The benefits of the new strategies for schools will be funded by parents.
d. Most of the disposable plastic were due to outweigh the drawbacks.
e. New vending machines containers contribute to pollution.
54 EXTRA ACTIVITIES
E CONOMICS
1 Unscramble the letter to form words. Then write sentences.
a. p | r | e | o | n | a | s | i | s | u
b. e | i | i | r | c | r | y | c | t | p | o
c. o | c | n | y | s | s | c | t | i | e | n
d. c | a | t | s | i | c | y | r
e. c | o | n | g | o | n | t | i | i
a. The company had no choice but to concede to the demands of the employees.
b. The behavioral analysis showed different ways of persuasion.
c. The agency used a systematic approach to collect the research data.
d. Shareholders tried to debunk rumors of the company’s financial issues.
e. Employees are feeling time-pressed to meet the deadline.
disprove
conductual
accept
rushed
methodical
NAME DATE 55
•••
a. His persuasion was such as / such an effective way of reaching his goal.
b. Cognition is essential in business, such as / such in decision-making and planning.
c. She was in such a / in such time-pressed state that she got sick.
d. She is such / such an expert at cutting through the noise.
e. My boss is such / such as a systematic person.
a. Should executives work be based on reciprocity? Justify.
b. How can leaders effectively cut through the noise to focus on straightforward communication?
c. How does the behavioral environment affect how customers and employees make decisions?
d. How does cognition influence a leader’s ability to achieve business goals?
e. What is the effectiveness of using persuasion in business decision-making?
56 EXTRA ACTIVITIES
PE R SPE CT IV E S
a. i | r | i | r | e | d | a | t | t
b. r | i | w | s | r | t | d | a | o | t | g | h | f | r | a
c. n | b | l | u | b | r | e | e | a
d. a | e | d | m | i | r | r
e. o | v | n | c | o | t | l | n | i | e | n | a
a. I feel pleased just by taking care of my garden. It’s pretty .
b. He keeps criticizing his workmates. He’s been them.
c. It’s been too hot, making it too difficult to think. It’s .
d. My coach does make me achieve my goals. He’s a real !
e. He’s been making a great effort to succeed in his business and will continue to
to do so.
NAME DATE 57
•••
expectations | quite frankly | out of reach | admirer | the reality is that
a. , I’ve been exhausted from trying to be socially accepted.
b. My mother is amazingly inspiring. I’m her greatest .
c. We shouldn’t be negative and believe our goals are .
d. She’s very demanding, so few people can meet her .
e. she’ll never have close friends, being unbearable as she is.
a. To my knowledge, the new policy will from meeting the boss’s expectations.
b. Quite frankly, the company is not worried undermine the employees.
c. From what I can gather, the assistant is far approach does not work anymore.
d. The reality is that his conventional about providing a satisfying experience.
e. If you want my honest opinion, the best time to strive in our lives is now.
58 EXTRA ACTIVITIES
PE R SPE CT IV E S
a. the quality of being careful to buy only what is necessary
b. someone whose job is to give advice because they know a lot about a subject
c. large amount of money, property, etc. that a person or country owns
d. the act or process of removing or ending
e. wise and careful use of money
withdrawal
thrift
frugality
advisor
wealth
a. Having frugality / wealth in your 30s boosts anyone’s confidence.
b. We should buy new newfound / household appliances when we move.
c. You should consult an advisor / admirer to guide you in your new business.
d. She has just bought a new property, increasing her newfound / household wealth.
e. These successful youngsters have amassed / lost a colossal fortune over the last few years.
NAME DATE 59
•••
a. lean | toward | They | shopping. | frugality | while
b. wealth. | prone | develop | He’s | to
c. has | amass | a | tendency | to | She | fortunes.
d. She’s | career. | boost | to | her | inclined
e. They | practice | tend | save | in | thrift | money. | the | to | order
boost | withdrawals | wealth | frugality | means
In today’s fast-paced world, has taken on new importance, especially for

those looking to secure their financial future. Many live below their ,
embracing a minimalist lifestyle to their savings and build their
earlier. They aim to retire comfortably and achieve financial
independence at a younger age. This shift towards frugality reflects a growing awareness of the
importance of financial planning and disciplined saving habits. It’s not just about living for today.
It’s about preparing for future .
60 EXTRA ACTIVITIES
PE R SPE CT IV E S
1 Unscramble the letter to form words. Then write sentences.
a. a | h | o | i | r | g | t | p | o | n | l | t | o | s
b. r | u | a | c | l | c | i
c. o | m | a | c | l | n | e | m | c | o | p
d. e | t | e | r | t | i | d | s | c | r
e. s | b | u | t | e | i | s | u | t | t
a. My friends and I spend roughly half of our daytime online.
b. Shyness can be the underlying reason people choose to have online friends.
c. He’s an intimate friend of ours.
d. Online platforms aim to popularize friendship worldwide.
e. The study’s goal is to correlate online activity with health outcomes.
approximately
compare
fundamental
personal
make popular
NAME DATE 61
•••
3 Rewrite the sentences using neither nor. Follow the model.
The anthropologist can’t correlate either the age or the social group.
Neither can the anthropologist correlate the age nor the social group.
a. The concept isn’t commonplace or easily understood.
b. The language used among teenagers online isn’t commonplace or restricted.
c. She never popularizes either the research results or its data.
d. He can’t work either as a substitute or a permanent teacher.
e. The numbers didn’t show any trend or variation.
a. Online communication consists d. half of all teenagers prefer to

several tools, such as email. have online relationships.
in Neither
on Crucial
of Roughly
b. The money he was given was a drop e. Taking up an outdoor activity as a substitute
the ocean compared to his for screen time is for teens
debts. development.
out of crucial
in restricted
on commonplace
c. Neither the boy allowed to stay

online nor access social media.
is
can
could
62 EXTRA ACTIVITIES

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RA

1 Complete the sentences with the words from the box.

would | suffer | didn’t | used | undermine

a. Dwarfism to be widely misunderstood, but this has changed.

b. Using analogies empower their speeches.

d. We use to cultivate a mutual understanding in the past.

e. Self-doubt would her confidence.

2 Match the definitions. Then write sentences.

b. funny and enjoyable

c. causing so much damage or harm that something no longer works

d. very nervous and anxious

3 Complete the sentences with the phrases from the box.

a. She’s a very calm person. She has a !

b. They need to be happy and active again. They need a .

c. He’s always scared of heights. He about heights.

e. He sees life in a funny way. He sees life in a .

4 Unscramble the letters and write words. Then write sentences.

1 Rewrite the sentences. Follow the model.

Isolation will probably provoke a feeling of loneliness. (likely; aggravate)

a. I don’t believe her lifestyle will increase her longevity. (unlikely)

b. The collective effort is believed to curb the outbreak. (likely; epidemic)

2 Choose the correct option.

a. Considering his loneliness, he is likely / is bound to experience feelings of isolation.

e. Exercising frequently is likely to / unlikely improve one’s well-being.

3 Complete the text with the words from the box.

stigmatize | likely | isolation | aggravate | robust

In terms of mental health, can social media feelings such as

4 Answer the questions with your own ideas.

a. What do you do to promote your longevity?

b. What are your thoughts on the repercussions of loneliness today?

e. What are individuals usually stigmatized for?

b. They reached a on the best decision after significant discussion.

c. They presented an extraordinary for growth and success.

d. Starting a new life in a foreign country might be .

2 Choose the correct answer.

b. He felt the adrenaline as he saw audience waiting for his speech.

c. She finds it difficult to categorize books as they are unique.

3 Which sentence means…?

a. The collective effort of the team resulted in a sense of exhilaration.

The team’s combined effort caused some physical response.

The team’s collective work resulted in a feeling of exhaustion.

b. The car accident was a traumatic experience for their children.

Their children quickly overcame the accident.

Their children were deeply affected by the car accident.

c. Fear of self-doubt shouldn’t hold me back from pursuing my dreams.

Fear of failure might hold me back from pursuing my dreams.

Self-doubt is likely to prevent me from pursuing my dreams.

d. The thought of not reaching a consensus brings me out in a cold sweat.

Whenever I reach an agreement, I feel anxious.

The fact of not reaching an agreement makes me feel nervous.

e. The prospect of becoming a manager seems daunting.

Becoming a manager is always scary.

The idea of becoming a manager seems to get the adrenaline going.

4 Unscramble the letters and write words. Then write sentences.

1 Match the definitions. Then write sentences.

b. motivation that encourages you to work harder

c. an idea, plan, or method that can work successfully

d. the amount of space a container, room, etc., has to hold things

e. a mixture of different things that combine together well

2 Complete the sentences with the words from the box.