BÀI TẬP TỰ LUYỆN

BÀI 4. KỸ NĂNG XỬ LÝ BÀI ĐỌC HIỂU (P.1)

TOPUNI TỔNG ÔN PAT V-ACT

1. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of
the questions.

Many of the major supermarket chains have come under fire with accusations of various unethical acts over the past decade.
They've wasted tons of food, they've underpaid their suppliers and they've contributed to excessive plastic waste in their
packaging, which has had its impact on our environment.

But supermarkets and grocers are starting to sit up and take notice. In response to growing consumer backlash against the huge
amounts of plastic waste generated by plastic packaging, some of the largest UK supermarkets have signed up to a pact
promising to transform packaging and cut plastic wastage. In a pledge to reuse, recycle or compost all plastic wastage by 2025,
supermarkets are now beginning to take some responsibility for the part they play in contributing to the damage to our
environment with one major supermarket announcing their plan to eliminate all plastic packaging in their own-brand products
by 2023.

In response to criticisms over food waste, some supermarkets are donating some of their food surplus. However, charities
estimate that they are only accessing two per cent of supermarkets' total food surplus, so this hardly seems to be solving the
problem. Some say that supermarkets are simply not doing enough. Most supermarkets operate under a veil of secrecy when
asked for exact figures of food wastage, and without more transparency it is hard to come up with a systematic approach to
avoiding waste and to redistributing surplus food.

Some smaller companies are now taking matters into their own hands and offering consumers a greener, more environmentally
friendly option. Shops like Berlin's Original Unverpakt and London's Bulk Market are plastic- tree shops that have opened in
recent years, encouraging customers to use their own containers or compostable bags. Online grocer Farmdrop eliminates the
need for large warehouses and the risk of huge food surplus by delivering fresh produce from local farmers to its customers on
a daily basis via electric cars, offering farmers the lion's share of the retail price.

There is no doubt that we still have a long way to go in reducing food waste and plastic waste. But perhaps the major
supermarkets might take inspiration from these smaller grocers and gradually move towards a more sustainable future for us all.
(Adapted from https: //learnenglish. britishcouncil. org)

Which is the most suitable title for the passage?

A. Major Supermarket Chains (1) B. Grocers vs Supermarkets (2)
C. Sustainable Supermarkets (3) D. Friendly Supermarkets (4)
2. According to paragraph 2, more and more people want supermarkets to _______.
A. compost all plastic wastage (1) B. donate some of their food surplus (2)
C. reduce their plastic waste (3) D. lower their prices for local farmers (4)
3. The word "backlash” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to _______.
A. agreement B. request
C. reaction D. benefit
4. The phrase "the lion's share" in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to _______.
A. the largest part B. the best choice
C. the animal's food D. the royal dish
5. Which statement is TRUE, according to the passage?
A. Supermarkets are not telling people how much food they are B. There is a grocer in Berlin that doesn't allow customers to
actually wasting. use their own containers. (2)
(1)
C. Supermarkets are still denying that plastic packaging can D. Farmdrop stores large amounts of food and produces
cause damage to our environment. (3) unnecessary waste. (4)
6. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of
the questions.

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 Stars have been significant features in the design of many United States coins and their number has varied from one to forty-
eight stars. Most of the coins issued from about 1799 to the early years of the twentieth century bore thirteen stars representing
the thirteen original colonies.

Curiously enough, the first American silver coins, issued in 1794, had fifteen stars because by that time Vermont and
Kentucky have joined the Union. At that time it was apparently the intention of mint officials to add a star for each new state.
Following the admission of Tennessee in 1796, for example, some varieties of half dimes, dimes, and half dollars were
produced with sixteen stars.

As more states were admitted to the Union, however, it quickly became apparent that this scheme would not prove practical and
the coins from 1798 were issued with only thirteen Stars - one for each of the original colonies. Due to an error at the mint, one
variety of the 1828 half-cent was issued with only twelve stars. There is also a variety of the large cent with only 12 stars, but
this is the result of a die break and is not a true error.

What is the main topic of the passage?

A. Stars on American coins (1) B. The teaching of astronomy in state universities (2)
C. Colonial stamps and coins (3) D. The star as national symbol of the United States (4)
7. The expression "Curiously enough" is used because the author finds it strange that _____.
A. Tennessee was the first state to use half dimes (1) B. Vermont and Kentucky joined the Union in 1794 (2)
C. silver coins with fifteen stars appeared before coins with D. no silver coins were issued until 1794 (4)
thirteen (3)
8. Why was a coin produced in 1828 with only twelve stars?
A. Tennessee had left the Union. (1) B. The mint made a mistake. (2)
C. There were twelve states at the time. (3) D. There is a change in design policy. (4)
9. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as the denomination of an American coin?
A. Half nickel B. Half-dollar
C. Hall cent D. Half dime
10. The word "their" in line 1 refers to _________.
A. features B. coins
C. stars D. colonies
11. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of
the questions.

One way of training for your future occupation in Germany is by pursuing a dual vocational training programme. Such
programmes offer plenty of opportunity for on-the-job training and work experience. Programmes usually last between two and
three and a half years and comprise theoretical as well as practical elements. You will spend one or two days a week, or several
weeks at once, at a vocational school where you will acquire the theoretical knowledge that you will need in your future
occupation. The rest of the time will be spent at a company. There you get to apply your newly acquired knowledge in practice,
for example by learning to operate machinery. You will get to know what your company does, learn how it operates and find
out if you can see yourself working there after completing your training.

This combination of theory and practice gives you a real head start into your job. by the time you have completed your training,
you will not only have the required technical knowledge, but you will also have hands-on experience in your job. There are
around 350 officially recognised training programmes in Germany, so chances are good that one of them will suit your interests
and talents. You can find out which one that might be by visiting one of the jobs and vocational training fairs which are
organised in many German cities at different times in the year.

Employment prospects for students who have completed a dual vocational training programme are very good. This is one of the
reasons why this kind of training is very popular with young Germans. around two thirds of all students leaving school go on to
start a vocational training programme.
(Source: http: //www. make-it-in-germany. com)

How many German school leavers choose this vocational training programme?
A. around one out of five (1) B. about 70% (2)
C. less than a third (3) D. well over 75% (4)
12. The word “it” in the first paragraph refers to _______.
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 A. organization B. machinery
C. knowledge D. company
13. Which of the following statements best describes the dual vocational training programmes?
A. These programmes provide you with both theoretical B. These programmes consist of an intensive theoretical course
knowledge and practical working experience. (1) of two and a half years at a vocational school. (2)
C. These programmes require you to have only practical D. These programmes offer you some necessary technical skills
working time at a certain company. (3) to do your future job. (4)
14. The word “hands-on” in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to _______.
A. practical B. technical
C. theoretical D. integral
15. Which of the following is probably the best title of the passage?
A. Employment Opportunities and Prospects in Germany (1) B. Dual Vocational Training System in Germany (2)
C. Combination of Theory and Practice in Studying in D. Higher Education System in Germany (4)
Germany (3)
16. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of
the questions.

Dolphins are one of the most intelligent species on the planet, which makes them a very interesting animal to scientists. In their
natural habitats, dolphins use various vocalization techniques. They whistle and squeak to recognize members of their pod,
identify and protect their young, and call out warnings of danger. They also make clicking sounds used for echolocation to find
food and obstacles in dark and murky waters.

Amazingly, the whistling sound that the bottlenose dolphin makes has been found to have a similar pattern to human language.
They always make conversational sounds when they greet each other. If you listen to dolphins' squeaks and squeals, it will
sound like they are having a conversation.

Dolphins usually use both sound and body language to communicate with each other. It is through gesture and body language,
however, that most of their communication with humans comes. Dolphins can be trained to perform complicated tricks. This
suggests they have a high level of intelligence and communication capacity. If they work for a long time with a trainer, they are
able to recognize and understand human commands.

A lot of dolphin communication has been studied using dolphins in captive environments. These studies have been criticized
because some marine biologists believe that dolphins living in aquariums or research centers cannot be considered "normal."
Even so, most believe that studying dolphin communication in captivity is useful for beginning to understand the complexity of
dolphin communication. After all, dolphins are one of the most intelligent animals. Their ability to communicate is impressive
and worthy of study.

What would be the most suitable title for the passage?

A. Communications in dolphins (1) B. Intelligent mammals in captivity (2)
C. Dolphins' social tendencies with humans (3) D. Complex patterns in dolphin life (4)
17. In line 2, the word "vocalization" is closest in meaning to____________.
A. making gestures B. creating words
C. producing sounds D. closing eyes
18. According to paragraph 4, what do some marine biologists think about captive dolphins?
A. Their relationships are too personal with marine biologists. B. They can't be considered accurate subjects for biological
(1) studies. (2)
C. They can communicate exactly the same as humans do. (3) D. They easily demonstrate how dolphins act in the wild. (4)
19. All of the following are true about dolphin communication EXCEPT____________
A. dolphins' squeals and squeaks sound conversational to the B. dolphins' clicking sounds are sometimes used to greet
human ear (1) humans (2)
C. communication using sounds and gestures occurs between D. body language and gestures are used for communication
dolphins (3) with humans (4)
20. In line 17, the word “most” refers to _______.

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 A. the majority of marine biologists (1) B. a few bottlenose dolphins (2)
C. a lot of bottlenose dolphins (3) D. the minority of marine biologists (4)
21. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of
the questions.

In the early 1800s, less than 3% of the world's population lived in cities; today, more than half of the global population is urban
and by 2050, the proportion will rise to three quarters. There are thousands of small and medium-sized cities along with more
than 30 megacities and sprawling, networked metropolitan areas — conurbations — with 15 million residents or more. Yet
despite these massive transformations in how people live and interact, our international affairs are still largely dictated by
nation states, not cities.

Cities are beginning to flex their muscles on the international stage. They are already displacing nation states as the central
nodes of the global economy, generating close to 80% of global GDP. Cities like New York and Tokyo are bigger in GDP terms
than many G-20 countries.

Metropolitan regions and special economic zones are linking global cities through transnational supply chains. A growing
number of mega-regions, such as those linking cities in Mexico and the US, transcend borders. In the process, cities are
collectively forging common regional plans, trading partnerships, and infrastructure corridors.

The spectacular rise of cities did not happen by accident. Cities channel creativity, connect human capital, and when well
governed, they drive growth. That many cities and their residents are rolling up their sleeves and getting things done — where
nations have failed — are grounds for optimism. In the future, we hope that it is our proximate, accountable, and empowered
city leaders who will define our fates.

What is the passage mainly about?

A. History of cities all over the world (1) B. Types of cities in the world (2)
C. Contributions of cities to the world (3) D. The not-to-distant future of cities (4)
22. Which of the following is NOT true according to the writer?
A. Humanity transitioned from a rural to a primarily urban B. Cities are the dominant form of human civilization in the
species at breathtaking speed. (1) 21st century. (2)
C. There is a tendency for cities to connect to form large urban D. People should not be too optimistic about the future of
regions. (3) cities. (4)
23. The phrase "flex their muscles" in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ____.
A. show their strength (1) B. change their attitudes (2)
C. leave their side (3) D. find their ways (4)
24. Would the following sentence best be placed at the end of which paragraph? - “This is neither fair nor rational. ”
A. Paragraph 1 B. Paragraph 2
C. Paragraph 3 D. Paragraph 4
25. The word "they” in paragraph 4 refers to ___________.
A. plans B. partnerships
C. cities D. residents
26. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of
the questions.

Called the ‘Red Planet,’ Mars is roughly half the size of Earth, and one of our closest neighboring planets. Though Mars is the
most Earth-like of any other planet, the two are still worlds apart. Living on Mars has been the stuff of science fiction for
decades. However, can humans really live on Mars? Will it ever be possible or safe? NASA (the National Aeronautics and
Space Administration) hopes to find out. NASA researchers on Earth are conducting several experiments together with the
International Space Station (ISS) to study the health and safety issues that may tell us if life on Mars is possible.

Food and oxygen would be the main necessities for travelers living extended periods on Mars. The need to grow plants, which
provide both food and oxygen, would be a key. But the decreased gravity and low atmospheric pressure environment of the
planet will stress the plants and make them hard to grow. However, space station crews are growing plants in controlled
environments in two of the station’s greenhouses. They take care of the plants, photograph them, and collect samples to be sent
back to Earth. Researchers then use the data to develop new techniques that will make it possible to grow plants successfully in
space.

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 Another concern for space travelers is the health hazards posed by the effect of space radiation on humans. A spacecraft
traveling to Mars would be exposed to large amounts of radiation. Since human exposure to such intense radiation would mean
certain death, the spacecraft used for such travel would have to protect the humans on the inside of the craft from exposure.
Researchers are using special machines inside the crew areas of the International Space Station to carefully watch radiation
levels. NASA scientists, who have maintained radiation data since the beginning of human space flight, continue to learn about
the dangers it poses. Researchers use the station to test materials that could be used in making a spacecraft that could
successfully travel to Mars.

Will it ever be safe for humans to live on Mars? It is still too early to say. But thanks to the dedicated researchers of NASA and
the results of ISS experiments, we are getting closer to knowing every day.
(Adapted from “Select Readings –Intermediate Tests” by Linda Lee and Erik Gundersen)

What does the passage mainly discuss?

A. The potential of Mars. (1) B. Life on Mars. (2)
C. The experiments on Mars. (3) D. The pressure on Mars. (4)
27. What does the word “they” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A. space station crews (1) B. plants (2)
C. environments (3) D. station’s greenhouses (4)
28. As mentioned in paragraph 2, why can’t people grow plants successfully in space?
A. Because there is a lack of food and oxygen on Mars. (1) B. Because there aren’t enough station’s greenhouses to control
the environments. (2)
C. Because of the reduced gravity and low atmospheric D. Because of the shortage of new techniques. (4)
pressure environment. (3)
29. The word “hazards” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to _______.
A. dangers B. problems
C. diseases D. symptoms
30. According to paragraph 3, which of the following is the demand for manufacturing spacecrafts travelling to Mars?
A. They must contain special machines inside to watch B. They have to be made from special materials which are light
radiation levels. (1) and safe for travelling. (2)
C. They have to maintain radiation data from the beginning of D. They have to protect travelers from radiation exposure
human space flight inside. (3) effectively. (4)

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