KMTC/QP-O8/TIS

KENYA MEDICAL TRAINING COLLEGE

DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACY
END OF SEMESTER ONE EXAMINATION: 2011/2012

DATE: 25/01/2012 TIME: 2.00p.m. DURATION: 2 HOURS

SEPT 2011 CLASS (YEAR 1)

PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY

College Number: .................................................................

INSTRUCTIONS

Read these instructions carefully before attempting the paper

i) Write your examination number in the space provided and on ALL the answer
sheets used.
ii) The paper consists of three sections A, B and C. All questions in sections A and
B are compulsory. Choose ONE question in section C.
iii) Section A (40 marks) consists of 30 multiple choice questions. Select by circling
the letter corresponding to the correct answer from FOUR choices given in each
question or as instructed otherwise
iv) Section B (40 marks) consists of SIX short answer questions.
v) Section C consists of TWO essay questions (20 marks). Answer ONE.

SECTION A; ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS (40 MARKS)

1. What is the pH of a 0.00001 molar HCl solution?

A.1 B.9 C.5 D.4

2. A sample of unknown gas at STP has a density of 0.630 g per litre. What is the molar
mass in grams of this gas given that molar gas volume is 22.4 litres at STP?

A.2.81 g B.14.1g C.22.4g D.63g

3. The total pressure exerted by a number of non-reacting gases is equal to the sum of
partial pressure of gases under the same conditions is known as:
A. Dalton’s law B. Boyle’s law C. Charles’ law D. Avogadro’s law
4. Acids:

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A. generate H+ ions in water

B. are H+ acceptors
C. have very few H+ ions
D. have excess OH- ions
5. Which of the following laws explains the relationship between Pressure and
temperature?
A. Charles’s law
B. Boyle’s law
C. Gay Lussac’s law
D. Raoult’s law
6. At Standard Temperature and Pressure(STP), 32.0 litres of O2 contain the same
number of molecules as
A. 22.4 L Ar
B. 28.0 L of N2
C. 32. 0 L of H2
D. 44.8 L of He
7. Given the equilibrium system at 25°C:
N2 (g) + 3H2 (g) 2NH3(g) (ΔH = - 92kJ/mol)
What change will shift the equilibrium to the right?
A. Decreasing the temperature to 15°C?
B. Increasing the temperature to 35°C?
C. Adding a catalyst to the equilibrium mixture?
D. Dissolving the gases in the equilibrium mixture?
8. In which reaction will the point of equilibrium shift to the left when the pressure on
the system is increased?
A. C(s) + O2(g) CO2(g)
B. CaCO3(s) CaO(s) + CO2(g)
C. 2Mg(s) + O2(g) 2MgO(s)
D. 2H2(g) + O2(g) 2H2O(g)
9. When a substance is oxidized, it:
A. loses protons
B. gains protons
C. acts as an oxidizing agent
D. acts as a reducing agent
10. What is the oxidation state of manganese in MnO2?
A. 4, B.-4, C. 2, D.-2.
11. Which of the following properties best fits the liquid state of matter.
A. Particles vibrate and can move rapidly over a short distance
B. Particles have attractive and repulsive forces counter balanced
C. Attractive forces are strong enough so as to hold the particles in a regular shape
D. Forces of attraction are negligible
12. A gas deviates from ideal behaviour at a high pressure because its molecules
A. attract one another
B. show the Tyndall effect
C. have kinetic energy
D. are bound by covalent bonds
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13. The volume of a given mass of an ideal gas at constant pressure is

A. directly proportional to the Kelvin temperature.

B. directly proportional to the Celsius temperature.
C. inversely proportional to the Kelvin temperature.
D. inversely proportional to the Celsius temperature.
14. Given the equilibrium system at 25°C:
NH4Cl(s) NH4+(aq) + Cl-(aq) (H = +3.5 kcal/mol)
What change will NOT shift the equilibrium to the left?
A. decreasing the temperature to 15°C?
B. increasing the temperature to 35°C?
C. dissolving NaCl crystals in the equilibrium mixture?
D. dissolving NH4NO3 crystals in the equilibrium mixture?
15. Which half-reaction correctly represents reduction?
A. Cr3+ + 3e- Cr(s)

B. Cr3+ Cr(s) + 3e-

C. Cr(s) Cr3+ + 3e-

D. Cr(s) + 3e- Cr3+

16. Which statement correctly describes a redox reaction?
A. The oxidation half-reaction and the reduction-half reaction occur simultaneously.
B. The oxidation half-reaction occurs before the reduction half reaction
C. The oxidation half-reaction occurs after the reduction half-reaction
D. The oxidation half-reaction occurs spontaneously but the reduction half- reaction
does not
17. Which statement best describes the function of a salt bridge in an electrochemical
cell?
A. It prevents the migration of electrons.
B. It permits the migration of ions and completes the circuit.
C. It permits the two solutions to mix completely.
D. It prevents the reaction from occurring spontaneously.
18. Given the reaction:
__MnO4- + __H+ + __Fe2+ __Mn2+ + __H2O+ __Fe3+
When the equation is correctly balanced using smallest whole numbers, the sum of the
coefficients will be
A. 24 , B.20, C. 21, D. 14
19. A gaseous mixture was prepared by taking 2:3 mole ratio of CO and N2 respectively.
If the total pressure of the mixture was found to be 10 atmosphere, the partial pressure
of the nitrogen (N2) in the mixture is
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A. 0.6 atm ,B. 4 atm, C.8 atm, D. 6 atm.

20. The cell potential for an electrochemical cell at standard conditions is given by
a) E b) Hc c) Hθ d) Eθ

21. Which of the following statements is TRUE

A. Avogadro’s law states that unequal volumes of all gases at the same temperature
and pressure contain equal number of molecules.
B. The rate of diffusion of a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of its
volume.
C. Effusion is the passage of a gas through a single bigger hole.
D. Ideal gases have low attraction forces between gas molecules.
22. Viscosity
A. Is measured in pascals
B. Decreases as the intermolecular forces increases
C. Depends on the temperature
D. Is measured in poiseur.
23. A colligative property depends on the
A. Number of solute particles present in a solution
B. Chemical composition of the solute particles
C. Number of solvent molecules in a solution
D. osmotic pressure of the solution
24. Daltons law of partial pressure states that
A. The total pressure of a mixture of a mixture of gases equals the sum of the partial
pressures of only one of the component gases
B. The total pressure of a mixture of gases equals the sum of the partial pressure of
manageable component gases.
C. The total pressure of a mixture of gases equal the sum of the partial pressures of
the component gases.
D. If A is true then B is incorrect
25. The temperature above which it is impossible to liquefy a gas is referred to as
A. critical temperature
B. Temperature above the liquid
C. Exponential temperature
D. maximum temperature
26. The following statements are false about amorphous solids except?
A. Have definite boiling points
B. have definite heat of fusion
C. Have a crystalline lattice
D. All the above
27. The following are types of crystal systems except
A. Simple tetragonal

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B. Orthorhombic
C. Simple heptagonal
D. Monoclinic
28. The following are true except?
A. PH + POH =14
B. Pka + P kb =14
C. Pkb = -Log Kb
D. [H+] =[OH]/Kw
29. All the following are TRUE except
A. When the Reaction quotient (Q)>K (Equilibrium constant) the reaction tends to
proceed from right to left consuming products and forming reactants.
B. When the reaction quotient (Q) <K (Equilibrium constant) the reaction tends to
proceed from left to right consuming reactants and forming products.
C. When the reaction quotient (Q) =K (Equilibrium constant) the system is at
equilibrium.
D. When the reaction quotient (Q)> K (Equilibrium constant), products formation is
favored

30. An element which exists in more than one crystalline form is said to exhibit;

A. Allotropy B. Polymorphism C.Isotropy D.Polymerism

SECTION B (40 MARKS)

Attempt ALL the questions

31. Explain why the pressure of a gas falls if:

A. Its volume is increased at constant temperature. (2marks)
B. Its temperature is reduced at constant volume. (2 marks)
C. State the ideal gas equation. (1 mark)

32. The manufacturer of sulphuric acid is based on the equilibrium reaction:

2SO2 (g) + O2 (g) 2SO3 (g) ΔH = - 197kJ/mol

A. Give the expression Kc , giving consideration to the units. (1 mark)

B. State the effects on the following on the equilibrium position.
i. An increase in temperature. (2 marks)
ii. The presence of a catalyst. (2 marks)
33. i. State Le-Chateliers principle. (2 marks)
ii. List three factors that affect position of a chemical equilibrium. (3 marks)
34. The diagram below shows an example of a cell. Study it and use it to answer the
questions that follow:

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A. What metal is at the electrodes F and G and state which is the anode and which is
the cathode (3 marks)
B. Write the half cell reactions that take place at the electrodes F and G. ( 4 marks)
C. The arrow labelled A shows the flow of? (1 mark)
D. Which ions flow at D? (1 mark)
E. Which ions flow at E? (1 mark)

35. i. Differentiate the following term: Cohesive and adhesive forces. (2 marks)
ii. outline the two main processes in liquefaction of gases. (4 marks)
36. Using Henderson-Hasselbach equation:
pH = pKa + log [salt]
[Acid]

Calculate the pH of buffer solution made by mixing together 100 cm3 of 0.100M
ethanoic acid and 50 cm3 of 0.400M sodium ethanoate, given that Ka for ethanoic acid
is 1.74 x 10-5 mol dm-3 (5 marks)

37. a) The PH of a laboratory disinfectant is 13 at 25 oC. What is the hydrogen ion

concentration of the disinfectant. (2mks)
+ -4
b) The [H ] of a vitamin C suppliment is 3.8 x 10 . What is the PH.
(2mks)

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SECTION C
SELECT ONE QUESTION FROM THIS SECTION (20 MARKS)

38. (a).Explain the meaning of the following terms as used in the study of the properties of
solution

(i) Boiling point elevation (2marks)

(ii) Freezing point depression (2marks)

(iii) Colligative properties (2marks)

(iv) Osmotic pressure (2marks)

(b) (i) State Daltons law of partial pressure (2 marks)

(ii) Mixture of helium and oxygen can be used in scuba diving tanks to help
prevent “the bends “. For a particular, 46L He at 25ᵒ C and 1 atmosphere and 12L
O2 at 25ᵒ C and 1 atmosphere were pumped into a tank with a volume of
5L .calculate the partial pressure of each gas and the total pressure in the tank at
25ᵒ C ( R = 0.08206 L.atm/k .mol ) (5marks)
39. A student prepares a sample of H2 by electrolysis of water at 250C .She collects 152ml
of H2 at a total pressure of 758mmHg.Calculate
a. the partial pressure of H2 given the vapour pressure of water at 250 C is
23.76mmHg (2marks)
b. the number of moles of H2 collected (3marks)
c. state the following laws
i. Charles law
ii. Boyles law
iii. Gay-Lussac’s law
iv. Write the ideal gas equation and define each component (10marks)
d. Calculate the mass of oxygen (O2) that can be stored at 200C and 180 atm in a
cylinder with a volume of 60litres. (5marks)