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    Probability Questions and Answers –

    Mean and Variance of Distribution – Set


    2
    This set of Probability Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on
    “Mean and Variance of Distribution – Set 2”.

    1. The mean m of the distribution of X is defined by m=E(X)=∑xrfr, when


    ___________
    a) X is discrete
    b) X is continuous
    c) X follows Normal distribution
    d) X follows Poisson distribution
    View Answer
    Answer: a
    Explanation: The mean m of a random variable X can only be specified in the
    summation form (i.e ∑xrfr) if and only if the random variable takes discrete values.
    If the random variable is continuous, then we need to calculate the integral over
    the interval area.

    2. For a random variable X, Var(aX+b)=a2Var(x), is true or false?


    a) True
    b) False
    View Answer
    Answer: a
    Explanation: my=E(y) = E(aX+b)=aE(X)+b=amx+b,
    Var(aX+b)=Var(y)=E{(Y-my)2} = E{(aX+b-amx-b2)} = a2E{(x-mx)2} = a2Var(x), since
    Var(constant)=0.

    3. The expectation E(x) of a continuous random variable X, can be expressed as


    ________ if F(x) is the distribution function of X.
    a) E(X) = ∫∞0{1−F(x)−F(−x)}dx
    b) E(X) = ∫∞−∞{1−F(x)−F(x)}dx
    c) E(X) = ∫∞0{1−F(x)−F(x)}dx
    d) E(X) = ∫10{1−F(x)−F(−x)}dx
    View Answer
    Answer: a
    Explanation: E(X)=∫∞−∞xF‘(x)dx=∫∞0{1−F(x)}dx–∫0−∞F(x)dx
    =∫∞0{1−F(x)}dx−∫∞0F(−x)dx
    =∫∞0{1−F(x)−F(−x)}dx.
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    4. The second order moment of a random variable X is __________
    a) Minimum about the mean of Y
    b) Minimum about the mean of X
    c) Maximum about the mean of Y
    d) Maximum about the mean of X
    View Answer
    Answer: b
    Explanation: E{(X-a)2}
    = E{(X-m)2}+(m-a)2
    ≥ E{(X-m)2},
    Since (m-a)2 ≥ 0.

    5. For which of the measure of β2, the corresponding density curve has a sharper
    peak than the normal density curve?
    a) If β2<3
    b) If β2>3
    c) If β2≥3
    d) If β2≤3
    View Answer
    Answer: b
    Explanation:β2=μ4σ4 is called the coefficient of kurtosis. Thus, a high value of
    β2 is thought to mean a sharply peaked distribution. Now,β2 = 3σ4σ4 = 3. So, if
    β2>3, then the distribution is said to have a sharp peak.

    Subscribe Now: Probability and Statistics Newsletter | Important Subjects


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    6. The salary of workers in a factory follows a binomial (180, 1/3) distribution.


    What will be the mean and variance of the distribution curve?
    a) 40, 60
    b) 40, 50
    c) 60, 50
    d) 60, 40
    View Answer
    Answer: d
    Explanation: For a binomial (n, p) distribution, the mean is (n*p) and variance is
    (n*p*(1-p)).
    Now, n = 180, p = 1/3, 1-p = 2/3
    Mean = (n*p) = 180 * 1/3 = 60
    Variance = (60 * 2/3) = 40.

    7. For a Binomial (n,p) distribution, variance is _____________


    a) n*p
    b) n*p*(1-p)
    c) n*p*(1-q)
    d) n*q
    View Answer
    Answer: b
    Explanation: n is the number of trials; p is the number of successes; q = (1-p) is
    the number of failures
    Hence, the mean is (n*p). Thus, variance is n*p*(1-p).

    8. Let X be a Poisson μ variable. Then mean, variance and standard deviation of


    X are _________
    a) μ, μ2, μ3
    b) μ, μ , μ
    c) μ, μ ,μ−−√
    d) μ−−√, μ , μ
    View Answer
    Answer: c
    Explanation: For mean X=E(X)=∑∞i=0+ie−μμii!
    For variance Var(X)=E{X(X-1)} – m(m-1)
    For SD Var(x)−−−−−−√.

    9. Standard deviation is the square root of variance.


    a) True
    b) False
    View Answer
    Answer: a
    Explanation: Variance is used to measure how much spread out the dataset
    instances are. But, they are calculated in square units. So, standard deviation is
    introduced to get an idea about the spread in the original scale, by finding the
    square root of variance.

    10. The variance of a random variable X ,Var(X) is defined by ___________


    a) Var(X)=E(X2) – {E(X)}2
    b) Var(X)=E(X) – {E(X)}
    c) Var(X)=E(X2) – {E(X)}
    d) Var(X)= {E(X)}2 – E(X2)
    View Answer
    Answer: a
    Explanation: Var(X)=E{(X-m)2}
    =E{(X2 – 2Xm + m2)}
    =E(X2) – 2E(X).m + m2
    =E(X2)-2.m.m + m2
    =E(X2)-m2
    =E(X2) – {E(X)}2.

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