ECLIPSE Course Practices

11/25/2023 Dr.
Mai Cao Lan - Faculty of Geology & Petroleum Engineering, HCMUT 204
Chapter Outline
 Introduction
 Data sections in the input data file
 Some typical keywords
 Practices
11/25/2023 Dr. Mai Cao Lan - Faculty of Geology & Petroleum Engineering, HCMUT 205
Introduction to ECLIPSE
 Black Oil vs Compositional Simulators
 How ECLIPSE Works
 ECLIPSE Input Data File & Data Sections
 Reservoir Simulation with ECLIPSE
11/25/2023 Dr. Mai Cao Lan - Faculty of Geology & Petroleum Engineering - HCMUT 206
Black-Oil vs Compositional Simulators
Black Oil Simulators
 Oil & gas phases are represented by one ‘component’
 Composition of gas & oil components are assumed to be

constant with respect to pressure & time
Compositional Simulators
 Oil & gas phases are represented by multicomponent

mixtures
 Assumes the reservoir fluids at all temperatures, pressures,

compositions & time can be represented by EOS
How ECLIPSE works?
 A data file (in ASCII text format) is needed for ECLIPSE to

run a reservoir simulation
 Each section of the data file is read, processed, consistency

checks are performed & required information is written to
various output files
Input Data Sections
RUNSPEC General model characteristics
GRID Grid geometry and basic rock properties
EDIT Modification of the processed GRID data (optional section)
PROPS PVT & SCAL properties
REGIONS Subdivision of the reservoir (optional section)
SOLUTION Initialization
SUMMARY Request output for line plots (optional section)
Wells, completions, rate data, flow correlations, surface facilities

SCHEDULE
Simulator advance, control and termination
Flow Modeling
Flow = Transmissibility * Mobility * Potential Difference
Geometry & Fluid Well

Properties Properties Production
GRID PROPS SCHEDULE
EDIT REGIONS
SOLUTION
Static Reservoir Description
0 100
Permeability, mD 0
Reservoir Fluid & Rock Data
 PVT: Fluid Properties
 Describe the phase behaviour
of reservoir fluids at all
pressures
 SCAL: Rock Properties

 Describe the behavior of the
reservoir rocks
 Describe the rock-fluid
interactions
Data Initialization
 Equilibrium
 Define the initial saturation of
each phase & pressure gradients
based on contact depths
 ECLIPSE calculates the
saturations & pressures assuming
equilibrium
 Enumeration
 Explicitly specify the initial
saturation & pressure in each cell
Well Data
 Well locations
 Completion information
 Historical prod & injection
rates
 Well or group rate constraints
 Workovers
 New wells
 Drilling queues
Output Data
Keyword
(Set in
RUNSPEC) Sample Advantages Disadvantages
Can be read with text

Formatted: ascii FMTOUT *.FEGRID Large in size
editor
File Type
Must use @convert to

Unformatted: binary (Default) *.EGRID Small in size
read in text editor
Unified: One file Unlimited # of Reports

Unwanted reports cannot
containing many UNIFOUT *.UNRST
Content Type
be deleted
report steps Last report lost on crash
Unwanted files can be

Multiple: A separate deleted
*.X0001,
file for each report (Default) Limited to 9999 reports
*.X0002, etc Last file not written on
step
crash
Output Data (cont’d)
FMTOUT
Default UNIFOUT UNIFOUT FMTOUT
(Unformatted (Formatted (Unformatted (Formatted
Known as: Use Main Controlling Keyword(s) Multiple) Multiple) Unified) Multiple)
Run monitoring information ie, errors, None (batch mode triggers ECLIPSE
Log File *.LOG
messages, etc to write this file)
Specialized output generally used by DEBUG, DEBUG3, EPSDEBUG,
Debug File *.DBG
developers & support staff VEDEBUG, WELDEBUG, RPTISOL
Main text output file, contains messages, MESSAGES, RPTGRID(L),
Print File * warnings, errors, etc plus user- RPTPROPS, RPTREGS, RPTSUM, *.PRT
requested information RPTSOL, RPTSCHED
System information when simulation
Error File None *.ERR
fails
Grid structural geometry, used for
*.EGRID, *.FEGRID, *.EGRID, *.FEGRID,
Geometry File * 2D/3D visualization, old-style (*.GRID) GRIDFILE
*.GRID *.FGRID *.GRID *.FGRID
& extensible (*.EGRID),
Initial Specs Index of the contents of the Init file None *.INSPEC *.FINSPEC *.INSPEC *.FINSPEC
Initial grid properties, regions & props
tables (poro, perm, pore volume,
Initial File * INIT *.INIT *.FINIT *.INIT *.FINIT
transmissibility), used for 2D/3D
visualization
Contains flow & pressure at flux
Flux file DUMPFLUX *.FLUX *.FFLUX *.FLUX *.FFLUX
boundary regions
*Most commonly used files

Output Data (cont’d)
FMTOUT
Default UNIFOUT UNIFOUT FMTOUT
(Unformatted (Formatted (Unformatted (Formatted
Known as: Use Main Controlling Keyword(s) Multiple) Multiple) Unified) Multiple)
Index of the contents of the summary
Summary Specs None *.SMSPEC *.FSMSPEC *.SMSPEC *.FSMSPEC
file(s)
Used to create line plots, can contain
*
Many, see Summary section overview
Summary field, group, well & completion results *.Snnnn *.FUNSMRY *.UNSMRY *.Annnn
in ECLIPSE Reference Manual
varying with time
Same info as the Summary file, but in
RUNSUM, EXCEL, LOTUS,
Run Summary tabular format for import into a *.RSM
NARROW, SEPARATE
spreadsheet
Contains simulated RFT information
RFT file sampled from cells with well WRFT, WRFTPLT *.RFT *.FRFT *.RFT *.FRFT
connections
Used in fast restart runs, contains
Save File static description, rock & fluid props, SAVE *.SAVE *.FSAVE *.SAVE *.FSAVE
aquifer data & output controls
Restart Specs Index of restart files None *.RSSPEC *.FRSSPEC *.RSSPEC *.FRSSPEC
Used in Restart runs & for 2D/3D
*
visualization, contains a complete
Restart(s) RPTRST, RPTSCHED, RPTSOL *Xnnnn *.FUNRST *.UNRST *.Fnnnn
description of the reservoir at user-
requested report times
*Most commonly used files

RUNSPEC Section
 Define the simulation title

 Set the start date of the simulation
 Allocation of memory for the simulation
 Simulation grid số lượng ô lưới
 Wells
 Tabular data
 Solver stack
RUNSPEC Section (cont’d)
RUNSPEC
TITLE
ECLIPSE Course Example
DIMENS
20 5 10 /
Units may also be
FIELD
METRIC or LAB
Phases present may be oil, water,
OIL gas, disgas (dissolved gas), vapoil
(vaporized oil)
WATER
WELLDIMS
4 20 1 4 /
Number of PVT, AQUDIMS

SCAL Aquifer Tables, 4* 1 250 /
Wells, Connections,
TABDIMS
Segments 2 2 50 50 /
START
1 JAN 1994 /
GRID Section
Required Properties for each cell in the model:

 Geometry
 Cell dimensions & depths
 Properties
 Porosity
 Permeability
 (Net-to-gross or net thickness—if not included,
ECLIPSE assumes equal to 1)
tỷ lệ phần sand trên toàn bộ bề dày của một cell
Types of Grid Supported in ECLIPSE
1
Cartesian
Block Centered Corner Point
Unstructured (PEBI)
Radial
Block-Centered vs Corner Point
3
Block-Centered Corner Point

ZCORN keyword
TOPS keyword specifies specifies the
the upper face depth height of all
DX keyword specifies
corners of all
the thickness of the cells
cells
in the I direction
DY keyword specifies (10,1,1)
the thickness of the cells
in the J direction
(10,1,1)
(11,1,1)
DZ keyword specifies COORD keyword
the thickness of the specifies the X,Y,Z
(11,1,1)
cells in the K direction of the lines that
define the corner
of all cells
Note: DXV, DYV, DZV are alternate forms
Block-Centered vs Corner Point (cont’d)
2
Block-Centered Corner Point
(11,1,1) (11,1,1)
Cell connections are Cell connections are by

by logical order: geometric position:
(11,1,1)  (11,1,2), (10,1,2)partial & (10,1,3)
(11,1,1)  (11,1,2) & (10,1,1)
Block-Centered vs Corner Point (cont’d)
Block-centered Corner Point

 Cell description is simple  Cell description can be complex
– Pre-processor is not – Pre-processor is needed
required – Geometry data is
– Geometry data is small voluminous
 Geologic structures are  Geologic structures can be
modelled simplistically modelled accurately
– Incorrect cell connections – Pinchouts & unconformities
across faults (user must can be modelled accurately
modify transmissibility) – Layer contiguity across
fault plane is accurately
modelled
Radial vs Cartesian Coordinate
Block-centered Corner Point
Cartesian Radial Cartesian Radial
NX, NY, NZ NR, NTHETA, NZ NX, NY, NZ NR, NTHETA, NZ
DX, DY, DZ (or DR (INRAD & COORD, ZCORN COORD, ZCORN

D*V form) OUTRAD),
DTHETA, DZ (or
D*V form)
PERMX, -Y, -Z PERMR, -THT, -Z PERMX, -Y, -Z PERMR, -THT, -Z
MULTX, etc… MULTR, etc… MULTX, etc… MULTR, etc…
Grid Cell Property Definition
Cell properties
such as PORO,
PERMX, PERMY,
PERMZ, NTG are
averages defined
at the centre
Cartesian Data Reading
1
• Cell data is read with i cycling fastest, followed by j then k
k increasing
(1,1,1) i increasing
j increasing
(12,4,1)
Radial Data Reading Convention
1
Cell data is read with R cycling fastest, followed by  then k
k increasing  increasing
R increasing
(1,1,1)
(4,3,1)
mô phỏng thí nghiệm mẫu lõi đặc biệt (vì mẫu lõi là hình trục tròn)
Input Data Example
2
--NX = 5, NY = 3, NZ = 4
NTG
Specify each value 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Specify similar 15*0.40
15*0.95
values with * 15*0.85 / kết thúc keyword NTG
EQUALS
'PORO ' 0.250 /
'PERMX' 45 / Applies to whole grid
EQUALS example 'PERMX' 10
'PERMX' 588
1 5 1 3 2 2 /
1 5 1 3 3 3 /
Applies to cells specified
/
BOX
1 3 1 3 1 1 / This would overwrite
x y z PORO & PERMX
PORO
BOX example 9*0.28 / specified previously
PERMX absolute permeability
100 80 85 83 99 110 92 91 84 /
ENDBOX
COPY
COPY example 'PERMX' 'PERMY' /
'PERMX' 'PERMZ' /
/
MULTIPLY example MULTIPLY
'PERMZ' 0.05 /
11/25/2023 Dr. Mai Cao Lan - Faculty
/ of Geology & Petroleum Engineering - HCMUT 229
PROPS Section
 The PROPS section contains pressure and saturation dependent
properties of the reservoir fluids & rocks
 Fluid information required (for each fluid in RUNSPEC):
 Fluid PVT as a function of Pressure
 Density or Gravity
 Rock information required:
 Relative permeabilities as a function of saturation
 Capillary pressures as a function of saturation
 Rock compressibility as a function of pressure
PROPS Section – Rock Information
 The PROPS section contains pressure and saturation dependent
properties of the reservoir fluids & rocks
 Fluid information required (for each fluid in RUNSPEC):

 Fluid PVT as a function of Pressure
 Density or Gravity
 Rock information required:

 Relative permeabilities as a function of saturation
 Capillary pressures as a function of saturation
 Rock compressibility as a function of pressure
Black-Oil Model
• Suitable for use with BO model G: Near F: Wet Gas,
Critical Retrograde
Fluid
• Not suitable for use with BO model A: Dead Oil
• Suitable for use with BO model if the C: D:

fluids only have small compositional Dry
changes during the production phase B Gas
Condensate dropout or gas

liberation should be a small part
of the hydrocarbon in place
E: Wet
Remaining hydrocarbon Gas
composition should not change
significantly when gas is
liberated or condensate drops
out B: Live Oil, Initially C: Live Oil,
Undersaturated Saturated
11/25/2023 Mai Cao Lan, Faculty of Geology & Petroleum Engineering, HCMUT, Vietnam 232
PVT Black-Oil Model – Phase Combination
#
Phases Phase Combination RUNSPEC Keywords
Dead Oil OIL
1 Dry Gas GAS
Water WATER
Dead Oil Water OIL, WATER
2 Dry Gas Water GAS, WATER
Dead Oil Dry Gas OIL, GAS
Live oil with dissolved Water OIL GAS, DISGAS, WATER
Wet gas with vaporized Water OIL, GAS, VAPOIL, WATER
3
Live oil with Wet gas with
Water
dissolved gas vaporized oil OIL, GAS, DISGAS, VAPOIL, WATER
A: Dead Oil
C: Live Oil, D: Dry

Saturated Gas
E: Wet
B: Live Oil, Gas
Initially
Undersaturated
Modeling of Reservoir Oil Behavior with
Black-Oil Model
 PVT data for dead oil behavior modeling
 PVT data for live oil behavior modeling
Dead Oil Behavior Modeling (1)
lấy từ thí nghiệm CCE (mẫu loại A: dead oil)
PVDO
--P Bo Mu
2500 1.260 0.50
3000 1.257 0.55
3500 1.254 0.60
4000 1.251 0.65
4500 1.248 0.70 /
RSCONST
--GOR Pb
0.656 2500 /
RSVD
--D Rs
5000 0.656
6000 0.500 /
lấy từ thí nghiệm DE (từ bubble point trở xuống) (mẫu loại B
Dead Oil Behavior Modeling (2)
PVCDO
--Pref Bo(Pref) Co Mu(Pref) Cv
2500 1.260 6E-6 0.5 E-6 /
RSCONST
--Rs Pbub
0.656 2500 /
ECLIPSE calculates the

RSVD
PVT table using:
--D Rs
B o P   B o Pref e
5000 0.656 
C P  P ref 
6000 0.500 /

( C Cv ) P  Pref 
Bo  o ( P)  Bo  o ( Pref )e
Live Oil Behavior Modeling
lấy từ thí nghiệm DL
PVTO
--Rs Pbub FVF Mu
0.137 1214.7 1.1720 1.970
0.195 1414.7 1.2000 1.556
0.241 1614.7 1.2210 1.397
0.288 1814.7 1.2420 1.280
0.375 2214.7 1.2780 1.095
0.465 2614.7 1.3200 0.967
0.558 3014.7 1.3600 0.848
0.661 3414.7 1.4020 0.762
0.770 3814.7 1.4470 0.691
4214.7 1.4405 0.694
4614.7 1.4340 0.697 /
Live Oil Behavior Modeling
PVCO
--Pbub Rs FVF Mu Co Cv
1214.7 0.137 1.172 1.970 1E-5 0
1414.7 0.195 1.200 1.556 1E-5 0
1614.7 0.241 1.221 1.397 1E-5 0
1814.7 0.288 1.242 1.280 1E-5 0
2214.7 0.375 1.278 1.095 1E-5 0
2614.7 0.465 1.320 0.967 1E-5 0
3014.7 0.558 1.360 0.848 1E-5 0
3414.7 0.661 1.402 0.762 1E-5 0
3814.7 0.770 1.447 0.691 1E-5 0 / When calculating the undersaturated
region, ECLIPSE assumes:
PMAX
4500 /
dBo do
Co   B0 Cv  0
dP dP
Gas EoS in Black-Oil Model surface reservoir
 gg  R v  og
 gr 
Bg
Subscripts:
gr = reservoir gas Bg (formation volume factor):
og = surface oil
from reservoir gas V gr
gg = surface gas Bg 
from reservoir gas V gg
Rv (amount of surface oil vaporized in reservoir gas):
V og
Rv 
V gg
Reservoir Gas Behavior Modeling
• PVT data for dry gas
• PVT data for wet gas
Dry Gas Behavior Modeling (1)
PVZG
--Temp
150 /
--P Z Mu
400 1.22 0.0130
1200 1.30 0.0140
2000 1.34 0.0150
2800 1.50 0.0160
3600 1.55 0.0170
4000 1.70 0.0175 /
RVCONST
--Rv Pd
0.0047 400 /
RVVD
--D Rv
5000 0.0047
6000 0.0050 /
Dry Gas Behavior Modeling (2)
PVDG
--P Bg Mu
1214 13.947 0.0124
1414 7.028 0.0125
1614 4.657 0.0128
1814 3.453 0.0130
2214 2.240 0.0139
2614 1.638 0.0148
3014 1.282 0.0161 /
RVCONST
--Rv Pd
0.0047 1214 /
RVVD
--D Rv
5000 0.0047
6000 0.0050 /
Wet Gas Behavior Modeling
PVTG
-- Pg Rv Bg Mu
60 0.00014 0.05230 0.0234 /
120 0.00012 0.01320 0.0252 /
180 0.00015 0.00877 0.0281 /
240 0.00019 0.00554 0.0318 /
300 0.00029 0.00417 0.0355 /
360 0.00049 0.00357 0.0392 /
560 0.00060 0.00356 0.0393 /
/
Water EoS in Black-Oil Model
 ws
 wr 
Bw
Where
V wr
Bw 
V ws
Reference Densities
Surface densities are specified x
by DENSITY and GRAVITY.

Compressor
x x
1st
 oo  R s  go Stage 2nd
 or  Separat
or
Stage Stock Tank
Bo Separato
r
Water
 gg  R v  og Treatme
 gr  nt
Bg
 ws
 wr  Oil & Water at
Bw reservoir conditions
Rock Compressibility
• Rock Compressibility
 V pore 
C    V pore
Cell Bulk Volume is constant and
 P 
equal to Pore Volume + Rock Volume
• ECLIPSE adjusts the pore volume using:
V pore P   V pore Pref


 1  C ( P  Pref )  C ( P  Pref ) 
2


2 
 
Saturation Functions
3
Used to calculate the Used to calculate fluid

initial saturation for mobility to solve the
each phase in each cell flow equations
between cells and
from cell to well
Used to calculate the initial Relative permeability

transition zone saturation and capillary pressure
of each phase are functions with
respect to fluid
saturation.
Saturation Endpoints
Oil Water Relative Permeability
Kro
SWU
Krow
 SWL: connate water saturation
 SWCR: critical water saturation SWCR SOWCR
 SWU: maximum water saturation SWL (1 - Sw)
 SOWCR: critical oil-water saturation

 SGL: connate gas saturation +
Gas Oil Relative Permeability

 SGCR: critical gas saturation
 SGU: maximum gas saturation
 SOGCR: critical oil-gas saturation Krog Krg
SOGCR
SGL (1 - Sg) SGU
SGCR
Saturation Function Data - Example
These must be the same
SWOF SWL Must be zero

Must be SGOF
--Sw Krw Krow Pcwo
zero --Sg Krg Krog Pcgo
0.1510 0.0000 1.0000 400.00 0.0000 0.0000 1.0000 0.00
0.2033 0.0001 0.9788 20.40 0.0400 0.0000 0.6000 0.20
0.3500 0.0002 0.8302 11.65 0.1000 0.0220 0.3300 0.50
0.4000 0.0695 0.1714 3.60 0.2000 0.1000 0.1000 1.00
0.4613 0.1049 0.0949 2.78 0.3000 0.2400 0.0200 1.50
0.5172 0.1430 0.0511 1.93
0.4000 0.3400 0.0000 2.00
0.5731 0.1865 0.0246 1.07
0.5000 0.4200 0.0000 2.50
0.6010 0.2103 0.0161 0.83
0.6569 0.2619 0.0059 0.66 0.6000 0.5000 0.0000 3.00
0.7128 0.3186 0.0015 0.38 0.7000 0.8125 0.0000 3.50
0.8111 0.4309 0.0000 0.16 0.8490 1.0000 0.0000 3.90 /
0.8815 0.4900 0.0000 0.00 /
Must be zero
SGU = 1 - SWL
Saturation Function Data – Example (cont’d)
Must be zero Must be zero

SWFN SGFN SOF3
--Sw Krw Pcow --Sg Krg Pcog --So Krow Krog
0.10 0.000 20.0 0.00 0.000 0.00 0.30 0.000 0.000
0.20 0.004 5.00 0.05 0.000 0.03 0.40 0.089 0.008
0.30 0.032 3.30 0.50 0.253 0.064
0.15 0.089 0.30
0.40 0.062 2.60 0.60 0.354 0.125
0.25 0.164 0.60
0.50 0.172 1.50 0.70 0.586 0.343
0.35 0.253 1.00
0.60 0.365 0.80 0.80 0.854 0.729
0.45 0.354 1.50
0.70 0.500 0.60 0.90 1.000 1.000
0.55 0.465 2.10
0.80 0.667 0.30 /
0.65 0.586 2.80
0.90 0.833 0.10 Must be the same
1.00 1.000 0.00 0.75 0.716 3.60
0.85 0.854 4.50
SOILmax = 1 - SWL
/
0.90 1.000 5.50
/
3-Phase Oil Relative Permeability
1
SWL 1-So-SWL So
 ECLIPSE default model is a weighted
sum:
S g krog   S w  SWL krow

kro 
Sg
GAS S g  S w  SWL
S g  S w  SWL
OIL
 Other options in ECLIPSE
– Modified STONE 1
– Modified STONE 2 S w  SWL
WATER S g  S w  SWL
Uses Krog table

1-So
Uses Krow table
S g  S w  SWL  1  S o  SWL
SOLUTION Section
The SOLUTION is used to define the initial state of every cell in the model
 Initial pressure and phase

saturation
 Initial solution ratios
 Depth dependence of
reservoir fluid properties
 Oil and gas re-solution rates
 Initial analytical aquifer
conditions
ECLIPSE Initialization Options
 Equilibration - initial pressures and saturations are

computed by ECLIPSE using data entered with the EQUIL
keyword
 Restart - initial solution may be read from a Restart file

created by an earlier run of ECLIPSE
 Enumeration- initial solution is specified by the user

explicitly for every grid block
EQUIL Keyword
• Sets the contacts and pressures for conventional hydrostatic

equilibrium
• EQUIL items are interpreted differently depending on the phases
present
• May have more than one equilibration region (see EQLDIMS)
EQUIL
-- D P OWC Pcow GOC Pcog RSVD/PBVD RVVD/PDVD N
7000 4000 7150 0 1* 1* 1* 1* 0 /
Equilibration
2
Pressure
EQUIL
--D P OWC Pcow GOC Pcog
3500 4000 7150 0 3500 0 /
GOC
TZ 1. Given: Contacts, Datum and Pressure
Datum
2. Using BO EOS, calculate phase

pressures throughout the model, for
example:
h2
TZ P o ( h 2 )  P o ( h 1 )    o gdh
OWC h1
(Pcow = 0)
Depth
SCHEDULE Section
The SCHEDULE section is used to specify

 Well operations to be simulated
 Times (TSTEP, DATES) to be simulated
 Simulator tuning parameters
Well Specification: WELLSPECS
Introduces new well and specifies some of its general data. A well must
be introduced with this keyword before it can be referenced in any other
keyword
WELSPECS
--nm grp I J refD phase drad
P1 G 2 2 1* OIL -1 /
P21 G 8 1 1* OIL -1 /
I20 G 20 1 1* WAT -1 /
/
Completion Specifications: COMDAT
2
• Used to specify the position and properties of one or more

well completion
COMPDAT
--nm I J Ku Kl status sat CF Dwell Kh S
P1 2* 1 10 OPEN 1* 1* 0.583 /
P21 2* 1 10 SHUT 1* 1* 0.583 /
I20 2* 1 5 AUTO 1* 1* 0.583 /
/
Simulation Advance & Termination
DATES
1 JAN 1998 / Advance to 12.00 am on 1/1/98
1 JUN 1998 / Advance to 12.00 am on 1/6/98
TSTEP
1 / Advance to 12.00 am on 2/6/98
TSTEP
0.2 / Advance by 0.2 days
END Conclude simulation
Output Control
• To send output to the PRT file:
– RPTSCHED
• Can request many properties to be output
• To send output to Restart file(s )

– RPTRST
• Can request many properties to be output
• Can specify the frequency of output
• Can be used for Restart runs & 3D post-processors
Practice
Consider a 2-phase (oil,water) reservoir model having 5x5x3 cells (in X,Y,Z directions,
respectively). The cell sizes are 500ft x 500ft x 75ft, respectively and the depth of
reservoir top structure is 8,000ft. A production well (named as PROD) was drilled at
location (x,y)=(1,1) through the whole reservoir thickness. An injection well (named as
INJ) was drilled at location (x,y)=(5,5) through the whole reservoir thickness. Both wells
were completed by perforations in the entire reservoir thickness, starting from the depth
of 8,000ft.
The reservoir has 3 layers whose permeability in X,Y,Z directions are:
Layer Kx Ky Kz
1 200 150 20
2 1000 800 100
3 200 150 20
Practice – Grid Model
Practice
Oil Water Gas
lb/ft3 lb/ft3 lb/ft3
PVT fluid properties:
Densities at surface conditions are: 49 63 0.01
The oil FVF and viscosity are provided as follows:
Pressure Oil FVF Oil Viscosity

(psi) (lb/ft3) (cP)
300 1.25 1.0
800 1.20 1.1
6000 1.15 2.0
Well PROD has the predefined production rate of 10,000 STB/d (in both oil and
water). Well INJ has the injection flow rate of 11,000 STB/d of water.
Practice
At a pressure of 4,500 psia, the water FVF (Bw) is 1.02 bbl/STB, the
compressibility (cw) is 3 x 10-6 psi-1 and the viscosity (w). Ignoring the
viscosibility (dw/dp). The rock compressibility at a pressure of 4,500 psia is
4 x 10-6 psi-1. Water and oil relative permeability data and capilary pressures
are given as below:
0.8 cP
Sw Krw Kro Capillary
press. (psi)
0.25 0.00 0.90 4.0

0.50 0.20 0.30 0.8
0.7 0.40 0.10 0.2
0.80 0.55 0.00 0.1
Practice
Initial conditions: The oil field is set up to predict

performance from first oil with an initial pressure of 4,500
psia at the depth of 8,000 ft. The water-oil contact is at
8,200 ft, 50 ft below the bottom of the model. The initial
water saturation is 0.25.

ECLIPSE Course Practices

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

ECLIPSE Course Practices

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

ECLIPSE Course Practices

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

11/25/2023 Dr.

 Black Oil vs Compositional Simulators

 How ECLIPSE Works

 ECLIPSE Input Data File & Data Sections

 Reservoir Simulation with ECLIPSE

 Oil & gas phases are represented by one ‘component’

 Composition of gas & oil components are assumed to be

 Oil & gas phases are represented by multicomponent

 Assumes the reservoir fluids at all temperatures, pressures,

 A data file (in ASCII text format) is needed for ECLIPSE to

 Each section of the data file is read, processed, consistency

GRID Grid geometry and basic rock properties

EDIT Modification of the processed GRID data (optional section)

PROPS PVT & SCAL properties

REGIONS Subdivision of the reservoir (optional section)

SUMMARY Request output for line plots (optional section)

Wells, completions, rate data, flow correlations, surface facilities

Flow = Transmissibility * Mobility * Potential Difference

Geometry & Fluid Well

GRID PROPS SCHEDULE

 SCAL: Rock Properties

Can be read with text

Must use @convert to

Unified: One file Unlimited # of Reports

Unwanted files can be

*Most commonly used files

*Most commonly used files

 Define the simulation title

Number of PVT, AQUDIMS

Required Properties for each cell in the model:

Block Centered Corner Point

Block-Centered Corner Point

Block-Centered Corner Point

Cell connections are Cell connections are by

Block-centered Corner Point

Cartesian Radial Cartesian Radial

NX, NY, NZ NR, NTHETA, NZ NX, NY, NZ NR, NTHETA, NZ

DX, DY, DZ (or DR (INRAD & COORD, ZCORN COORD, ZCORN

PERMX, -Y, -Z PERMR, -THT, -Z PERMX, -Y, -Z PERMR, -THT, -Z

MULTX, etc… MULTR, etc… MULTX, etc… MULTR, etc…

• Cell data is read with i cycling fastest, followed by j then k

Cell data is read with R cycling fastest, followed by  then k

 Fluid information required (for each fluid in RUNSPEC):

 Rock information required:

• Suitable for use with BO model if the C: D:

Condensate dropout or gas

C: Live Oil, D: Dry

 PVT data for dead oil behavior modeling

 PVT data for live oil behavior modeling

ECLIPSE calculates the

• PVT data for dry gas

• PVT data for wet gas

by DENSITY and GRAVITY.

• ECLIPSE adjusts the pore volume using:

V pore P   V pore Pref

Used to calculate the Used to calculate fluid

Used to calculate the initial Relative permeability

 SOWCR: critical oil-water saturation

Gas Oil Relative Permeability

SWOF SWL Must be zero