Spk Unit II Part2

Unit-II
System Engineering
Dr. S.P.Khandait
Agenda
• System Engineering: Hierarchy,
• Business process engineering,
• Product engineering,
• System Modeling
• Requirement engineering: Analysis
• Analysis modeling approaches
• Outcome
• learn various System Modeling Approaches &
apply them in real world scenario.
Systems engineering
• Systems engineering (SE) is an interdisciplinary area
• Focus - development of complex
technological systems
• Software engineering encompasses the design,
development and maintenance of complex systems
• with consideration to their software and hardware,
their interconnections and the environments in
which they operate over the course of their life
cycle and ultimate decommissioning
Systems engineering
• Systems thinking, in general, is a holistic
approach that focuses on the way that a system's
constituent parts interrelate and how systems
work over time and within the context of larger
systems.
• Current and developing trends of
increasing automation and the Internet of Things
are necessitating a more holistic view of the
increasingly complex and interconnected systems
operating throughout business and industry .
Systems engineering
• SE integrates knowledge and methods from multiple fields of
science and technology to spark innovation in the development
and implementation of new technologies.
• Disciplines informing SE include control
engineering, cybernetics, electrical engineering, engineering
management, industrial engineering, manufacturing
engineering, mechanical engineering, organizational
studies, project management and software engineering.
Business Process Engineering
A business process is a collection of activities or tasks that produce a specific service
or product for end users.
It is usually represented as a flowchart as a sequence of activities that points to a
Process Matrix.
Business process Modeling is carried out by Process owners or product owners to

enable the test team to test efficiently.
It aims to improve business performance by optimizing the efficiency of the
associated activities of a product or service.
Business Process Hierarchy
Business Process Life Cycle
Business process engineering is a way in which organizations
study their current business processes and develop new methods
to improve productivity, efficiency, and operational costs.
Business process engineering focuses on new business
processes, how to diagnose problems with an organization's
current methodology, and how to redesign, reconstruct, and
monitor processes to ensure they are effective
Conceptual Framework for Business Process
Engineering
Business Process Testing [BPT]
• It is a tool used for an automated and manual
testing for designing tests, maintaining tests and
executing tests.
• The reusable tests are usually designed by Business
Analysts for improving test efficiency.
Benefits and Features of BPT :
• Allows non-technical subject matter expertise to
quickly build a reusable test workflow.
• It reduces the effort required for test maintenance.
• It converts the manual tests to manual test
components.
• It provides a framework to build User Acceptance
Tests to meet the requirements.
Product Engineering
• Software Products are nothing but software
systems delivered to the customer with the
documentation that describe how to install and use
the system.
• certain cases, software products may be part of
system products where hardware, as well as
software, is delivered to a customer.
• Software products are produced with the help of
the software process.
Types of software products
• Generic products:
Generic products are the stand-alone systems
that are developed by a production unit and sold
on the open market to any customer who is able
to buy them.
• Customized Products:
Customized products are the systems that are
commissioned by a particular customer. Some
contractor develops the software for that
customer.
Essential characteristics of Well-Engineered
Software Product
• Efficiency:The software should not make wasteful use of system resources
such as memory and processor cycles.
• Maintainability: It should be possible to evolve the software to meet the
changing requirements of customers.
• Dependability: It is the flexibility of the software that ought to not cause
any physical or economic injury within the event of system failure. It
includes a range of characteristics such as reliability, security and safety.
• In time: Software should be developed well in time.
• Within Budget: The software development costs should not overrun and it
should be within the budgetary limit.
• Functionality: The software system should exhibit the proper functionality,
i.e, it should perform all the functions it is supposed to perform.
• Adaptability:The software system should have the ability to get adapted to
a reasonable extent with the changing requirements.
Product engineering
• refers to the process of designing and developing
a device, assembly, or system such that it be
produced as an item for sale through some
production manufacturing process.
• Product engineering is an engineering discipline
that deals with both design
and manufacturing aspects of a product.
Roles & Responsibility
• Product engineers define the yield road map and drive
the fulfillment during ramp-up and volume production,
• Identify and realize measures for yield improvement, test
optimization and product cost-ability methods,
• Define qualification plan and perform feasibility analysis.
• Product engineers are the technical interface between
the component development team and the production
side (Front End and Back End), especially after the
development phase and qualifications when the high
volume production is running.
• Product engineers improve the product quality and
secure the product reliability by balancing the cost of
tests and tests coverage that could impact the
production fall-off.
• They support failure analysis request from customers.
BPR Model
MCQ
Q1. System engineering integrates _____ and _____ from multiple fields
of science and technology to spark innovation in the development
and implementation of new technologies b
a) Data , information
b) knowledge , methods
c) Methods, tools
d) knowledge , tools
Q2. In the system hierarchy, for software context, system element such
as computer program is present at – b
a) element vies
b) domain view
c) world view
d) detailed view
MCQ
Q3. Who is responsible to carry out business process engineering
to enable the test team to test efficiently?
a) Manager
b) Process/ product owner
c) Test engineer
d) Programmer
Q4. In Business Process Hierarchy, business area analysis comes
under –
a) World view
b) Element view
c) Domain view
d) Detailed view
MCQs
Q5. The product developed by a production unit
and sold on the open market to any customer
who is able to buy them is referred as –
a) customized product
b) Generic product
c) hybrid product
d) None of the mentioned
Q6. Which of the following is not a processing
requirement of software at domain view
a) data
b) Function
c) Behavior
d) knowledge

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Unit-II

Business process Modeling is carried out by Process owners or product owners to

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