What I Need to Know

Words have different meanings depending on context – this is true when it comes to
the English language, especially when you take into consideration how many words
it has “borrowed” from other languages.
This is why, it is important to address the issue of not only knowing, but recognizing
how some of these words work. The main challenge in this topic is recognizing the
context that surrounds the words or meanings it may take within the context it is
presented.
This lesson will help the learner recognize the expanded meaning of a word in which
it may take through the use of adjectives, affixes, and contextual clues.
This module contains a lesson that will lead you to:
Learning Competency: Give the expanded definitions of words.
(EN10V-IIIa-13.9)
After going through this module, you are expected to:
State the correct expanded definition of words using adjectives and affixes; and
Use expanded words in sentences.

What I Know

Activity: Fill me
Directions: Read the supplied definition for each item. Your task is to supply the
missing letters in order to complete the word which is defined in each item. The
letters available for each set are given as clues.

1. - to become greater in extend.

2. - the action or the process of
stating the meaning of a word.

3. - the parts of something written or spoken

that immediately precede and follow a word or passage and clarify its meaning.

4. - an educational unit which covers a single

subject or topic.

5. - a brief remark or conversation.

Activity 2: Think Me
Directions: Form at least 10 derivations from the source word given below.
Example:
Source Word: beautiful

Start here:

Source word – pandemic

Activity 3: The World of Word Expansion

Directions: Study the highlighted portion of the word (affixes) as well as the context
of the sentence to help you complete its meaning.
Example: When you exhale, you breathe air outwards.
1. A circumnavigator is someone who has sailed _________ the world.
2. A teacher is someone _________ teaches the learners.
3. John is ________ with generosity. He is a generous person.
4. Submerged cameras allow people to see _________ the water.
5. Please return my pen, Richard. I need it __________.

What’s New

Activity 4
Directions: Read the poem below titled Song of Autumn by French author Charles
Baudelaire and translated to English by William Aggeler. Fill in the table by listing
down five (5) adjectives taken from the poem. Underline the suffix in each word,
then use it in a sentence. An example is provided for your guide.
Example:
1. bountiful - We should be thankful with the bountiful blessings from above.

What Is It

An extended definition may explain the word’s etymology or historical roots,

describes sensory characteristics of something (how it looks, feels, sounds, taste,
smells), identifies its parts, indicates how something is used, explains what it is not
used, provides an example of it, and/or notes similarities or differences between this
term and other words or things.
Expanded or extended definition of words recognizes the meaning a word may take
through the use of contextual clues, adjectives, and affixes.
What are context clues?

Context clues provide further information about a word or phrase that helps readers
understand its meaning. These clues offer insight – either directly or indirectly - into
the portion of text that is difficult to understand.

Example:
Word: idyllic
Clues: sunny, warm, and perfect for a walk in the park.
Sentence: It was an idyllic day.

What is an adjective?

Adjectives are words that modify or clearly define the nouns and pronouns to use in
your speaking and writing. You can usually tell whether a word is an adjective if it
answers the questions what kind, how many, or which one.

Adjectives may derive from nouns. Salty, mountainous, and colorful are adjectives
derived from nouns. It may become an adjective simply by being used to describe
another noun as in salty water, mountainous area, and colorful flowers.
Words a, an, and the are special adjectives called articles. The is the definite article.
It points out one specific person, place, thing, or idea. A and an are indefinite
articles. They are less specific.

Examples: Hand me the pen, please. (one specific pen)

Hand me a pen, please. (any pen)
However, sometimes an ending such as – an, -ian, -n, -ese, or ish is added to a
noun to make it adjective.

What are affixes?

Affixes are a set of letters/syllables generally added at the beginning or end of a root
word to modify its meaning. The two main types of affixes are prefixes and suffixes.

Prefix is a syllable/word part that may be added at the beginning of a base word or
root word.
Example:

Root word = touch

Prefix = un
New word = untouch

Suffix is a syllable/word part that may be added after the base word or root word.

Example:

Root word = touch

Suffix = able
New word = touchable

What’s More

Activity 5: A Closer Glance at Word

Directions: Recall the poem titled Song of Autumn in Activity 4. In order to
understand the poem clearly, study how the writer developed the overall style of the
poem by filling in the blank with the correct affixes in the following sentences. Use
the clue found after each statement.

The season in “Autumn Song” represents the current physic__ and mental state of
the poet. (Clue:related to)
The warm of summer is represented as happi___ and joy for the poet.
(Clue:being/with)
The winter signals coldness and dark____. (Clue: being/with)
Summer mean_ happiness and joy. (Clue: more than one)
Winter usual__ is a period of inactivity. (Clue: a certain way)

Activity 6: Let’s Do the T-W-I-S-T

Directions: Use the highlighted keyword as well as the general context of the
sentence to help determine what word is missing. Write your answers on the space
provided.
Example: In order to make the air pure from contaminants, we have to purify it.

1. If a body part or an organ is affected by the cancer cells, it can be classified as

__________.

2. If you can predict his actions, then he is quite __________.

3. The gradual slope will _________ become harder to climb.

4. The only way for you to stop their _________ before it starts is to discourage
them to argue in the first place.

5. If being punctual is a good thing, then _________ is a virtue.

Activity 7: Stretch the Word

Directions: Use the given words/phrases in a sentence by using adjectives and
words with affixes found in the word pool. Write the word/s on the space provided.

Example: The women wore long flowing dresses.

A journey beneath a rig is an excursion to an _______________ realm.

You have the sweetest and most ____________ smile.
The terms of this contract are _____________.
The news of the child’s safe return made us all ____________.
The beach was so ___________ with people.
What I Have Learned

Activity 8: Mystery words

Directions: Match the definitions in column B with the words in column A. Write only
the letter of your choice on the space provided before each item.

What I Can Do

Activity 9: Check it out

Directions: Add a prefix and a suffix to each root word to form new word. Use the
new word in a sentence.

Ex: un + doubt + ed Sentence: Emma was undoubted about what happened

yesterday.

Activity 10: Do as I Say

Directions: Fill in any of the missing base part using the following given suffixes to
form new words. See the example.

Example Suffix Adjective

Directions: Read each item carefully, and encircle the letter of the correct answer.

1. Which of the following words can either mean a season or the act of rapidly
moving downwards?
Fall
Spring
Summer
Winter

2. What is an expanded definition of words?

A word that can provide factual information
A word that can take different meaning depending on the context
A word that can use to expand an idea
A word that can connect thoughts and opinions

3. When do we use a definite article in a sentence?

We use it to tell something about a point of view of a person.
We use it to give specific information about things.
We use it to point out one specific person, place, thing or idea.
We use it to follow specific rules and guidelines.

4. How can we identify if the word is an adjective?

If it describes a verb and adverb
If it describes a noun or pronoun
If it describes a preposition
If it describes a conjunction

5. What do we call the words a, an and the?

Predicate adjective
Demonstrative adjective
Comparative adjective
Special adjective articles

6. Which among the choices is NOT an adjective?

An
Tall
Cabin
Old

7. When a set of letters added at the beginning or end of a base word to modify its
meaning, we call it _________.
affix
prefix
suffix
infix

8. Which of the following words is an example of an affix?

Cycle
International
Monologue
Sorrowful

9. What word is used to describe or modify a noun or a pronoun?

Adverb
Verb
Affix
Adjective

10. When a set of letters added at the end of the root word, we call it ________.
Prefix
Suffix
Infix
Affix
Additional Activity
(Optional)

Directions: Give the complete word for each item by studying the highlighted portion
of the sentence as well as its general context. Use all clues available to complete
the word fragment.

1. Below-grade materials are often referred to as __________ standard in quality.

2. People in a __________ cession move forward.
3. ______scopic issues that involve many factors are generally hard to tackle.
4. Software designed to destroy computer viruses are known as ______viruses.
5. If you have the link between the agencies, you are _____connected

ANSWER KEY

References:

Blog Entry

Charles Baudelaire, “Song of Autumn”, FleursDuMal.org, 2021,

https://fleursdumal.org/

Book
Almonte, Liza R., Flandez, Lerma L., Hermosa, Angelina Lourdes, Nedia Lagustan,
Liberty A. Mangaluz, Elenita R. Miranda, Paul Anthony B. Mendoza, Lito A.
Palomar, Grace B. Annette Barradas-Soriano, and Karen B. Villanueva, Celebrating
Diversity through World Literature. Pasig City: Rex Book Store, Inc. 2015, 273, 297,
299, 371-318, 323, 352, 354, 373, 376, 384,
Glatthorn Allan A and Brenda C Rosen, Littell English, Evanston,III:
McDougal:Littell, 1990.
Online Sources

“Example Articles & Resources.”. Accessed February 3, 2021,

https://examples.yourdictionary.com

“Teaching Resources & Strategies for K-12.”, 2021, TeacherVision. Accessed

February 3, 2021. https://www.teachervision.com.

“ThoughtCo1’, Allen Grove, Ph.D., et al, accessed February 2, 2021,

https://www.thoughtco.com.
Derived WordsMeaning
1. bat2. beat3. fault4. tale- a small flying mammal.- to mix by stirring.- fracture in the
crust of the planet.- a narrative of an event.

Derived WordsMeaning
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.6.7. 8.9.10.

Adjectives with suffixesSentences

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

AFFIXES
Root WordPrefixesNew WordMeaning Root WordSuffixes New WordMeaning
socialanti-anti-socialagainstsuit/reverse-able, iblesuitable/reversiblecan be done
cyclebi-bicycletwointern/curt-al, -ailinternal/curtailrelated to, like
railde-derailoppositeinvent-edinventedpast tense
placedis-displacenot, opposite ofmoist-enmoistenmade of
formal/properin, im-informal/improperin/notpaint/far-er, -estpainter/farthestmore, one
who
schoolinter-interschoolbetweenharm-ful, -yharmful/harmfullyfull of
summermid-midsummermiddlechild-ishchildishsomewhat like or near
communicatemis-miscommunicatewronglysense-lesssenselesswithout
swimmernon-non-swimmernotpart-lypartlya certain way
heatpre-pre-heatbeforedanger-ousdangerousfilled with
usere-reuseagaindry-nessdrynessbeing/with
circlesemi-semi-circlehalfkey/fox-s, -eskeys/foxesmore than one
sequencesub-subsequenceunderact-ionactionact of
settledun-unsettlednotcontent-mentcontentmentcombination of being

Column AColumn B
Expanded definitionA group of letters added the beginning of the root word.
AdjectivesPoints out one specific person, place, thing or idea.
AffixesA set of letters added to the beginning or end of the root word.
Definite articlesThe morphological component of a word that contributes to its most
basic meaning.
Prefixes A word use to modify a noun or a pronoun.
A word that can take different meanings depending on the context.

prefixroot wordsuffixnew wordsentence

plan
charge
button
infect
fortunate

nation-alnational

-ed
-less
-en
-ary
-ate
-ful
-ly
-ent
-ory
-some