1 2

* cah;thf epidj;jhy; cah;e;jpl KbAk; * 23. Calculate the average atomic mass of naturally occurring magnesium using the
following data.
XI - STD CHEMISTRY QUESTION BANK
1. Basic Concepts of Chemistry and Chemical Calculations
1. Define relative atomic mass
2. What do you understand by the term mole.
3. Define Avagadro number.
4. Define Gram Equivalent mass 24. The density of carbon dioxide is equal to 1.965 kgm-3 at 273 K and 1 atm pressure.
5. Define Molar volume. Calculate the molar mass of CO2
6. What do you understand by the term oxidation number. 25. Which contains the greatest number of moles of oxygen atoms
7. Define limiting reagent.
8. Give the difference between Oxidation and Reduction. 26. Mass of one atom of an element 6.645 x 10-23 g.
9. What is Dispropotination reaction? How many moles of element are there in 0.320 kg
10. What is the difference between molecular mass and molar mass? Calculate the 27. Balance the following equations by oxidation number method.
molecular mass and molar mass for carbon monoxide.
11. Calculate the molar mass of the following compounds.
i) Urea [CO(NH2)2] ii) Acetone [CH3CO CH3]
iii) Boric Acid [H3BO3] iv) Sulpuric Acid [H2SO4]
12. Calculate the Gram Equivalent mass of Sulpuric Acid [H2SO4]
13. Calculate the relative molecular mass of Hydrogen
14. Calculate the relative molecular mass of Glucose
15. Write notes on Empirical formula and Molecular formula
16. What is the Empirical formula of the following?

2. Quantum Mechanical Model of Atom

1. State Heisenberg’s uncertainity principle.
17. Calculate the oxidation number of the element 2. Describe the Aufbau principle.
(a) CO2 (b) H2SO4 (c)H2O (d) Cr2O7 2- 3. State and explain pauli exclusion principle.
18. Whar are the different types of Redox reactions. 4. Describe Hund's rule
19. A compound on analysis gave the following percentage composition C = 54.55% 5. What is exchange energy?
H = 9.09% O = 36.66% Determine the empirical formula of the compound.
6. Which quantum number reveal information about the shape, energy, orientation and
20. An acid found in Tamarind on analysis shows the following percentage composition size of orbitals?
40% carbon, 6.6% hydrogen and 53.4% oxygen. Find the empirical formula and 7. Derive de Broglie equation
molecular formula. (molar mass = 60 gmol-1) 8. How many orbitals are possible for n =4?
21. Calculate the empirical and molecular formula of a compound containing 9. How many radial nodes and angular nodes for 2s, 4p, 5d, 4f and 3d orbitals exhibit?
76.6% carbon, 6.38% hydrogen and rest oxygen its vapour density is 47 10. Write notes on assumptions of Bohr’s atom model.
22. A compound on analysis gave Na = 14.31%, S= 9.97%, H = 6.22% O = 69.5% 11. What are the limitations of Bohr’s atom model?
Calculate the molecular formula of the compound, if all the hydrogen in the 12. Give the electronic configuration of Mn 2+ and Cr3+
compound is present in combination with oxygen as water of crystallization. 13. Explain Quantum numbers
(molecular mass of the compound is 322) 14. Give the actual and expected electronic configuration of Chromium and Copper.
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15. Consider the following electronic arrangements for the d5 configuration. 4. HYDROGEN
1. Justify the position of hydrogen in the periodic table?
2. Explain why hydrogen is not placed with the halogen in the periodic table.
(i) Which of these represents the ground state 3. What are isotopes? Write the names of isotopes of hydrogen.
(ii) Which configuration has the maximum exchange energy. 4. Give the difference between Ortho and para hydrogen
16. Explain briefly the time independent schrodinger wave equation? 5. How do you convert para hydrogen into ortho hydrogen ?
17. For each of the following, give the sub level designation, the allowable m values and 6. How is the preparation of deuterium.
the number of orbitals 7. Explain the Lab preparation of hydrogen
8. List the uses of Hydrogen
9. Give the uses of heavy water
18. An atom of an element contains 35 electrons and 45 neutrons. Deduce
10. List the used of Hydrogen peroxide
i) the number of protons ii) the electronic configuration for the element
11. Compare the structures of H2O and H2O2.
iii) All the four quantum numbers for the last electron
12. Discuss the types of hydrides.
13. Discuss the three types of Covalent hydrides.
14. Derive hydrogen bonding and types of hydrogen bonding.
15. Explain the exchange reactions of deuterium.
3. Periodic Classification of Elements 16. Give the preparation of Hydrogen using electrolysis
1. Define modern periodic law. 17. What is Hard water and Soft water.
2. What are isoelectronic ions? Give examples. 18. What is Temporary hardness and how it is removed?
3. What is effective nuclear charge ? 19. What is Permanent hardness and how it is removed?
4. What is shielding effect ? 20. Explain the Ion Exchange method of Softening hard water.
5. What is Ionisation energy ? 21. Why hydrogen peroxide is not stored in Glass bottles?
6. What is Electron Affinity? 22. Hydrogen peroxide can function as an oxidizing agent as well as reducing agent.
7. Define electronegativity. Substantiate this statement with suitable examples.
8. Explain the diagonal relationship. 23. What is water-gas shift reaction ?
9. Ionisation potential of N is greater than that of O. Why? 24. How do you expect the metallic hydrides to be useful for hydrogen storage ?
10. Mention any two anomalous properties of second period elements. 25. Why interstitial hydrides have a lower density than the parent metal.
11. Why halogens act as oxidising agents? 26. NH3 has exceptionally high melting point and boiling point as compared to those of
12. Give the general electronic configuration of lanthanides and actinides? the hydrides of the remaining element of group 15 - Explain.
13. Explain the pauling method for the determination of ionic radius. 27. Arrange NH3, H2O and HF in the order of increasing magnitude of hydroge bonding
14. State and explain Dobereiner triads. and explain the basis for your arrangement.
15. State Newlands’ Octaves.
16. State the trends in the variation of electronegativity in group and periods.
17. Explain the periodic trend of ionisation potential.
18. Briefly give the basis for pauling's scale of electronegativity.

5. ALKALI AND ALKALINE EARTH METALS

1. Explain the important common features of Alkali metals.
2. Explain the important common features of Group 2 element
3. What is the reason for the distinctive behavior of lithium
4. Why beryllium shows anomalous behavior.

P. KATHIRVEL, M.Sc.,B.Ed., PG TEACHER IN CHEMISTRY, GBHSS - ANTHIYUR - ERODE. Cell 9150550110 P. KATHIRVEL, M.Sc.,B.Ed., PG TEACHER IN CHEMISTRY, GBHSS - ANTHIYUR - ERODE. Cell 9150550110
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5. Substantiate Lithium fluoride has the lowest solubility among group one metal 12. Derive the values of critical constants in terms of van der Waals constants.
fluorides. 13. Compressibility factor Z
6. Discuss the similarities between Lithium and magnesium. 14. What is Boyle temperature or Boyle point?
7. Discuss the similarities between beryllium and aluminium. 15. Difine Inversion temperature
8. Beryllium halides are covalent whereas magnesium halides are ionic why? 16. What are ideal gases? In what way real gases differ from ideal gases.
9. Why alkaline earth metals are harder than alkali metals. 17. Give the mathematical expression that relates gas volume and moles.
10. Why sodium hydroxide is much more water soluble than sodium chloride? 18. Can a Van der Waals gas with a=0 be liquefied? explain.
11. Write the flame colour of Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals 19. Name two items that can serve as a model for Gay Lusaac’ law and explain.
1. Lithium 2. Sodium 3. Potassium 4. Rubidium 20. Explain the following observations.
5. Caesium 6. Calcium 7. Strontium 8. Barium a) Aerated water bottles are kept under water during summer
12. How is plaster of paris prepared? b) Liquid ammonia bottle is cooled before opening the seal.
13. Mention the uses of plaster of paris c) The tyre of an automobile is inflated to slightly lesser pressure in summer than in winter
14. Give the uses of gypsum. d) The size of a weather balloon becomes larger as it ascends up into larger altitude
15. Write the chemical equations for the reactions involved in solvay process of
preparation of sodium carbonate.
16. Describe briefly the biological importance of Calcium and magnesium.
17. What is Dead Burnt Plaster?
7. THERMODYNAMICS
18. Which is called desert rose? Why?
1. Explain Extensive and properties with examples
19. Mention the uses of Alkali Metals
2. What are state and path functions? Give two examples.
20. Give the uses of Magnesium
3. Identify the state and path functions out of the following:
21. Give the uses of Calcium
a) Enthalpy b) Entropy c) Heat d) Temperature e) Work f) Free energy
22. Give the systematic names for the following
4. State the Zeroth law of thermodynamics.
1. milk of magnesia 2. lye 3. lime 4. Caustic potash 5. Baking soda
5. State the first law of thermodynamics.
6. washing soda 7. soda ash 8. trona 9. desert rose 10. Plaster of paris
6. State the third law of thermodynamics.
11. Cooking salt or Table salt 12. Blue john
7. Define Hess's law of constant heat summation.
8. What is lattice energy?
9. What is the usual definition of entropy? What is the unit of entropy?
10. Define is Gibb’s free energy.
6. GASEOUS STATE 11. Give the applications of the Bomb calorimeter.
1. State the Boyle’s Law 12. What are spontaneous reactions? Write conditions for the spontaneity of a process?
2. State the Charles Law 13. Define Iinternal energy. List the characteristics of internal energy.
3. State the Gay-Lussac’s Law 14. List the characteristics of Entropy
4. State the Avogadro’s Hypothesis 15. List the characteristics of Gibbs free energy.
5. State the Dalton’s law of partial pressures 16. State the various statements of second law of thermodynamics.
6. State the Graham’ s Law of Diffusion 17. Define molar heat capacity. Give its unit.
7. Distinguish between diffusion and effusion. 18. Define the calorific value of food. What is the unit of calorific value?
8. Derive the ideal gas equation 19. Define enthalpy of combustion.
9. Define Joule-Thomson effect. 20. Define enthalpy of neutralization.
10. Give three methods used for liquefaction of gases 21. Define Isothermal process
11. Write the Vander Waals equation for a real gas. 22. Define Isobaric process
Explain the correction term for pressure and volume 23. Define Isochoric process
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24. Define Adiabatic process 18. Write a balanced chemical equation for the equilibrium reaction for which the
25. Define standard entropy of formation equilibrium constant is given by expression
26. Predict the feasibility of a reaction when i) both ΔH and ΔS positive
ii) both ΔH and ΔS negative iii) ΔH decreases but ΔS increases
27. If an automobile engine burns petrol at a temperature of 816oC and if the
surrounding temperature is 21oC, calculate its maximum possible efficiency.
28. Calculate the entropy change when 1 mole of ethanol is evaporated at 351 K.
The molar heat of vaporisation of ethanol is 39.84 kJ mol-1
29. Calculate the entropy change during the melting of one mole of ice into water at 0⁰C
and 1 atm pressure. Enthalpy of fusion of ice is 6008 J mol-1
30. The equilibrium constant of a reaction is 10, what will be the sign of ΔG? Will this
reaction be spontaneous?
31. Calculate the standard entropy change for the following reaction(ΔSfo), given the
9. SOLUTIONS
standard entropies of CO2(g), C(s), O2(g) as 213.6, 5.740 and 205 JK−1 respectively. 1. Define Molality
2. Define Normality
3. What are Factors influencing the solubility
4. Explain the effect of pressure on the solubility.
5. Define vapour pressure
6. State and explain Henry’s law
8. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM 7. Mention the limitations of Henry’s law
1. Why chemical equilibrium is considered as dynamic equilibrium? 8. Define Raoult’s law
2. Define Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Equilibrium 9. What are Ideal and Non ideal solutions?
3. Define Law of Mass action 10. Wrte the Examples for non-ideal solutions showing positive deviations
4. Define Le-Chatelier Braun principle 11. Wrte the Examples for non-ideal solutions showing negative deviation
5. Define equilibrium constant 12. Define the term ‘isotonic solution’.
6. Define Reaction Quotient ‘Q’ 13. Define Colligative property. What are they?
7. List the application of Equilibrium constant 14. Define Osmosis
8. Effect of inert gas on a equilibrium reaction 15. Define Osmotic pressure
9. Explain how the equilibrium constant Kc is used to find out the direction of the 16. What is reverse osmosis ?
reaction. 17. What is Van’t Hoff equation of Osmotic pressure.
10. Derive the relation between KP and KC. 18. Define Van’t Hoff factor
11. What is the relation between Kp and Kc. Give one example for Kc is equal to Kc 19. Define Molarity
20. Define Formality
12. Derive the equilibrium constant Kp and KC for the formation of HI.
21. Define Mole fraction
13. Derive the equilibrium constant KP and KC for the formation of ammonia (NH3)
22. Define Relative Lowering of Vapour pressure
14. Derive the equilibrium constant KP and KC for dissociation of PCl5 23. What is molal depression constant? Does it depend on nature of the solute ?
15. Deduce the Vant Hoff equation.
16. Derive a general expression for the equilibrium constant KP and KC for the reaction
3H2(g) + N2(g) 2NH3(g)
17. Derive a general expression for the equilibrium constant KP and KC for the
reaction 2CO2 (g) CO2 (g) + C(s)
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10. CHEMICAL BONDING 14. What is Retention factor (or) Rf value?

1. Define Bond order 15. Write structural formula for the following compounds
2. Define Hybridisation (a) m – dinitrobenzene (b) p-dichloro benzene (c) 1, 3, 5- Trimethyl benzene
3. what are types of chemical bonds? 16. Describe the reactions involved in the detection of nitrogen in an organic compound
4. What is a σ and π bond? Which bond is stronger σ or π? Why? by Lassaigne method.
5. Define bond energy (Bond Enthalpy). 17. Give the principle involved in the estimation of halogen in an organic compound by
carius method.
6. What is dipolemoment?
18. Explain the estimation of Nitrogen by Kjeldahl’s method.
7. State and Explain Molecular Orbital ( MO ) theory.
19. IUPAC Name of Organic compounds
8. Discuss the formation of N2 molecule using MO Theory
9. Draw the M.O diagram for oxygen molecule and show that O2 is paramagnetic.
10. Draw MO diagram of CO molecule and calculate its bond order.
+
11. Which one of the following has highest bond order? N2, N2 or N2 -
12. Describe Fajan's rule.
13. Explain VSEPR theory. Applying this theory to predict the shapes of IF7, and SF6
14. Explain the covalent character in ionic bond.
15. What type of hybridisations are possible in the following geometeries?
a) octahedral b) tetrahedral c) square planer
16. Draw the Lewis structures for the following species.
1. Water (H2O) 2. Ammonia (NH3) 3. Methane (CH4) 4. Nitric Acid (HNO3)
5. Sulphur tri oxide (SO3) 6. NO3- 7. SO42- 8. OZONE (O3)

11. FUNDAMENTAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY

1. Give the general characteristics of organic compounds?
2. Write a note on homologous series.
3. Describe the classification of organic compounds based on their structure.
4. What is meant by a functional group? Identify the functional group in the following
compounds.
(a) Alcohol (b) acetaldehyde (c) oxalic acid (d) di methyl ether (e) methylamine 12. BASIC CONCEPT OF ORGANIC REACTIONS
5. Give the general formula for the following classes of organic compounds
1. Give the difference between Nucleophiles and Electrophiles
(a) Aliphatic monohydric alcohol (b) Aliphatic ketones (c) Aliphatic amines.
6. Explain the various types of constitutional (structural) isomerism organic compounds. 2. Explain inductive effect with suitable example.
7. Define Cis and Trans isomer with examble. (or) 3. Explain electromeric effect.
Explain geometrical isomerism in alkene by considering 2- butene as an example. 5. Define Resonance or Mesomeric effect
8. What are the conditions for the optical activity? 4. Define Hyper Conjugation (no bond resonance)
9. Describe optical isomerism with suitable example. 6. Define Substitution reactions? Write the type of Substitution reactions?
10. How is prepared lassaignes extract or sodium fusion extract? 7. What are Addition reaction? Write the type of Substitution reactions?
11. Explain sublimation and what type of compounds are purified in this method ? 8. Give examples of the β - elimination reactions
12. What are the steps in Crystallization
13. Define chromatography, principle and various types of chromatography

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13. HYDROCARBONS 15. ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY

1. Wurtz reaction 1. What are degradable and non-degradable pollutants?
2. Fittig reaction (Biphenyl Preparation) 2. Explain how does greenhouse effect cause global warming
3. Wurtz – Fittig reaction 3. How is acid rain formed? Explain its effect
4. Preparation of Ethylene (dehydration of Alcohol) 4. What is Eutrophication?
5. Ethylene react with cold dilute alkaline KMnO4 Solution (Baeyer’s Reagent) 5. What is green chemistry?
6. Ozonolysis 6. Which is considered to be earth’s protective umbrella? Why?
7. Decarboxylation reaction 7. What are particulate pollutants? Explain any three.
8. Kolbe’s Electrolysis 8. Difference between Viable particulates Non-viable particulates
9. Markovnikov rule 9. Define smog. How does classical smog differ from photochemical smog?
10. Anti- Markovnikov rule ( Peroxide effect ) ( Kharasch addition ) 10. Difference between BOD and COD
11. Polymerization 11. What are the various methods you suggest to protect our environment from
12. What happened when acetylene gas is passed through red hot tube ? pollution?
13. Phenol to Benzene (m) Phenol react with Zinc 12. On the basis of chemical reactions involved, explain how do CFC’s cause depletion of
14. Birch reduction ozone layer in stratosphere?
15. Friedel craft reaction (Methylation) 13. What would happen, if the greenhouse gases were totally missing in the earth’s
16. Friedel craft reaction (Acetylation) atmosphere?
17. Preparation of Gammaxane ( Lindane ) BHC ( Benzene Hexa Chloride ) BHC 14. Explain how oxygen deficiency is caused by carbon monoxide in our blood?
18. Explain the structure of Benzene Give its effect
19. Substitution reaction of Methane 15. Mention the standards prescribed by BIS for quality of drinking water
20. Sabatier Sendersen’s reaction
21. Describe Conformations of n-Butane

14. HALOALKANES AND HALOARENES

1. Gattermann reaction (Benzene diazonium chloride to Choloro benzene) ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - SUMS
2. Sandmayers reaction (Benzene diazonium chloride to Choloro benzene) 1. An organic compound (A) with molecular formula C2H5Cl reacts with KOH gives
3. Carbylamine reaction (Test for primary amine) compounds (B) and with alcoholic KOH gives compound (C). Identify (A), (B) and (C).
4. Dow process (or) Phenol from Choloro benzene 2. Simplest alkene (A) reacts with HCl to form compound (B).Compound (B) reacts with
5. Williamsons ether synthesis (Preparation of Diethyl Ether) ammonia to form compound (C) of molecular formula C2H7N. Compound (C)
6. Explain the preparation of Chloropicrin and uses.
undergoes carbylamine test. Identify (A), (B) and (C).
7. Preparation of DDT
8. Compare SN1 and SN2 reaction mechanisms. 3. A hydrocarbon C3H6 (A) reacts with HBr to form compound (B). Compound (B)
9. Finkelstein reaction Reacts with aqueous potassium hydroxide to give (C) of molecular formula C3H6O.
10. Swarts reaction What are (A), (B) and (C). Explain the reactions.
11. Preparation of Carbon tetra chloride from Carbon-di-sulphide
12. What are Freons? Discuss their uses and environmental effects
13. Swartz reaction (Preparation of Freon-12 from Carbon tetra chloride) ALL THE BEST
14. Complete the following reactions

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