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Important questions for PUC 1 Physics

Chapter 1: PHYSICAL WORLD
Two marks questions
1. Mention any two basic forces in nature.
2. Name any two fundamental forces in nature.

Chapter 2: UNITS AND MEASUREMENTS

One mark questions
1. Write the S. I. unit of momentum.
2. Mention the S. I. unit of luminous intensity.
3. Write the dimensional formula for linear momentum.
4. How many metres make one parsec?
5. Mention the method of determining the mass of planets, stars etc.
Two marks questions
1. Mention two uses of dimensional analysis.
2. Write two applications of dimensional analysis.
3. The resistance R = V/I, where V = (100±5) V and I = (10±0.2) A. Find the percentage error in R.

Chapter 3: MOTION IN A STRAIGHT LINE

Two marks questions
1. Distinguish between distance (path length) and displacement.
2. Define average velocity and instantaneous velocity.
3. A player throws a ball vertically upwards. What is the direction of acceleration during upward
motion? What is the velocity at the highest point of its motion?
Five marks questions
1
1. Derive x = vo t + 2 at 2 by graphical method.
1
2. What is v-t graph? Derive the equation x = vo t + 2 at 2 using v-t graph.
Five marks numerical questions
1. A stone is dropped from the top of a tower of 100 m height. At the same instant another stone is
thrown vertically upward from the base of the tower with the velocity of 25 m/s. When and
where will the two stones meet? Given: g = 10 m/s2.

Chapter 4: MOTION IN A PLANE

One mark questions
1. Is scalar multiplied by a vector, a vector or a scalar?
2. Define null vector.
3. What is unit vector?
4. What is the minimum number of vectors required to give zero resultant?
Two marks questions
1. What is centripetal acceleration? Give the expression for it.
2. Write the equation for the trajectory of a projectile motion. What is the nature of its trajectory?
3. State triangle law of vector addition.
4. Write the expression for range of the projectile? For what angle of projection it is maximum?
5. Define the terms: unit vector and equal vectors.
Three marks questions
1. State and explain law of triangle of vectors. When will be the resultant of two given vectors
maximum?
2. Define centripetal acceleration? Write the expression for it and explain the terms.
3. Derive the expression for centripetal acceleration.
4.
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Five marks questions

1. What is uniform circular motion? Derive an expression for centripetal acceleration.
Five marks numerical questions
1. A ball is thrown with the velocity of a 39.2 m/s at an angle of 30° with the horizontal. Calculate
the maximum height, time of flight and horizontal range of the projectile.
2. The ceiling of a long hall is 25 m high. What is the maximum horizontal distance that a ball
thrown with a speed of 40 m s–1 can go without hitting the ceiling of the hall?
3. A particle starts from origin at t = 0 with a velocity 5î ms-1 and moves in x-y plane under the
action of a force which produces a constant acceleration of (4î + 2ĵ ) ms-2.
(a) What is the y-coordinate of the particle at an instant when its x-coordinate is 84 m?
(b) What is the speed of the particle at this time?
4. A cricket ball is thrown at a speed of 56 m/s in a direction, making an angle 30 ° with the
horizontal. Calculate a) maximum height, b) total time taken by the ball to return to the earth
and c) the distance from thrower to the point where the ball returns to the earth.

Chapter 5: LAWS OF MOTION

Two marks questions
1. Mention any two methods of reducing friction.
2. State the two laws of friction.
Three marks questions
1. State Newton’s second law of motion and hence derive F = ma.
2. State Newton’s first law of motion? Hence define force and inertia.
Five marks questions
1. State and prove the law of conservation of linear momentum in case of collision of two bodies.
2. State and prove the law of conservation of linear momentum from Newton’s third law of motion.
3. Derive an expression for maximum speed of a car moving on banked circular road.
4. Derive the expression for maximum safe speed of a vehicle on a banked road in circular motion.

Chapter 6: WORK, ENERGY AND POWER

One mark questions
1. Mention the expression for work done by a force in vector form.
2. What is potential energy?
3. Define work done by the force.
4. When is the work done by a force zero?
5. What is the value of One kilowatt hour (kWh) in joules?
Three marks questions
1. Prove work- energy theorem for a constant force.
2. What is meant by collision? Distinguish between elastic and inelastic collision.
3. Derive an expression for kinetic energy.
4. Obtain the expression for power, P = ⃗F ∙ v
⃗
Five marks questions
1. State the principle of conversation of mechanical energy. Illustrate it in the case of freely falling
body.
Five marks numerical questions
1. A pump on the ground floor of a building can pump up water to fill a tank of volume 30 m 3 in 15
min. If the tank is 40 m above the ground and the efficiency of the pump is 30 %, how much
electric power is consumed by the pump?
2. A bullet of mass 50 gram moving with a velocity of 400 m/s strikes a wall and goes out from the
other side with a velocity of 100 m/s. Calculate the work done in passing through the wall.
3. A bullet of mass 0.015 kg strikes a metal plate of thickness 10 cm with a velocity of 400 m/s and
emerges from it with a velocity of 260 m/s. Find the average resistance offered by the plate to
the motion of bullet.
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4. A pump on the ground floor of a building can pump up water to fill a tank of volume 40 m3 in 20
minutes if the tank is 30 m above the ground and the efficiency of the pump is 60 %. How much
electric power is consumed by the pump? Given: density of water = 1000 kg/m3 and acceleration
due to gravity = 9.8 m/s2
5. A well 20 m deep and 7 m in diameter is full of water. Calculate the work done in pumping the
whole of water up to ground level.

Chapter 7: SYSTEMS OF PARTICLES AND ROTATIONAL MOTION

One mark questions
1. Write an expression for position vector of centre of mass of system of two particles lying on x –
axis.
2. Write the expression for moment of inertia of a solid sphere of radius R about its diameter.
3. Define radius of gyration.
4. Define torque.
5. Define rigid body.
Two marks questions
1. Give two general conditions of equilibrium of a rigid body.
2. Write the conditions of mechanical equilibrium of a rigid body.
Three marks questions
1. Compare equations of linear and rotational motion.
2. State and explain the perpendicular axis theorem.
Five marks questions
1. Derive the relation between torque and angular momentum of a particle.
𝑑𝑙
2. Define torque and hence derive = 𝜏.
𝑑𝑡
3. State and explain a) Parallel axes theorem and b) perpendicular axes theorem.
4. Define angular momentum and Torque. Derive the relation between them.
Five marks numerical questions
1. A 5 kg wheel is given an acceleration of 10 rad/s 2 by an applied torque of 2 N-m. Calculate its (a)
moment of inertia and (b) radius of gyration.
2. Three pieces of iron of uniform thickness and mass m, m and 2m respectively are placed at the
three corners of the triangle having co-ordinate (2.5, 1.5), (3.5, 1.5) and (3, 3) respectively. Find
the center of mass of the system.
3. A fly wheel of mass 12.5 kg and diameter 0.36 m rotating at 90 rpm has its speed increased to
720 rpm in 8 s. Find the torque applied to flywheel.

Chapter 8: GRAVITATION
One mark questions
1. What is the distance of the geostationary satellite from the center of the earth?
2. What is the weight of a body at the centre of the earth?
3. Mention the value of escape speed of an earth satellite?
Two marks questions
1. Write the equation for escape velocity and explain the terms used in the equation.
2. Write the relation between g and G and explain the terms.
3. Define Gravitational potential energy. Give expression for it.
Three marks questions
1. Derive an expression for orbital speed of the earth's satellite.
2. Arrive at the expression for escape speed of the body from the surface of earth.

Five marks questions

1. State and explain Kepler's laws of planetary motion.
2. Derive the expression for the variation of the acceleration due to gravity with altitude.

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3. Define orbital speed of a satellite. Obtain an expression for the orbital speed of satellite.
Five marks numerical questions
1. The planet Mars takes 1.88 years to complete one revolution around the sun. The mean distance
of the earth from the Sun is 1.5 x 108 km. Calculate that of planet Mars?
2. If the mass of the earth is 100 times that of the moon and its diameter 5 times that of moon,
compare the weight of a body on the surface of the moon with its weight on the surface of the
earth.

Chapter 9: MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF SOLIDS

One mark questions
1. Among rubber and steel which one has more elasticity?
2. State Hooke’s law.
3. Name the SI unit of stress.
Two marks questions
1. Determine the volume contraction of the solid copper cube, 10 cm on its edge, when subjected
to hydraulic pressure of 7.0 x 106 Pa. (Given bulk modulus of copper = 140 x 10 N m-2).
Three marks questions
1. Draw stress-strain curve. Show yield point and fracture point.
2. Mention the three types of moduli of elasticity.
Five marks questions
1. State and explain Hooke’s law. Draw Stress – strain curve with labeling the parts.
Chapter 10: MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF FLUIDS
One mark questions
1. Define angle of contact.
2. What is the principle behind the uplift of an aeroplane?
3. What is streamline flow?
4. State Pascal’s law.
5. Write the equation of continuity for the flow of incompressible fluids.
6. Give an importance of Reynolds number.
Two marks questions
1. Define surface tension. Why there is no surface tension in gases?
Three marks questions
1. State and explain Bernoulli’s theorem.
2. State and explain Bernoulli’s principle.
3. Mention three applications of capillarity.
4. Derive the expression of pressure at a point inside a liquid.
Chapter11: THERMAL PROPERTIES OF MATTER
One mark questions
1. Give an example for Greenhouse gas.
2. Give the principle of calorimetry.
3. Name the principle used in calorimetry.
Two marks questions
1. What is specific heat capacity of a substance? Write the relation between specific heat capacities
of gases.
Three marks questions
1. Write any three properties of heat radiation.
1
2. Derive αv = T for ideal gas.
3. State Stefan’s law and draw the intensity distribution graph of black body radiation.
Five marks questions
1. Write a note on kelvin scale of temperature.

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2. Define a) Specific heat of gas at constant volume b) Specific heat of gas at constant pressure c)
Latent heat of fusion.
3. State and explain the Newton’s law of cooling.
4. Graphically represent the variation of coefficient of volume expansion of copper as a function of
1
temperature. Derive αv = T for an ideal gas.
5. Mention three factors on which heat flow by conduction in a bar depends.
6. Define latent heat of fusion and latent heat of vaporisation. Explain the variation of temperature
with heat (energy) for water at one atmosphere with a graph.
Five marks numerical questions
1. How much it is required to convert 10 gram of ice at -5 °C into steam at 100 °C. Given: specific
heat of ice = 2.1 J g-1 °C-1, latent heat of steam = 2268 J g-1, latent heat of fusion of ice = 336 J/g
and specific heat of water = 4.2 J g-1 °C-1
2. A thermo coal ice box is a cheap and efficient method for storing small quantities of cooked food
in summer in particular. A cubical ice box of side 30 cm has a thickness of 5 cm. If 4.0 kg of ice is
put in the box, estimate the amount of ice remaining after 6 hours. The outside temperature is
45 ℃ and co-efficient of thermal conductivity of thermo coal is 0.01 J s-1 m-1 K-1. [Heat of fusion
of water = 335 x 103 J kg-1]

Chapter 12: THERMODYNAMICS

One mark questions
1. State the first law of thermodynamics.
2. What is the physical significance of Zeroth law of thermodynamics?
3. What is equation of state for adiabatic process?
4. Which quantity remains unchanged in isochoric process?
5. State Zeroth law of thermodynamics.
Two marks questions
1. State and explain first law of thermodynamics.

Three marks questions

1. Draw schematic diagram of the refrigerator. Define its coefficient of performance.
Five marks questions
1. Explain Carnot cycle with P-V diagram.
2. What is a Carnot engine? Explain the Carnot cycle with a diagram.
Five marks numerical questions
1. A steam engine delivers 5.4 x 10 8 J of work per minute and serves 3.6 x 10 9 J of heat per minute
from its boiler. What is the efficiency of the engine? How much heat is wasted per minute?
2. A Carnot engine has an efficiency of 0.3, when the temperature of the sink is 350 K. Find the
change in temperature of the source when the efficiency becomes 0.5.
3. A steam engine delivers 7.5 × 108 J of work per minute and services 3.6 × 10 9 J of heat per minute
from its boiler. What is the efficiency of the engine? How much heat is wasted per minute? Also
find the ratio of temperature of sink to the source.

Chapter 13: KINETIC THEORY

One mark questions
1. What is ideal gas?
2. Name a factor on which internal energy of the gas depends.
3. Mention the number of degrees of freedom for a triatomic gas molecule.
4. Write the equation of state of perfect gas.

Three marks questions

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1. State the law of equipartition of energy. Write an expression for the energy associated with
diatomic molecule.
2. Define degrees of freedom of a molecule. State and explain law of equipartition of energy.
3. Mention three postulates of Kinetic theory of gases.

Chapter 14: OSCILLATIONS

One mark questions
1. What happens to the time period of a simple pendulum when it is taken from equator to the
pole?
Two marks questions
1. On an average the human heart is found to beat 75 times in minute. Calculate its frequency.
2. Where is the velocity of the body maximum and minimum in case of simple harmonic motion?
3. Mention an expression for the period of oscillation of a spring and explain the terms.
4. What is a periodic motion? Give an example.
Five marks questions
1. Derive an expression for period of simple pendulum.
2. Derive the expression for the time period of the simple pendulum.
3. What is SHM? Write its characteristics and give its graphical representation.
Five marks numerical questions
1. A particle executes SHM along the x-axis; its displacement varies with the time according to the
equation: x(t) = 5.4 cos(6πt + π/4), where x(t) is in metre and t is in second. Determine the
amplitude, frequency, period and initial phase of the motion.

Chapter 15: WAVES

One mark questions
1. Mention any one application of beats.
2. Write Newton’s formula for speed of sound in air.
3. Define amplitude of a wave.
Two marks questions
1. What harmonics are present in a) an open pipe b) a closed pipe?
2. What is Doppler effect? Mention one of its applications.
Three marks questions
1. Discus the modes of vibrations in closed path.
2. Give the Newton’s formula for the speed of sound in air and hence explain Laplace’s correction.
3. Explain Laplace’s correction to Newton’s formula for the speed of a sound wave.
4. Give any three differences between progressive wave and a stationary wave.
Five marks questions
1. What are beats? Give the theory of beats.
Five marks numerical questions
1. A train standing at the outer signal of railway station blows a whistle of frequency 400 Hz in still
air. i) What is the frequency of the whistle for a platform observer when the train (a) approaches
the platform with a speed of 10 m/s? b) recedes from the platform with a speed of 10 m/s? ii)
What is the speed of the sound in each case? (The speed of sound in still air can be taken as 340
m/s).
2. The apparent frequency of a note when listener moves towards a stationary source with velocity
40 m/s is 200 Hz. When he moves away from the same source with same speed the apparent
frequency of note is 160 Hz. Calculate velocity of sound in air.
3. A train moving at speed of 72 kmph towards a station is sounding a whistle of frequency 600 Hz.
What are the apparent frequencies of the whistle as heard by a man on the platform when the
train a) approaches him b) recedes from him? (speed of sound in air = 340 m/s).

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