Chapter 25

pata Sufficiency
Toanswer data sufficiency question, we do not actually have to calculate the values. We only have to determine
whether the data given in the statements are sufficient for finding the answer. There are various variations in data
sufficiency problems
"Options may be jumbled. "One or two options may be of new type, while remaining are same.
"There may be three or four statements following a question.

Directions For Solving Data Sufficiency Questions

Option (a), If Statement (1) by itself is sufficient to answer the question, but Statement (2) by itself is not.
Option (b), IfStatement (2) by itself is sufficient to answer the question, but Statemnent (1) by itself is not.
Option (c), If Statements (1) and (2) taken together are sufficient to answer the question, even though neither
statement by itself is sufficient.
Option (d), Both the statements together are not sufficient.
Option (e), If either Statement (1)or (2) is sufficient.

First check Statement (1)

Yes No Either (b) or (c) or (d) or (e) is the

Answer is (a) Is it sufficient?
correct answer

Now,check the Statement (2)

Yes
|Answer is (b) Is it sufficient

No
Check both the statements together

Are both the

Answer is (c) Yes statements together
sufficient?

No
Answer is (d)
 Sol.(c) statements
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in
both Directions
consists
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190
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 EXERCISES
E Chapter Challenges
pirections (QNos. 1-50) Each of the questions below 4. What is the value of m-n+37?
number and n
consistsof aquestion and two statements numbered Iand I I. mis the largest possible sixX-digit
pvenbelowit. You haveto decide whether the data provided is the smallest possible six-digit number.
inthees
statements are sufficient to answer the question. Read II. The difference between m and n is known.
iwih the statements and give the answer. 5. Is 1> 1/x?
I Statement I alone is sufficient, but StatementII alone is II. x>0
not sufficient. I.1>x

A) Statement II alone is sufficient, but Statement I alone js 6. P and Q worked together for 5 days. Then, Q left
not sufficient. the work and the work was finished by P alone in
Ià Both Statements together are sufficient, but neither 8 days. How many days would Q alone take to
Statement alone is sufficient. finish the work if P had left?
(Ä) Statements I andlI together are not sufficient. I. P and Qtogether can dothe work in 10 days.
(e) Either Statement I or II is sufficient. II. Pis more efficient than Q.
1. How many employees of bank X opted for VRS? 7. A, Band Care positive integers. Is their product
L.18% of the 950officer cadre employees and 6% an even number?
of the 1100 of all other cadre employees opted I. A is an even number.
for VRS. II Product of B and C is an odd number.
I. 28% of the employees in the age group of 51 to 8. By selling a product how much profit was earned?
56 and 17% of the employees in all other age I. 20% profit would have been earned if it had
groups opted for VRS. been sold for 90.
2. What is the perimeter of a playground? I.The profit was one-third of the purchase price.
I. It is a perfect square playground. 9. How many hours a day must 4 pumps work to
I It costs 3200 to put afence around the emptya conical tank in 1 day?
playground at the rate of ? 20 per metre. I. 3pumps working 8 ha day can empty another
tank in 2 days.
3. What is the total number of employees in the II. The other tank has twice the floor area and one
company X?There are only two categories of
and a half times the depth of the original tank.
employees, i.e., officer's grade and worse grade.
I. Average income of per employee per month in 10. How much is the average salary of the
the company X is ? 1200. Which average 30assembly workers?
income per employee per month belonging to I.The total salary paid to the 30 assembly
officer's grade is 4600 and that for worse workers and the foreman is 312000.
grade is 1100. II The foreman's salary is 120% of the average
I. When 600 employees belonging for the salary of the 30assembly workers.
category worse grade of company Yand the 11. Abag contains coins of one-rupee, 50 paise and
same number of employees belonging to the 25 paise denominations. The total amount in the
officer's grade of company Y', are added to the bag is 500. To find the total number of 50 paise
strength of the company X; then the new ratio coins, which of the following information is
of worse grade employees to officer's grade sufficient?
become 37:4. L. The number of the coins is in the ratio3:4:5.
 14. Kundu13. 12. 192
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number
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sides two to
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the percentage trains of more of
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5 direction. another train same 36 the 12 min. move time mbag. is
one-fourth
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then city 'X work inwill moving
they
have sec. What 160 is In the
what have in
m in

25. 24. 23. 22. 21. 20. 19.

At What 'B
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first book at A years What r>p I. In cylindrical
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I.
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votersprepared Purchase
topercentageDiscount I. There stock 230. isThe I. he certain 1200000. Inwas? His
2003-08 EachSheena I. Side I.
day. 2008, 2003-08? was ABC, many many
article. be selling
total sell average temperatureheight chocolate 20%
present discount
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were are book findrif
than how number
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AB Guide
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village villagers the be the to 1000 speed was incomecombined
tank
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can
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lastthe election. in allowed rangedouble be be
purchase 92 and on MAH-MBAMMS
election. given books of of made is paise. her. Sheena
X
village marked with thought' his copies2000000. for q= 5 of
m.the can vegetable
has are discount. the stock ?
income
15%
and of and in this the
1000000. 40°.
voters cost of tank be buy
15% X 300-* profit on his years
in of of Bil stored and if
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38. 37. 36. 35. 34. 33.

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the
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What circumstances? from Q I. What I.Zx=58° An
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average 26The C,The circleMiddle inareWhen I.Current thatRatio I. but a Silver
20% weights
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cm. with digit cases
high value flows the circunstances and Vicky
current weight
weightwater.silver be O,
day C, stream is and at
issum at speed Vicky there water, 10% value below,a
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period, zero. units takes from there in of
on the the radius numberof a the is of take all its gold gold Zz=320I . of PAQ
r, digits three-digit speed 6:1. upstream water, lose y? A.
Friday? areas
circumferences hundreds place
and Vicky to the 3 is weight,
Monday lies change h Q in
weights, is
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row ways to to no one-tenth the
respectively. tangent
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still from from and from row current
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Friday, 9. place and loses circle,
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 41. 40. 39. 194
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50. 49. 48. 47. 46. 45.

I. What Is I. What numbers.
I . I. two HCF
I . I what a to aThe II weight.B's persons
isthe Average I.
g>h g-h>
I 1700tourist travel a weightwhoseWhenweightwhose When I. group, the
The The I. areTrainspeedLength I. The The cancellation of
If The Day
tourist table same At
are X is the day weight 5
perimeter
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is
running the product
sum two cancellation feweror4 Prior
more or
46 and agency are distance pm
the 0? 100 ofY trip cancelled
was shows D B weight
X speed of 15-5 30-16 45-31
to a who becomes becomes weight weight is average A, Prep
of numbers is both
dimensions m.passes train the of
had Departure departure the displaced displaced of B,
in m/s.100 fee
cancels uses
of of same train X of two the would been fee CancellationFee trip a
the is is A?A's Cand fourof from the Guide
the the train is cancellation
trip to 65 4 64 4 weight trains
is numbers two 23.cancelled was cancelled? date determine kg. kg kg. kg X.
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D.
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of the fee kg
4 E67 Q
5. day
100% 65% 50% 35°% 10% to
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2 These
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 52. number
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Quantative,
53.
(e) (d) (c) (b) (a) A. Is
b= (e) (d) (c) (b) (a) CBoat B. What
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II. ?
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 (6a1). Previous
(5b1). (4b1). (3b1). Challenges
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(a2L (d) (c) statements
(b) tatements
(a) ploaestion
p
are Directions
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Hence, from Eqs. (i) and (ii) we can determine G. 38. (a) High temperature on Friday = (average high
.Statement II alone is sufficient to answer the temperature Monday through Friday x5)
question.
- (average high temperature Monday through
Thursday x4)
Supposethee distance between Pand Qis D,, the
(a) :. Statement I alone is sufficient to solve the question.
Steance between Qto Ris D, the speed of Vicky in
stillwateris r km/h and the stream flows at the rate of 39. (b) I It is not sufficient.
ykm/h. II. Assume all teachers as a single person and all
Hence, we. have the following information in the students as a single another person. If a person
question. can do a work in 5 h and another person can do
Di,D2 =3 ...(i) the same work in 3 h and both of them together
5x3
X+y can do the same work =
5+3
=1h
X-y
..i) Hence, Statement II alone is sufficient to answer
From Eqs. (i) and (ii),
the question.
D, 40. (a) I.N=64 (:Only 64 is both the square of an integer
x-y
D=2
x+y
and the cube of an integer)
.. Statement Ialone is sufficient to answer the
4D,y =r-y ...(ii) question.
and we have to find out I. N =64 or 16
D,+ D2 =? .. Statement II alone is not sufficient to answer
the question.
x 6 41. (b)4-1
y 1 b+1 b
x=6y ..iv) b-5 b-4
I. a=b-4 ’
Putting this value of x in Eq. (ii), we get the value b+1 b
of D, in terms of y. Putting the value of D, in The value of above equation depends upon b.
Eq. (i) we get the value of D, in terms of y. Hence, So, it may or may not be true for different
we can get D+D, values of b.
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.Statement Ialone is sufficient to answer the -b-1 -b
question. b+1 b
II. Statement II alone is not sufficient to answer the -1=-1
question. Hence, Statement II is sufficient.
36. (c) Suppose number is 100x +10y +z. After interchanging
digits at units' place and at hundreds' place, number
42. (c) Given,
x=xPRxQR ...1)
=100z +10y+ x Also, here PO' =QR?+RP? ...ü)
Now, Surface area of QPTS = PQxPT
I 100z +10y+ x-100x-10y -z=693 PR× PT =z
99z-99x=693
Z-X=
693
=7
QRxRU =y
PR 2x
RU [from Eq. ()]
Z=7+x, where x#0
I. If x=1, then z= 8 and it is given that PR (PRx PT) 7
X+y+z=9 RU
[using Statement I]
y=0
PR' 2r2
,y, z have deternmined. Therefore, both [: RU = PT]
statement are sufficient to answer the question.
1. (o) L. 2r ( -r) =4 Similarly, we can determine QR also.
Now, since fromI PRxPT =z, therefore PT can also
be calculated.
11
Hence, r, can be determined using both Hence, both statements together are sufficient to
statements together. answer the question.
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Therefore,
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and alsoDistance R P (b)
RequiredPQ=(260709givIentis
I. Q
and startedstarted
started
and train
assumed after P I. I.
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360-60t of of of .:. xX+1 Wex<1
3 Statement 1
both A+ travelled
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h train train train at at at question.
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P'Q'=(120+ 8 11amn 8 x(x+1) ’x
statements (ii) G=57+ B+C+D+E=65 t=
that R Q P am am Q'
X+1
X
4=61 325 260-70t = = at = = = 1
A +C+ F=57 A +B+C+D=67 =11 80 160 =470-12040t from from is determine, may
and B+C + -
470-(120+ PR PAR' t
hour at by by 30 60 40 from 470km II positive
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65 h=1pm was
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40x3=120
sufficient whether
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or
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325 268 = 120-20t train R
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the question. ago,henceStatement 4 Son's
of of Statements yr I , Amit's present s=(Amit's present presentage + combining
Riyan share shares yr, 1 Statements age hence present present answer=(Amie'present earned
invested the =(Amit' s
Amount amount
invested of age the (Amit's =(Son's solve
of = I, 6x-4 present A 4+p 6x
- ShareRiyan 50000 of Amit age the present age=2xAmie's age= th e age alone
alone lossor is it
Share Ashok x=6 I of age present age+present + +present present present+ the
by and ofage question further,
of 12:30000 x of ofAshok by and I =5x = Amit's
Amit=(6x + age Amit's already (Daughter's 2 (Daughter's is Statements
be
of Ashok Ashok Riya II(11x of Daughter's
age Daughter's yr) Daughter's
presentage sufficientis
Riya 7x. and Riya 4+
II together, =(11x - Amie's =(Son's -(2 =Wife' =2s age-1 age age not bearedon
together -10) present from given in age age- sufficient as
=
Riya?30000 =?50000 = = 6 son xSon' s + - we10 500
= = -4-3) x son 2 -1 3
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6= 50000 =5x Statement present present yr) present
3 yr) B
780 10x to don't
sufficient 310)yr present present present
present age question,so
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10:3 = yr present
(11x
+(5x-4-3) present to know
4xp C,
x × -7
6 12 age age age answer
-7) = age age yr age the pen.
the
6x age age III. + - +
to yr yr, +age +
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answer 6yr) +7 yr7 we yr ) yr) the
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4 yr) 4
yr

60. 59. 58.

Quantity
Hence,Initial According Quantity ByLet 3x(a) to
Either Statement
FromI , profitC's.Statement
:. From I, (b) . (d) Hence, by Now, Statement
Ratio
using the Lanswer Let A's A's C's Statement
Ratio Statement
Statement using
quantity and thStatement
e profit we of
both 3x+12 quantity profit profit all Eq.
+6
2r
5 of Statements
of 2x the
initial
of
the can shares I
tomilk water L, = share profit II and Prep
the the question. share share 5X+5000 15000 share=
is II’ I’threecalculate (i).
of
statements Statement8added respectively.
of
quantity
100005X
2000X=
= of I,
mixture alone
I sufficient Profit Not
=sharing Ashok,
’ added mixture 15000
=
24000z
X=1600 150005X+5000
= =2X:3X:5000
=2000
=Xx12:1.5Xx12:5000x6 12 statements Guide
and I 2000+5000
4000 5x 2X 2000 4000 2X 5000
3X+
2X+
15x 15 sufficient
together 3x+ = 60= 18-6=12
+
6y
=
in added
I, of x6000=R
Statement 1600
or 20002x +
3X+ 2X 6000-x
2X +
3X+ 2X 5000
X:18X:
among %
to
share10:7:3
Riyan
II
question,and
mixture milk
5000 x6000 5000 answer 800 200 MAH-MBA/MMS
of
30000 are
16x+48
2r y=18 ’L in and A, x100 25 to Riyan and
x x6000 B the answer
required
=5x12
are L in jar water II 6000 x 6000
[:X=
2000]
x6000
2000 =
and in ya
Ri
sufficient. jar A alone
question. the
’ be C the in
=
60 x= =xy A 3 y. jarin is to
questionanswer. profit
the
L 12 A
sufficient lgiven] profit
be ie,.
7y CET
 1
63. 62.
nuantitative 1,
So, 11
IIf MP Let(b) So,
MP=1.2Then,
I. . From I , Let (c) So,
Statement On(a)
Statenment SP both Profit From only solving We
CP
= the Profit
on =x, have,
statements Statement
StatementI
50, 100 90100 wholesale each the x-
alone
I we
x1.2x
90
=7100 then
above
X=2.5
and
1.5
Aptitude
can
X= profit=710
x1.2x,
then book 4x
0.08
=10 x 0.25x
20= 20 SP=1.25x I,
is not 0.08 10 -X=10 price are =1.25x on is
equation, +
sufficient required. 0.25 =
every sufficient. 3.75
20
find =7125 be? =
20
= Data
80 -x 5 0
CP. x. books. we
give
to
get Sufficiency
the
arnswer.

66. 65. 64.

From There From I, Each..Option
UsingStatement (e) No (e)breadth. By Total
daysstatements. . From From I, (c)
:Option From From combining Area Let
dimension information B area I,
both are Statements area the
VolumeStatement required Statement Therefore, path After original
of
(e)cases, two (e) including
is of
is cases required both reducing
=( the
requiredsurface 7xbxh=154 I of of regarding to l+2-2=bl=b ’
Length=7m cuboid the I, finish we I, itthe 4) garden=1
+ length
bxh=22 and can the
possible cuboid statements, x(b patlength
I, answer. cannot
the be h be
answer. area =lxbxh=154 B + l+
is
work. solved 4)
is when is givendetermine =(l+)
-(b) by 2and
different. less
b=2and b=1
h=11 bywe 2m,
than in =1/4(b)
using get x{b+ length breadth
Statement
and m23. the the
bothlength 4)wil be
h= number b.
22 I the be 205
also. and .
of