Chapter 1 Questions

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Chapter 1 Questions Early Humans and the First Civilizations

As you are reading the chapter, answer in complete sentences the following:
(Most answers will require more than one sentence☺ Handwritten Only! On notebook paper with name and
block)

Part I Questions (Pages 4-15)


1. Describe each of the following early humans: Australopithecines, Homo Erectus, Homo
Sapiens, and Neanderthals.
2. When was the Paleolithic Age? Describe how humans lived during this time.
3. Describe the changes that took place in the Neolithic Age?
4. Define what the textbook calls “civilization” and its 7 characteristics.
5. Describe the location and geology of Mesopotamia.
6. The Sumerians established several independent cities in southern Mesopotamia.
Describe what their cities were like.
7. What is a Ziggurat?
8. Explain Sumerian kingship and how their economy functioned.
9. As the Sumerian city-states grew why was there so much conflict?
10. Describe the Akkadian Empire.
11. Describe the Hammurabi Empire.
12. What was the importance of the Hammurabi Code.
13. Explain the importance of Mesopotamian Religion.
14. Define polytheism?
15. What was cuneiform and what did they use it primarily for?
16. What was The Epic of Gilgamesh?
17. What were some of the Mesopotamian achievements in math and astronomy?

Part II Questions (Pages 16-29)

1. Explain the importance of the Nile River for the Egyptians.


2. What contributed to the continuity (did not change much) of Egypt over thousands of
years?
3. Describe important aspects of the Egyptian Old Kingdom.
4. Describe important aspects of the Egyptian Middle Kingdom.
5. How was the Middle Kingdoms socially structured? In other words, what did the
different classes of people do in this economic system?
6. Explain the religion of the Egyptian society.
7. Explain why the Egyptians built pyramids and then describe the Great Pyramid.
8. Describe what type of writing emerged in Egypt.
9. Describe changes made in the Egyptian New Kingdom.
10. Describe family life in ancient Egypt (marriage and gender roles).
11. What was Egyptian entertainment like?
12. Describe some of the megalithic structures found in Neolithic Europe.
13. Describe the main aspects of the Hittite Empire.
14. The Bible does mention the Hittites. Give two examples from the Bible where it
references the Hittites.
15. Why did the Hittites power come to an end?

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