Internal Energy 3 QP

Q1. The diagram below shows a house which has not been insulated.
The cost of the

energy lost from different parts of the house during one year is shown on the diagram.
(a) The total cost of the energy lost during one year is £1000.
(i) What is the cost of the energy lost through the floor?
...................................................................................................................
(2)
(ii) Suggest one way of reducing this loss.
...................................................................................................................
(1)
(b) The table below shows how some parts of the house may be insulated to reduce
energy losses. The cost of each method of insulation is also given.
WHERE LOST COST OF ENERGY METOD OF COST OF

LOST PER YEAR (£) INSULATION INSULATION (£)
Page 2
PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com
roof 250 fibre-glass in loft 300
walls 350 foam filled cavity 800
windows 100 double glazing 4500
doors 150 draught proofing 5
(i) Which method of insulation would you install first? Explain why.
...................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................
(3)
(ii) Which method of insulation would you install last? Explain why.
...................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................
(3)
(Total 9 marks)
Page 3
Q2. The diagram shows a fridge-freezer.
(a) By which method is heat transferred through the walls of the fridge-freezer?
.............................................................................................................................
(1)
(b) The inside of the fridge is at 4 °C. The inside of the freezer is at –18 °C.
Into which part of the fridge-freezer will the rate of heat transfer be greater?
Draw a ring around your answer.
the fridge the freezer
Give a reason for your answer.
.............................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................
(1)
(c) The outside surface of the fridge-freezer is white and shiny.
Give two reasons why this type of surface is suitable for a fridge-freezer.
Page 4
1 ................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................
2 ................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................
(2)
(Total 4 marks)
Page 5
Q3. The diagram below shows an electric kettle and the label on the bottom of the kettle.
The water at the bottom of the kettle will heat up first.

This is because the heating element is near the bottom of the kettle.
Convection currents will then cause the rest of the water in the kettle to be heated.
(i) What are convection currents?
.............................................................................................................................
(1)
(ii) Explain how convection currents are produced.

(Your answer should refer to density and temperature.)
.............................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................
(4)
(Total 5 marks)
Page 6
Q4. The drawing shows water being heated in a metal saucepan.
(a) Explain, in terms of the particles in the metal, how heat energy is transferred
through the base of the saucepan.
.............................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................
(2)
(b) Energy is transferred through the water by convection currents. Explain what
happens to cause a convection current in the water. The answer has been started
for you.
As heat energy is transferred through the saucepan, the water particles at the
bottom
.............................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................
Page 7
(3)
(c) Some energy is transferred from the hotplate to the air by thermal radiation. What is
meant by thermal radiation?
.............................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................
(1)
(Total 6 marks)
Page 8
Q5.According to kinetic theory, all matter is made up of small particles. The particles are
constantly moving.
Diagram 1 shows how the particles may be arranged in a solid.
Diagram 1
(a) One kilogram of a gas has a much larger volume than one kilogram of a solid.
Use kinetic theory to explain why.
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
(4)
(b) Diagram 2 shows the particles in a liquid. The liquid is evaporating.
Diagram 2
(i) How can you tell from Diagram 2 that the liquid is evaporating?
Page 9
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
(1)
(ii) The temperature of the liquid in the container decreases as the liquid
evaporates.
Use kinetic theory to explain why.
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
(3)
(Total 8 marks)
Page 10
Q6.The diagram shows how the metal chimney from a log-burning stove passes through the
inside of a house.
(a) Explain how heat is transferred by the process of convection from the inside of the
stove to the top of the chimney.
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
(2)
(b) Although the outside of the chimney becomes very hot, there is no insulating
material around the chimney.
(i) Explain, in terms of the particles in a metal, how heat is transferred by

conduction from the inside to the outside of the metal chimney.
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
Page 11
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
(2)
(ii) Suggest one advantage of having no insulation around the chimney.
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
(1)
(Total 5 marks)
Page 12
Q7.(a) The figure below shows a fridge with a freezer compartment.
The temperature of the air inside the freezer compartment is –5 °C.
The air inside the fridge forms a convection current when the fridge door is closed.
Explain why.
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
(4)
(b) The table below shows information about four fridges.
Energy used in
Fridge Volume in litres
one year in kWh
A 250 300
B 375 480
C 500 630
D 750 750
Page 13
A householder concludes that the energy used in one year is directly proportional to
the volume of the fridge.
Explain why her conclusion is not correct.
Use data from the table in your answer.
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
(2)
(c) New fridges are more efficient than fridges made twenty years ago.
Give one advantage and one disadvantage of replacing an old fridge with a new
fridge.
Ignore the cost of buying a new fridge.
Advantage ......................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
Disadvantage .................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
(2)
(Total 8 marks)
Page 14
Q8.A student used the apparatus in Figure 1 to obtain the data needed to calculate the specific
heat capacity of copper.
Figure 1
The initial temperature of the copper block was measured.
The power supply was switched on.
The energy transferred by the heater to the block was measured using the joulemeter.
The temperature of the block was recorded every minute.
The temperature increase was calculated.
Figure 2 shows the student’s results.
Figure 2
Energy transferred to copper block in joules
(a) Energy is transferred through the copper block.
What is the name of the process by which the energy is transferred?
Page 15
Tick ( ) one box.
Conduction
Convection
Radiation
(1)
(b) Use Figure 2 to determine how much energy was needed to increase the
temperature of the copper block by 35 °C.
.................................. joules
(1)
(c) The copper block has a mass of 2 kg.
Use your answer to part (b) to calculate the value given by this experiment for the
specific heat capacity of copper. Give the unit.
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
Specific heat capacity = ............................................................

(3)
(d) This experiment does not give the correct value for the specific heat of copper.
Suggest one reason why.
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
(1)
(Total 6 marks)
Page 16
Q9.An electric immersion heater is used to heat the water in a domestic hot water tank.
When the immersion heater is switched on the water at the bottom of the tank gets hot.
(a) Complete the following sentence.
The main way the energy is transferred through the copper wall of the water tank is
by
the process of ................................................................................ .

(1)
(b) The immersion heater has a thermostat to control the water temperature.
When the temperature of the water inside the tank reaches 58°C the thermostat
switches the heater off. The thermostat switches the heater back on when the
temperature of the water falls to 50°C.
Graph A shows how the temperature of the water inside a hot water tank changes
with time. The tank is not insulated.
Time in hours
Page 17
(i) The temperature of the water falls at the fastest rate just after the heater
switches off.
Explain why.
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
(2)
(ii) To heat the water in the tank from 50°C to 58°C the immersion heater
transfers 4032 kJ of energy to the water.
Calculate the mass of water in the tank.
Specific heat capacity of water = 4200 J/kg°C
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
Mass = .............................................................. kg
(3)
(iii) An insulating jacket is fitted to the hot water tank.
Graph B shows how the temperature of the water inside the insulated hot
water tank changes with time.
Page 18
Time in hours
An insulating jacket only costs £12.
By comparing Graph A with Graph B, explain why fitting an insulating jacket

to a hot water tank saves money.
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
(3)
(Total 9 marks)
Page 19

Internal Energy 3 QP

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Internal Energy 3 QP

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Internal Energy 3 QP

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Q1. The diagram below shows a house which has not been insulated.

The cost of the

(ii) Suggest one way of reducing this loss.

WHERE LOST COST OF ENERGY METOD OF COST OF

walls 350 foam filled cavity 800

windows 100 double glazing 4500

doors 150 draught proofing 5

Draw a ring around your answer.

the fridge the freezer

Give a reason for your answer.

(c) The outside surface of the fridge-freezer is white and shiny.

The water at the bottom of the kettle will heat up first.

(i) What are convection currents?

(ii) Explain how convection currents are produced.

Diagram 1 shows how the particles may be arranged in a solid.

Use kinetic theory to explain why.

(b) Diagram 2 shows the particles in a liquid. The liquid is evaporating.

Use kinetic theory to explain why.

(i) Explain, in terms of the particles in a metal, how heat is transferred by

(ii) Suggest one advantage of having no insulation around the chimney.

The temperature of the air inside the freezer compartment is –5 °C.

(b) The table below shows information about four fridges.

Explain why her conclusion is not correct.

Use data from the table in your answer.

Ignore the cost of buying a new fridge.

The initial temperature of the copper block was measured.

The power supply was switched on.

The temperature of the block was recorded every minute.

The temperature increase was calculated.

Figure 2 shows the student’s results.

Energy transferred to copper block in joules

(a) Energy is transferred through the copper block.

What is the name of the process by which the energy is transferred?

(c) The copper block has a mass of 2 kg.

Specific heat capacity = ............................................................

Suggest one reason why.

(a) Complete the following sentence.

the process of ................................................................................ .

Calculate the mass of water in the tank.

Specific heat capacity of water = 4200 J/kg°C

(iii) An insulating jacket is fitted to the hot water tank.

An insulating jacket only costs £12.

By comparing Graph A with Graph B, explain why fitting an insulating jacket

You might also like