NAME

MATHS MASTER

CANDIDATE NUMBER

2024 Trial HSC Examination

Form VI Mathematics Extension 2

Tuesday 13th August 2024
8:40am

General
Instructions • Reading time — 10 minutes
• Working time — 3 hours
• Attempt all questions.
• Write using black pen.
• Calculators approved by NESA may be used.
• A loose reference sheet is provided separate to this paper.

Total Marks: 100

Section I (10 marks) Questions 1 – 10
• This section is multiple-choice. Each question is worth 1 mark.
• Record your answers on the provided answer sheet.

Section II (90 marks) Questions 11 – 16

• Relevant mathematical reasoning and calculations are required.
• Start each question in a new booklet.

Collection
• Your name and master should only be written on this page.
• Write your candidate number on this page, on each booklet and on
the multiple choice sheet.
• If you use multiple booklets for a question, place them inside the
first booklet for the question.
• Arrange your solutions in order.

Checklist
• Reference sheet
• Multiple-choice answer sheet
• 6 booklets per boy
• Candidature: 77 pupils
Writer: PC
Form VI Mathematics Extension 2 Trial HSC Examination August 2024

Section I
Questions in this section are multiple-choice.
Record the single best answer for each question on the provided answer sheet.

1. In the Argand diagram, the complex number z lies in the second quadrant. In which
quadrant does the complex number i z lie?
(A) first
(B) second
(C) third
(D) fourth

2. Given u = i + 2j , v = j + 3k , what is the projection of u onto v ?

e e e e e e e e
1
(A) (i + 2j )
5e e
1
(B) (j + 3k )
5 e e
7
(C) (i + 2j )
10 e e
7
(D) (j + 3k )
10 e e

3. A particle is moving in Simple Harmonic Motion with amplitude 3 metres. Its speed
is 4 metres per second when the particle is 1 metre from the centre of motion. What
is the period of the motion?
π
(A)
2
π
(B) √
2
√
(C) 2π
(D) 2π

8 A B C
4. Consider the identity: 2
≡ + + .
(x + 1)(x − 1) x + 1 x − 1 (x − 1)2
Which of the following are the correct values of A, B and C?
(A) A = 2, B = −2, C = 4
(B) A = 2, B = −2, C = −4
(C) A = −2, B = 2, C = 4
(D) A = −2, B = 2, C = −4

–2–
Form VI Mathematics Extension 2 Trial HSC Examination August 2024

−→ √ −→
5. Let OP = 12 ( 2 i − j + k ) , and α, β and γ be the angles that OP makes with the
e e e
positive x, y and z-axes respectively. What is the value of α + β + γ ?
(A) 45◦
(B) 165◦
(C) 180◦
(D) 225◦

6.
N

30º

Two masses are attached to a light inextensible string which is looped over a smooth
pulley as shown in the diagram. The larger mass is on a smooth incline of 30◦ to the
horizontal, and the smaller mass (M kg) hangs freely. The masses are stationary and
at equilibrium, and the magnitude of the acceleration due to gravity is g m/s2 . What
is the magnitude, in Newtons, of the normal reaction force N, on the larger mass?
√
3
(A) N = 2 Mg

(B) N = Mg
√
(C) N = 3Mg
(D) N = 2Mg

7. Given that |z| = 2, what is the greatest possible value of Arg (z + 4i)?
π
(A)
6
π
(B)
3
2π
(C)
3
5π
(D)
6

–3–
Form VI Mathematics Extension 2 Trial HSC Examination August 2024

8. A single die is rolled and the uppermost face noted. Let p represent the statement “the
uppermost face is divisible by 3” and let q represent the statement “the uppermost
face is divisible by 6”. Considering the implication p ⇒ q, which of the following is
correct?
(A) The negation is true and the converse is true.
(B) The negation is true and the converse is false.
(C) The negation is false and the converse is true.
(D) The negation is false and the converse is false.

9. If w is the complex root of z 5 = 1 with smallest positive argument, which of the

following is false?
(A) Re(w + w3 ) < 0
(B) Im(w + w3 ) > 0
(C) Re(w + w4 ) > 0
(D) Im(w + w4 ) < 0

10. Given that x and y are real numbers, which of the following is a true statement?
(A) ∀ y , ∃ x such that x2 − y 2 = x
(B) ∀ y , ∃ x such that x2 − y 2 = y
(C) ∀ y , ∃ x such that x2 + y 2 = x
(D) ∀ y , ∃ x such that x2 + y 2 = y

End of Section I

The paper continues in the next section

–4–
 Form VI Mathematics Extension 2 Trial HSC Examination August 2024

Section II
This section consists of long-answer questions.
Marks may be awarded for reasoning and calculations.
Marks may be lost for poor setting out or poor logic.
Start each question in a new booklet.

QUESTION ELEVEN (15 marks) Start a new answer booklet. Marks

(a) Consider two complex numbers z = a + 2i and w = 1 − ai, where a is real.

(i) Find zw in the form x + iy. 1
(ii) Find z − aw in modulus-argument form. 1
(iii) Show that (w)2 + 2w is real. 1

(b) Find the indefinite integrals:

Z
ex
(i) dx 1
1 + e2x
Z
(ii) sin4 x sin 2x dx 1

(c) Sketch the region in the complex plane where the inequalities Re(z) < 1, 3
π π
Re(z) < Im(z), and − < Arg (z + 1) < all hold simultaneously.
2 4

(d) A particle moving along the x-axis has acceleration a, velocity v and displacement x
at time t. Initially, x = 0 and v = 2.
(i) If v = x2 + 1, find a when x = 3. 2
(ii) If a = x2 + 1, find v when x = 3. 3

(e) Consider the complex numbers u, v and z, such that u = 2i, |v| = 3 and z = uv. Find 2
the exact value of |z − v|.

The paper continues on the next page

–5–
 Form VI Mathematics Extension 2 Trial HSC Examination August 2024

QUESTION TWELVE (15 marks) Start a new answer booklet. Marks

(a)
Im
B

A
O Re

Let O, A and B be points in the complex plane representing the numbers 0, 6 + 2i 2

and z. If 4OAB is equilateral, with vertices in anti-clockwise order, determine the
exact value of z in the form x + iy.
Z π
x 2 dx
(b) (i) Use the substitution t = tan to show that = ln 2 . 2
2 0 1 + cos x + sin x
π
(ii) Hence use the substitution x = − u, to find the exact value of 3
2
Z π
2 xdx
.
0 1 + cos x + sin x
√
(c) Given z 4 − 2z 3 + 9z 2 − 6z + 18 = 0 has 1 + i 5 as a root, find all the roots. 3
  
7 2
(d) Consider the line l with equation r =  4  +λ  7  and the sphere S with equation 3
e 13 10
 
3
r −  −1  = 3. Show that l touches S and find the point of contact Q.
e 2

(e) Prove, using contraposition, that ∀ x, y ∈ Z, if x2 (y + 3) is even, then x is even or y 2

is odd.

The paper continues on the next page

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 Form VI Mathematics Extension 2 Trial HSC Examination August 2024

QUESTION THIRTEEN (15 marks) Start a new answer booklet. Marks

Z
(a) Use integration by parts twice to find x3 (log x)2 dx. 4

niπ
(b) Show that (cos θ + i sin θ)n (sin θ + i cos θ)n = e 2 . 2

2 1 x−1
(c) (i) Show that ≡ − . 1
(x + 1)(x2 + 1) x + 1 x2 + 1
Z 1
2xn
(ii) Let In = dx.
0 (x + 1)(x2 + 1)
1 π
(α) Show that I0 = log 2 + . 2
2 4
(β) By considering I0 + I2 , or otherwise, find the exact value of I2 . 2

(d) (i) Give an example of positive integers m, n and p, where p is prime, such that 1
(2m + 3)2 = n2 + p.
(ii) Use proof by contradiction to show that if p is prime and n is a positive integer, 3
then no positive integer m exists such that (5m + 3)2 = n2 + p.

The paper continues on the next page

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 Form VI Mathematics Extension 2 Trial HSC Examination August 2024

QUESTION FOURTEEN (15 marks) Start a new answer booklet. Marks

   
1 −2
(a) Consider a typical point R(1 − 2λ, 2 + 2λ, 3 − λ) on the line l: r =  2  + λ  2 ,
e 3 −1
and a typical point Z(0, 0, µ) on the z-axis, where λ and µ are non-zero parameters.
−→
(i) Show that RZ is perpendicular to the z-axis when µ + λ = 3. 1
−→
(ii) Find the values of µ and λ such that RZ is perpendicular to both l and the z-axis. 2
(iii) Hence find the shortest distance between l and the z-axis. 2

(b) (i) Show that a3 − b3 = (a − b)(a2 + ab + b2 ). 1

(ii) Hence, or otherwise, show that for positive integers a and b, 3
7 7 2 2 5 5 4 4
(a + b )(a + b ) ≥ (a + b )(a + b ).

(c)
z
C

R
Q

O y
B

A P

In the diagram, A, B and C lie on the positive x, y and z-axes respectively, and let
−→ −−→ −→ −→ −→ − −→ −
−→ −→ −→
OA = 4a, OB = 4b, OC = 4c, AP = 14 AB, BQ = 14 BC and CR = 14 CA.
e e e
−→
(i) Show that P Q = −3a + 2b + c. 2
e e e
−→
(ii) It can also be shown that QR = −3b + 2c + a (do not prove this). 2
−→ −→ e e e
Show that P Q · QR = −3|a|2 − 6|b|2 + 2|c|2 .
e e e
(iii) Given |a| = 2 and |b| = 1, show that if 4P QR is right angled at Q, then it is also 2
e
isosceles. e

The paper continues on the next page

–8–
 Form VI Mathematics Extension 2 Trial HSC Examination August 2024

QUESTION FIFTEEN (15 marks) Start a new answer booklet. Marks

(a) A projectile√of unit mass is launched vertically upwards from the origin with an initial
velocity of 3 g m/s, where g m/s2 is the acceleration due to gravity. The projectile
v2
experiences a resistive force of magnitude Newtons, where v m/s is the velocity of
g
the particle after t seconds. The acceleration of the projectile is given by
v2
ẍ = −g − .
g


(i) Show that v = g tan π
3 −t . 2
(ii) Find an expression for the displacement x metres in terms of g and t. 2
(iii) Show that the maximum height achieved by the particle is g ln 2 metres. 1
(iv) Derive an expression for x in terms of v 2 and show that this equation confirms 2
the maximum height found in part (iii).

(b) Consider the sequence of numbers: 1, −1, −5, −7, 1, 23, . . .

These numbers can be generated using the recurrence relation
Tn+2 = 2 Tn+1 − 3 Tn , for n ≥ 1 with T1 = 1 and T2 = −1.
(i) Use the recurrence relation to find T7 . 1
√
n √
n
1+i 2 + 1−i 2
(ii) Show that the formula Tn = generates T1 and T2 . 2
2
(iii) Use Mathematical Induction to prove the formula for Tn in part (ii) works for all 3
positive integers n.
(iv) Show that the formula for Tn in part (ii) is equivalent to 2
√ n  √ 
Tn = 3 cos n tan−1 2 .

The paper continues on the next page

–9–
Form VI Mathematics Extension 2 Trial HSC Examination August 2024

QUESTION SIXTEEN (15 marks) Start a new answer booklet. Marks

(a) (i) Using a suitable trigonometric substitution, or otherwise, show that 3

Z 1p
π
x − x2 dx = .
0 8
Z 1
1 √
(ii) Given the integral In = xn+ 2 1 − x dx, for integers n ≥ 0, show that 2
0
2n + 1
In = In−1.
2n + 4
(iii) Show that for integers n ≥ 0: 3
Z 1 p
(2n + 1)! π
xn x − x2 dx = 2n+2 .
0 2 (n + 2)! n!

sin 2kθ
(b) (i) Using de Moivre’s Theorem, or otherwise, show that , 3
sin θ cos θ
where k is a positive integer, can always be expressed as a polynomial in sin2 θ.
sin 8θ
(ii) Obtain the polynomial in sin2 θ corresponding to , and hence solve the 4
sin θ cos θ
equation: z 6 − 6z 4 + 10z 2 − 4 = 0.

END OF PAPER

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