January Regional Geometry Individual Solutions

1. The sum of the angles of a triangle is 180◦ . 180◦ − 40◦ − 80◦ = 60◦ . B

2. The obtuse angle is supplementary to 70◦ . 180◦ − 70◦ = 110◦ . A

3. This is a theorem. A

4. Let AB = 3x, BC = 5x. Then AC = 3x + 5x = 8x, so AB : AC = 3x : 8x = 3 : 8. A

5. The contrapositive of the given statement is “If it’s not here, then it’s not hot.” This is
equivalent to B .

6. All are congruency theorems. E

7. The other angle is 180◦ − 35◦ − 110◦ = 35◦ . Two angles are equal, so the triangle is isosceles.
110◦ is greater than 90◦ , so the triangle is obtuse. B

8. ∠B + ∠C = 180◦ − 120◦ = 60◦ . ∠B and ∠C are both positive, so ∠B > 0◦ . Also, ∠B < 60◦ ,
or else ∠C would be 0◦ or negative. A

9. Since ∠DBA + ∠DBC = 180◦ , choice (A) would tell you 2∠DBA = 180◦ ⇒ ∠DBA = 90◦ .
Choice (B) implies (A), and choice (C) implies (B) by SSS congruency. Choice (D) does not
give you enough information to conclude ∠DBA = 90◦ (the two facts are redundant and both
tell you that 4DAC is isosceles, but B could be any point on AC). D

10. Scale down the triangle by a factor of 2009

√ so the legs have lengths 3 and 4. By the
Pythagorean Theorem, the hypotenuse is 32 + 42 = 5. Scaling back up, AC = 5 · 2009.
B

11. The triangle formed by two adjacent sides of the square and a diagonal is a 45◦ -45◦ -90◦
2
triangle with hypotenuse d. The side of the square is √d2 , so the area is ( √d2 )2 = d2 . B

12. Let the two smaller side lengths be a and b. By the triangle inequality, a + b > 50. But a
and b are even integers, so a + b must also be an even integer. So the smallest possible value
of a + b is 52, and the smallest possible perimeter is 52 + 50 = 102. This can be achieved by
a triangle with side lengths 26, 26, 50. D

13. Draw an altitude to form a 30◦ -60◦ -90◦ triangle

√ with hypotenuse 6, and the altitude opposite
the 60◦ angle. The altitude has length 3 3. C

14. All are sufficient except choice (C). Any isosceles trapezoid would satisfy (C). C
AB AC 4 6
15. By AA similarity, 4ABC ∼ 4ACD. So AC = AD ⇒ 6 = AD ⇒ AD = 9. D

16. Each of the sides of the original 20-gon is counted once, and the drawn diagonal is counted
twice (it’s a side of both the m- and n-gons). 20 + 2 = 22. C

17. ∠ABE = 180◦ −110◦ −30◦ = 40◦ , so ∠ABC = ∠ABE+∠DBC = 40◦ +60◦ = 100◦ . AB || CD,
so ∠ABC and ∠BCD are supplementary, so ∠BCD = 180◦ − ∠ABC = 180◦ − 100◦ = 80◦ .
B

18. The second picture is a pentagon, whose sum of interior angles is (5 − 2)180◦ = 540◦ . The
three unmarked angles are right and have sum 3 · 90◦ = 270◦ , so the sum of the marked angles
is 540◦ − 270◦ = 270◦ . D

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January Regional Geometry Individual Solutions

19. One side of a square can intersect another square in at most 2 places, so the four sides of a
square can intersect another square in at most 8 places. An example is shown below. D

20. By SSS congruency, 4AP D ∼ = 4BP C. Thus, ∠AP D = ∠BP C. ∠AP D + ∠BP C =
360◦ − ∠AP B − ∠CP D = 360◦ − 20◦ − 80◦ = 260◦ , and since ∠AP D = ∠BP C, ∠AP D =
1 ◦ ◦ 1 ◦ ◦ ◦
2 · 260 = 130 . 4AP D is isosceles, so ∠P AD = 2 (180 − 130 ) = 25 . 4AP B is isosceles,
so ∠P AB = 21 (180◦ − 20◦ ) = 80◦ . So ∠BAD = ∠P AB + ∠P AD = 80◦ + 25◦ = 105◦ . C

A B

D C

21. There are six, as shown below. B

22. The quadrilaterals cover the area of triangle ABC twice. 2 · 12 = 24. C
◦ ◦
23. The exterior angle is 360 360 ◦
n , so n > 10 ⇒ n < 36. There are 35 positive integers below
36, but we have to exclude 1 and 2 because n ≥ 3 and a polygon can’t have 1 or 2 sides.
35 − 2 = 33. C
1 3 4
24. Applying Ceva’s Theorem, ZB · 2 · 3 ⇒ ZB = 2. D

25. X, Y , and Z are the midpoints of the sides, so AX, BY , and CZ are medians. A
AR
26. By Ceva’s Theorem, RB · BP CS AR 3 CS BR 2
P C · SA = 1. RB = 2 , and SA = RA = 3 , so this becomes
3 BP 2 BP
2 · P C · 3 = 1 ⇒ P C = 1 ⇒ BP = P C. So P is the midpoint of BC. By similar triangles,
AR AB 3 5 1
RS = BC ⇒ 6 = BC ⇒ BC = 10. Since P is the midpoint of BC, BP = 2 · 10 = 5. D

R S

B P C

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January Regional Geometry Individual Solutions

√ √ √ √
27. By the Pythagorean Theorem, BC = 102 − 72 = 51. Since 7 = 49 < 51, and the
hypotenuse is larger than either leg, AB is the smallest side of the triangle, so the angle
opposite it, ∠C, is the smallest angle. C
√
28. The side length of the square is 16 = 4. Divide the unshaded region into the 4 triangles
shown
√ below. Each triangle is a 30◦ -60◦ -90√
◦ triangle with hypotenuse 4, so the legs are 2 and
√
2 3. The area of each traingle is 12 · 2 · 2 3 = 2 3, so the area of the unshaded region is
√ √
4 · 2 3 = 8 3. The
√ area of the shaded region is the area of the square minus the unshaded
region, or 16 − 8 3. B

A B
30◦
30◦

30◦
30◦
D C

29. Let the interior angle measures of a regular m-gon and n-gon be x and y, respectively, so
x = k2 · y. Since x > y (because m > n), k must be at least 3. Therefore, x is at least 3/2
times y.
If y ≥ 120◦ , then x ≥ 32 · 120◦ = 180◦ . However, x must be less than 180◦ because it is the
interior angle measure of a regular polygon. Therefore, we can’t have y ≥ 120◦ , so y < 120◦ .
This restricts y to 60◦ , 90◦ , and 108◦ , corresponding to n = 3, 4, and 5, respectively.
Suppose y = 60◦ . If k = 3, then x = 90◦ , so m = 4. If k = 4, then x = 120◦ , so m = 6. If
◦
k = 5, then x = 150◦ , so m = 12 (the exterior angle is 30◦ , so m = 360
30◦ = 12). k can’t be
any larger or else x ≥ 180◦ , so there are 3 solutions for this case.
Suppose y = 90◦ . If k = 3, then x = 135◦ , so m = 8. k can’t be any larger or else x ≥ 180◦ ,
so there is 1 solution for this case.
Suppose y = 108◦ . If k = 3, then x = 162◦ , so m = 20 (the exterior angle is 18◦ , so
◦
m = 360 ◦
18◦ = 20). k can’t be any larger or else x ≥ 180 , so there is 1 solution for this case.

This gives us a total of 3 + 1 + 1 = 5 solutions. B

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January Regional Geometry Individual Solutions

30. Triangles ABC, CDE, and EF A are each isosceles triangles with angles 100◦ , 40◦ , and 40◦ ,
so√they are all√similar to each other. So, AC : CE : EA = AB : CD : EF = 6 : 3 :
3 3 = 2 : 1 : 3. Thus, triangle ACE is a 30◦ -60◦ -90◦ triangle, with ∠EAC = 30◦ . So,
∠F AB = ∠F AE + ∠EAC + ∠CAB = 40◦ + 30◦ + 40◦ = 110◦ . A

A
40◦ B
◦
100
F

E C