Apply ray

diagramming

technique in
Identify the describing images
images to
complete the formed by mirrors.
statement.
systematic process of tracing or diagramming rays
in forming an image from the object to the mirror
distance of object

focal length
object
vertex
principal axis C F V
center of focus
curvature
radius of curvature concave mirror
 1. P – F Ray

3. C – C Ray C F V
2. F – P Ray
IMAGE
 Location of Farther than the Center
Object: of Curvature

C F V
IMAGE

IMAGE FORMED
LOCATION ORIENTATION SIZE TYPE
between C and F inverted reduced/smaller real
 Location of Between the Center of
Object: Curvature and the Focus

C F V

IMAGE
IMAGE FORMED
LOCATION ORIENTATION SIZE TYPE
beyond C inverted enlarged real
 Location of Between the Focus and
Object: the Vertex

C F V
IMAGE

IMAGE FORMED
LOCATION ORIENTATION SIZE TYPE
at the back of
upright enlarged virtual
the mirror
 Location of At the Center of
Object: Curvature

C F V

IMAGE

IMAGE FORMED
LOCATION ORIENTATION SIZE TYPE
at C inverted same real
 Location of At the Focus/Focal Point
Object:

C F V

At infinity
IMAGE FORMED
LOCATION ORIENTATION SIZE TYPE
No image formed
 1. P – F Ray
3. C – C Ray
2. F – P Ray
V F C
IMAGE
 Location of Farther than C in Front of
Object: the Mirror

V F C
IMAGE

IMAGE FORMED
LOCATION ORIENTATION SIZE TYPE
at the back of
upright reduced virtual
the mirror
 Location of Between F and V in Front
Object: of the Mirror

V F C
IMAGE

IMAGE FORMED
LOCATION ORIENTATION SIZE TYPE
at the back of
upright reduced virtual
the mirror
 use the mirror eq_ati_n
equation

in predicting the
characteristics and
p_s_ti_ _ of an image
position
Supply the formed by mirrors.
missing letters
to complete the
statement
 2. show self-
c_confidence
_ fid_ nce
when solving
m_th_m_tical
mathematical
Supply the problems.
missing letters
to complete the
statement
 2
5
4 3
1
 Activity 1: Mirror Equation
1 1 𝑑𝑜𝑑𝑖
1. f = 𝑑𝑜 + 𝑑𝑖 or f= 𝑑 +𝑑𝑖 𝑆𝑖 −𝑑𝑖
1 1
𝑜
𝑑𝑖𝑓 8. m= 9. m=
2. do= 𝑓 - 𝑑𝑖 or do= 𝑑𝑖−𝑓 𝑆𝑜 𝑑𝑜
1 1 𝑑𝑜𝑓
3. di= - 𝑓 𝑑𝑜
or di= 𝑑𝑜−𝑓
Where:
f- focal length
𝑆𝑖𝑑𝑜 𝑆𝑖𝑑𝑜
4. So= 𝑑𝑖 6. di= do- object’s distance
𝑆𝑜
𝑆𝑜𝑑𝑖 𝑆𝑜𝑑𝑖
di- image’s distance
5. Si= 𝑑𝑜
7. do= 𝑆𝑖 So- object’s size
Si- image’s size
m- magnification
 MIRROR
EQUATION
used to provide numerical
information and predict
characteristics of image
formed by curved mirrors.
 19

it shows relationship between

the object distance (do), the
image distance (di) and the
focal length (f).

1 1 𝑑𝑜𝑑𝑖
f= 𝑑𝑜
+ 𝑑𝑖 or f=
𝑑𝑜+𝑑𝑖
 MAGNIFICATION
EQUATION
The relationship of the ratio of the image
distance (di) and object distance (do) to
the ratio of the image height (hi) and
object height (ho).
The relationship of the ratio of the image
distance (di) and object distance (do) to
the ratio of the image height (hi) and
object height (ho).

ℎ𝑖 −𝑑𝑖
M= =
ℎ𝑜 𝑑𝑜
22
Take note! 23

 You can apply Mirror Equation to both

concave and convex mirrors. The concave
mirror creates different images if an object
is placed in different positions, while the
convex mirror has one set of
characteristics of the image formed;
always virtual image or behind the mirror,
upright, and reduced in size.
24
25
26
Sample Problem:
1. A 4.0 cm tall bulb is placed at a distance of 3.5 cm from a
concave mirror having a focal length of 12.0 cm. How far
is the image from the mirror? What is the size of the
image? Describe the orientation and type of the image.
𝑑𝑜𝑓
Solution: b. di= 𝑑𝑜 −𝑓
c. Si=
𝑆𝑜𝑑𝑖
𝑑𝑜
a. Given:
So= 4.0 cm = (3.5cm)(12.0cm) = (4.0cm)(-4.94cm)
do= 3.5 cm 3.5cm - 12.0cm 3.5cm
f= 12.0 cm = 42cm 2
= -19.76cm 2
di= ? -8.5cm 3.5cm
Si= ? di= -4.94cm Si= -5.65cm
 Location of A 4 cm bulb is placed 3.5
Object: cm from the mirror

C F V
IMAGE

IMAGE FORMED
LOCATION ORIENTATION SIZE TYPE
at the back of the mirror upright enlarged virtual
1. Practice Exercise
An object is placed 36.0cm in front of a concave
mirror of focal length 22.0cm.

a. Where is the image of the object located?

b. If the object is 15cm, what is the size of its
image?
c. Describe the image.
Practical Exercise:

𝑑𝑜𝑓
Solution: b. di= 𝑑𝑜 −𝑓
c. Si=
𝑆𝑜𝑑𝑖
𝑑𝑜
a. Given:
So= 15 cm = (36cm)(22cm)= (15cm)(56.57cm)
do= 36 cm 36cm - 22cm 36cm
f= 22 cm = 792cm2 = 884.5cm2
di= ? 14cm 36cm
Si= ? di= 56.57cm Si= 23.57cm
 Location of A 15 cm object placed at
Object: 36 cm of the mirror

C F V

IMAGE
IMAGE FORMED
LOCATION ORIENTATION SIZE TYPE
beyond C inverted enlarged real
 32
Sample problem:
A 3.0 cm tall light bulb is placed
at a distance of 32 cm from a
convex mirror having a focal length
of -10.2cm. Determine the image
distance and the image size.
33
34
35
 Problem 1
Using the mirror equation, solve the
following problems. a. An object is placed
40.0 cm in front of a concave mirror of
focal length 15.0 cm.

1. Where is the image formed?

2. Describe the image.
 Problem 2
An object is placed 36.0 cm in front of a
concave mirror whose focal length is 25 cm.

A. What is the radius of curvature?

B. Where is the image of the object
located?
C. Describe the object. (orientation, size,
and type)
 Problem 3
1. An 8.0 cm tall light bulb is placed at
35.0 cm from a convex mirror having a
focal length of 12.0 cm. Determine the
image distance and the image size.
 Problem 4
A 5.00-cm tall light bulb is placed at a
distance of 45.0 cm from a concave
mirror having a focal length of 10.5 cm.
Determine the image distance and the
image size.
 Problem 5
A bottle is placed 15 cm from the
vertex of concave mirror that has a
focal length of 12 cm. Locate the
position of the image.
 Problem 6
Where must a coffee mug be
placed to produce a real image, 28
cm from the mirror that has a focal
15 cm.
 Assignment
1. An 8.0 cm tall light bulb is placed at
35.0 cm from a convex mirror having a
focal length of 12.0 cm. Determine the
image distance and the image size.
1. An 8.0 cm tall light bulb is placed at 35.0 cm from a convex
mirror having a focal length of 12.0 cm. Determine the image
distance and the image size.
2. What are lenses?
3. What are the two types of lenses?