Biology Idk
Biology Idk
Biology Idk
*0123456789*
BIOLOGY0610/04
Paper 4 Theory (Extended) For examination from 2023
INSTRUCTIONS
● Answer all questions.
● Use a black or dark blue pen. You may use an HB pencil for any diagrams or graphs.
● Write your name, centre number and candidate number in the boxes at the top of the page.
● Write your answer to each question in the space provided.
● Do not use an erasable pen or correction fluid.
● Do not write on any bar codes.
● You may use a calculator.
● You should show all your working and use appropriate units.
INFORMATION
● The total mark for this paper is 80.
● The number of marks for each question or part question is shown in brackets [ ].
1 (a) Fig. 1.1 is a photomicrograph showing a surface view of many villi in the small intestine.
villi
Fig. 1.1
............................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................... [3]
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) The nutrients in the blood can be used to become part of cells.
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
1 .........................................................................................................................................
2 .........................................................................................................................................
[2]
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................... [4]
[Total: 12]
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................... [3]
(b) Person A and person B were monitored to see how well they could control their blood glucose
concentration.
They did not eat or drink anything other than water for eight hours before the monitoring
began. They then drank a glucose solution.
blood glucose
concentration
/ mg per 100 cm3
220
200
A
180
160
glucose
solution
140
ingested
120
100
B
80
60
0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240
time / minutes
Fig. 2.1
© UCLES 2020 0610/04/SP/23
5
(i) Calculate the percentage increase in the blood glucose concentration in person A
between 60 and 90 minutes.
..............................................................%
[3]
(ii) Using Fig. 2.1, compare the response of person A with the response of person B after
the ingestion of glucose.
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................... [3]
(iii) Using Fig. 2.1, explain the response of person B after 90 minutes.
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................... [4]
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................... [2]
[Total: 15]
phagocyte
lymphocyte
red blood
cell
Fig. 3.1
(a) Describe the differences in appearance and the functions of the three cells labelled in
Fig. 3.1.
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................... [6]
Fig. 3.2
(i) Complete Fig. 3.2 by filling in the two empty boxes. [1]
1 .........................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
2 .........................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
[2]
(c) Haemophilia is a sex-linked blood disorder. The blood of people with haemophilia takes
longer to clot.
Q R S T
Fig. 3.3
(i) State the genotypes of the people identified as P, Q and R in Fig. 3.3.
P .........................................................................................................................................
Q ........................................................................................................................................
R .........................................................................................................................................
[3]
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................... [2]
[Total: 15]
............................................................................................................................................... [2]
Ethanol is a type of sustainable resource that can be made from a wide range of crop plants.
Table 4.1 summarises some information about crop plants that are used to make biofuel.
Table 4.1
A country has a mean temperature range of 12 °C to 24 °C. The country has a mean annual
rainfall of 1000 mm.
Suggest and explain which crop plant would be the most suitable crop to grow to produce
biofuel in the country.
explanation ................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................... [3]
(c) Describe and explain how a reduced concentration of water vapour in the air would increase
the movement of water through crop plants.
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................... [3]
(d) Sugarcane is a crop plant that is usually grown from stem cuttings rather than from seeds.
Describe the advantages of using cuttings rather than seeds to reproduce crop plants.
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................... [3]
[Total: 11]
Fig. 5.1
1 .........................................................................................................................................
2 .........................................................................................................................................
[2]
(ii) State two structures that are present in plant cells that are not present in the cells of
reptiles.
1 .........................................................................................................................................
2 .........................................................................................................................................
[2]
(i) State the names of two parts of the digestive system where starch is digested by
enzymes.
1 .........................................................................................................................................
2 .........................................................................................................................................
[2]
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................... [3]
(c) There are many threats to species such as the marine iguana.
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................... [5]
[Total: 14]
6 Wetlands are important ecosystems. Researchers studied the feeding relationships between the
organisms in an area of coastal wetland.
Fig. 6.1 shows part of the food web that they studied.
spotted
sandpiper
stone crab
blenny
mysid shrimp
oyster pipefish
water flea
algae and
phytoplankton
Fig. 6.1
(a) Complete Table 6.1 by giving the name of one organism from the food web in Fig. 6.1 for
each row.
Table 6.1
producer
secondary consumer
[3]
nitrogen gas in
the air
C
amino acids
nitrate ions
in plants
D A
Fig. 6.2
(i) State the name of process A in Fig. 6.2 and give the type of organism that converts
ammonium ions to nitrate ions.
A .........................................................................................................................................
(ii) Describe how the nitrate ions used in process C enter the roots of plants.
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................... [3]
(iii) State the name of the structure in plant cells where process D occurs.
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(c) A pyramid of numbers for the wetland ecosystem showed that there were very large numbers
of organisms at the base of the pyramid and very few at the top.
Explain why.
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................... [3]
[Total: 13]
BLANK PAGE
Copyright Acknowledgements:
Fig. 1.1 © Ref: P520/0129; EYE OF SCIENCE/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY; Small intestine villi, SEM.; www.sciencephoto.com
Fig. 3.1 © Ref: C022/5626; DR. FRED HOSSLER, VISUALS UNLIMITED/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY; Blood smear. Light micrograph
showing human blood cells; www.sciencephoto.com
Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every
reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the
publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.
Cambridge Assessment International Education is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of the University of
Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which itself is a department of the University of Cambridge.