Chapter 11
Chapter 11
Chapter 11
TOPIC-EQUATION OF A LINE
Q.1* Find the vector equation of a line which passes through the point with position
vector
2i – j + 4k and is in the direction of i + j – 2k. Also, reduce it to Cartesian form.
[CBSE2008]
Q.2 Find the vector equation of a line passing through (2, - 1,1) and parallel to the line
Q.4* The points A(4, 5, 10), B(2, 3, 4) and C(1, 2, -1) are three vertices of a parallelogram
ABCD. Find vector and Cartesian equations for the sides AB and BC and find the
coordinates of D. [CBSE2008, 2012]
Q.5 Find the direction cosines of the line . Also, find the vector
equation of the line.
Q.6* The Cartesian equations of a line are 6x – 2 = 3y + 1 = 2z – 2. Find its direction ratios
and also find vector equation of the line. [CBSE2008]
Q 7. Find the cartesian and vector equations of a line which passes through the point
1. 2.
3.
4. (3, 4, 5) 5.
6.
7. ,
8.
TOPIC: DIRECTION COSINES AND DIRECTION RATIOS
Q1*. Find the direction cosines of a line making angles 450, 900,1350 with co-ordinate axes.
Q2*. Find the direction cosines of a line equally inclined with co-ordinate axes.
[CBSE2009]
Q.3 Prove by using distance formula that the points P(1, 2, 3), Q(-1, -1, -1) and R(3, 5, 7)
are collinear.
Q.4* Find the distance of the point P (a, b, c) from the x-axis. [CBSE2014]
Q5*. If a line makes α , β , γ with x,y,z axis then show [CBSE2016,18]
2
(i)cos α+cos2 β +cos 2 γ=1
(ii)cos2 α +cos2 β+cos2 γ=−1
2
(iii)sin α+sin 2 β+sin 2 γ =2
Q6*. The projection of a line on co-ordinate axes are 2,3,4 find its length.
ANSWERS:
1
1. √2
, 0 ,−
1
√2 2.
(
±
1 1
,± ,±
√ 3 √3 √3
1
) √ b2 + c 2
4. 6. √ 29
TOPIC-ANGLE BETWEEN 2 LINES
(i) and
(ii) and
Q 3. Find the angle between the pairs of lines with direction ratios proportional to
(i) 1, 2, - 2 and -2, 2, 1 (ii) a, b, c and b-c, c-a, a - b.
Q.6 Find the value of so that the following lines are perpendicular to each other.
1
cos−1
Q.7* Show that angle between any 2 diagonals of a cube is 3.
Q.8 Show that the line through the points (1, – 1, 2), (3, 4, – 2) is perpendicular to the
line through the points (0, 3, 2) and (3, 5, 6).
Q.9* Show that the line through the points (4, 7, 8), (2, 3, 4) is parallel to the line through
the points (– 1, – 2, 1), (1, 2, 5).
Q.10 Show that the three lines with direction cosines 12/13,-3/13,-4/13 ; 4/13,12/13, 3/13
ansd 3/13,-4/13,12/13 are mutually perpendicular
ANSWERS
Q.1** Find the equation of the line passing through the point (-1, 3, -2) and perpendicular to
Q.2 Find the equations of the line passing through the point (2,1,3) and perpendicular to
the lines
and .
Q.3** Find the equation of the line passing through the point (1, -1, 1) and perpendicular to
the lines joining the points (4, 3, 2), (1, - 1, 0) and (1, 2, - 1), (2, 1, 1).
Q.4** Find the equation of the line passing through the point i + j -3k and perpendicular to
ANSWERS
1. 2.
3. 4. = (i + j – 3k) + (4i – 5j + k)
TOPIC-POINT OF INTERSECTION
Q 1**. Show that the lines and intersect and find their
point of intersection. [CBSE2015,17,19]
Q 4**. Prove that the line = (i + j - k) + (3i - j) and =(4 i - k) + (2i + 3k) intersect and
find their point of intersection.
(ii)
ANSWERS
1. (2, 6, 3) 2. 3. (10, 14, 4) 4. (4, 0, -1) 5. (i) No (ii) No. 6. (-1,-1,-1)
TOPIC-FOOT OF PERPENDICULAR
Q.1** Find the foot of the perpendicular from the point (0, 2, 3) on the line
Q 2. Find the length of the perpendicular from the point (1, 2, 3) to the line
.
Q 3**. Find the foot of the perpendicular drawn from the point 2i – j + 5k to the line = (11i
– 2j – 8k) + (10i – 4j – 11k). Also, find the length of the perpendicular.
Q 4**. Find the image of the point (1, 6, 3) in the line . Also, write the
equation of the line joining the given point and its image and find the length of the
segment joining the given point and its image.
Q.5** Find the foot of the perpendicular drawn from the point A (1, 0, 3) to the joint of the
points B (4, 7, 1) and C (3, 5, 3).
Q 6. A (1, 0, 4), B (0, - 11, 3), C (2, - 3, 1) are three points and D is the foot of
perpendicular from A on BC. Find the coordinates of D.
Q.7 Vertices B and C of ABC lie along the line . Find the area of
the triangle given that A has coordinates (1, -1, 2) and line segment BC has length 5.
ANSWERS:
7. sq. units.
TOPIC-SHORTEST DISTANCE
Q 1. Find the shortest distance between the following pairs of lines whose vector equations
are: [CBSE2008,09,12,15,16,,23,24]
(i) and
(ii) and
(iii) and
(iv)** and
Also state whether the following pairs of lines intersect or not:
Q 3. Find the shortest distance between the following pairs of parallel lines whose
equations are :
[CBSE2010]
Q.2 Find the points on the line at a distance of 5 units from the point
P (1, 3, 3).
Q.3 Check weather point (2,6,3) lies on the given line or not
ANSWERS: