Hjikbbhip school

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PHYSICS
Class 12 - Physics
Time Allowed: 1 hour and 9 minutes Maximum Marks: 152

Section A
1. A straight wire of mass 200 g and length 1.5 m carries a current of 2 A. It is suspended in mid-air by a uniform [1]
horizontal magnetic field B (Fig). What is the magnitude of the magnetic field?

2. If the magnetic field is parallel to the positive y-axis and the charged particle is moving along the positive x-axis [2]
(Fig.), which way would the Lorentz force be for
a. an electron (negative charge),
b. a proton (positive charge).

3. In the circuit (Fig.) the current is to be measured. What is the value of the current if the ammeter shown [2]

a. is a galvanometer with a resistance RG = 60.00 Ω ;

b. is a galvanometer described in (a) but converted to an ammeter by a shunt resistance rs = 0.02 Ω ;
c. is an ideal ammeter with zero resistance?

4. a. A current-carrying circular loop lies on a smooth horizontal plane. Can a uniform magnetic field be set up in [2]
such a manner that the loop turns around itself (i.e., turns about the vertical axis).
b. A current-carrying circular loop is located in a uniform external magnetic field. If the loop is free to turn,
what is its orientation of stable equilibrium? Show that in this orientation, the flux of the total field (external
field + field produced by the loop) is maximum.

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 c. A loop of irregular shape carrying current is located in an external magnetic field. If the wire is flexible, why
does it change to a circular shape?
5. A 100 turn closely wound circular coil of radius 10 cm carries a current of 3.2 A. [5]
a. What is the field at the centre of the coil?
b. What is the magnetic moment of this coil? The coil is placed in a vertical plane and is free to rotate about a
horizontal axis which coincides with its diameter. A uniform magnetic field of 2T in the horizontal direction
exists such that initially the axis of the coil is in the direction of the field. The coil rotates through an angle of
90° under the influence of the magnetic field.
c. What are the magnitudes of the torques on the coil in the initial and final position?
d. What is the angular speed acquired by the coil when it has rotated by 90°? The moment of inertia of the coil

is 0.1 kg m2.

6. The horizontal component of the earth’s magnetic field at a certain place is 3.0 × 10–5 T and the direction of the [2]
field is from the geographic south to the geographic north. A very long straight conductor is carrying a steady
current of 1A. What is the force per unit length on it when it is placed on a horizontal table and the direction of
the current is
a. east to west;
b. south to north?
7. A solenoid of length 0.5 m has a radius of 1 cm and is made up of 500 turns. It carries a current of 5 A. What is [1]
the magnitude of the magnetic field inside the solenoid?
8. Figure shows a long straight wire of a circular cross-section (radius a) carrying steady current I. The current I is [3]
uniformly distributed across this cross-section. Calculate the magnetic field in the region r < a and r > a.

9. Consider a tightly wound 100 turn coil of radius 10 cm, carrying a current of 1 A. What is the magnitude of the [1]
magnetic field at the centre of the coil?
10. A straight wire carrying a current of 12 A is bent into a semi-circular arc of radius 2.0 cm as shown in Fig. (a). [3]
Consider the magnetic field B at the centre of the arc.
a. What is the magnetic field due to the straight segments?
b. In what way the contribution to B from the semicircle differs from that of a circular loop and in what way
does it resemble?
c. Would your answer be different if the wire were bent into a semi-circular arc of the same radius but in the
opposite way as shown in Fig. (b)?

11. An element Δl ⃗ = ^
Δx i is placed at the origin and carries a large current I = 10 A (Fig.). What is the magnetic [2]
field on the y-axis at a distance of 0.5 m? Δx = 1 cm.

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12. What is the radius of the path of an electron (mass 9 × 10-31 kg and charge 1.6 × 10–19 C) moving at a speed of [2]
3 × 107 m/s in a magnetic field of 6 × 10–4 T perpendicular to it? What is its frequency? Calculate its energy in
keV. ( 1 eV = 1.6 × 10–19 J).
13. A circular coil of wire consisting of 100 turns, each of radius 8.0 cm carries a current of 0.40 A. What is the [1]
magnitude of the magnetic field B at the centre of the coil?
14. A long straight wire carries a current of 35 A. What is the magnitude of the field B at a point 20 cm from the [1]
wire?
15. A long straight wire in the horizontal plane carries a current of 50 A in north to south direction. Give the [1]
magnitude and direction of B at a point 2.5 m east of the wire.
16. A horizontal overhead power line carries a current of 90 A in east to west direction. What is the magnitude and [2]
direction of the magnetic field due to the current 1.5 m below the line?
17. What is the magnitude of magnetic force per unit length on a wire carrying a current of 8 A and making an angle [1]
of 30° with the direction of a uniform magnetic field of 0.15T.
18. A 3.0 cm wire carrying a current of 10 A is placed inside a solenoid perpendicular to its axis. The magnetic field [1]
inside the solenoid is given to be 0.27 T. What is the magnetic force on the wire?
19. Two long and parallel straight wires A and B carrying currents of 8.0 A and 5.0 A in the same direction are [1]
separated by a distance of 4.0 cm. Estimate the force on a 10 cm section of wire A.
20. A closely wound solenoid 80 cm long has 5 layers of windings of 400 turns each. The diameter of the solenoid is [2]
1.8 cm. If the current carried is 8.0 A, estimate the magnitude of B inside the solenoid near its centre.
21. A square coil of side 10 cm consists of 20 turns and carries a current of 12 A. The coil is suspended vertically [3]
and the normal to the plane of the coil makes an angle of 30º with the direction of a uniform horizontal magnetic
field of magnitude 0.80 T. What is the magnitude of torque experienced by the coil?

22. Two moving coil meters, M1 and M2 have the following particulars: R1 = 10Ω ; N1 = 30, A1 = 3.6× 10-3m2, B1 [2]

= 0.25T, R2 = 14Ω , N2 = 42, A2 = 1.8 × 10-3m2, B2 = 0.50T

(The spring constants k are identical for the two meters).

Determine the ratio of
a. current sensitivity and
b. voltage sensitivity of M2 and M1.

23. In a chamber, a uniform magnetic field of 6.5 G (1 G = 10–4 T) is maintained. An electron is shot into the field [3]

with a speed of 4.8 × 106 ms–1 normal to the field. Explain why the path of the electron is a circle. Determine

the radius of the circular orbit. (e = 1.5 × 10–19 C, me = 9.1 × 10–31 kg)

24. In Exercise 4.11 obtain the frequency of revolution of the electron in its circular orbit. Does the answer depend [3]
on the speed of the electron? Explain.
25. a. A circular coil of 30 turns and radius 8.0 cm, carrying a current of 6.0 A is suspended vertically in a uniform [3]

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 horizontal magnetic field of magnitude 1.0 T. The field lines make an angle of 60° with the normal to the
coil. Calculate the magnitude of the counter torque that must be applied to prevent the coil from turning.
b. Would your answer change if the circular coil in (a) were replaced by a planar coil of some irregular shape
that encloses the same area? (All other particulars are also unaltered.)
Section B
26. A short bar magnet placed with its axis at 30° with a uniform exernal magnetic field of 0.25 T experiences a [1]
torque of magnitude equal to 4.5 × 10 −2
J . What is the magnitude of magnetic moment of the magnet?

27. A short bar magnet of magnetic moment m = 0.32 JT-1 is placed in a uniform magnetic field of 0.15 T. If the bar [2]
is free to rotate in the plane of the field, which orientation would correspond to its
a. stable, and
b. unstable equilibrium?
What is the potential energy of the magnet in each case?
28. A closely wound solenoid of 800 turns and area of cross-section 2.5 × 10 −4
m
2
carries a current of 3.0 A. [1]
Explain the sense in which the solenoid acts like a bar magnet. What is its associated magnetic moment?
29. If the solenoid is free to turn about the vertical direction and a uniform horizontal magnetic field of 0.25 T is [2]
applied, having the magnetic moment, M = 0.6 T-1. What is the magnitude of torque on the solenoid when its
axis makes an angle of 30° with the direction of applied field?
30. A bar magnet of magnetic moment 1.5 J T-1 lies aligned with the direction of a uniform magnetic field of 0.22 T. [5]
a. What is the amount of work required by an external torque to turn the magnet so as to align its magnetic
moment (i) normal to the field direction, (ii) opposite to the field direction?
b. What is the torque on the magnet in cases (i) and (ii)?
31. A closely wound solenoid of 2000 turns and area of cross section 1.6 × 10 −4
m
2
, carrying a current of 4.0 A, is [3]
suspended through its centre allowing it to turn in a horizontal plane.
a. What is the magnetic moment associated with the solenoid?
b. What is the force and torque on the solenoid if a uniform horizontal magnetic field of 7.5 × 10 −2
T is set up
at an angle of 30° with the axis of the solenoid?

32. A short bar magnet has a magnetic moment of 0.48 JT-1. Give the direction and magnitude of the magnetic field [2]
produced by the magnet at a distance of 10 cm from the centre of the magnet on
a. the axis,
b. the equatorial lines (normal bisector) of the magnet.
33. A short bar magnet placed in a horizontal plane has its axis aligned along the magnetic north-south direction. [2]
Null points are found on the axis of the magnet at 14 cm from the centre of the magnet. The earth’s magnetic
field at the place is 0.36 G and the angle of dip is zero. What is the total magnetic field on the normal bisector of
the magnet at the same distance as the null–point (i.e., 14 cm) from the centre of the magnet? (At null points,
field due to a magnet is equal and opposite to the horizontal component of earth’s magnetic field.)
34. If the bar magnet in exercise 5.13 is turned around by 180°, where will the new null points be located? [3]
Section C
35. Consider Experiment 6.2. [2]
a. What would you do to obtain a large deflection of the galvanometer?
b. How would you demonstrate the presence of an induced current in the absence of a galvanometer?
36. A square loop of side 10 cm and resistance 0.5 Ω is placed vertically in the east-west plane. A uniform magnetic [2]

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 field of 0.10 T is set up across the plane in the north-east direction. The magnetic field is decreased to zero in
0.70 s at a steady rate. Determine the magnitudes of induced emf and current during this time-interval.
37. A circular coil of radius 10 cm, 500 turns and resistance 2 Ω is placed with its plane perpendicular to the [2]
horizontal component of the earth’s magnetic field. It is rotated about its vertical diameter through 180° in 0.25
s. Estimate the magnitudes of the emf and current induced in the coil. The horizontal component of the earth’s
magnetic field at the place is 3.0 × 10-5 T
38. In Figure, shows planar loops of different shapes moving out of or into a region of a magnetic field which is [3]
directed normal to the plane of the loop away from the reader. Determine the direction of induced current in each
loop using Lenz’s law.

39. a. A closed-loop is held stationary in the magnetic field between the north and south poles of two permanent [5]
magnets held fixed. Can we hope to generate current in the loop by using very strong magnets?
b. A closed-loop move normal to the constant electric field between the plates of a large capacitor. Is a current
induced in the loop?
i. when it is wholly inside the region between the capacitor plates.
ii. when it is partially outside the plates of the capacitor? The electric field is normal to the plane of the loop.
c. A rectangular loop and a circular loop are moving out of a uniform magnetic field region (Fig.) to a field-free
region with a constant velocity v. In which loop do you expect the induced emf to be constant during the
passage out of the field region? The field is normal to the loops.

d. Predict the polarity of the capacitor in the situation described by Figure.

40. A metallic rod of 1 m length is rotated with a frequency of 50 rev/s, with one end hinged at the centre and the [2]
other end at the circumference of a circular metallic ring of radius 1 m, about an axis passing through the centre
and perpendicular to the plane of the ring (Fig.). A constant and uniform magnetic field of 1 T parallel to the

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 axis is present everywhere. What is the emf between the centre and the metallic ring?

41. A wheel with 10 metallic spokes each 0.5 m long is rotated with a speed of 120 rev/min in a plane normal to the [2]
horizontal component of earth’s magnetic field. If the magnitude of the field is 0.4 G at the place, what is the
induced emf between the axle and the rim of the wheel? Note that 1 G = 10-4T
42. Two concentric circular coils, one of small radius r1 and the other of large radius r2, such that r1 << r2, are [3]

placed co-axially with centres coinciding. Obtain the mutual inductance of the arrangement.
43. a. Obtain the expression for the magnetic energy stored in a solenoid in terms of magnetic field B, area A and [2]
length l of the solenoid.
b. How does this magnetic energy compare with the electrostatic energy stored in a capacitor?

44. Kamla peddles a stationary bicycle. The pedals of the bicycle are attached to a 100 turn coil of area 0.10 m2. The [1]
coil rotates at half a revolution per second and it is placed in a uniform magnetic field of 0.01 T perpendicular to
the axis of rotation of the coil. What is the maximum voltage generated in the coil?
45. Predict the direction of induced current in the situations described by the following Figure. [5]

a.

b.

c.

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 d.

e.

f.

46. Use Lenz's law to determine the direction of induced current in the situation described by figure: [2]
a. A wire of irregular shape turning into a circular shape.

b. A circular loop being deformed into a narrow straight wire.

47. A long solenoid with 15 turns per cm has a small loop of area 2.0 cm2 placed inside the solenoid normal to its [2]
axis. If the current carried by the solenoid changes steadily from 2.0 A to 4.0 A in 0.1 s, what is the induced emf
in the loop while the current is changing?
48. A rectangular loop of sides 8 cm and 2 cm with a small cut is moving out of a region of uniform magnetic field [3]
of magnitude 0.3 tesla directed normal to the loop. What is the voltage developed across the cut if velocity of
loop is 1 cms −1
in a direction normal to the (i) longer side (ii) shorter side of the loop? For how long does the
induced voltage last in each case?

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49. A 1.0 m long conducting rod rotates with an angular frequency of 400 rad s-1 about an axis normal to the rod [2]
passing through its one end. The other end of the rod is in contact with a circular metallic ring. A constant
magnetic field of 0.5 T parallel to the axis exists everywhere. Calculate the emf developed between the centre
and the ring.
50. A horizontal straight wire 10 m long extending from east to west is falling with a speed of 5.0 ms-1, at right [3]

angles to the horizontal component of the earth’s magnetic field, 0.30 × 10-4 Wb m-2.
a. What is the instantaneous value of the emf induced in the wire?
b. What is the direction of the emf?
c. Which end of the wire is at the higher electrical potential?
51. Current in a circuit falls from 5.0 A to 0.0 A in 0.1 s. If an average emf of 200 V induced, give an estimate of the [1]
self inductance of the circuit?
52. A pair of adjacent coils has a mutual inductance of 1.5 H. If the current in one coil changes from 0 to 20 A in 0.5 [2]
s, what is the change of flux linkage with the other coil?
Section D
53. A light bulb is rated at 100W for a 220 V supply. Find [2]
a. the resistance of the bulb;
b. the peak voltage of the source; and
c. the rms current through the bulb.
54. A pure inductor of 25.0 mH is connected to a source of 220 V. Find the inductive reactance and rms current in [1]
the circuit if the frequency of the source is 50 Hz.
55. A lamp is connected in series with a capacitor. Predict your observations for dc and ac connections. What [2]
happens in each case if the capacitance of the capacitor is reduced?
56. A 15.0 μF capacitor is connected to a 220 V, 50 Hz source. Find the capacitive reactance and the current (rms [2]
and peak) in the circuit. If the frequency is doubled, what happens to the capacitive reactance and the current?
57. A light bulb and an open coil inductor are connected to an ac source through a key as shown in Fig. [2]

The switch is closed and after some time, an iron rod is inserted into the interior of the inductor. The glow of the
light bulb

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 a. increases;
b. decreases;
c. is unchanged, as the iron rod is inserted.
Give your answer with reasons.
58. A resistor of 200 Ω and a capacitor of 15.0 μF are connected in series to a 220 V, 50 Hz ac source. [2]
a. Calculate the current in the circuit;
b. Calculate the voltage (rms) across the resistor and the capacitor. Is the algebraic sum of these voltages more
than the source voltage? If yes, resolve the paradox.

59. a. For circuits used for transporting electric power, a low power factor implies larger power loss in [2]
transmission. Explain.
b. The power factor can often be improved by the use of a capacitor of appropriate capacitance in the circuit.
Explain.
60. A sinusoidal voltage of peak value 283 V and frequency 50 Hz is applied to a series LCR circuit in which R = 3 [3]
Ω , L = 25.48 mH, and C = 796 μF. Find
a. the impedance of the circuit;
b. the phase difference between the voltage across the source and the current;
c. the power dissipated in the circuit; and
d. the power factor.
61. Suppose the frequency of the source in the previous example can be varied. [2]
a. What is the frequency of the source at which resonance occurs?
b. Calculate the impedance, the current, and the power dissipated at the resonant condition.
62. At an airport, a person is made to walk through the doorway of a metal detector, for security reasons. If she/he is [2]
carrying anything made of metal, the metal detector emits a sound. On what principle does this detector work?
63. A 100Ω resistor is connected to a 220 V, 50 Hz ac supply. [2]
a. What is the rms value of current in the circuit?
b. What is the net power consumed over a full cycle?

64. a. The peak voltage of an ac supply is 300 V. What is the rms voltage? [2]
b. The rms value of current in an ac circuit is 10 A. What is the peak current?
65. A 44 mH inductor is connected to 220 V, 50 Hz ac supply. Determine the rms value of the current in the circuit. [1]
66. A 60μF capacitor is connected to a 110 V, 60 Hz ac supply. Determine the rms value of the current in the [1]
circuit.
67. In Exercises 7.3 and 7.4, what is the net power absorbed by each circuit over a complete cycle? Explain your [2]
answer.
68. A charged 30 μF capacitor is connected to a 27 mH inductor. What is the angular frequency of free oscillations [2]
of the circuit?
69. A series LCR circuit with R = 20Ω L = 1.5 H and C = 35μF is connected to a variable frequency 200 V ac [2]
supply. When the frequency of the supply equals the natural frequency of the circuit, what is the average power
transferred to the circuit in one complete cycle?
70. A series of LCR circuit is connected to a variable frequency 230 V source, L = 5.0 H, C = 80μF ,R= 40Ω [5]

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 i. Determine the source frequency which drives the circuit in resonance.
ii. Obtain the impedance of the circuit and the amplitude of current at the resonating frequency.
iii. Determine the rms potential drops across the three elements of the circuit. Show that the potential drop
across the LC combination is zero at the resonating frequency.

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