Spring Boot

in 10(ish) Steps

1
Getting Started with Spring Boot
WHY Spring Boot?
You can build web apps & REST API WITHOUT Spring Boot
What is the need for Spring Boot?
WHAT are the goals of Spring Boot?
HOW does Spring Boot work?
COMPARE Spring Boot vs Spring MVC vs Spring

2
Getting Started with Spring Boot - Approach
1: Understand the world before Spring Boot (10000 Feet)
2: Create a Spring Boot Project
3: Build a simple REST API using Spring Boot
4: Understand the MAGIC of Spring Boot
Spring Initializr
Starter Projects
Auto Configuration
Developer Tools
Actuator
...

3
World Before Spring Boot!
Setting up Spring Projects before Spring Boot was NOT easy!
We needed to configure a lot of things before we have a
production-ready application

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World Before Spring Boot - 1 - Dependency Management
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>6.2.2.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>2.13.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.17</version>
</dependency>

Manage frameworks and versions

REST API - Spring framework, Spring MVC framework, JSON binding framework, ..
Unit Tests - Spring Test, Mockito, JUnit, ...

5
World Before Spring Boot - 2 - web.xml
<servlet>
<servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>
org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet
</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/todo-servlet.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>

<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

Example: Configure DispatcherServlet for Spring MVC

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World Before Spring Boot - 3 - Spring Configuration
<context:component-scan base-package="com.in28minutes" />

<bean
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix">
<value>/WEB-INF/views/</value>
</property>
<property name="suffix">
<value>.jsp</value>
</property>
</bean>

Define your Spring Configuration

Component Scan
View Resolver
....

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World Before Spring Boot - 4 - NFRs
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.2</version>
<configuration>
<path>/</path>
<contextReloadable>true</contextReloadable>
</configuration>
</plugin>

<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.17</version>
</dependency>

Logging
Error Handling
Monitoring

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World Before Spring Boot!
Setting up Spring Projects before Spring Boot was NOT easy!
1: Dependency Management (pom.xml)
2: Define Web App Configuration (web.xml)
3: Manage Spring Beans (context.xml)
4: Implement Non Functional Requirements (NFRs)
AND repeat this for every new project!
Typically takes a few days to setup for each project (and
countless hours to maintain)

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Understanding Power of Spring Boot
// http://localhost:8080/courses
[
{
"id": 1,
"name": "Learn AWS",
"author": "in28minutes"
}
]

1: Create a Spring Boot Project

2: Build a simple REST API using Spring Boot

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What's the Most Important Goal of Spring Boot?
Help you build PRODUCTION-READY apps QUICKLY
Build QUICKLY
Spring Initializr
Spring Boot Starter Projects
Spring Boot Auto Configuration
Spring Boot DevTools
Be PRODUCTION-READY
Logging
Different Configuration for Different Environments
Profiles, ConfigurationProperties
Monitoring (Spring Boot Actuator)
...

11
 Spring Boot
BUILD QUICKLY

12
Exploring Spring Boot Starter Projects
I need a lot of frameworks to build application features:
Build a REST API: I need Spring, Spring MVC, Tomcat, JSON conversion...
Write Unit Tests: I need Spring Test, JUnit, Mockito, ...
How can I group them and make it easy to build applications?
Starters: Convenient dependency descriptors for diff. features
Spring Boot provides variety of starter projects:
Web Application & REST API - Spring Boot Starter Web (spring-webmvc, spring-
web, spring-boot-starter-tomcat, spring-boot-starter-json)
Unit Tests - Spring Boot Starter Test
Talk to database using JPA - Spring Boot Starter Data JPA
Talk to database using JDBC - Spring Boot Starter JDBC
Secure your web application or REST API - Spring Boot Starter Security
(REMEMBER) Starters: Define all application dependencies

13
Exploring Spring Boot Auto Configuration
I need lot of configuration to build Spring app:
Component Scan, DispatcherServlet, Data Sources, JSON Conversion, ...
How can I simplify this?
Auto Configuration: Automated configuration for your app
Decided based on:
Which frameworks are in the Class Path?
What is the existing configuration (Annotations etc)?

Example: Spring Boot Starter Web

Dispatcher Servlet (DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration)
Embedded Servlet Container - Tomcat is the default
(EmbeddedWebServerFactoryCustomizerAutoConfiguration)
Default Error Pages (ErrorMvcAutoConfiguration)
Bean<->JSON
(JacksonHttpMessageConvertersConfiguration)

14
Understanding the Glue - @SpringBootApplication
Questions:
Who is launching the Spring Context?
Who is triggering the component scan?
Who is enabling auto configuration?
Answer: @SpringBootApplication
1: @SpringBootConfiguration: Indicates that a class provides Spring Boot
application @Configuration.
2: @EnableAutoConfiguration: Enable auto-configuration of the Spring
Application Context,
3: @ComponentScan: Enable component scan (for current package, by
default)

15
Build Faster with Spring Boot DevTools
Increase developer productivity
Why do you need to restart the server manually for every code
change?
Remember: For pom.xml dependency changes, you will need
to restart server manually

16
 Spring Boot
PRODUCTION-READY

17
Managing App. Configuration using Profiles
Applications have different environments: Dev, QA,
Stage, Prod, ...
Different environments need different configuration:
Different Databases
Different Web Services
How can you provide different configuration for
different environments?
Profiles: Environment specific configuration
How can you define externalized configuration for
your application?
ConfigurationProperites: Define externalized configuration

18
Simplify Deployment with Spring Boot Embedded Servers
How do you deploy your application?
Step 1 : Install Java
Step 2 : Install Web/Application Server
Tomcat/WebSphere/WebLogic etc
Step 3 : Deploy the application WAR (Web ARchive)
This is the OLD WAR Approach
Complex to setup!
Embedded Server - Simpler alternative
Step 1 : Install Java
Step 2 : Run JAR file
Make JAR not WAR (Credit: Josh Long!)
Embedded Server Examples:
spring-boot-starter-tomcat
spring-boot-starter-jetty
spring-boot-starter-undertow

19
Monitor Applications using Spring Boot Actuator
Monitor and manage your application in your production
Provides a number of endpoints:
beans - Complete list of Spring beans in your app
health - Application health information
metrics - Application metrics
mappings - Details around Request Mappings

20
Understanding Spring Boot vs Spring MVC vs Spring
Spring Boot vs Spring MVC vs Spring: What's in it?
Spring Framework: Dependency Injection
@Component, @Autowired, Component Scan etc..
Just Dependency Injection is NOT sufficient (You need other frameworks to build apps)
Spring Modules and Spring Projects: Extend Spring Eco System
Provide good integration with other frameworks (Hibernate/JPA, JUnit & Mockito for Unit Testing)

Spring MVC (Spring Module): Simplify building web apps and REST API
Building web applications with Struts was very complex
@Controller, @RestController, @RequestMapping("/courses")
Spring Boot (Spring Project): Build PRODUCTION-READY apps QUICKLY
Starter Projects - Make it easy to build variety of applications
Auto configuration - Eliminate configuration to setup Spring, Spring MVC and other frameworks!
Enable non functional requirements (NFRs):
Actuator: Enables Advanced Monitoring of applications
Embedded Server: No need for separate application servers!
Logging and Error Handling
Profiles and ConfigurationProperties

21
Spring Boot - Review
Goal: 10,000 Feet overview of Spring Boot
Help you understand the terminology!
Starter Projects
Auto Configuration
Actuator
DevTools
Advantages: Get started quickly with production ready
features!

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