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    Astable MV

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    Atanu Pramanik

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Astable MV

    Uploaded by

    Atanu Pramanik
    2 views6 pages

    Original Title

    ASTABLE MV

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    2 views6 pages

    Astable MV

    Uploaded by

    Atanu Pramanik

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 6

    NETAJI SUBHASH ENGINEERING COLLEGE

    Department Of Electronics and Communication Engg.


    Analog & Digital Electronics Lab
    Code: ESC-391 2nd Year, 3rd Semester

    TITLE: STUDY OF TIMER CIRCUIT USING IC 555 – CONFIGURATION FOR ASTABLE


    MULTIVIBRATOR

    OBJECTIVE: To observe the application of IC 555 as astable multivibrator.

    OPERATING PRINCIPLE:

    The circuit diagram for the astable multivibrator using IC 555 is shown here. The astable multivibrator
    generates a square wave, the period of which is determined by the circuit external to IC 555. The astable
    multivibrator does not require any external trigger to change the state of the output. Hence the name free
    running oscillator. The time during which the output is either high or low is determined by the two resistors
    and a capacitor which are externally connected to the 555 timer. The above figure shows the 555 timer
    connected as an astable multivibrator. Initially when the output is high capacitor C 1 starts charging towards
    Vcc through Ra and Rb. However as soon as the voltage across the capacitor equals 2/3 V cc , comparator1
    triggers the flip-flop and the output switches to low state. Now capacitor C1 discharges through Rb and the
    transistor Q1. When voltage across C equals 1/3 Vcc, comparator 2’s output triggers the flip-flop and the
    output goes high. Then the cycle repeats.The capacitor is periodically charged and discharged between 2/3
    Vcc and 1/3 Vcc respectively. The time during which the capacitor charges from 1/3 Vcc to 2/3 Vcc is equal to
    the time the output remains high and is given by Tc= 0.693 (R a+Rb)C1. where RA and RB are in ohms and C is
    in Farads. Similarly the time during which the capacitor discharges from 2/3 Vcc to 1/3 Vcc is equal to the time the
    output is low and is given by TD=0.693 RbC1
    Thus the total time period of the output waveform is T= TC+TD
    Therefore the frequency of oscillation F= 1/T
    The output frequency, f is independent of the supply voltage Vcc.
    PIN DIAGRAM OF IC 555:
    Pin no. 1. Ground
    2. Trigger input
    3. Output
    4. Reset
    5. Control
    6. Threshold
    7. Discharge
    8. Vcc

    CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

    EQIPMENTS REQUIRED:

    1. Regulated DC Power supply.


    2. Cathode Ray Oscilloscope.
    3. Different discrete components.

    PROCEDURE:

     Connect the circuit as per circuit diagram.


     Switch on the power supply and note down the output waveform at pin no.3 from the CRO.
     Draw the output waveform on a graph sheet.
     Verify the theoretical and practical time periods.
     Repeat the previous steps for different values of resistances Ra & Rb to obtain different duty cycle.
    OBSERVATION TABLE:

    Without Diode

    Calculated Value Measured value (from CRO)


    T ON 0.693 (Ra+Rb)C1

    T OFF 0.693 RbC1

    T T ON + T OFF

    F 1/T

    Duty Cycle (D) TON /T * 100 %

    With Diode:

    Calculated Value Measured value (from CRO)


    Ra=Rb= 10K T ON 0.693 RaC1
    T OFF 0.693 RbC1
    T T ON + T OFF
    F 1/T
    Duty Cycle (D) TON /T * 100 %

    Ra=10K,Rb= 22K T ON 0.693 RaC1


    T OFF 0.693 RbC1
    T T ON + T OFF
    F 1/T
    Duty Cycle (D) TON /T * 100 %

    CONCLUSION:
    WORKSHEET
    EXPERIMENT NO. Date: / /

    Name of the student:


    ……………………………………………………………………………………………….

    Roll No: ……………………………

    CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

    OBSERVATION TABLE:

    Without Diode

    Calculated Value Measured value (from CRO)


    T ON 0.693 (Ra+Rb)C1

    T OFF 0.693 RbC1

    T T ON + T OFF

    F 1/T

    Duty Cycle (D) TON /T * 100 %

    With Diode:

    Calculated Value Measured value (from CRO)


    Ra=Rb= 10K T ON 0.693 RaC1
    T OFF 0.693 RbC1
    T T ON + T OFF
    F 1/T
    Duty Cycle (D) TON /T * 100 %
    Ra=10K,Rb= 22K T ON 0.693 RaC1
    T OFF 0.693 RbC1
    T T ON + T OFF
    F 1/T
    Duty Cycle (D) TON /T * 100 %

    OUTPUT WAVEFORM:
    i) Without using diode, Ra= Rb=10K,C=0.1μF

    ii) Using Diode, Ra= Rb=10K,C=0.1Μf

    iii) Using Diode, Ra= 10K Rb=22K,C=0.1μF

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