CCNA Day 2 - PM Networking

PM Networking
CCNA
Exam (200-301) v1.1
Study Companion
+91-85118 26341
www.pmnetworking.in
Day - 2
PM Networking
NETWORK ARCHITECTURE
Network architecture is the clear view of your Network and it show how all network
components are connected.
It presents the logical and structural layout of networking systems and the related
hardware devices such as routers, switches, etc.
There are various types of network topology architectures.
Three-Tier Architecture
According to Cisco, networks are divided into layers or tiers to make them easier
to understand. One of the traditional models is the three-tier architecture.
The three-tier architecture includes:
Access Layer: The bottom layer where devices like computers and printers
connect to the network.
Distribution Layer: The middle layer that handles data traffic and connects the
access layer to the core layer.
Core Layer: The top layer that provides high-speed data transfer between
different parts of the network.

PM Networking
Access Layer:
The Access Layer is the lowest in the three-tier architecture.
It is sometimes called the workstation layer.
This layer is closest to end users and is responsible for connecting user devices to
the network.
It includes access switches that handle the connections for computers, printers,
and other devices.
Distribution Layer:
The Distribution Layer is the middle layer of the three-tier architecture.
It is also known as the aggregation layer.
This layer aggregates and manages the data from the Access Layer and forwards it
to the Core Layer.
It consists of multilayer switches that can perform both Layer 2 (switching) and
Layer 3 (routing) functions.
It handles tasks such as Quality of Service (QoS) to prioritize important traffic and
security functions like access control and policy enforcement.
It connects multiple access switches and manages the flow of traffic between
them and the Core Layer.
PM Networking
Core Layer:
The Core Layer is the topmost layer in the three-tier architecture.
It is also referred to as the backbone layer.
This layer provides high-speed and reliable data transport across the network.
It includes high-capacity routers and switches designed for fast and efficient data
transfer.
It connects the Distribution Layer devices and ensures that data is transmitted
quickly and without interruptions. It is designed to be fault-tolerant to ensure
network reliability and performance, handling large volumes of traffic efficiently.
Two-Tier Architecture:
The Two-Tier Architecture is a popular network design model that simplifies the
traditional three-tier model by combining two layers into one. This makes it less
complex and easier to manage.
Two-Tier Architecture contains Two layers that is Access layer and the Collapsed
Core Layer.
Collapsed Core Layer: This Layer combines the functions of the traditional Core
Layer and Distribution Layer into a single layer.
Access Layer
This layer is where end-user devices connect to the network. It’s the closest
layer to the devices used by people
Components of Access Layer:

Access Switches: These switches provide the ports for devices like
computers, printers, and phones to connect to the network.
Wireless Access Points (WAPs): For wireless devices, WAPs connect these
devices to the network.
PM Networking
Collapsed Core Layer

The Collapsed Core Layer combines the functions of the traditional Core Layer and
Distribution Layer into a single layer. It simplifies the network by reducing the
number of layers and devices.
Collapsed Core Switches: These powerful switches handle both the aggregation
of traffic from multiple Access Layer switches and the routing of data between
different network segments.
Routers (if needed): In some designs, routers might be included to manage traffic
between different VLANs or external networks.
Spine-Leaf Architecture
The Spine-Leaf Architecture is a modern network design, often used in data
centers. It is known for its simplicity and efficiency, and it operates with two main
layers:
1. Spine Layer
2. Leaf Layer
Spine Layer:
This is the top layer in the Spine-Leaf Architecture.
The Spine layer handles the heavy lifting of network traffic.
It consists of high-performance switches, such as the Cisco Nexus 9000
series.
All traffic between different Leaf switches passes through the Spine switches.
PM Networking
Leaf Layer:
This is the bottom layer in the Spine-Leaf Architecture.

The Leaf layer acts as the entry and exit points for the network.
It consists of access switches that connect directly to end users, Printers, and
other networking devices.
Leaf switches manage connections from end devices and route traffic to and
from the Spine layer.
Small Office/Home Office (SOHO) Architecture
The SOHO architecture is designed to be simple and efficient, ideal for homes and
small businesses. It provides basic network functions while keeping the setup
straightforward and cost-effective.
PM Networking
Components of SOHO Architecture:

Router: It Manages the Internet connection and directs data traffic between the
Internet and your devices. In many SOHO setups, the router also acts as a firewall
for security and It blocks harmful traffic from entering the network and prevents
unauthorized access to your devices.
Switch: It Connects multiple wired devices within the network. In many SOHO
setups, the router includes switch functionality, so a separate switch may not be
needed.
Connected Access Devices: Printers, PCs, laptops, smartphones, and other

network devices. These are the devices that connect to the network to access the
Internet, share files, or print documents.
Conclusion: SOHO Architecture is designed for ease of use and efficiency in small
environments. It typically uses a single router device that combines routing,
switching, and firewall functions, making it simple and cost-effective for home and
small office networks.
PM Networking
On-Premises and Cloud Architecture:

On-Premises Architecture:
It means that all your IT resources (like servers, storage, and software) are
located at your physical location, such as your office or data center.
You have to buy, install, and maintain all the equipment and software yourself.
You have complete control over the hardware, software, and data because
everything is physically located on your property.
You are responsible for securing your equipment and data. This includes
physical security (like locking doors) and digital security (like setting up
firewalls).
You usually pay upfront costs for hardware and software. There can be
additional costs for maintenance and upgrades.
Cloud Architecture:
The CLOUD is the way by which we can use all the technology over the internet
instead of deploying our physical hardware. You don’t need to maintain the
physical hardware by yourself, You just need an internet connection to access it.
Some terms are used in CLOUD.
CSP (Cloud Service Provider): A Cloud Service Provider (CSP) is a company that
offers services over the Internet. These services include things like storage,
computing power, and applications. Like Amazon Web Services (AWS), Microsoft
Azure, Google Cloud
PM Networking
VM (Virtual Machine): A Virtual Machine (VM) is a software-based simulation of a

physical computer. It runs an operating system and applications just like a real
computer. VMs allow you to run multiple operating systems on a single physical
computer.
SaaS (Software as a Service): Software as a Service (SaaS) is a cloud computing

model where you access software applications over the Internet rather than
installing them on your computer. Like Google Workspace (formerly G Suite),
Microsoft 365, and Salesforce.
Thank you
Click icons Follow Our Social media
www.pmnetworking.in
PM Networking
+91-85118 26341

CCNA Day 2 - PM Networking

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

CCNA Day 2 - PM Networking

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

CCNA Day 2 - PM Networking

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

PM Networking

There are various types of network topology architectures.

to understand. One of the traditional models is the three-tier architecture.

The three-tier architecture includes:

connect to the network.

access layer to the core layer.

different parts of the network.

Components of Access Layer:

Collapsed Core Layer

This is the bottom layer in the Spine-Leaf Architecture.

Small Office/Home Office (SOHO) Architecture

Components of SOHO Architecture:

Connected Access Devices: Printers, PCs, laptops, smartphones, and other

On-Premises and Cloud Architecture:

Some terms are used in CLOUD.

VM (Virtual Machine): A Virtual Machine (VM) is a software-based simulation of a

SaaS (Software as a Service): Software as a Service (SaaS) is a cloud computing

You might also like