SOUTHERN BICOL COLLEGES

Mabini Street, Masbate City,

Masbate, Philippines 5400

LEARNING MODULE
in PURPOSIVE
COMMUNICATION

NAME:
COURSE&YEAR:
SCHEDULE:
INSTRUCTOR:

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 Philippines 5400

VISION: Southern Bicol Colleges, an institution of higher learning manned by civic

spirited individual, competent and committed professionals infuse with the love
of God, offering courses that would provide professions relevant to the human
resource need of the Province of Masbate and the greater society, “globally
competitive graduates”, who will be partners of the government in the task of
building a just and humane society.
MISSION: With the aid and providence of Almighty, SBC commits and dedicates itself:
 To provide the province with quality, affordable education, relevant
courses and quality graduate that will meet human resource needs in
the province and greater society in general;
 To develop students into God-fearing, environment friendly individuals,
with a sense of community;
 Provide students with value-laden activities for their whole personality
development;
 Assist its graduates to find employment by linkages with local and
foreign business, medical and educational agencies.
INSTRUCTOR’S INFORMATION
Name: MR. DOMINIC R. RIVA Contact Number: 09850891552
Email Address: [email protected] Google Classroom: Mr. Riva
Facebook Account: Sashi Mi Google Class Code:
COURSE’S INFORMATION
Course Code: GE 5/ GEC 6 / GEC 10 Course Title: Purposive Communication
Course Credit: 3 units Course Schedule:
Course Description:
Purposive Communication is a three-unit course designed to develop students’ and to enhance
their cultural and intercultural awareness through multi-modal tasks. These activities provide them
opportunities for communicating effectively and appropriately to a multicultural audience in a local or
global context. It equips students with tools for critical evaluation of a variety of texts and focuses on the
power of language and the impact of images to emphasize the importance of conveying messages
responsibly. The knowledge, skills, and insights that students gain from this course syllabus may be used
in their other academic endeavors, their chosen disciplines, and their future careers as they compose
and produce relevant oral, written, audio-visual and/or web-based output for various purposes.
Course Objectives:
The course primarily aims to develop and enhance the students’ oral communication skills
in English by engaging them to meaningful discussion and interactive activities. Specifically, students will
be able to:
1. Acquire understanding of the nature and function of language and effective oral communication
2. Identify and observe correct pronunciation of critical vowels and consonant sounds
3. Recognize and use correct prosodic patterns: intonation, stress, pausing and blending
4. Demonstrate active and critical listening
5. Speak clearly and spontaneously by adapting one’s speech to situation,
circumstances and people address
6. Observe social and linguistic conventions in oral and interactional and transactional
discourse (e.g. interview, asking and giving directions etc.)
7. Use communication strategies(e.g. paraphrase, translations and circumlocution) to repair
breakdown in communication
8. Use conversational gambits in online interactions to obtain information, express modified
agreements etc.
9. Understand the fundamentals of public speaking and group communication
10. Develop values of respect, tact, sincerity and integrity in their daily conversation.

GENERAL EXPECTATIONS
As your instructor, it is my responsibility to give you the necessary information you need to be successful in this course.
This includes providing you with a syllabus, complete with a calendar of due dates and assignments, and making sure
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you have any other tools you will need throughout our time together. I am always available if you need assistance as
long as you communicate with me. Your expectations of me mirror my expectations of you. Please make sure you are
always respectful to your instructor (in any class) and your classmates by maintaining proper online decorum and
etiquette. If you do this, you will find that your behavior is reciprocated, and respect will be given to all at all times
throughout the term.
Our time together is extremely valuable. Both you and I have responsibilities and lives outside of this class. So it is
essential that you use class time productively. Our time together will also be used for building connections, having
open, honest discussions, and considerately questioning ideas. So creating and maintaining respect for each other is
critical.

CLASSROOM / e-CLASSROOM POLICIES

1. Absences: If a student has the equivalence of seven (7) consecutive days of unofficial absences in a course in
which he/she is currently enrolled, the instructor may drop the student with a remark of “Dropped” in the Grade
Sheet. Unofficial absences are counted from the first day of class as listed in the School Calendar, regardless
of the date of the student’s registration. The only official absence is an authorized school activity or
extracurricular event. All work and/or assignments missed because of an official absence must be completed in
the time allowed. If you are absent from class, it is YOUR responsibility to determine what you missed.
2. Makeup Assignments: You are expected to turn assignments in on time. Make-up work and/or late
assignments WILL ONLY be accepted under extreme conditions. If you miss an essay or assignment deadline
due to an extenuating circumstance, you must make it up within one week of the assignment due date.
3. Participation: Students are expected to participate in class discussions and come to class having completed
the assigned readings. You will post all assignments/quizzes into GOOGLE CLASSROOM ONLY. This is not
optional. If you do not post your assignments/quizzes into Google Classroom, you will not receive a grade for it.
In order to use Google Classroom, you must first register. You will be provided with your Google Classroom
information prior to the due date of your assignments/quizzes. You must participate in all discussions and other
class activities or your grade will be adversely impacted. You will not be able to participate in discussions once
the due date has passed, as this component is an integral part of an online classroom environment.
4. Cheating/Plagiarism: Plagiarism is the conscious use of a source with the intent to deceive. The source may
be either a published article, book, or the work of another student. All papers assigned are to be a student’s
own work. Whenever a student has occasion to use someone else’s work, even if only a single phrase, he/she
must indicate this fact by quotation marks. If he/she borrows without acknowledging a source, he/she is
plagiarizing. Plagiarism and cheating are sufficient grounds for failing the course. Cheating is not doing your
own work. This includes such behavior as submitting the same or very similar written work as another student,
copying another’s answers on exams and quizzes, or bringing in inappropriate materials to an
examination. The consequences of cheating may range from failing an assignment to failing the course.
5. Personal Conduct: Adult behavior is expected of all students at all times. Misconduct, including sleeping in
class, will be punishable by immediate dismissal from class. Students are expected to maintain classroom
decorum that includes respect for other students and the instructor, as well as an attitude that seeks to take full
advantage of the education opportunity.
6. Cell Phones and Electronic Devices: Technology will be used for specific course-related purposes, and you
are encouraged to bring your own devices (laptop, tablet, smart phones, etc.) to class when needed. You are
expected to be intentional and to respect our classroom environment by only using your device when explicitly
allowed and keeping it put away and on silent at all other times. If you are consistently using your device for
non-educational purposes, you will be told to put it away. If you continue to misuse your device, you will lose
the privilege of phones access for a time period. You will then complete the task (quizzes/assignments) without
the device.
Access to technology at home is useful but not required. Lack of access to technology at home is never an
excuse for not turning in an assignment on time. Modules will be given for those who do not have access to
technology.

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WRITING REQUIREMENTS:
1. Use 1" margin all around.
2. Typed, double-space all text except long quotes in 12-point type in Arial, or Times Roman only.
3. Start text 2 spaces down from Assignment
4. Use standard indent for paragraphs
5. Do not skip a space for a new paragraph
6. Number each page in the lower right hand corner
7. Be sure your last name is on each page, page 2 and beyond
8. Make a copy of your paper before you turn it in.
9. Evaluation of your written work will be based primarily upon clarity in organization and development of
ideas.
10. Be sure to include a clear thesis statement at the end of your introduction. Put it in bold type.

EXPECTATIONS FOR PAPERS:

The “A” paper meets the following standards in all areas and excels in one or more of them:

 The paper proposes a complex main idea (thesis), displaying considerable depth of thought.
 The pattern of organization is clear and consistent with the thesis and purpose.
 Paragraphs are fully developed, with relevant and effective use of detail, explanations and transitions.
 There is sustained variety of sentence style and structure.
 The grammatical and punctuation errors are few.
 There are few, if any, spelling errors.

The “B” (strong) paper meets the following standards in all areas:

 As a whole, the paper proposes a thoughtful main idea, which, however, might be considered more predictable than
insightful.
 The pattern of organization is clear and consistent with the thesis and purpose.
 With few exceptions, paragraphs are fully developed, with relevant and effective use of detail, explanations and
transitions.
 Sentences are clear, concise and correct, but do not demonstrate sophistication of style or structure.
 Grammar, punctuation and spelling follow accepted conventions, with a few minor errors.

The “C” paper meets the following standards, with serious deficiency in one of the areas:

 As a whole, the paper proposes an identifiable thesis, which, however, may be trivial, predictable, or too general, and
thus reflect shallowness of thought on the part of the writer.
 A pattern of organization exists, but it is inconsistently or incompletely carried out.
 Some paragraphs lack supporting detail or adequate explanations and contain sentences only loosely connected, lacking
transitions.
 Most sentences are grammatically correct, but are often excessively wordy or vague; structure and style are
monotonous.
 There may be a few serious errors in grammar, punctuation, and occasional misspellings.

Grading system:
 Class Standing 70%
Class Participation 20%
Presentations/Projects 30%
Written Outputs/Quizzes 20%
 Major/Term Examinations 30%
 TOTAL 100%

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

LESSON 1 Relationship Of Speech, Language And

Communication

LESSON 2 Communication And You

LESSON 3 The Communication Process

LESSON 4 Modes Of Communication

LESSON 5 Listening In Communication

LESSON 6 Local And Global Communication In Multicultural

Setting

LESSON 7 Varieties And Registers Of Spoken And Written

Language

LESSON 8 Exploring Texts Reflecting Different Cultures

LESSON 9 Coping With Challenges Of Intercultural

Communication

LESSON 10 Communication For Various Purposes

LESSON 11 Communication Across Professions

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Lesson Relationship of Speech, Language,
1 and Communication
Objectives
 Demonstrate an understanding of the key ideas in speech,
language, and communication.
 Relate your personal experience with the input presented

PRE ACTIVITY:
Have you imagined how the world would go without speech? If you will record your day-to-
day activities, which occupies much of your time? Are you aware that you are spending most
of your waking hours talking? Sometimes, you do not even realize its value.
For us, speech is well-worth careful study because we depend on it so heavily for
our communications with others. The development of human civilization owes it to a great
extent to man’s ability to share experiences, to exchange ideas, and to transmit knowledge from
one generation to another.
CREDO
by E. Christian Buckner

I believe that of all human functions the gift of speech is the most miraculous.
I believe that, if speech were to stop, all civilized living would suddenly vanish.
I believe that the ability to articulate is essential to inner harmony, to emotional maturity, and to
mental balance. If all people could be completely articulate at all times, human relations might
improve to the point where there would be no more wars and no more jails, more stable homes
and more happy people.
I believe that speech is essential to the growth of the human personality and that it provides a way
for self-discovery and self-renewal. For many, it is a way of self-expression without brush or pen.
I believe that the act of speech is a total process, that when it reaches optimum effectiveness, the
whole man communicates. What one is, is always part of what one says.
I believe that there is no substitute for content in the speaking process. Material or intellectual
worth provides the essence of eloquence. Speech skills have their importance, but they no more
make speech than clothes make the man. The center of gravity in all speech communications is
thought and idea.
I believe that every student should develop a concern for truthful and responsible speech,
exhibiting sense –not non-sense, sincerity –not cleverness, forthrightness –not superficiality, and
should never be a party to plagiarized or dishonest work. I believe that speech has no absolutes,
that a completely perfect speech has not yet been made. I believe that speech offers a lifetime
challenge in which there is never a final summit of achievement beyond once cannot climb.
I believe that the individuality of the speaker is a valuable asset in the speaking process, and that
any person with normal intelligence, normal emotional balance, and normal speech mechanisms
has at his command the resources enabling him to make certain speeches that can be equalled by
no other person. Every student has the potential to speak superbly at some time.

COMPREHENSION
QUESTIONS:
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 Check your understanding of the inputs by answering the following questions.
1. Speech is a gift and is the most miraculous. Don’t you think so? Explain your view.
2. Do you believe the second paragraph? Support your answer.
3. How does the third paragraph affect you?
4. As presented in the reading selection, what is the value of speech?
5. What is meant by, “What one is, is always part of what one says.” Do you agree to this?
Support your stand.
6. What is eloquence? When is a speaker said to be eloquent?
7. Has there ever been a perfect speech? Why?
8. What is a speaker’s valuable asset according to the last paragraph?

RELATIONSHIPS OF SPEECH, LANGUAGE AND COMMUNICATION

 Communication is the dual or two-way process of transmitting messages from one
person to another. It is the symbolic interaction between two or more people that
influences each other’s behavior. Speech and language are only a portion of the larger
process of communication.
 Language is, today, an inseparable part of human society. Human civilization has been
possible only through language. It is through language only that humanity has come out of
the Stone Age and has developed science, art and technology in a big way. Language is a
means of communication.
Language is the medium or vehicle through which messages are sent and received. It has
but one purpose: to serve as the code for the transmission of messages between and
among people. Language is human so it differs from animal communication in several
ways. Language can have scores of characteristics but the following are the most
important ones:
1. Language is Arbitrary: Language is arbitrary in the sense that there is no inherent
relation between the words of a language and their meanings or the ideas conveyed by
them. There is no reason why a female adult human being be called a woman in
English, aurat in Urdu, Zen in Persian and Femme in French. The choice of a word
selected to mean a particular thing or idea is purely arbitrary but once a word is selected
for a particular referent, it comes to stay as such. It may be noted that had language not
been arbitrary, there would have been only one language in the world.

2. Language is Social: Language is a set of conventional communicative signals used by

humans for communication in a community. Language in this sense is a possession of a
social group, comprising an indispensable set of rules which permits its members to
relate to each other, to interact with each other, to co-operate with each other; it is a
social institution. Language exists in society; it is a means of nourishing and developing
culture and establishing human relations.

3. Language is Symbolic: Language consists of various sound symbols and their

graphological counterparts that are employed to denote some objects, occurrences or
meaning. These symbols are arbitrarily chosen and conventionally accepted and
employed. Words in a language are not mere signs or figures, but symbols of meaning.
The intelligibility of a language depends on a correct interpretation of these symbols.

4. Language is Systematic: Although language is symbolic, yet its symbols are arranged
in a particular system. All languages have their system of arrangements. Every
language is a system of systems. All languages have phonological and grammatical
systems, and within a system there are several sub-systems. For example, within the
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 grammatical system we have morphological and syntactic systems, and within these two
sub-systems we have systems such as those of plural, of mood, of aspect, of tense, etc.
5. Language is Vocal: Language is primarily made up of vocal sounds only produced by a
physiological articulatory mechanism in the human body. In the beginning, it appeared
as vocal sounds only. Writing came much later, as an intelligent attempt to represent
vocal sounds. Writing is only the graphic representation of the sounds of the language.
So the linguists say that speech is primary.
6. Language is Non-instinctive, Conventional: No language was created in a day out of
a mutually agreed upon formula by a group of humans. Language is the outcome of
evolution and convention. Each generation transmits this convention on to the next. Like
all human institutions languages also change and die, grow and expand. Every
language then is a convention in a community. It is non-instinctive because it is acquired
by human beings. Nobody gets a language in heritage; he acquires it because of his
innate ability.
7. Language is Productive and Creative : Language has creativity and productivity. The
structural elements of human language can be combined to produce new utterances,
which neither the speaker nor his hearers may ever have made or heard before any,
listener, yet which both sides understand without difficulty. Language changes according
to the needs of society.
8. Finally, language has other characteristics such as Duality referring to the two systems
of sound and meaning, Displacement which means the ability to talk across time and
space, Humanness which means that animals cannot acquire it, Universality which
refers to the equilibrium across humanity on linguistic
grounds, Competence and Performance which means that language is innate and
produced in society and furthermore, language is culturally transmitted. It is learnt by an
individual from his elders, and is transmitted from one generation to another. Thus
using J. Firth’s term, language is a ‘polysystematic’. It is also open to be studied from
multifaceted angles.
 Speech is the communication or expression of thoughts in spoken words. It is the verbal
means of communicating or conveying meaning. More specifically, speech is the process
of shaping into words the sound of the voice and the energy of the breath by means of
speech organs. Thus, these terms are not identical but under the same process.

Figure 1. Relationships of Speech, Language, and Communication

LESSON 1: RELATIONSHIP OF SPEECH, LANGUAGE, AND COMMUNICATION

Worksheet No. 1

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 Name: Score:
Course & Year: Instructor:

COMPREHENSION
QUESTIONS

Check your understanding of the input by answering the following questions.

1. Which is broader, speech, communication, or language? What makes it so? (5points)

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2. How is communication accomplished? (5points)

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3. What is the role of language in communication? (5points)

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4. What is meant by “We cannot not communicate”? Write your answer in the form of an
essay with a minimum of 200 words. (30points)

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Lesson Communication and You

2
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 Objectives
 Differentiate verbal, and non-verbal aspects of communication.
 Identify the types of communication in relation to form.
 Identify the elements of the communication process.
Pre-activity:
Recall the first time you engaged in a public oral presentation. What were the different factors that
you considered at that time? Relate how challenging it was for you especially when viewed by different
kinds of audiences. Write your experience below and be ready to share it to the class.

ASPECTS OF COMMUNICATION

1. The Verbal or Linguistic Aspect

This is the aspect of communication that makes use of words. It may be oral or written.
 Oral communication: E.g. Face to face conversation, telephonic
conversation, lectures, speeches, conferences, etc.
 Written communication: E.g. Letters, emails, newsletters, SMS, etc.

2. Nonverbal or Extralinguistic Aspect

This aspect does not make use of words but may enhance or change the linguistic
code. It has the following three elements: (Nonlinguistic, Paralinguistic, and
Metalinguistic)
A. Nonlinguistic Elements
These are the devices used in conveying messages without entirely relying on
speech or language. These non-speech elements fall under seven (7) categories.
They are as follows:
1) Kinesics - language of the body.
2) Proxemics - language of space
3) Chronemics - language of time
4) Haptics - language of touch
5) Olfactics - language of smell
6) Artefactual - language of objects
7) Physical appearance
B. Paralinguistic Elements
These include the following attributes of voice that accompany the words we say.
1) Vocal Quality – refers to the predominant timbre of your voice. It is the
distinctive characteristic of the tone of the voice that makes it pleasant or
unpleasant and by which your friends identify you. Changes in your vocal
quality reflect your emotional condition.
2) Pitch – is the relative position of a tone in a scale. It refers to the highness or
lowness of the voice when you speak.
3) Tempo – is the rate by which we speak. It refers to the number of words
uttered within a given time.
4) Junctures – are pauses in the flow of the speech while pauses are intervals of
silence between or within words, phrases or sentences. In speech, such
pauses express feelings and convey meaning more forcefully than do words.

C. Metalinguistic Elements
This is the abstract element that takes place in the mind of the communicators – their
awareness of the component units of language – sound, words, phrases and
sentences.
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TYPES OF COMMUNICATION
As to form, communication has five basic types:
1. Intrapersonal – the Latin prefix intra- means within or inside. Intrapersonal communication
then means talking to oneself. Some label it as self or inner talk, inner monologue, or inner
dialogue. Psychologists call it with other names such as self-verbalization or self-statement.
2. Interpersonal – the Latin prefix inter- means between, among, and together. An interactive
exchange takes place as interpersonal personal communication takes place. However, as it
occurs, a transaction does not necessarily take place since it can only be a simple interaction
such as greetings, getting to know a person, or ordinary conversations that happen between or
among people. It may be:
 Dyadic – communication between two people. It may be face to face such as
ordinary conversations, dialogs, or interviews. Telephone conversation is also
dyadic.
 Triadic – this communication is participated in by three people.
 Small Group – here, more than three people communicate. This is the enlarged
type of communication usually done to solve problems. The committee, panel,
symposium, brainstorming, and small business meetings are good examples of
small group communication.
3. Public Communication – this involves communication between one and several other
people. This is the large group type of communication. A public speech is an example.
Primarily, it is a monologue one engages in rather than a dialog.
4. Mass Communication – this covers other forms of public communication. These are the
printed forms, radio, television, billboards, online resources, dramas, songs, digital and
conventional advertising, teleconferencing, telecommuting, and many others. The
tools/materials used are called mass media.
5. Organizational Communication – is communication in the organization. There are two
types of organizational structure:
(1) Formal and
(2) Informal
 Formal structure allows communication to take place via designated channels of
message flow between positions in the organization. This may make use of four
approaches: (a) downward communication, (b) upward communication,
(c) horizontal communication, (d) crosswise communication.
a. Downward approach – is the type that flows from upper to lower positions.
b. Upward approach – message transmission is bottom-up in which subordinates
send communication to their superiors/bosses hearing their feedback on
organizational policies, issues related to their jobs, and the like.
c. Horizontal approach – is lateral approach as it takes place among people
belonging to the same level but coming from different departments or units to
facilitate performance of tasks through proper coordination.
d. Crosswise approach – is diagonal in nature as employees from different units or
departments working at various levels communicate with each other.
 Informal structure comes from unofficial channels of message flow. Also known as
“grapevine”, messages coming from different levels of organization are transmitted.

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Elements of Communication Process:
Communication process involves elements such as sender, message (encoding/decoding),
channel/ media, receiver, and feedback.

1. Sender is the person who sends his ideas to another person. For example, if a
manager wants to inform his subordinates about the introduction of a new product,
he is the sender.
2. Message is the idea, feeling, suggestion, guidelines, orders or any content which is
intended to be communicated is message. For example, message is the introduction
of new product.
3. Encoding is the process of converting the idea, thinking or any other component of
message into symbols, words, actions, diagram etc. For example, message is
connected in words and actions.
4. Channel is the medium, passage or route through which encoded message is
passed by the sender to the receiver. There can be various forms of media-face to
face communication, letters, radio, television, e-mail etc. For example manager
inform about the introduction of a new product in a meeting through presentation.
5. Decoding means translating the encoded message into language understandable
by the receiver.
6. Receiver is the person to whom the message has been sent. For example,
subordinates are receivers.
7. Feedback is the response by the receiver. It marks the completion of the
communication process.
All seven elements must be present in any communication situation. Without any one
element, communication will not be effective.

Figure 2 below shows the elements involved in the communication process.

Figure 2. The Elements of Communication

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 LESSON 2: COMMUNICATION AND YOU
Worksheet No. 2
Name: Score:
Course & Year: Instructor:

A. Study the following items. Under which category of nonverbal communication does each of the
following items fall?
1. Grammar 6. Handshake
2. Gestures 7. Perfume
3. Distance 8. Pitch
4. Punctuality 9. Wedding ring
5. Speed 10. Shouting

B. Identify the type of communication of the following context.

1. Memo 6. Billboards
2. Interview 7. Thinking
3. Panel discussion 8. Board meeting
4. Movies 9. Webinar
5. Emceeing 10. SONA

C. Essay. Express your answer in the form of an essay with a minimum of 150 words. (20points)
“When does communication take place?”
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