12.sinif Matematik Limit Konu Anlatimi

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Ll M l T
<2

to- f AJaf \
;}-2.+-
-2

o , qg9 ......9
l i., ooo 0
• o

®Q s c, Ö na ; s 1"d<2fl c:bha :'.k.. Sq /\ !,..,ivil du f u +c.


rQ++=n .Sctfdm ~kbrmo d<Ul,'r
0 \Ll. c.+ ile..
8os +er: lir-
© Q Sq~)Stf'lo
dahc dur,
<l C4 lda ' tjc .s
':;IG lcibrmo cC ile_ ·
NoT ' s Q f '<€, ~"' k:lq) l'no ,·., ,adeaz., X- e kSen: Uk,t~
ek d.:. 1ü
so ldo,
1""'--raj J;,, B tt r re!,;1cl<- t .,kSe/1 • ü ,11JecL,__ saf d°'
jo ~..IQÇ(V\o olcr~l f br le1k
-Ç nl ->fi cf\JI\Jn
0 .l·fYli+flld.e.. .;
8,·r SO--Jl()tfl .solu :le.. be.J,·r-/,'IM 1'f'e. b,r
recl S"'d I Sof lc.rlar
'5+2 =8"°" 5 - '3 :, 2 i 2

5+s+-= ~+ + ~ . 3'"= {5+ ..!:L -2..


'5 - 3= 2- 'J r
6 -+3 - = 8" - S -3- =2+ 6.J-= l - ~- := 2-t'

- (-1-) -=: 11-


- ( ,-)-= -t+

@ 8a~, Ör~kler

? -s- ==-2+
1~ -- , )
, -1, '39 '39 = 2., ooo.l = .2-t-

f ~--,,T (-1) _ oooi) = l ,ooc i-=-


( -
-,-
1
o ,+
'!J S"of Ve. Sol l
B;,_ f o ok. s;j o • uf) ek /\de. ( Tan'"' s h:..- ele f2-r<!,
.ser so do k. lo,-1-, qo - ek. {,qôr.:,,,-j:,

~q ld, ~+•r· olef>re Po~lsijO,'l..,/) Sof Wt:, sol Q,1111,/-;

}.lor : , b·1 'I ,, / , b,·"I_,,


' le m' r 'a" I<'.. O f (Y)c, 1 0 du T'0

her (b '"ti') hir ->onaG Ver111,..~bi//r, (su cLrvMJ,,. h,'+-


I /.. 'I
Tcrv. kob-J

4 - ,,,.. 1:t --- 4o -= f t.J


3 - - --
1
1
1
1

- o:+------- 2.0'--~

( As .P. lx) = 3+ so~;µ verrr


x-) 2-t-
Sonv4 tab.JI ededl-)
• R_;(VI -Ptx)= ( AJtnck .P;,..,,, f (x)-.: ve,-,y om, .....
)(-) 2.- x~2 - ·~
-l-cro

@ '<j-ekr,,,r.Je.lJ 6cr Sc.t)''Ja d\c

l, lJ: er 4'erd.-<> &,, 1-<,r r.e4.,'/Je..- ';:\--e brr ':P


'J " den
0
k:/c, ! rn" f1<> SofcJCfJ .. a defQ<-Jr,-,.
Lil-{ir

gir P- (R nok_/os,nJr, rofch


1
---.
b h
jr
+ IJ.-e_ r() -
er,'
l 1 IJ

d : r \le.. Saf , 5o I :-f/e,1() ,'.(. 0 / el\ d'{"'. 'NL f- ( 11/u:'j


0
OftJ '-'rJ

~}N\rf dQfe,-l

N O1 ·sc..rdCI\ v..e_ .sold01 t-Mr+ ~ovr<N71 brb1"<.,


l..~q-{n\ .. Sof cJCI\. .sc/d /- b;,- 11~ ,f
beJ.-r ler!M toV(C/\'I 6·, ..e:rr1{. dere
+ur/''/) eder-
Ci .; S f-er:rw, : L f;/\ Ver/1 1
-tkuJ 0
/c:n,k__ c, s b; ~cJ.c
1
ediltr.

P{x)= L cdvr...
-,(.-)o

L~ - -- -9 ( (( ~Ç(,-:)
b ____ _.1
1
1

f)r/leld( re r,·J:,:
ald,f' defer ,'~ .l Mt
1
+ ol<f0l'() f/\ ol~,
d chV\o be,k (Y\(, +-
4) "~ Fo(lk.3;~ °" i /i r~isi
-
L;""; -l- \Je l,s.'J 1:.ou n, k-fu, oU,
I
OÔ il , ,
c:a r:.. F o (l ct1vn m l
u'k.rtl\c¼, t:>....t tMr
qön, olduf' dUIU'V\/crd"' fcr/J, ddu fü lcrJ"'
rne.u~0

--- - --<r-<>----,f '<l =f


1 1
1
1
1

® · fl; M
x-"> 1
Ç = Lfo ~r cneqk_ P(1) = i meuc~.A+..r·

© x.-) - { f =-1 cflcC(l i,{) mevwf-


a

@ P.~ +'r,.-b - C71cal -Pf-2) =-2 olup .Pcrl/,J


10

x-)1.

hc,r 6-r f'crco l "'~ fo,,,.. 1:,_ P, 1.., J<t / O/l b t/011
D~~' i €j dfr Bu e lJ..~ o
ler~c. M r+ \JL darf\'lc,, \)
@ V6 nok.t~,lcrdc.. VC/So Sof S<J-e

l ' rv. .ç(x:} 2 w__ -& flx.1 = - 2


~~3- X~-JI"

( &, ilau Pc;IJI kc,'1 Oo k.lud.. le, lJ\ r /t r-1-r,--, fS ; \,._,,cJ.,


~Efs Verc/,'k..)
© l-ler reel
k_ J c- lQ.. "
X-)o.

o ute.re. rlx) e.,,(Vt T


,)
\fi ( ~f -,<:/)(YI Q 1°)
fVI =" ~ -l G o

y(-)Q

O//"Y!Ql_ u~
( Dc.11""'" S\i 1-

@ C\t: 1 + olmql u~
"&) = [ ç{_x)] (\
x-,c....
@ f J/°"-' a- /dos,ndc. 1,,,., ! me,.,eu+ o / .

" - +-ek clofo/ ,•~

·v Plx) == v ç lxJ

NoT ,;iL_ dt ..rorv surv'dur


Jq:M<::J olvfrucJ..,r
do 1
/V\C le s1b~01 ol:::r~k Wrr-+kl.
fJ) 8;/eT4
.P lx l = b ¼.. f; lx) = c. o r &ufl •
x~b
( r D f )l)(l= i ·(\11 f cP c
>(-) ô )( ~ c

olur: b(b}=C. ,,k

y
of) (x) ;:
O
l X-tG
.ç b<)) = c

.l· iV' Plx) = .L•rv- 2.+-LX-~ =- .L


x~3 x4~
X=j_ ,c..,n
h~ r (;<) ==- x-, t
)(-1~

~lrv '-iot) (J<) =< .i. bulv{\vr>


)/---)J

V = j_ o)dw {vJ~

(fat)(x) f, ( Çb<)) =
i.-0 b
iY o I ' e.,- °"-''1 t roff,, ,:, ndel,; la o

I'\ o ld--u (cr-e, k r•+:1... f\o k_ f.c.. d ;,-, L na lfuf Sc, f d o1

e.,""-
1
1/\«J'1JY<(__ s .' 'i"P' /1 E fer crqsi,r,ICA !',ok.

-t-.,, el
{

r /.Je_ f..on l, / h""r--1-i t,, /'-j 0/\-, l\..n o /\o u de., L.)

'f\t_, e. r -l-kr::.

___ 1-.-f-~b--::- \.-;::X


Q

ok. , s,o,r(c,r, ""' 1+ql


NOT , Por~ c.{!, p.,/\ Ls/0 CM) le___ n

derer- s l1 OAufl hl',\,/-; ô IIA 1/4e,, u +/


lu, k. no 4.,-/t., Mvt la f 11
; s r ::J epe/) ol'lerd,- ro
@ F ;./;
Pl:lrt; el, J.'/Jc,-f
S,",dodoW ~~et'( b ·r:/\,'O s 0
r ve, ;~

d"fer cll;ek, f/4s ,


'j~c 'j Q.r rf"\€. 'dq 1

-
o x: : -3 ve.. X=- b-r-l- o kJC-1 o/ f'"'de-, k rt10!).,n co
f\o kJ-c. de.lv d{fe 1-f- d 0'(1--<... e 'it f-/-,·
f'1

Çf-1)=-Y olvr ~VY\ fL'i>=--'1


-'3
l1 { 1 l ==- 6 o lvp --l)r-,. f l><J =
}(-) ,5
-lxlx

.___'I,~ )( O /\ o /-c,r, JX J ,' ~od,_ •: {c,;{\ Lrr-h'I,_ /\O lb oR,,p S..,).

<y ~/Vl.,t X=o+ ,·c.: n fxl-=K \.lt' X-=o- ,·~:n

.t,~ 1i 1 - ,l 1
,__ ;: J._
x-Ju + X - x-)o+ x '-.
/
* ol<f' X =8
,
~iWf- if°/.Jur
l x1 _ ,e//'V\ -_!__ == -1
t',...,,... X - x..:JO -
x-10-

Nor : Mutlak_ cJrerh Pal)ls:...,u/\ ôö I'\( pcrGcL


mu+bf r' >tf, r '-1<:fb' c/'(fer b., r7cr:.,at St ("() el, r, 0-
N?fi (\ j I I: { X J X) o
X o ,/ -X=O
-x I j.t.O
JJ o T.. ' :f ere, ,/,r./01 nol,Jc. l. 110 id<, 6-, /Jock.
lwt't w. L 1cc,Vtu\< 1..-. o~ n I rn,( 1foc;k cJ,,,

r1 x,J x t._ 2.
ç(x) -= 1x-~ J X ) 2..

X = Çj la:-h•k., (\okf.c. ohf:/d,'r O h0~ j

.. ÇcxJ p(ç )_::;-"') x-~ == i-


x-3,
)( {;-J '5 k t'\clkJ.... Ja,tcl.~r: D I~:.
-l;r---, P1.x)-=- froJ =J 7-1- = o

(,d == \ X - 41 '
ly.'f\

x= 2 t'1ôk_~ cl?f-'ld.rr1 O
Q·/"y\ I X- 2, 1 == f (2) =) (1·"""" 1 .x-Y' = 'L.
)('. --1 '\....

x = -2 /u:t{lt. (\öldc dv:ld:r o ~,~J


I x-4 l -= f l-c) =) 1x- ~1 = b
x -)-2.
(@) Tr: f""-mJ.r:lL ~lt \"iun\u,n L'Mrt-,·
J,-; f O
()0(1'e_ k__ -f._,,,k. S''1ol\ len11 ../.Jm.'-/-; il C( f- I
rn 1, o /Ju f..;
nalt_ta lo--c.. J \.VL tD ~n ks 1-

o Jd'f""'v 6.JIU"l(YIC/Y(JL b+onjo.f


.s o<'~ t~, 1 k.:::- 2n-t-l u.t.. o(~ LiT; k_=~ olocqk >eL·/~ f;·Mff
def er.Pe.Ft me.u c..v+fvr
t-U\ x' - C.Q t ,>(
S,'I\ 1 +coJ'i

)(=lL i~:n bb r'-icn/cY' ~clll


3

iv:+: l f\ö k.tc. 8:,-- O h:> fek ~" ks,''i M defertN.., e r,4-f:P

+-Q\ t - QI> +Jl =-


-t-c/lJl _ co+ Tf
J '3 :=-
__
Y3 ==
2
:::.
x +c..oJ X (5 +-( 3+6
J
4- CP I J[
'.J ~+-l -z...

""oT : A Sof JoQ Ôo kla r,f'r\, jCf


.J-rvort~0-- '--( ol\ 1er-, t1 rcrd: ô i :J ,r
(1t )- =) L b~\~

rol
fIT___ +-----:0
l) ').
JIL bol,eJL
1
/ - "X-= CDS 'f.-

Vf-S.'l\'1."I- -:::: :::: lcc>)( \ O hq/Jv


f - 1... f... , -=- I< o J )(_ l ::: i 'r-,,. c:..o J =- J_ k,l.;/\..J,,
'/.~1T+- c..oJX
(D)
......,.,..
•/. ,, Joau

QQ J a "e,j b'r .jh,, i !•M+ O\ n,r \w, h,_,,,. 10


h,,, J.,.,
P~da'\\I'\ olu'-lorjc b., s,·~l'L Varcl,r
t{ ock__ 1
)e.,

t o
k_ dur....v\'\u

NOT orfodcn jolv O~l(IV'O

,• P~ b.'rhf<4 ik.-
\lL fU'~ 50(\~ e(ole ecl,'I;~ ~c.rpO\lo--o- 6', e,d.-<.,
vcrd\r; 6-_; i,-IQA'\ Ö~ ( rQs~J ub)

dPf
x2- Lr
X-2

_Q r
be.,{: .5;{)../.1<. dt.r~ vcrcl,n
x-2 o

Pc.<j dol· ; fcol;., /ere..


"fx-...2.,) ( x~2.) = 6...Av\...r-
-~

fi) CJ.'::fnl,nc(), V(!_ ,foc~lv- Soclel~?!c'


'ie.hTk di ru tir G 1(/'c., o/~ ku ltd) t !
t(V\ )(-2.
x-'J 2 1- !-t--1-

x-2 .2-2. =- o
1-fa--1 1- 'O

-i ( 1 {H ) ~ \-AJr
lx-2) ( 1-t /x-1 ) ::: + t -i = -2.
(~-r;=.)

@ Pc.j ~eh ,'k!/\G ckreCLdv, blc.. vcr.sc. o ,·{c.~rf\


,k GO"f"f b:dQrSGl.- o---U

c....'!,~ .Q.•,_,_ "rz - == :: o bJ.·~;~l,l vcrd,r.


)(-)~ '{i: _b{i 1-~ C

d~brflM e..kokv EJ..oll.(2 1 1, lo) = 6 old~rc/o(l 'i-= t ckfrb


1
\/~J Liefc:L"", )(-) i. t- oloc~ {J,,, L:m.+ -f
f ;,rc. '10 1o.G.--,,.,
'-{{f, -,~ =- ~M f; - -~/ ==- o be,/;,r:). l,·f e.J:z:1ur
t {1. - t t>

fJ r /ok JoA~ -J.


1.; rv. t. U- t -z. J -=- R..:rv. t: t-1-0 U++) = - 2 ~A~r
t_-;>~ (:. t ~-1) 4:-)1 t ~)

@ i 1,.,J.,, l:.ö l dere~s! d.,,-,a_ e.bl Iu oQ. /\ <ro k, d!if,Is,,,


~//"(\(~ \le t~ ros 0
i
\~ 1 -
r DiL
n.l"
F'(?
O 1
o~l
f\r<"+e.1- ôk1eJt lJv- 'il CA.l (YCJ
l , _, , ., l l<O ld 1,r>
,
•() ).,' (Y\

x-)0
e,oJli-..L
"51'/'\)(
~d,-,?

c..
1.;rv,
:,(-:j ..o
CPSL)( -{

s:"~
.::. c..os o -i.
=Q
b
belrrl :11 ~r v~,r

,~,
et:>s l.x =- i-
k.ul '°''1 ,r.rc

-= R.;rv- - 2.s,'n'Z. x _ -2 'J( =0


s;n 'A )(--iO

@ TrrJo"orvw/r<L :tocJe/~ Vcr.S'4

\1 c.. krc:,l $o ek I(' ,Ç l'N!. '-1 ue, .So"'-'t., h, !vl\v r,


l.J

"f~ndalo cJ.'l dü=tle,wf\cl,u D ()o klo.) '


O b;c-iN) 41?,jrek CtQ../Vl~ +efel--Jrr
2
n ,,..,.
Ju, .. ·
IRöl So(\.)e,u
?
'/..-'>o Io A I • I t 1

ll?tl= l-c.us-t.
C<>.J)(:

/Aôl 2 .ti-v, 'S.i"t j.. 1:rv. :StC\'l i.. \ ~" l-co.iL}(j


::. -=
~-CD~
loAI. / Btl C..O.)~. f-<.u.J,(
C.o

= ,l,.,,,.._ ~) (l+r..os,t) = 2 bJ. ~-l--.


~-4.0

@ G..,mJ,.,k. Son,I..de ,.,,._lcl,._, uk./l loi<.lc,-- /,_ o k,l ;f.,J......


ed ,'lir ue -tr1f /\o~ k. 0
or~odc-
r,
54rz.,t;ll.lJLi k.. \'/. 99 So&lf J
_
_@ ' AC.. fi2.. o l1>n/,_ .'.,terr- f, A-) iP__ Poo ve,-,/ • aeA
O}/nc:J l u
f (x) = t {o)
:,(-)q

Oluyor Jc, Ç_~k.stiOI\-J Q- SÜ re.lJr J,r c/<21\;r>

@ hv- f\D!Jd, sjnlJ:olrr ~ f pol-nO'Vl/C/do J,r.v+


\Le.. Qv"' -r~ol,·,.,
® l,cJ brn=r ol~l
(pC)(}-=1:-0)
f-&<.J
i [L_ h(..c), ifl ..fc-f (x) =,0 c1<2rerl~r~ \J~ lf'

NoT: A c//2. 0
l~k.. f, A-----> a t-A
f-fo11k_s,'jo11.... o/mc,s1

(\ o k. +o -5\nob f--R,n ,1Y11A ol"'° /,c110


2~ )(.::-c (1o f-f cJ/1 k_ S,'<jOflJ\<..t1 o/rro/d,r:
] ~=o no nele. l~s: t N'lt°h' ue e'?"'} D 1 f{ -

Noi A c. fQ. olmal ule.re_ P: A-~fQ.. verr/Jrn . H<?.r Q 6 4


i f -f dl ,·~ -P- lu,t'ioN A- kur(lLSt u}errnJv
-4--------,x

r- her nokJ.o:k-
w.. ckf?II fonL l.•M Plx) ==- b olcl~f11
e,}.tFf'D- D 1--.o,/~
btJJ fQ_ ~(Y\eS/ol/r ~ .5urelU
el\ r Cft:{_bl {Q_- {o)

h ..___ _
1
r
C. - - -1'---
1

~=f(,J --t' ·f:W


~ - - .!..--- -~ .,( )(
Q

_ç. _ ~o(l k..s q


( a) =- b i X =o no
n/\dQ -lrv.r-l-: ~,:,IJ-.._r, .l'r... t{x}-= b olur>
1
x~c
/Ju durvMck O rp lc/L. -f-Fc,I\k;> ,1~n sureklt
sJrellt o IJ.f el\ {R/1, l oro
1

old..,fv
{l_-)a)
e{\ f<Vl:'j" cro-~k.... fQ- fa. 1
d,·r
A C. utU'l- r A-) IT2 k..&'jO(\J ISffl. o ~A ol~ Ü~

• t ·N\ Plx)= f(q) i S-L f X= a Sc(-d(/l


)(-) o+

• .t·,_ t<t)=- f'la)

YO"lcbkr ~fh(tkt-<- [·1,3]


!rutrf
Jur. .mdc. s~rJJ I o/df e/\

' t t crq /, f' b->l..ll\.>'}--


1-=--__ ~x
-=------:::1-------
-, o 3

.t•,.,.. Çt,,d:: Pl-t) -:.2. 'I= -f I olL sofc'cn


>(-) - i+

L·rv-- P(,c) == 5 P.(3)=.i olcl1f~ Sold~ s~rdJ: dQ["/Jx-:


)(~ s-
g..., f-~nlc.~,-1~ s,jre/J: o/d.J~~ a-.. JI,.._ [- 1, 3) b.,I~~

Jc; J r k.stjoll.J '/.. =- ~ (a) su r~I: j U:'...,


(f o~)
~.>(\ LJr1of\,# de X.:o r'\0k
o ve. b fert:tl sua,lcr Ll t~ I fefG/l,f_, I
.S°lJJ er
•'lMf~
LI r"'-'

s.j~J olen bf,.- .P-io(llst;ol).J


'2.
X -4 J )( Q

) Ol.t.i.b

1- J x.) b

6,~r"Yl.Yck. &,_,na. f tJfll- a+b ~ ·r?

rt b 1-1°ru
0 olJ.f,J..,._ s,o,~lc,, ole/\ X="
J/ w.. X=b noltroro'od~
1
X: Q 1

a2-s~+'1 ~o
( -4)l G -~) .= Ô

I Q ::: l q = 4 { 5Cf'CNIC,'l.) .

.l·rv- S-,( - == .Q.·,_... 1- = .Ç ( b) -:;-, b - ) = '+ ,·s-e, [b=1 J bJ.


x:~ x-') b +

© Bu ,A 121:' "'A
~' le t.AT ! ! !

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