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    Ryan International School, Ghaziabad People As Resource Class-Ix (Economics) Ncert Question and Answer

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    Ryan International School, Ghaziabad People As Resource Class-Ix (Economics) Ncert Question and Answer

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    5 views6 pages

    Ryan International School, Ghaziabad People As Resource Class-Ix (Economics) Ncert Question and Answer

    Uploaded by

    tyagideepika71

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 6

    RYAN INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL, GHAZIABAD

    PEOPLE AS RESOURCE
    CLASS- IX (ECONOMICS)
    NCERT QUESTION AND ANSWER

    Q.1. What do you understand by ‘people as a resource’?

    Ans ‘People as a resource’ is a way of referring to a country’s working people in


    terms of their existing productive skills and abilities.

    Q.2. How is human resource different from other resources like land and
    physical capital?

    Ans Human resource is different from other resources through following ways-

     Human resource refers to a country’s working people whereas land is a


    natural resource.
     Physical capital consists of variety of inputs required at every stage during
    production i.e., tools, machines, raw materials and money in hand.
     Human capital is superior to other resources like land and physical capital
    because human resource can make use of land and capital. Land and capital
    cannot become useful on its own.

    Q.3. What is the role of education in human capital formation?

    Ans The role of education in human capital formation is very important as


    mentioned below:

     Educated people earn more than the uneducated.


     Literate population is an asset
     It leads to higher productivity.
     It opens new horizon for the person.
     It provides new aspirations and develops values of life.
     Education contributes towards the growth of society.
     It enhances the national income, cultural richness and increases the
    efficiency of governance.
     The advantages of a more educated population spreads to those also who
    themselves are not directly educated.

    Q.4. What is the role of health in human capital formation?

    Ans The role of health in human capital formation is as mentioned below:

     Healthier people have higher productivity because the health of a person


    helps him to realize his potential and the ability to fight illness. On the
    other hand an unhealthy person becomes a liability for an organization.
     Health improves the quality of life. A healthy person can do his work
    properly and efficiently. A healthy person makes greater contribution to
    society than an unhealthy person.
     Good health helps the individual to earn more because he can work
    regularly without any break or leave.
     Society also gains in indirect ways from the healthier people. Healthy
    people are a productive asset. Their productivity adds to the growth of the
    economy.

    Q. 5 What part does health play in the individual’s working life?

    Ans Health plays a significant role in the individual’s working life as a healthier
    person can work hard.

     He can do more work than an unhealthier person who does not work
    regularly and remains on leave due to sickness.
     He earns more due to his hard and regular work. Thus they become a
    productive asset in the factory or an organization.
     The productivity of healthier individuals adds to the growth of the
    economy.

    Q. 6 What are the various activities undertaken in the primary sector, secondary
    sector and tertiary sector?

    Ans. Various activities undertaken in different sectors are as follows:


     PRIMARY SECTOR – Agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, fishing, poultry
    farming and mining.
     SECONDARY SECTOR – Quarrying and manufacturing
     TERTIARY SECTOR – Trade, transport, communication, banking, education,
    health, tourism, services, insurance etc.

    Q.7. What is the difference between economic activities and non-economic


    activities?

    Ans. ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES – All the activities that give people an income are
    called economic activities. These activities add value to the national
    income. Economic activities are also called as market activities.

    NON-ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES – There are many activities, which do not give


    any income in return. They are called non-economic activities eg.
    upbringing of the family by women. Women are not paid for their service
    delivered in the family. Their work is not accounted in the national income
    which is a sum total of goods and services produced in a country.

    Q.8 Why are women employed in low paid work?

    Ans Education and skill are the major determinants of the earning of any
    individual in the market. A majority of the women have meager education
    and low skill formation. So, most women are paid low as compared to men.
    They work where job security is not there. Various activities relating to legal
    protection is meager. All these factors lead to their irregular and low
    income.

    Q.9. How will you explain the term unemployment?

    Ans A situation in which a section of people, who are able and willing to work
    but do not find gainful work is referred to as unemployment.

    Q.10. What is the difference between disguised unemployment and seasonal


    unemployment?
    Ans DISGUISED UNEMPLOYMENT – In this case, people appear to be employed.
    They have agricultural plot where they find work. But actually more people
    are engaged than the required ones. The people who are actually engaged
    appear to be employed but are not fully employed. In such cases, even if
    the surplus labourers are removed from work, production does not suffer.
    The surplus people are disguisedly employed. This usually happens among
    family members engaged in agricultural activity in rural India. The whole
    family contributes in the field even though not everybody is really needed.

    SEASONAL UNEMPLOYMENT – It happens when people are not able to find


    jobs during some months of the year. People dependent upon agriculture
    usually face such kind of problem. There are certain busy seasons when
    sowing, harvesting, weeding, threshing is done. Certain months do not
    provide much work to the people dependent on agriculture.

    Q.11 Why is educated unemployed, a peculiar problem in India?

    Ans The educated unemployed has become a peculiar problem in India because
    they are not able to find jobs. A study showed that unemployment of
    graduate and post-graduated has increased faster than among
    matriculates. A paradoxical manpower situation is witnessed as surplus of
    manpower in certain categories coexist with shortage of manpower in
    others. There is unemployment among technically qualified person on one
    hand, while there is a dearth of technical skills required for economic
    growth. Thus, educated unemployed is a peculiar problem in India.

    Q.12 In which field do you think India can build the maximum employment
    opportunity?

    Ans In 1999-2000, the percentage of persons engaged in various sectors was as


    follows-

     Primary sector – 60%


     Secondary sector – 1%
     Tertiary sector – 23%
    There is no further scope for employment in the primary sector as there is already
    disguised unemployment.

    In the secondary sector, small scale manufacturing is the most


    labour-absorbing. There is scope in this sector for maximum employment
    opportunity. The government should come forward and grant all types of
    assistance to people to setup small manufacturing units.

    In case of tertiary sector, various new services – biotechnology,


    information technology etc are appearing and there will be scope for further
    employment opportunities.

    Q.13. Can you suggest some measures in the education system to mitigate the
    problem of the educated unemployed?

    Ans Some of the measures are as follows-

     To introduce more vocational courses at the school level.


     To initiate programme for skill development and entrepreneurial
    development.
     To provide low cost capital to small and self-employed educated persons.
     To set up more Industrial Training Institutes, Vocational colleges and other
    institutes
     Restructuring and reorientation of vocational courses.

    Q.14. Can you imagine some village which initially had no job opportunities but
    later came up with many?

    Ans In many villages in India we find school, college, government dispensary


    and private doctors. There are various shops in the villages. The employment
    opportunities have increased in many villages. The children get education in
    school and colleges in their own village or nearby towns. Now-a-days, the village
    people are using various kinds of scientific machines and other tools in cultivation.
    Villagers do not go to towns for their requirements because most of the
    requirements are fulfilled in the village itself. Thus in many villages, the job
    opportunities have increased but still with the increase in population, people
    migrate to town for better employment opportunities.

    Q.15. Which capital would you consider the best – land, labour, physical capital
    and human capital? Why?

    Ans Human capital is the best capital because it can make use of the land,
    labour and physical capital. The other factors cannot become useful on their own.
    The knowledge and enterprise (human capital) put together land, labour and
    physical capital can produce an output either for himself or to sell in the market.

    Quality of
    life is
    affected

    Human People
    Economic
    resource turn out
    overload
    gets to be a
    increases
    wasted liability

    Increases
    poverty

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