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    Introduction To Database Management Systems 1

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    Introduction To Database Management Systems 1

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    ashish gupta
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    Introduction to Database Management Systems 1

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    3 views8 pages

    Introduction To Database Management Systems 1

    Uploaded by

    ashish gupta
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    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 8

    Introduction to

    Database
    Management
    Systems
    Database management systems (DBMS) are software applications that
    enable efficient storage, retrieval, and management of data. They organize
    data into structured formats for easy access, analysis, and reporting.
    Characteristics of
    Database Approach
    1 Data Independence 2 Controlled
    Redundancy
    Data is stored separately
    from the application, Reduces inconsistencies and
    allowing changes to one ensures data integrity by
    without affecting the other. minimizing duplicate data.

    3 Data Integrity 4 Efficient Access


    Maintains the accuracy and Provides optimized methods
    consistency of data through for retrieving and
    constraints and validation manipulating data,
    rules. improving performance.
    Components of a Database Management
    System (DBMS)
    User Interface Data Dictionary Query Processor

    Allows users to interact with the DBMS, Stores metadata about the database Interprets and executes user queries,
    providing tools for data entry, retrieval, structure, including data types, retrieving data and performing
    and modification. relationships, and constraints. operations as requested.
    Data Models
    Relational Model Hierarchical Model
    Organizes data into tables with Represents data as a tree-like
    rows and columns, using structure, with a parent-child
    relationships between tables to relationship between data
    represent data connections. elements.

    Network Model
    Allows more complex relationships than the hierarchical model,
    permitting multiple parent-child connections.
    Database System
    Architecture
    1 User Interface
    Provides tools for users to interact with the DBMS, allowing
    data access and management.

    2 Database Engine
    Core component responsible for managing data,
    processing queries, and ensuring data integrity.

    3 Data Storage
    Physical storage mechanisms used to store database files
    and data, including disks, tapes, or cloud services.

    4 Operating System
    Provides the platform on which the DBMS runs, managing
    resources and communication between the system and the
    database.
    Three Schema Architecture
    Schema Level Description

    External Schema Represents the user's view of the data, tailored to specific
    user needs and applications.

    Conceptual Schema Defines the overall structure of the database, capturing the
    meaning and relationships between data elements.

    Internal Schema Describes the physical storage structure of the database,


    including data organization, indexing, and file formats.
    File System Approach vs.
    Database System
    Approach
    File System Approach
    1 Data is stored in separate files, often with limited structure
    and relationships.

    Database System Approach


    Data is organized into tables, with defined relationships and
    2
    constraints, providing a structured and consistent data
    management model.
    Conclusion
    Database management systems are essential for modern data
    management, enabling efficient data storage, retrieval, and analysis.
    Understanding the principles of database systems is crucial for
    professionals working with data in various industries.

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