Week 2
Week 2
Week 2
PRACTICAL RESEARCH 2
Guided Learning Activity Kit
Research Instruments & Data
Collection
Quarter 2- Week 2
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Practical Research 2 – Grade 12
Guided Learning Activity Kit
Research Instruments and Data Collection
Quarter 2- Week 2
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Introduction
Welcome to the second week Quarter 2 of Practical Research 2! For this Guided
Learning Activity Kit (GLAK), you are going to study about quantitative research
instruments and data collection procedure. Specifically, this GLAK will discuss the
most common types of research instruments, how to establish reliability and validity,
and the process you must undergo when you started in your data collection
procedure. Happy Researching!
Learning Competency
Objectives
At the end of this Guided Learning Activity Kit, you are expected to:
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1. write research instrument appropriate on the given study; 2.
identify ways to make the instrument reliable and valid; and
3. create a plan on how to collect needed data.
Review
Have a quick look at your research output and see which parts of the research
paper are yet to be written. Remember that by this time, you should have already
completed the first chapter. Seek the help of your research teacher if you are lagging
and need further guidance.
Here are the parts for your reference:
Discussion
• These are tools used in data collection procedure that will aid the researcher
in answering his/her research questions.
• It is important that the content of the research instrument must be consistent
to the research questions.
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• If the instrument is researcher-made, it must undergo a test for validity and
reliability.
• If the instrument is adopted, meaning the researcher used an instrument
crafted by other researchers nearly verbatim (meaning word for word), then
the description of the instrument must be included.
• If the instrument is adapted, meaning the researcher changed some parts of
an instrument crafted by other researchers, then it must undergo validation
again.
A. Yes or No Type
Example: Do you agree that research is needed in our everyday lives?
B. Recognition Type
Example: Which of the following do you consider when renting a house?
_____ distance
_____ monthly rent
_____ floor area
_____ others, please specify
C. Coding Type
I participate in various extra-curricular activities in school.
______4 Always
______3 Often
______2 Seldom ______1
Never
D. Completion Type
When I hear the word ‘research’, I feel _____________________.
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E. Subjective Type
How do you feel every time you receive your module for the week?
F. Combination Type
(Combination of the different types of questions in a questionnaire)
The Researcher
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PART I. PROFILE OF THE RESPONDENTS
A. Age
____ 15 – 20 ____ 31 – 35 ____ 46 – 50 ____ 61 – 65
____ 21 – 25 ____ 36 – 40 ____ 51 – 55
____ 26 – 30 ____ 41 – 45 ____ 56 – 60
B. Gender
____ Male ____ Female _____ LGBTQ
C. Net Proceeds
_____ 6,000 – 10,000 _____ 21,000 – 25,000 _____ 36,000 – 40,000
_____ 11,000 – 15,000 _____ 26,000 – 30,000 _____ 41,000 – 45,000
_____ 16,000 – 20,000 _____ 31,000 – 35,000 _____ 46,000 – 50,000
D. Position
_____ Teacher I _____ Teacher III _____ Master Teacher II
_____ Teacher II _____ Master Teacher I
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PART II. WHAT IS/ARE THE THING/S THAT YOU EXPERIENCE THAT YOU ATTRIBUTE WITH
STRESS? (Check all that applies.)
PART III. WHAT IS THE LEVEL OF STRESS THAT YOU EXPERIENCE ON THE FOLLOWING
VARIABLES? (Tick the column that corresponds to your answer.)
PART IV. WHAT ARE THE OTHER SOURCES OF STRESS THAT YOU EXPERIENCE IN TEACHING?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Sample questionnaire 2.
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SAN ANTONIO NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
STUDENT – ATHLETE’S PARTICIPATION TOWARDS SCHOOL’S SUPPORT IN SPORT-RELATED ACTIVITIES Rexie Rose R.
Gamboa, Ziehra E. Dela Cruz, Researchers
How do you describe the support given to student – athletes like you? Read the statements below and rate
using this scale:
1 – Strongly Agree (SA) 2 – Agree (A) 3 – Neutral (N) 4 – Disagree (DA) 5 – Strongly Disagree (SD)
How does the school help you manage your time between academics and training?
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
5) ____________________________________________________________________________________
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Sample questionnaire 3.
Pedagogical Discontentment Checklist
UNVEILING SECONDARY ENGLISH TEACHERS’ PEDAGOGICAL DISCONTENTMENT
GROUNDED ON SATISFACTION THEORY
BRYAN JESTER BALMEO, Researcher
Directions. The following are the general characteristics of a teacher who is experiencing
pedagogical discontentment (PD). PD is a state of cognitive conflict that exists when a
teacher recognizes a mismatch between her/his teaching pedagogical goals and
classroom practices (expectations versus results). It is a teacher’s behavioral response to
her evaluation of the effectiveness of her existing teaching practices and goals.
Kindly check the item that is applicable to you using the following scale:
5 - No Discontentment
4 - Very Low Discontentment
3 - Low Discontentment
2 - High Discontentment
1 - Very High Discontentment
No. NORMS 5 4 3 2 1
1 Teaching English to students of a lower academic achievement.
2 Teaching English to students of a higher academic achievement.
3 Balancing personal English teaching goals with those
requirements, standards, goals set out by the Department of
Education.
4 Monitoring students understanding through authentic
assessments.
5 Including all ability-levels during teaching and learning.
6 Orchestrating a balance between the needs of both high and low
ability level students.
7 Preparing students to assume new roles as learners within explicit
learning.
8 Usingexplicit instruction within all content areas.
9 Assessing students’ understandings from explicit instruction.
10 Assessing students’ nature of the English language
understandings.
11 Teaching English to students from economically disadvantaged
background.
12 Planning and using authentic forms of assessment.
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13 Having sufficient English content knowledge to generate lessons.
14 Teaching English subject matter that is unfamiliar to me.
15 Integrating the nature of the English language throughout the
curriculum.
16 Having sufficient English content knowledge to generate lessons.
17 Using assessment practices to modify English teaching methods.
18 Developing strategies to teach the nature of English.
19 Ability to plan successful explicit instruction.
20 Balancing the depth versus breadth of English content being
taught.
Sample Test 1
PRE-TEST
ADVANCED ENGLISH 9
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A B C D 2. What is the difference between anonymity and confidentiality?
a. ethnography b. phenomenology
c. grounded theory d. case study
a. Probability b. Non-probability
c. Purposive d. Quota
a. Systematic b. Non-probability
c. Convenience d. Quota
A B C D 7. A sampling method which uses every nth element of the
population
a. Systematic b. Non-probability
c. Convenience d. Quota
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A B C D 8. It is a process of selecting respondents in which not all
members of the entire population are given a chance of being
selected as samples.
a. Probability b. Non-probability
c. Purposive d. Quota
A B C D 9. It is a material that provides first hand information.
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A 12. You are assigned to conduct a study but looking at the data,
B C D
the result will not come out the way you want to. What are you
going to do?
SIR/MADAM:
This is to request permission to conduct my study entitled: “name of study”.
The undersigned will use *insert research instrument to be used* in collecting
essential data for the study.
Participants of the study are *insert number of participants and place where
study will be conducted (research locale)*. Rest assured that the responses of the
participants will be held with utmost confidentiality. Further proper protocol and
ethical considerations in conducting this research will be strictly observed by the
undersigned.
Respectfully Yours,
Signature over Printed Name of Researcher/s
Noted:
NAME OF ADVISER/RESEARCH TEACHER
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Position of adviser/research teacher
Lesson 2. Validity and Reliability of Research Instrument
1. Face Validity
• It answers the question, “does the content of the test match the objectives
of the study?”
• It is an informal and subjective type of assessment and is the simplest and
easiest type of validity.
• The validator just skims the surface of the instrument to form an opinion.
• For example, you create a survey to measure the student’s study habits.
After browsing the survey, you realized it is a good representation of what
you want to test. Therefore, the instrument has high face validity.
2. Content Validity
• It answers the question, “does the test represent all aspects of the study?”
• It often includes people who are expert in the field or are familiar to the
topic being studied.
• For example, an English teacher constructs a summative test for the topic
discussed for the week which is parts of speech. If there were parts of
speech not included in the instrument or topics included in the test which
was not discussed, then the test does not represent the students’
understanding of the topic.
3. Criterion Validity
• It answers the question, “do the results of this instrument similar to the
result of a different test?”
• For example, a Filipino teacher constructs a new test to measure
student’s literacy skills. To assess the validity of the test, the teacher
finds an established test considered to be a valid measurement of
students’ literacy skills, let the same group of students take both tests,
and if results are very similar, then it means that the new test has a high
criterion validity.
4. Construct Validity
• It answers the question, “does the test represent what is intended to
measure?”
• For example, if there is a new phenomenon that occurred and there were
no existing tests to measure it, the researcher may choose to use a test
using current knowledge about the topic to answer identified questions.
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Reliability refers to how accurate and precise an instrument is.
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2. If there are two or more groups, state the similarities and differences (e.g.
identification of experimental and control groups).
3. Discuss the step-by-step procedure of the research study.
4. Also discuss the roles of the respondents in the study and the duration of
each task.
Lesson 4. Data Collection Procedure
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Activities
Guided Practice 1
Column A Column B
You may review the discussion part as you answer this exercise.
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Guided Practice 2
Directions: Fill each blank with the correct answer. Write the answers on your
paper.
1. ____________ answers the question, “does the content of the test matches the
objectives of the study?”
2. ____________ refers to the accuracy and precision of an instrument.
3. ____________ is a strategy, a combination of strategies, element, or a
combination of elements that are designed to produce changes.
4. ____________ is where the same test is conducted by different people.
5. ____________ answers the question, “does the test represent what is intended
to measure?”
You may review the discussion part as you answer this exercise.
Independent Practice
Directions: Compose one (1) question or statement for each type of questionnaire.
Write the answers on your paper.
1. Yes or No Type
2. Recognition Type
3. Coding Type
4. Completion Type
5. Subjective Type
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Assessment
Writing Time! Proceed on your research studies. Using the knowledge you have
gained from this Guided Learning Activity Kit, do the following tasks:
1. Write the following parts of your research output:
a. Instruments
b. Validation of Instruments
c. Data Gathering Procedure
2. Research Instrument
Instruments
The research instrument that will be used in this study is a survey
questionnaire. It will serve as a way of the researchers in determining the
respondents’ perceptio n towards the differences and similarities in the behavior
of students who were raised by grandparents and those who were raised by their
parents.
The survey questionnaire consists of three (3) parts: the respondent’s
profile, expected behaviors of children coded for respondents’ identification,
and an open-ended question.
Validation of Instruments
To ensure the reliability and validity of the instrument, validation will
be conducted through content validity. The instrument will be certified and
confirmed by the research teacher whereas standards for both researcher
and participants will be applied.
Pilot testing will be done before the distribution of questionnaires to the
respondents.
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securing the permission of the parents, the researcher will now distribute the
instrument through google form.
Reflection
Below are some reflection ideas that you may do. Choose two (2) depending on your
interest.
1. Film your 30-second to 1-minute reaction vlog about your realization in this
GLAK. Upload it in your account with the hashtag
#PracticalResearch2Q2Wk2.
2. Write 3 things that you have learned from this Guided Learning Activity Kit, 2
things which need further explanation, and 1 word to represent today’s
learning session. You may or may not explain your answers.
3. Assess your own work as if you are the teacher using 5-10 sentences.
4. Write a poem about the insights you have gained from this week’s lesson.
6. Find an appropriate Tiktok video that best describes your emotions with this
week’s lessons. Upload it in your account with the hashtag
#PracticalResearch2Q2Wk2.
8. Close your eyes. Breathe slowly. Say your reflections out loud. Verbalize
things you are grateful for. Smile. No evidence needed.
References
Aquino, Gaudencio. Essentials of Research & Thesis Writing. 1st ed. Quezon City:
Phoenix Publishing House, Inc., 2000.
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Arcenas, Myla. Applied Research: An Introduction to Quantitative Research Methods
and Report Writing. Quezon City: Phoenix Publishing House, Inc., 2006.
Baraceros, Esther. Practical Research 2: First Edition. Sampaloc, Manila: Rex Book
Store, 2016.
Barrot, Jessie. Practical Research 2 for Senior High School. Quezon City: C & E
Publishing, Inc., 2017.
Bueno, Dave. Practical Qualitative Research Writing. Quezon City: Great Books
Trading, 2016.
Bueno, Dave. Practical Quantitative Research Writing (for senior high school).
Mandaluyong City: Books Atbp. Publishing Corp., 2016.
Carey, Teresita, Naval, Victoria, and Prieto, Nelia. Practical Research for Senior High
School. Quezon City: Lorimar Publishing, Inc., 2017.
Cristobal, Amadeo and Dela Cruz – Cristobal, Maura Consolacion. Practical Research
for Senior High School. Quezon City: C & E Publishing, Inc., 2017.
Key to Corrections
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Acknowledgment
The Schools Division of Zambales would like to express its heartfelt gratitude
to the following, who in one way or the other, have contributed to the successful
preparation, development, quality assurance, printing, and distribution of the
Quarter 2 Guided Learning Activity Kits (GLAKs) in all learning areas across grade
levels as a response to providing the learners with developmentally-appropriate,
contextualized and simplified learning resources with most essential learning
competencies (MELCs)-based activities anchored on the principles of guided learning
and explicit instruction:
First, the Learning Resources (LR) Development Team composed of the writers
and graphic artists for devoting much of their time and exhausting their best efforts
to produce these indispensable learning kits used for the implementation of learning
delivery modalities.
Finally, the parents and other home learning facilitators for giving the learners
the needed guidance and support for them to possibly accomplish the tasks and for
gradually helping them become independent learners.
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To deliver learning continuity in this challenging circumstance would not be
possible without your collective effort and strong commitment to serving our
Zambaleño learners.
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SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL TRACKS
ACADEMIC TRACK
TECHNICAL-VOCATIONAL-
LIVELIHOOD (TVL) TRACK
SPORTS TRACK