RELIGIOUS EDUCATION 2044 SYLLABUS MADE SIMPLE

The entire Senior Secondary Religious Education course is done in three years. However, this material will help
you cover work in a short period of time because it has five selected topics to make one get a distinction. This
material attempts to answer questions 2, 4, 5, 7 and 9.

SECTION A: MAN IN A CHANGING SOCIETY

QUESTION 2: Leisure in a changing society

SECTION B: ORDER AND FREEDOM IN SOCIETY

QUESTION 4: Service in society

SECTION C: LIFE
QUESTION 5: Happiness

SECTION D: MAN AND WOMAN

QUESTION 7: Courtship and marriage

SECTION E: MAN’S RESPONSE TO GOD THROUGH FAITH AND LOVE

QUESTION 9: Man’s turning away from God

MAJOR THEME: MAN IN A CHANGING SOCIETY

SUB – THEME: LEISURE IN A CHANGING SOCIETY

What is leisure? Time that is spent doing what you enjoy when you are not working or studying.
PRESENT SITUATION
There are many leisure time activities today that did not exist in the past
Mention present- day leisure activities.
 Reading © Plaiting hair © Playing a guitar © Swimming © Dancing
 Conversation © Listening to the radio © Going for movies

List constructive activities you can do during your leisure time.

 Playing a guitar * Dancing * Wood Carving
 Playing Tennis * Painting * Drawing
 Speaking a new language

State unconstructive activities that make people misuse leisure time.

 Beer drinking © Fighting © Smoking
 Gossiping © Going to a night club

Describe problems that might arise from having abundant leisure time (having plenty of time to kill).
 Boredom – One runs out of constructive things to do, not having anything to do or anywhere to go.
 Money gets finished because it is spent without any plan.
 Abusing leisure time/ misusing leisure time –One engages in unconstructive activities, delinquency,
unlawful or immoral activities.
 Wasting leisure time- engaging in some activities that are unprofitable or activities that do not help gain
one’s self- realization / non- creative activities. Hence, one lacks imagination and creativity.
List Zambia’s natural resources we can use in our leisure time and explain how each can be enjoyed to
increase better attitudes to leisure
 Water: We can enjoy swimming, viewing waterfalls and water sport e. g angling, surfing, kayaking.
 Animals: They are put in game parks where people appreciate their varieties and the national heritage.
Visitors that came to view them bring foreign exchange and we also enjoy viewing them during our
leisure time.
 Trees: They provide human beings and animals with shade where they can rest and relax during leisure
time.
 Birds: They colour the universe with their beauty. They are put in the game parks to attract visitors who
pay to view them during leisure time.
 Minerals: Precious stones provide a beautiful appearance; they are good to look at as they glitter. They
are sold to earn the country foreign exchange.
 Flowers: Some flowers are very beautiful which are good to look at during leisure time.

LEISURE IN HINDUISM
Explain briefly what Holi means to a Hindu.
 It is a festival to welcome spring.
 The main feature of the festival is the sprinkling of coloured water on one another.
 It is practiced in Northern, Eastern and Central India.

State ideas that explain what Diwali is to Hindus.

 Diwali is the finest of all festivals
 Children look forward to such a festival
 Diwali celebrates the triumph of good over evil, light over darkness.
 Relatives, friends and neighbours give each other syrupy sweets.
 Fireworks and firecrackers are set off.
 Women prepare little clay lamps to light up around houses, along the streets and around the wells.

Explain how the festival of cattle gives leisure a religious meaning for Hindus.
 This festival celebrates the harvest.
 Cattle are honoured because man and animals work together to till the land.
 Bulls, cows and bullocks become the centre of attention.
 They are well fed, well washed and decorated with flowers as a sign of good luck.
 Their horns are painted in different colours such as gold, red, deep blue or orange.
 Bells are strung to their tips of horns.

Briefly give reasons why Hindu religious festivals are very important.
 They provide the village with entertainment.
 They provide reassurance against evil.
 They are occasions on which each caste asserts its place in the hierarchy (rank) of society.
 They provide piety.
 They make the village as a whole to assert its unity.
 They focus on important events in the lives of their gods.
 They are occasions when each caste celebrates its own festival.

LEISURE IN ISLAM
Explain how festivals give leisure a religious meaning for Muslims.
  PRAYER: A devout Muslim prays five times a day; in the morning, afternoon, late afternoon, after sunset
and before going to bed.
 PROPHET MUHAMMAD’S BIRTHDAY: This is one of the greatest festivals for thanksgiving to God for
Muhammad to show the world the “right path of living.” This is declared a public holiday.
 DEATH OF HUSSAIN: Mourning for the death of Hussain, the grandson of Muhammad who died in 661 is
a public holiday.
 FATIMA’S BIRTHDAY: Celebrating the birthday of Fatima, Muhammad’s daughter is declared a public
holiday.
 PRIVATE FESTIVALS: They are celebrated at birthday, circumcision and wedding of an individual.
 There is great celebration where a child has memorized the entire Quran.
 RAMADAN: The observation and celebration of Ramadan is considered important to every devout
Muslim.

State ideas about the meaning of Ramadan to a Muslim

 It occurs in the 9th month of the Muslim Lunar calendar.
 A faithful Muslim tries to feed a poor person daily during this period.
 The last ten days and nights are used for charity works.
 During Ramadan, one fasts from day break to sunset.
 There is no eating, no smoking, no drinking (even water) at all during Ramadan.
 After sunset one may break the fast and take part in public entertainment such as watching a shadow
play.
 Muslims believe that the Quran was revealed to Muhammad by God during this month.
 At the end of the Ramadan there is the Feast of Sacrifice.
 This feast commemorates the end of Muhammad’s pilgrimage from Mecca to Medina.

AFRICAN TRADITION
List traditional leisure activities and modern leisure activities
Traditional Activities Modern Activities
 Story telling © Going to discos
 Beer parties © Visiting game parks
 Wood carving © Reading a book
 Singing © Going for video
 Dancing © Listening to a radio
 Conversation
 Arts
 Crafts
 Sculpture
Briefly describe how ritual dances as leisure activity reflect life in traditional Zambia. (Elements of ritual
dances)
 Ritual dances celebrate the important events in life.
 They have a religious meaning.
 They are in the nature of prayer.
 They are religious and social.
 They remain unchanged.
 They make everyone aware of their sacred significance.
State elements of folk dances
 They are for entertainment and relaxation.  They are the expression of popular rejoicing.
  They change in fashion.

Explain briefly how traditional leisure activities were connected with the rest of life
 Proverbs communicate meaning and express wisdom needed to guide us in life.
 Our laughter, music and dancing are an expression of grace.
 Rhythm is the expression of the life-force with us; it is the illumination of our spirit. ( From K.K)
 It is symbolic both to our relationship with other people and all created things.
 Dancing reflects our sense of community and joy in life.
 All major life events are celebrated with music and dancing.
Give and contrast traditional attitudes towards leisure with present- day attitudes
 Traditional leisure can be done without money while modern is mainly done with money
 Traditional leisure involves nature while modern leisure involves modern equipment and technology.
 Traditional leisure is more communal than modern leisure which can be done individually.
 Traditional leisure is more creative than modern leisure which depends on someone else’s creativity.
 Traditional leisure needs active participation while modern leisure often promotes passive participation.

CHURCH HISTORY
Give Biblical attitudes and Stoic (Greek pagans) attitudes towards leisure
BIBLICAL VIEW STOIC VIEW
God gave them creation for their benefit Believe that the body is evil and should be punished
Life was to be enjoyed Pleasures are evil, no smiles, no tasty food, no
dancing, no jokes e.tc.
God gave man the world for the purpose of Punished the body and refrained from pleasures.
enjoyment.
Israelites celebrated feasts with prayer, songs, Must not give the body any pleasure because it will
dance, food and drink. weaken the will.
Jesus attended wedding feast and made wine at
the wedding.

Describe the idea of renunciation in the early church

 To renounce is to give up something, to say ‘no’ to it.
 There is the correct and incorrect notion of renunciation as practiced in the early church.
 The monks who lived in monasteries have a correct notion of renunciation.
 They gave up material comforts and pleasures of life.
 They freely chose life of poverty and simplicity.
 They renounced all these things in order to increase their love of God and serve him better.
 Some Christians in the early church had a wrong notion of renunciation.
 They believed that the body was not to be supported by material things.
 They believed a life of suffering and deprivation.
 They renounced all comforts and all material things.
 This was a wrong renunciation because they renounced things that were not sinful in themselves.

State the correct and wrong notions of renunciation as practiced in the early church.
Correct Notion Renunciation
 Enjoy fruits of creation as a way of appreciation to God.
 Renunciation to devout one’s time to God in prayer and work.
 Renouncing some material comforts and pleasure of this life to get closer to God.
  Live simple life or live in simple communities to have more time to think and pray to God.
 Replace material comforts and pleasures with prayer and works of mercy.

Wrong Notion of Renunciation

 The body is considered as a source of evil hence it must be punished.
 The body is not to be given any pleasures.
 No smiles, no dancing, no tasty food, no jokes
 Leading life of sadness and deprivation.
Explain briefly the church / Christian attitudes towards traditional leisure time activities.
Wrong Attitude
 Some early missionaries came to Zambia with a pagan view of creation and wrong concept of
renunciation.
 They misunderstood and condemned traditional activities as being sinful.
 They condemned most of the dances, songs and beer drinking because the body was being given too
much importance over the spirit.

Correct Attitude
 The church has appreciated and preserved Zambian cultures, traditions and customs.
 The church encourages good use of creation and discourages the misuse of it.
 The church looks at songs and dances as an expression of joy and relaxation in a hard life.
 The church is helping to create constructive leisure time activities for the youth by forming youth groups
such as BB, GB, so that the energy cannot be misdirected.

List the ways in which churches in Zambia are involved in creating leisure time activities for the young.
 The Boys Brigade is a church organization which teaches the young to discipline themselves, to be active
Christians and to involve themselves in society’s problems.
 There are weekly meetings for the young in which the bible is studied.
 Charitable works are planned.
 There are other youth groups that encourage teenagers channel their energies in the right direction
such as the Youth Christian Students, Youth Christian Workers, the Young Franciscans and church choirs.

List and describe briefly holidays in Zambia that give leisure time and relaxation to both young and old people
i. Christmas Day
 It is a religious day when Christians commemorate the birth of Jesus Christ
 It is held on 25th December and this day is declared a public holiday.
 On this day, people perform different church activities such as dramatizing the birth of
Jesus.
ii. Independence Day
 It is celebrated on 24th October, and the day is declared a public holiday.
 On this day both young and old people come together to celebrate through dances, songs,
poems e.t.c.
 People celebrate because this is when Zambia gained freedom from colonial rule.
iii. New Year’s Day
 It is celebrated on 1st January of each year.
 The day is declared a public holiday and people celebrate with resolutions for that year.
iv. Heroes Day: It is held during the first of July.

THE BIBLE - OLD TESTAMENT

Give the content of a passage from Ecclesiastes which shows the Jewish belief that leisure time activities have
a place in a person’s life. (Leisure time has a place in man/ Life is made up of opposites)
Everything that happens in this world happens at the time God chooses
He sets the time for birth and the time for death
The time for planting and the time for pulling up
The time for killing and the time for healing Ecclesiastes 3:1-8
The time for tearing down and the time for building
He sets the time for sorrow and the time for joy
The time for mourning and the time for dancing
The time for making love and the time for not making love
The time for kissing and the time for not kissing
He sets the time for finding and the time for losing
The time for saving and the time for throwing away
The time for tearing and the time for mending

Application or b ii
Mr Tembo is a civil servant working in Kalulushi District. Every day after knocking off, he likes working in his
garden. When friends invite him to go and relax with them he refuses, saying he has no time for that. What four
pieces of advice would you give Mr Tembo to show that relaxing is important in life?
 Life is made up of opposites and both must be respected.
 The world needs work to develop but leisure to recreate.
 Work with no play makes a tired and boring person.
 Work with no leisure makes the community difficult to develop,
 A person needs time for both work and leisure in order to have a balanced life and a positive thinking.

Give the content of a Bible passage which explains what Hebrews understood to be the true purpose of the
Sabbath. (Sabbath meant for prayers and rest / Keep the Sabbath holy)
 Observe the Sabbath and keep it holy
 I, the Lord your God have commanded you
 You have six days in which to do your work Deuteronomy 5:12-15
 But the seventh day is a day of rest dedicated to me.
 On that day no one is to work
 Neither you, your children, your slaves, your animals nor the foreigners who live in your country
 Your slaves must rest just as you do
 Remember that you were slaves in Egypt
 I, the Lord your God rescued you
 By my great power and strength
 That is why I command you to observe the Sabbath.

Application or b ii
Izukanji is a Security Guard at your company. He is required to work even on the Sabbath day whenever it is his
shift. He comes to complain to you that according to Biblical Law, it is a sin to work on the Sabbath and he is
supposed to enjoy his rest and prayer. As the owner of this company and a devoted Christian, give him four
concrete reasons why he should not worship and relax on that day.

Explain briefly how the Hebrew festivals gave leisure a religious meaning
I. Feast of Unleavened Bread – Exodus 34:18
 It was held at the beginning of the barley harvest.
  It commemorates the exodus of the Hebrews from Egypt to the Promised Land.
 It was connected with the angel of death ‘passing over’ Hebrew homes and killed the first born sons of
every Egyptian household.
 It was the Israelites’ most important feast and it became a tradition.

II. Feast of Weeks – Exodus 34:22

 It took place seven weeks after the barley harvest, at the time of wheat harvest.
 It came at the time when the harvest was officially ended.
 It lasted one full day during which animals were sacrificed.
III. Feast of Tabernacles
 It was one of the three feasts of obligation.
 It was also a harvest festival.
 Rough bush shelters were built to remind them of their ancestors’ march from Egypt to Canaan.
 It was held in the seventh month.
 Sacrifices were offered to God.

Give the content from the book of Psalms which teaches that trust in the Lord leads to peaceful relaxation
today. [Give the content from the book of Psalms which teaches that only complete faith and trust in God can
bring full enjoyment and leisure]. (The lord is my shepherd)
 The Lord is my shepherd
 I have everything I need Psalms 23
 He lets me rest in fields of green grass
 And leads me to quiet pools of fresh water
 He gives me new strength
 He guides me in the right paths
 As he has promised
 Even if I go through the deepest darkness
 I will not be afraid, Lord
 For you are with me
 Your shepherd’s rod and staff protect me
 You prepare a banquet for me
 Where all my enemies can see me

Application or bii
Mr Phiri, a personnel manager of a local company and a religious man has been a very hard worker for the past
15 years. Mr. Phiri’s hard work however has not gone well with some workers at the company who feel he is
very strict. Some workers therefore recently accused him falsely of using his position to propose love to one of
the female employees. This news has left Mr Phiri in a state of confusion as he has to explain to the General
Manager the truth about this scandal. With reference to the passage above give four ideas that might help Mr
Phiri overcome his worries over the case.
 Should just trust in God if he really knows that he never committed offence and continue enjoying
his leisure.
 Must look for witnesses to support him over the case and prove that it was false.
 Pray for those planning evil against so that they realise it is wrong to do such things.
 Show peace and forgive the evil ones so that they know value love as necessary for leisure.

THE BIBLE - NEW TESTAMENT

Give the content of one New Testament passage from the Gospel of Mark which shows that the Sabbath was
meant for worship, rest and service. (The Sabbath was made for people)
 Jesus was walking through some cornfields on the Sabbath Mark 2:23-28
 As his disciples walked along with him
 They began to pick the ears of corn
 So the Pharisees said to Jesus “Look it is against our law for your disciples to do that on the Sabbath.”
 “Have you never read what David did that time when he needed something to eat?”
 He and his men were hungry
 So he went into the house of God
 And ate the bread offered to God
 This happened when Abiathar was the High Priest
 According to our law, only the priest may eat this bread
 But David ate it and even gave it to his men
 Jesus concluded: The Sabbath was made for the good of human beings

Application or b ii
Thandiwe is thinking of stopping to continue being a member of a youth organization in the church that she
belongs. She was reported to the elders by the chairperson of her group who found Thandiwe trying to mend
the roof of an old lady’s hut on the Sabbath which was leaking badly. For Thandiwe, the help she gave even if it
was on Sabbath was meant to save the misery the old lady. With reference to the passage above explain in four
ways how Thandiwe would try to convince the elders that her action meant well instead of resigning from her
group.
 Saving the health of the old lady even on Sabbath is a good deed in the eyes of God
 Members of her group should not be like Pharisees who were only good at finding faults in others.
 The Sabbath is meant for rest and prayer, and that can only be achieved by remembering less privileged
people who may need help.
 True relaxing and resting on Sabbath does not mean being slaves to the Sabbath Law.

Narrate a passage from the New Testament in which Jesus tells Christians not to over-worry OR Give the
content of one New Testament passage which show that total trust in God can help us relax and enjoy our
leisure moment. (No worry about material things/ purpose of Sabbath).
 This is why I tell not to be worried about the food and drink you need in order to stay alive or about
clothes for your body
 Isn’t life worth more than food?
 Isn’t the body worth more than clothes?
 Look at the birds, they do not sow seeds, gather a harvest and put it in barns
 Yet your Father in heaven takes care of them
 Aren’t you worth much more than birds? Matthew 6:25-
 Can any of you live a bit longer by worrying about it?
 Look how the wild flowers grow, they do not work or make clothes for themselves
 Not even King Solomon with all his wealth had clothes as beautiful as one of these flowers
 God clothes the wild grass that is here today and gone tomorrow, burnt up in the oven.
 Won’t he be all the more sure to clothe you?
 How little faith you have
 Do not worry then, like the pagans about food, drink and clothes
 Your Father in heaven knows that you need all these things
 Instead be concerned with the Kingdom of God and what he requires of you
 He will provide you with all these other things
  So do not worry about tomorrow, it will have enough worries of its own
 There is no need to add to the trouble each day brings.

Application or b (ii)
The decline in copper prices on the world market has resulted into workers losing their jobs in the mines.
Peter’s father who has six children has been affected as he has lost his job and all the happiness that the
family used to enjoy has now vanished. Worries about how to pay school fees, money for food and clothing
are now the order of the day. Their faith in God has also been affected. As a neighbour to Peter’s family,
explain in four ways with reference to passage how you would help Peter reassure him that there is still
hope for his family so that they can still enjoy leisure time.
 To have faith in God that another job opportunity will be available
 Continue to believe that God will provide their needs even in difficult times
 Remember that there is no life without some difficulties on earth
 Such difficulties should not affect their lives as most of them are temporal
 Trust in God is more important than material possessions. It can help us relax and enjoy our leisure
moments.

Give the content of a passage from the book of Revelation which explains that peace and joy that we seek
during leisure moments will only be complete in heaven. OR Give the content of the New Testament passage
which shows that peace and joy will only be completed in heaven after the second coming of Jesus Christ.
(The New Jerusalem)
 Then I saw a new heaven and a new earth
 The first heaven and the first earth disappeared and sea vanished
 And I saw the Holy City, the new Jerusalem, coming down out of heaven from God
 Prepared and ready, like a bride dressed to meet her husband
 I heard the loud voice speaking from the throne Revelation 21:1-
 Now God’s home is with human beings
 He will live with them, and they shall be his people
 God himself will be with them, and he will be their God
 He will wipe away all tears from their eyes
 There will be no more death, no more grief or crying or pain.
 The old things have disappeared

Application or b ii
Dingiswayo aged 15 and his elder sister Lindiwe aged 19 had gone to visit relatives in the nearby town with their
parents. They were a happy family with a lot of ambitions for the future. On their way back home the vehicle
they were in was involved in a road accident. Both parents died on the spot while the children survived with
minor injuries. This made life to change for the worst for Dingiswayo and Lindiwe. They felt isolated as most of
the relatives abandoned them creating more worries in them. Temptations of even committing suicide came to
their minds. As one of the relatives who has not abandoned Dingiswayo and Lindiwe, explain in four ways with
reference to the passage how you would still give them hope for the future.
 Death is something that can affect any person who lives on earth and it does not choose.
 Only the second coming of Jesus will wipe away all tears and bring total happiness.
 Continuing to have faith in God will give them a future in which they will enjoy leisure
 Remember that these hardships might be temporal if they believe in the new life to come.
 MAJOR-THEME: ORDER AND FREEDOM IN SOCIETY
SUB- THEME: SERVICE
PRESENT SITUATION
List and briefly explain how different people use their authority in our society today.
 Educating (teachers)
 Care giving (nurses)
 Divination (traditional healers)
State characteristics needed in a leader [Qualities of a good leader]
 Must have characteristics suitable to the purpose of the group.
 Must have sufficient intelligence to lead the group.
 Must be willing and able to accept role of leadership
 Must be able to share the needs, feelings and desires of the group.
 Must be able to listen to members.
 Must be well balanced not too hard and not too soft.

Briefly give six spontaneous reactions of the trained leader when he/she is faced with a new situation.
 Asks himself/herself, “What do I do in this situation”.
 Asks others what they think.
 Makes suggestions if he has any of his own.
 Helps the people concerned to understand and clarify the issues involved.
 Facilitates or makes it possible for all voices to be heard in a discussion.
 Makes each person in the group feel important and accepted.
 Makes sure that even contradictory points of view get a fair hearing.

Examples of school rules

 No beer drinking
 No smoking
 Silence in the library
 Only pens are to be used
 Straighten your desk.
 Tie your shirt buttons.

The importance of school rules

 They protect us.
 They give us freedom to live our lives in more security than if we had no rules.

SERVICE IN ISLAM:
There are Three main sources of authority for Muslims. List and explain briefly the three main sources of
authority in Islam.
 God: they believe that there is no God but Allah who spoke to Abraham.
  Prophet Muhammad: they believe that Muhammad is the last and the greatest prophet, and brought
them enlightenment through Angel Gabriel in form of sayings and revelations.
 The Quran: it is the holy scripture of Islam and it is taken as authoritative and cannot be discussed or
criticized.

State four Major Themes from basic doctrines of the Quran/ Major teachings of the Quran.
 Allah is the powerful one who created the world which people live in.
 Allah, having created people for himself, will do with them as he wishes.
 On Judgement day everyone will receive reward in heaven or punishment in hell.
 People must perform the tasks (five pillars) that Allah has assigned to them.

Five Pillars of Islam:

 Daily prayer (five times facing Mecca)
 The Pilgrimage (Holy Journey) to Mecca. (Made once in one’s life time)
 Fast in month of Ramadan (the ninth month when Muslims do not eat or drink from sunrise to sunset)
 The Creed (there is only one God Allah and Muhammad is his prophet
 Almsgiving (helping the poor)

SERVICE IN HINDUISM:
Describe the Hindu joint family as an example of service.
 Consists of grandfather/mother, their sons, married and unmarried, their married sons’ wives and their
unmarried daughters
 Oldest capable male member becomes head of joint family.
 Whole family work together at same occupation i.e. farming or weaving
 Land and other property are owned jointly together
 Each working member turns his earnings to head of the family who decides how to spend.
 Education, marriage and work of members are planned by head of family
 A son who wishes to travel or go to college requests for permission and money from head of family
 Son as long as he lives under family roof (even 50 years old) has to follow head’s instruction

Modern Hindu Families:

 Have broken away partly from joint families to set up their own homes
 Hindus still feel very strong ties to their families
 Usually send part of earnings to families in villages
 Families in India take care of their own members
 Visits of families are always encouraged

Importance of a son in Hindu Custom

 Son carries on duties and responsibilities of father and ancestors
 One of the most important responsibility is to have a son of one’s own
 Only sons can give proper worship to ancestors
 Only sons can light father’s funeral pyre (pile of burning material e.g. wood on dead body- cremation)
properly
 Sons stay with their parents until and support them as they grow old, daughters do not
 Until recently sons inherited family land
 Sons took responsibility for father’s debts

Authority in Hinduism
  Authority comes naturally.
 Obedience to elders and great respect for parents/grandparents are essential in Hindu society.
 The presence of obedience and respect makes authority strong.
 Hindu parents have absolute rights to choose marriage partner for their sons or daughters.

Caste (social class) system among Hindus

It began 4 000 yrs ago as a result of many factors such as invasion, ethnic and religious differences.
 First Caste: belongs to Spiritual Leaders
 Second Caste: belongs to Administrators
 Third Caste: belongs to Manufacturers
 Fourth Caste: belongs to Labourers
 Fifth Caste: people who do not belong to any Caste and were once called ‘untouchables’ but today are
called Harijans or Daliths. These are the unfortunates of society

Factors that led to the beginning of the caste system among the Hindus
 Invasion
 Ethnic
 Religious differences
 Health
 Fertility requirements
 Religious taboos

Importance of Caste System in India

 Marriage outside one’s Caste was forbidden
 Rising from one caste to another was impossible
 People therefore have their own destiny-final end of a human being
 A person who lives well in present life is reincarnated (born again) into higher caste in next life
 One who has not lived a good life will be reborn into the lower caste.

State ideas about the concept of Nirvana in Hinduism

 The final end of man.
 The important thing is internal union with God.
 If a person reaches this union well enough in his present life, he will be reincarnated into a higher caste
in his next life.
 If he does not, then he deserves his fate because he has not lived a good life in his present state.
 Until perfect union with God is reached.

AFRICAN TRADITION
SERVICE IN AFRICAN TRADITIONAL SOCIETY
State ways by which a person became a leader in traditional Zambian society
 By election
 By heroism
 When one had special powers
 By inheritance
 Each chief is appointed by the clan to which he/she belongs.
 A person was chosen to be a chief because of some special gift or ability e.g Chief Monze was a famous
rain maker
  Through courage
 Other chiefs were chosen because they were courageous men in war or because they were good
hunters

Describe the traditional Bemba authority.

 They have a strong authority structure
 Structure was strengthened when Chitimukulu Chitapankwa 1 succeeded Chileshe in 1860
 He concentrated and expanded power of paramount chieftainship in today’s Bembaland
 Chitapankwa 1 took over land from Bisa, Mambwe and Lungu
 He appointed delegates to establish control on his behalf
 Established contacts with Arab- Swahili traders from East coast of Africa
 Was able to collect many useful items i.e. cloth, salt, ivory, cattle, grain and fish
 Expelled the Ngoni from Bembaland fearing that they would take over kingdom
 Able to do this because he successfully united all Bemba chiefs against common enemy

State the levels of the Bemba Traditional Authority structure.

i. Paramount chief (Chitimukulu)
ii. Senior chiefs (Chikwanda, Mwamba, Nkula)
iii. Junior chiefs
iv. Village headmen
v. Priests, guardians of shrines, specialists
vi. Army leaders
vii. Commoners

Contrast authority in the past with authority today

 Civil rulers: in the past consensus, today democracy or dictatorship.
 Courts: in the past local or traditional courts were used, today the high courts are used
 Parents: in the past elders ruled or were respected, today parents relate with children.
 Army officers: in the past spears were used, today modern guns are used
 Religious leaders: in the past rituals, today priests / pastors.

Briefly explain the idea of consensus in Zambian Traditional Society.

 What is said at village level needs to be translated into the national policy.
 What the leader decides and does is to serve the needs and desires of the people.
 The leader needs to see to it that decisions taken are not ignored but implemented.
 That decision once taken and proclaimed by the chief may not be questioned.

CHURCH HISTORY OF SERVICE:

Briefly explain about leadership and authority in the early church
 Bishops were chosen to give service.
 Christians were famous for their care for the poor.
 A bishop was elected by the whole congregation.
 He was responsible for preaching and celebrating the Eucharist.
 He was a man of humble birth, even perhaps a freed slave.
 He was in charge of the service on Sunday.
 Bishop means overseer and supervisor.

Examples of outstanding Christians who have been a source of inspiration to others:

Churches in Africa:
Outstanding Christian leaders who lived and worked in Africa include the following:
Rev. Arthur Shearly Cripps:
 He was an Anglican missionary in Rhodesia from 1901 until his death in 1952
 Lived a simple life sharing what he could with African parishioners and usually moved on foot
 His European friends were embarrassed by the poverty that he practiced
 He was worried by the way land was being taken from blacks and given to white settlers
 His service was to campaign for African rights so that the case can be heard in Rhodesia and in London
 He was able to achieve some progress by contacting powerful friends in London
 He was a poet and writer and managed to raise money from sell of books
 Money helped him to run the church of Five Wounds of Christ where he worked as Parish priest
 He was a friend to all and his Christian life made deep impression on many people

Show how the life Reverend Justo Mwale is an example of service to the church and family.
 Was born in Mphuzuzu village in Chipata and was ordained in 1929
 He can be counted as first Zambian African to be ordained minister of any mission church
 Was very shy as young man and so did not want to be a teacher
 He was selected for ordination because he was active serving in a movement with a threefold aim which
is advance education, development and religious commitment
 These aims inspired him for the rest of his life
 Mwale often served as a peace maker in places where there were conflicts in community
 He remained loyal to his wife Zaliwe Esneya even though they had no children of their own
 They were happily married for 43 years and raised many children of their relatives
 Served as minister of Ndola Reformed Church of Zambia from 1943 until his death in 1955
 His book, a collection of sermons was his ‘Farewell Gift’ to all his spiritual children
 Reformed Church training institute for ministers was named ‘Justo Mwale Theological College’ in 1975 in
honour of his work.

Basing on the above, explain six ways Reverend Justo Mwale in which he used his authority for service.
Bishop Joseph Shanahan:
 He was an Irishman who arrived in southern Nigeria in 1902
 He was put in charge of the Catholic Church in Igbo area three years later
 Here were hardly any Christians in the area and many were hostile to Christianity
 Shanahan decided to set up schools in the area
 Instead of begging people to send children to school he told them education was valuable
 Told parents to take responsibility through school committees
 He did not want to quarrel with traditional beliefs
 He believed that once people are properly educated in Christian faith, would make their own changes to
their customs that were necessary

Describe briefly how Reverend Ezekiel Apindi used his authority for the service of the under privileged.
 He grew up strong, good at wrestling, and intelligent.
 In 1905 he went to work in Nairobi and Mombasa, and became a Christian.
 He returned home determined to teach and convert his people.
 He taught for a while and went to Britain as a delegation chosen to voice the grievances of Africans
about the colonial rule.
 In his home area, he worked tirelessly and travelled to find schools and Christian congregations.
 When he was ordained, and as a rural dean he founded the Union School for children of all religions.
St. Francis of Assisi:
 He was born in 1181 in a small town of Assisi in Italy
 Came from rich family and lived in luxury many years
 Suffered a long illness in 1204 which made him think about life of pleasure and ease
 -became a painful experience as he prayed for guidance from God
 After a year he began to hear voice of Christ in San Damiano church urging him repair God’s house.
 Voice also urged him to bring people back values taught by Christ
 First he spent time nursing people with leprosy and later preached word of God
 He became very sick a year before he died and became blind
 Continued travelling and preaching in midst of his sufferings
 He was a man of great love and simplicity and emphasised that Christian authority be expressed in
service.

Bible (Old Testament)

Psalms 136, God protects His own people (Authority of God over creation)
 Give thanks to the Lord because he is good, his love is eternal
 Give thanks to the greatest of all gods, his love is eternal
 Give thanks to the mightiest of all lords, his love is eternal
 He alone performs great miracles, his love is eternal
 By his wisdom he made the heavens, his love is eternal
 He built the earth on deep waters, his love is eternal
 He made the sun and the moon, his love is eternal
 The sun to rule over the day, his love is eternal
 The moon and the stars to rule over the night, his love is eternal
 He killed the firstborn sons of the Egyptians, his love is eternal
 He led the people of Israel out of Egypt, his love is eternal
 With his strong hand, his powerful arm, his love is eternal
 He divided the Red Sea, his love is eternal
 He led his people through it, his love is eternal
 But he drowned the King of Egypt and his army, his love is eternal
 He led his people through the desert, his love is eternal
 He killed powerful Kings, his love is eternal
 He killed famous Kings, his love is eternal
 Sihon, the King of Amorites, his love is eternal
Application or b (ii)
Pastor Chola and his family have just received a transfer to move from the urban area where he was serving to
some remote place. The family is aware that the people in that area where they are going to, are quite hostile
especially that they are from a different tribe.
Explain briefly in four ways how you would still encourage the Chola family as they move to the new area as a
close neighbour to the family with reference to the passage above.
 Believe in God that He will protect him and his family in the new area
 God who served the Israelites from enemies will also serve his family from any harm
 God’s loving service will be with Pastor Chola as long as he gives thanks to Him
 Pastor Chola should use the created things of the world to convince new followers of God’s love for the
people he created e.t.c.

Exodus 2: 11-16 (Strengths and weakness of Moses as a leader)

  When Moses had grown up, he went out to visit his people, the Hebrews
 And saw how they were forced to do hard labour.
 He even saw an Egyptian kill a Hebrew, one of Moses’ people.
 Moses looked all round, and when he saw that no one was watching, he killed the Egyptian and hid his
body in the sand.
 The next day he went back and saw two Hebrew men fighting.
 He said to one who was in the wrong, why are you beating up a fellow Hebrew?
 The man answered, who made you our ruler and judge?
 Are you going to kill me just as you killed that Egyptian?
 Then Moses was afraid and said to himself, people have found out what I have done.
 When the king heard about what had happened, he tried to have Moses killed
 But Moses fled and went to live in the land of Midian.
 One day, when Moses was sitting by a well, seven daughters of Jethro came to draw water
 And fill the troughs for their father’s sheep and goats.

Ezekiel 34: 1-11, The Bad Shepherds:

 The Lord spoke to me mortal man he said denounce the rulers of Israel
 Prophesy to them and tell them what I the sovereign Lord say to them
 You are doomed you shepherds of Israel you take care of yourselves but never tend the sheep
 You drink the milk, wear clothes made from wool and kill and eat the finest sheep
 But you never tend the sheep
 You have not taken care of the weak ones, healed those who are sick, bandaged those who are hurt
 Brought back those that wandered off, looked for those that were lost, instead you treated them cruelly
 Because the sheep had no shepherd they were scattered and wild animals killed and ate them
 So my sheep wandered over the hills and the mountains
 They were scattered over the face of the earth and no one looked for them or tried to find them
 Now you shepherds listen to what I the Lord am telling you
 As surely as I am the living God you better listen to me
 My sheep have been attacked by wild animals that killed and ate them because there was no shepherd
 My shepherds did not try to find the sheep they were taking care of themselves and not the sheep
 So listen to me you shepherds I the Sovereign Lord declare that I am your enemy
 I will take my sheep away from you and never again let you to be their shepherds
 Never again will I let you take care only of yourselves
 I will rescue my sheep from you and not let you eat them

Application or b (ii)
You have just been appointed as the new District Commissioner taking over from the previous bad regime.
Explain in four ways how you would ensure that the services you offer will cater for all the people in the district.

Bible (New Testament)

John 10: 11-16 (Jesus the good shepherd)
 I am the good shepherd who is willing to die for the sheep.
 When the hired man, who is not a shepherd and does not own the sheep sees a wolf coming, he leaves
the sheep and runs away.
 So the wolf snatches the sheep and scatters them.
 The hired man runs away because he is only a hired man and does not care about the sheep.
 I am the good shepherd.
 As the Father knows me and I know the Father, in the same way I know my sheep and they know me
  And I am willing to die for them.
 There are other sheep which belong to me that are not in this sheepfold.
 I must bring them, too.
 They will listen to my voice
 And they will become one flock with one shepherd.

Application or b ii
Pastor Mwila has just been transferred from his home town to go and become Pastor-in-charge in another area.
Pastor Mwila feels he cannot serve the people in this new area because he does not know them and and even
their language.
Briefly explain in four ways the advice you would give Pastor Mwila on the need to serve all the people and not
just his home area.

Mark 10: 35-45 (The Christian Leader as a servant of the people/Jesus teaching on humility and suffering in
service)
 Then James and John the sons of Zebedee came to Jesus,
 Teacher there is something we want you to do for us
 What is it Jesus asked them
 They answered when you sit on your throne in your glorious kingdom
 We want you to let us sit with you one at your right and one at your left
 Jesus said to them you do not know what you are asking for
 Can you drink the cup of suffering that I must drink
 Can you be baptised in the same way I must be baptised
 We can, they answered
 Jesus said to them you will indeed drink the cup I must drink and be baptised in the way I must be
baptised
 But I do not have the right to choose who will sit at my right and my left
 It is God who will give these places to those whom he has prepared
 When the other ten disciples heard about it they became angry with James and John
 So Jesus called them all together to him and said
 You know that those who are considered rulers of heaven have the power over them and the leaders
have complete authority
 This however is not the way it is among you
 If one of you wants to be the great he must be the servant of the rest
 and if one of you wants to be the first he must be the slave of all
 for even the son of man did not come to be served
 He came to serve and to give his life to redeem many people

Application or b (ii)
It was again time to elect new prefects at Mwiza Secondary School. As usual the atmosphere was filled with a lot
of activities as a number of candidates were busy campaigning. Mwiza was after the post of Head girl and she
was prepared to even spend a lot of money buying gifts to pupils. She was convinced that the post of head girl
would make her popular and enjoy many things in school.
As classmate of Mwiza and at the same time Scripture Union leader, explain in four ways how Mwiza as a leader
can be of service to others just as the passage above suggests.
 A leader should aim to serve people and not herself just like Jesus did when he was alive
 Leader who puts herself first before others is not a leader in the eyes of God
 Pupils face a lot of problems which a leader should address for her to be true leader
  Leadership means sacrificing a little for the sake of the ordinary members.

John 13: 1-15 (Jesus washes his disciples’ feet/Jesus demonstrates humility in service)
 It was now the day before the Passover Festival and Jesus knew the hour had come to leave this world
and go to his Father
 He had always loved those in the world who were his own and he loved them to the very end
 Jesus and his disciples were at supper
 The Devil had already put into the heart of Judas the son of Simon Iscariot the thought of betraying
Jesus
 Jesus knew that the Father had given him complete power
 He knew that he had come from God and was going to God
 So he rose from the table, took out his outer garment and tied a towel round his waist
 Then he poured water in a basin and begun to wash the disciple’s feet and dry them with the towel
round his waist
 He came to Simon Peter who said to him, are you going to wash my feet Lord
 Jesus answered him, you do not understand now what I am doing but you will understand later
 Peter declared never at any time will you wash my feet
 If I do not wash your feet Jesus answered you will no longer be my disciple
 Simon Peter answered Lord do not wash only my feet then, wash my hands and head too
 Jesus said those who have had a bath, are completely clean and do not have to wash themselves
 All of you are clean, all except one
 Jesus already knew who was going to betray him that is why he said all of you are clean except for one
 After Jesus had washed their feet he put his outer garment back on and returned to his place at the
table
 Do you understand what I have just done to you he asked
 You call me teacher and Lord and it is right that you do so because that is what I am
 I your Lord and Teacher have just washed your feet you then should wash one another’s feet
 I have set an example for you so that you will do just what I have done for you

Application or b (ii)
The mood among the members of the Church Choir was low. This was because they had not managed to raise
the required amount needed for them to travel for choir competitions. The amount raised could not cater for an
extra two senior church elders (chairperson and secretary of the church) who were also part of the trip. You are
a member of the choir group, explain in four ways how you would convince the two senior church elders to
allow your group to travel without them.
 Elders must be ready to sacrifice for the sake of members of the church as Jesus did
 Accept that money is not enough and therefore would travel when another trip is arranged
 Choir competitions are for members and need for the elders to have faith in them
 Show to choir members that service for others comes first so that choir members do the same as future
leaders.
Colossians 1: 24-29 [Paul’s authority to service the church]
 And now I am happy about my suffering for you
 for by means of my physical suffering I am helping to complete what still remains of Christ’s suffering on
behalf of his body, the church.
 And I have been made a servant of the church by God
 who gave me this task to perform for your good.
 It is the task of fully proclaiming his message
 Which is the secret he hid through all past ages from whole human race
  But has now revealed to his people.
 God’s plan is to make known his secret to his people
 This rich and glorious secret which he has for all peoples.
 And the secret is that Christ is in you, which means that you will share in the glory of God.
 So we preach Christ to everyone.
 With all possible wisdom we warn and teach them in order to bring each one into God’s presence as a
mature individual in union with Christ.
 To get this done I toil and struggle
 Using the mighty strength which Christ supplies and which is at work in me.

Application or b ii
You have just been appointed as a leader of the youth group in your church which is in the community where
most people including the young do not go to church. As a youth Christian leader, explain briefly in four ways
how you can be of service to your community.

Ephesians 4: 1- 23 (Appointed to serve others/Christian service)

 I urge you, then, I who am a prisoner because I serve the Lord
 Live a life that measures up to the standard God set when he called you
 Be humble, gentle, and patient.
 Show love by being tolerant with one another
 It was he who gave gifts
 He appointed some to be apostles
 Others to be prophets
 Others to be evangelists
 Others to be pastors and teachers
 He did this to prepare all God’s people
 For the work of Christian service in order to build up the body of Christ
 and so we shall all come together to that oneness in our faith
 and in our knowledge of the Son of God
 we shall become mature people
 reaching to the very height of Christ’s full stature

Application or b (ii)
Ever since Samantha, now 14 years, started going to church together with her mother, she has come to admire
her mothers’ courage in preaching the word of God in church. On many occasions she would just stare at her
mother wishing she could do the same. Her brothers and sisters however usually discourage her that she will
never achieve that ambition.
Briefly explain in four ways how you will still encourage Samantha to achieve her goal as suggested by the
passage above.
 People have received different gifts from God so it’s up to individuals to serve God in the best possible
way
 It is not only by preaching (pastor) that one can serve God
 Work of building God’s kingdom can be in many areas as long as one serves community well
 Need to appreciate and not look down at other people’s positions as they serve God and community.
 MAJOR THEME: LIFE

SUB-THEME: HAPPINESS

PRESENT SITUATION

State ideas which make people happy today

Wearing nice clothes Being in good health
Dancing and singing When reading a good book
Having plenty of food and drink Being with someone who cares for me
Being popular in school When everyone around me is happy
Achieving my goals When playing sports
Being excused when I have done something Being with a person I love
wrong

State the levels of human development and needs

In this case, the specific level of human development corresponds to the kind of needs.
Material/Physical: growth, food, health. Spiritual: commitment, worship, faith.
Cultural: education, language, custom. Emotional: need to be liked.
Moral: freedom, honesty, responsibility.
Explain briefly why Karl Marx was critical of the type of religion of his day
He was influenced by the philosophy of Feuerbach which taught that religion is a mere projection of the
human mind.
Believed that religion kept people immature and childish.
In England Marx was shocked at the poor and terrible conditions of factory workers.
Many factory owners were Christians yet they allowed their workers to work under such conditions.
Some Christian preachers preached about patience, acceptance of suffering, obedience as a way of
winning heavenly rewards.
Marx called such religion “Opium” of the people.
Marx strove to bring about better conditions by fighting for economic change.
He wanted to create a new order in which religion would die out.
He summed up religion as the sigh of the oppressed creature, the sentiment of a heartless world, the
soul of the soul-less conditions, the opium of the people.

Opium: addictive drug

Sigh: breathe long and loud

State differences between pleasure and happiness [pleasure v happiness]

Pleasure is the satisfaction of needs.
Happiness is a sense of inner peace.
Pleasure seeks its own sake.
Happiness comes from using one’s intelligence to set goals.
Pleasure is achieving immediate goals.
Happiness is a long process.
Happiness brings pleasure beyond one’s expectations

Briefly explain ideals about the search for happiness

Happiness is a sense of inner peace.
Happiness demands choosing goals in life.
Happiness is satisfying only the need consistent with chosen goals.
Happiness is more a by-product than a goal.
Seeking happiness means doing what is right.
To gain happiness brings pleasure.

HAPPINESS IN HINDUISM
Explain briefly ideas on how happiness is realised in Hinduism
Happiness comes from Moksha, liberation from the cycle of rebirth.
The series of death and rebirth (Samsara) is a burden.
Like a river merging with the ocean.
To achieve this one must control the senses, mind and intellect.
One must cast away desires, fear and anger.
Four major paths (yogas) lead to Moksha.
The goal is to be united with the creator of all.
He is the source of the self, the knower, the Author of time.

Describe briefly how achieving Moksha brings happiness to a Hindu.

Moksha is liberation from the cycle of rebirth.
 The Hindu sees the endless series of deaths and births as a burden.
True peace comes only when one has been liberated from this cycle.
To be liberated is called Moksha or absolute freedom.
At the end of earthly life, individual souls join the infinite Brahman just as the waters of rivers join the
ocean.
Those who attain Moksha have controlled the senses, mind and intellect.
Those to whom Moksha is the highest goal, are over liberated.

Describe paths (yogas) that Hindus choose to achieve the absolute freedom and happiness/ Major paths or
ways which lead to Moksha
Karma Yoga (The path of work): It is a simple but strict way of living in which a person fulfils all his
duties without fail.
Jnana Yoga (The path of knowledge): People who are drawn to study can choose this way. It is the way
of higher knowledge or spiritual insight.
Bhakti Yoga (The path of devotion): It is the way of devotion to God and the way of love. This devotion
may take the form of a servant’s attitude to the master.
The Yoga (The path of union): It is the most difficult of all. It is an extreme form of discipline and self-
denial.

State Hindu tradition claims of the root cause of all human disharmony and give ways in which healing can
come about.
Human desire for material things.
Attachment to material possessions.
Bad karma attained due to bad actions.

Give ways in which healing can come about

Controlling the senses, mind and intellect.
Having Moksha the highest goal.
Casting away desires, fear and anger

HAPPINESS IN ISLAM
Describe ways to happiness for a Muslim
The climax of happiness for a Muslim is to go on pilgrimage to Mecca.
Fulfilling the five pillars of Islam.
Mecca is the religious centre for Muslims.
They face Mecca when praying.
Mecca is the holy city.
Ka’aba, the Muslim holiest shrine.
All ranks and status are ignored at Mecca.

State ideas that explain the importance of Mecca for a Muslim

Mecca is the religious centre in Islam.
Muslims turn towards it when they pray.
They believe it was the first sanctuary appointed by God.
Abraham and his son Ishmael prayed there.
It was here, too, where Hagar found water. [Hagar is Ishmael’s mother]
At the heart of Mecca is the Kaa’ba, the holiest shrine for the Muslim.
The famous Black Stone is built within the walls of the Kaa’ba.
 At Mecca all rank and status is ignored.
Everyone wears a long white garment and women wear veil which covers them completely.
This is the sign of brotherly/sisterly equality.
The climax of happiness for a Muslim is to go on pilgrimage to Mecca.

Explain what the Muslim “id (feast) of sacrifice” is and state things that happen at this sacrifice.
This is an expression of the joy Muslims experience when they have achieved their lifelong dream of
making pilgrimage to Mecca.
A goat or a sheep is killed and offered in sacrifice for each household.
A cow may be offered for large groups.
The Imam preaches a sermon explaining the duty and meaning of sacrifice.
This follows by the ‘Id’ prayers.

HAPPINESS IN AFRICAN TRADITION

List ideas that African societies have believed and taught their children that happiness lies in
Having many wives and disciplined children. Having respect for the elders.
Having land that produce good harvest. Pleasing the Supreme Being.
Being in good relationship with ancestral Being faithful to traditions.
spirits. Having a good influence in society.
Being good warriors and victorious in tribal Sharing and practicing hospitality.
wars. Having good friends.
Having children to remember one in old age Being able to protect oneself from harm
and after one’s death. done by spirits through witchcraft.

Explain how social harmony can be achieved

Fighting selfish tendencies
Following the customs
Showing respect for elders and the authority.

List ways which helped strengthen harmony and status in African traditional society.
The ideal of caring for the unknown traveller.
The ideal of caring for the needy.
The ideal of caring for the aging parents and children.
The ideal of caring for the infirm.
The ideal of caring for the lame.
The ideal of caring for the orphans.

Explain briefly how an individual achieved status in African traditional societies.

When the needs of the group came before the needs of the individual
A person was given status in the measure that he or she contributed to the wellbeing of the group.
The group and not the individual determined the work a person did and the importance a person would
have.
Achieving status meant to win the group’s approval.

CHURCH HISTORY

HAPPINESS THROUGH CHRISTIANITY

Explain ways that show how the early Christians found happiness in their faith
 The Gospel was first preached to the people who wanted happiness but often failed to find it.
In the big cities, majority of the people were poor and lived in crowded and unsanitary slums.
The country people grew food for themselves but also were forced to provide food for the city dwellers.
A man might lose half of what he grew or earned through having to heavy taxes.
In Christianity people found salvation and a new meaning in life.

Show how Jesus brought salvation a new meaning in life to the early Christians/ List meanings of salvation in
the early church
Jesus was helping them fight their selfishness, the root of poverty.
Jesus was offering them happiness after death.
Jesus was feeding them and healing their diseases.
Jesus was reminding them of their dignity as children of the father.
Jesus was giving them the power to seek happiness in serving others.

SUFFERING AND HAPPINESS (HAPPINESS THROUGH CHRISTIANITY)

Describe how Ignatius of Antioch expressed happiness despite the sufferings that he was going through.
He was a bishop, an ex-slave who was martyred
Despite being cruelly treated by soldiers, he found time to write letters of greeting and encouragement
to the Christians he met on the way.
He wrote the letter to the church at Magnesia.
When he learnt of their well ordered love, he was jubilant and decided to have a chat with them.
He sang the praises of the church and prayed for the union in their midst.
The union based on the flesh and spirit of Jesus Christ, the greatest blessing and most especially, a union
with Jesus and the Father.
He said farewell to those who possessed an unflinching spirit which made them want to be like Jesus
Christ.
Explain why St. Monica’s life and work as an African showed happiness even in the face of great pain
She is the mother of St Augustine, bishop of Hippo.
She told her son that she no longer found joy in anything in this world when she was about to die.
She no longer hoped for anything from this world.
She wanted to see him become a Christian before dying.
God made that possible.
She asked her son to remember her at the table of the Lord wherever he may be.

Discuss briefly who a Martyr is and explain why Ugandan martyrs remained happy despite their suffering
A martyr is any person who dies for his or her convictions.
The Ugandan martyrs were killed for their Christian faith.
They were mocked for their belief in the resurrection.
In spite of suffering the martyrs continued singing hymns and praising God.
Their courage and calmness astonished those who burnt them to death.

Give reasons why the 19th century missionaries seemed to leave human happiness out of their preaching and
lives
When missionaries came to Africa they needed the great spirit of courage and renunciation.
They were men and women of self-sacrifice and they tried to develop the same attitudes in their
converts.
Such preaching gave the impression that Christianity was about self-sacrifice excluding God’s love and
His desire to bring people to life of happiness.
 Some missionaries did not distance themselves from the colonial regime hence confusing the role of the
missionaries and the colonialists; this made some Africans to see missionaries and colonialists to have
the same goals.
Many missionaries came from countries that were under industrial revolution in which the poor abused
alcohol.
Such practices led to a lack of self-control, wasting of money, violence and marital infidelity.
Hence many churches totally forbade the drinking of alcohol. Some churches like S. D. A. made the
renunciation of alcohol a dogma of their teaching.

Give reasons why the early missionaries condemned the excessive use of alcohol
It led to lack of self control It brought violence
Wasting of money Led to marital infidelity
It led to escapism

DOGMA= Religious belief: a belief or set of beliefs that a religion holds to be true.

THE BIBLE: OLD TESTAMENT

Give the content of the passage from Ecclesiastes which shows that life is a mixture of joy and sorrow
[Ecclesiastes 3: 1-8] [Nothing can happen without God allowing it]
Everything that happens in this world happens at the time God chooses
He sets the time for birth and the time for death
The time for planting and the time for pulling up
The time for killing and the time for healing
The time for tearing down and the time for building
He sets the time for sorrow and the time for joy
The time for mourning and the time for dancing
The time for making love and the time for not making love
The time for kissing and the time for not kissing
He sets the time for finding and the time for losing
The time for saving and the time for throwing away
The time for tearing and the time for mending
The time for silence and the time to talk
He sets the time for love and the time for hate
The time for war and the time for peace.

Application or b (ii)
Kondwani’s father had been supporting him at school ever since he went into a boarding school. He was
very happy that he had such a loving parent. Life however took a turn for the worst when his father was
implicated in forgery case at the company. He was tried in court and sent to prison for 10 years. Kondwani
was devastated and at a loss. With reference to the passage above, explain in four ways how Kondwani
could cope up with his future.
Not to lose hope since everything that happens, happens at the time God chooses.
Time will come when all this will pass and good things may come his way
Not to lose hope but find other means of raising money in order to complete school
To continue praying to God whether in hard times or good times since life is made of opposites.

From the teaching above, how can one advise a young person who wants to be happy always?
Give the content of a passage from the book of Psalms which explains how Hebrews should seek happiness in
God. Psalm 37 [God’s ways to happiness]
Do not be worried on account of the wicked
Do not be jealousy of those who do wrong
They will soon disappear like grass that dries up
Trust in the Lord and do good
Seek your happiness in the Lord
He will give you your heart’s desire
Give yourself to the Lord
Trust in him and he will help you
Be patient and wait for the Lord to act
Do not give in to worry and anger
It only leads to trouble
The wicked kill the poor and needy
They slaughter those who do right
The wicked man borrows and never pays back
A good man is generous with his gifts
The Lord guides a man in the way he should go
If the good fall, they will not stay down as the Lord helps them
A good man’s words are wise and he is always fair
He keeps the law of God in his heart and never depart from it.

Application or b ii
Mr and Mrs Daka did not seem to care about the source of the money their daughter was having. What was
important for them, was the happiness the money brought to them. They were now able to acquire most of
their basic needs. As a concerned friend explain in four ways how the family could find true happiness in
life.
Should ascertain the source of money currently being used.
They should know that true happiness lies in doing good deeds that please God
Happiness enjoyed through money that is dubiously acquired never last long

Illustrate with examples ideas from the teaching in Psalms and show how they could help a Christian find
happiness today.
Do not be jealousy of those who do wrong e.g. corrupt leaders.
Give self to the Lord
Trust in Christ’s way and follow his commands.
Wait for the Lord to act.
Pray with faith and the Lord will answer in his own way.
Give the content from the book of Jeremiah which shows how the Prophet taught the Israelites that there is
no full happiness without God. Jeremiah 30:10-22 [Source of happiness]
My people do not be afraid; people of Israel, do not be terrified.
I will rescue you from that distant land, from the land where you are prisoners.
You will come back home and live in peace
You will be secure, and no one will make you afraid.
I will come to you and save you.
I will destroy all the nations where I have scattered you, but I will not destroy you.
 I will not let you go unpunished; but when I punish you, I will be fair. I, the Lord, have spoken”
The Lord says to his people, “your wounds are incurable, your injuries cannot be healed.
There is no one to take care of you, no remedy for your sores, no hope of healing for you.
All your lovers have forgotten you; they no longer care about you.
I have attacked you like an enemy
Your punishment has been harsh because your sins are many and your wickedness is great.
Complain no more about your injuries; there is no cure for you.
I punished you like this because your sins are many and your wickedness is great.
But now, all who devour you will be devoured.
And all your enemies will be taken away as prisoners.
All who oppress you will be oppressed, and all those who plunder you will be plundered.
I will make you well again; I will heal your wounds,
Though your enemies say, ‘Zion is an outcast; no one cares about her.’ I, the Lord, have spoken.
The Lord says, “I will restore my people to their land and have mercy on every family
Jerusalem will be rebuilt, and its palace restored.
The people who live there will sing praise; they will shout for joy.
By my blessing they will increase in numbers; my blessing will bring honour.

Using the ideas from the above passage, show how God can make a Christian who follows his commandments
happy. Give concrete examples.

Give the content of the passage from Jeremiah in which the prophet warned the Israelites that they seek
happiness in ways that can never bring happiness, just as cracked cisterns can never provide the water
needed for life [Jeremiah 2:1-13] RETURNING TO GOD
The Lord told me to proclaim this message to everyone in Jerusalem.
I remember how faithful you were when you were young, how you loved me when we were first
married
You followed me through the desert, through a land that had not been sown.
Israel, you belonged to me alone; you were my sacred possession.
I sent suffering and disaster on everyone who hurt you. I, the Lord, have spoken.”
Listen to the Lord’s message, you descendants of Jacob, you tribes of Israel.
The Lord says: “What accusation did your ancestors bring to me?
What made them turn away from me?
They worshipped worthless idols and became worthless themselves.
They did not care about me, even though I rescued them from Egypt and led them through the
wilderness:
A land of deserts and sand dunes, a dry and dangerous land where no one lives and no one will even
travel.
I brought them into a fertile land, to enjoy its harvests and its other good things.
But instead they ruined my land; they defiled the country I had given them.
The priest did not ask, ‘where is the Lord?’
My own priests did not know me.
The rulers rebelled against me; the prophets spoke in the name of Baal and worshipped useless idols.
 And so I, the Lord, will state my case against my people again. I will bring charges against their
descendants.
You will see that nothing like this has ever happened before.
No other nation has ever changed its gods, even though they were not real.
But my people have exchanged me, the God who has brought them honour, for gods that can do
nothing for them.
And so I command the sky to shake with horror, to be amazed and astonished, for my people have
committed two sins
They have turned away from me, the spring of fresh water, and they have dug cisterns, cracked cisterns
that can hold no water at all.

Application or b ii
A grade 7 pupil is happy that he/she has made it to grade 8 in a boarding school. i. Propose four ways in which
this pupil can seek further happiness in a constructive way.
ii. Using the above ideas give examples of how some Christians in modern Zambia are seeking happiness through
cracked cisterns.

NEW TESTAMENT
Give the content of the passage from the Gospel of Matthew which shows the attitudes that bring happiness
[Matthew 5:1-10] [Beatitudes/ attitudes that bring happiness]
Jesus saw the crowds and went up a hill, where he sat down.
His disciples gathered round him, and he began to teach them:
Happy are those who know they are spiritually poor;
The kingdom of heaven belongs to them
Happy are those who mourn; God will comfort them
Happy are those who are humble; they will receive what God has promised
Happy are those whose greatest desire is to do what God requires; God will satisfy them fully
Happy are those who are merciful to others; God will be merciful to them
Happy are the pure in heart; they will see God
Happy are those who work for peace; God will call them his children
Happy are those who are persecuted because they do what God requires;
The kingdom of heaven belongs to them.

Application or b ii
Mrs Dabwiso has struggled to do her best for her family so that they can have basic needs in the home. All
her efforts are not bringing positive results. The family keeps on getting poor and poorer. The situation
became worse when they even lost the last born son due to Cholera. i. As a first born in that family, explain
in four ways the advice you can give your mother on the present situation as suggested by the passage
above.
ii. Using some of the ideas from the above passage give four practical examples of how a Christian can apply
these attitudes to bring happiness in Zambia today.
By being humble, you look at other people as valuable and worthy of respect.
By serious fighting against all forms of injustice that destroy peace rather than merely talking about
justice.
By seeking God’s guidance in all one’s daily decision.
 By being merciful- willing to take the initiative in beginning friendships and in trying to heal them when
they break.

Give the content of a Bible passage from the Gospel of John which shows that life is a mixture of joy and
sorrow/ Give the content from the Gospel of John in which Jesus reminds his apostles that he will rise again.
[JOHN 16:16-22]- People’s sorrow to happiness]
In a little while you will not see me anymore, and then a little while later you will see me.
Some of his disciples asked among themselves, “what does this mean?
He tells us that in a little while we will not see him, and then in a little while later we will see him
And he also says, ‘it is because I am going to the Father.’
What does this ‘a little while’ mean? We don’t know what he is talking about!
Jesus knew that they wanted to question him, so he said to them, “I said, ‘in a little while you will not
see me.
And then a little while later you will see me. Is this what you’re asking about among yourselves?
I am telling you the truth: you will cry and weep, but the world will be glad
You will be sad, but your sadness will turn into gladness.
When a woman is about to give birth, she is sad because her hour of suffering has come
But when the baby is born, she forgets her suffering, because she is happy that a baby has been born
into the world.
That is how it is with you: now you are sad, but i will see you again
And your hearts will be filled with gladness
The kind of gladness that no one can take away from you.

Application or b ii
Patrick lost his father while he was in grade 11 and they had to go back to the village. His mother told him that
life in the village would be hard for everyone, especially for those in school. She told him that that he should
always remember that sometimes it was through many challenges that life may become better. i. Give four
concrete examples of how challenges and suffering in life may bring gladness at the end.
ii. What advice can you give to a pupil like Patrick who has been going through suffering using ideas from the
above passage? [Brainstorm]
How can a Christian leader help to change the suffering of Patrick and his family as reflected in the passage?
By bringing hope to those who are suffering
By advising others that suffering helps to us to reflect when we have done wrong
By promising them that suffering will turn into joy later.
By telling others that even if we suffer now we should not lose faith in Christ.

Give the content of St Paul’s letter to the Philippians which shows the attitudes needed to experience
happiness [Philippians 4:4-7]
May you always be joyful in your union with the Lord. I say it again: rejoice!
Show a gentle attitude towards everyone.
The Lord is coming soon.
Don’t worry about anything, but in all your prayers ask God for what you need
Always asking him with a thankful heart.
And God’s peace, which is far beyond human understanding, will keep your hearts and minds safe in
union with Christ Jesus.
From the Gospel of Luke, give the content of how Zacchaeus gained a new way of life when he met Jesus
[Luke 19:1-10]
Jesus went on into Jericho and was passing through.
 There was a chief tax collector there named Zacchaeus, who was rich.
He was trying to see who Jesus was, but he was a little man and could not see Jesus because of the
crowd.
So he ran ahead of the crowd and climbed a sycamore tree to see Jesus, who was going to pass that
way.
When Jesus came to that place, he looked up and said to Zacchaeus,
Hurry down, Zacchaeus, because I must stay in your house today.
Zacchaeus hurried down and welcomed him with great joy.
All the people who it started grumbling, “This man has gone as a guest to the home of a sinner!”
Zacchaeus stood up and said to the Lord, “Listen sir! I will give half my belongings to the poor,
And if I have cheated anyone, I will pay back four times as much.
Jesus said to him,” salvation has come to this house today, for this man, also, is a descendant of
Abraham.
The son of man came to seek and to save the lost.

Give concrete examples of how a person can be happy today in Zambia [YOURS]

Give the content from the first letter of St Paul to the Corinthians in which he emphasized that love is the
basis for happiness [1 CORINTHIANS 13]
I may be able to speak the languages of human beings and even of angels
But if I have no love, my speech is no more than a noisy gong or a clanging bell.
I may have the gift of inspired preaching;
I may have all knowledge and understand all secrets;
I may have all the faith needed to move mountains, but if I have no love, I am nothing.
I may give away everything I have, and even give up my body to be burnt
But if I have no love, this does me no good.
Love is patient and kind; it is not jealous or conceited or proud
Love is not ill mannered or selfish or irritable
Love does not keep a record of wrongs
Love is not happy with evil, but is happy with the truth.
Love never gives up; and its faith, hope, and patience never fail.
Love is eternal.
There are inspired messages, but they are temporary
There are gifts of speaking in strange tongues, but they will cease
There is knowledge, but it will pass.
For our gifts of knowledge and of inspired messages are only partial
But when what is perfect comes, then what is partial will disappear.
When I was a child, my speech, feelings, and thinking were all those of a child
Now that I have grown up, I have no more use for childish ways.
What we see now is like a dim image in a mirror; then we shall see face to face.
What I know now is only partial; then it will be complete-as complete as God’s knowledge of me.
Meanwhile these three remain: faith, hope, and love; and the greatest of these, is love.

Application or b ii
You have been appointed as a new Head boy/ Head girl in your school. The Headteacher has asked you to
prepare a speech to be read at the assembly.
i. Using the above passage, give examples of how the school or community can show love to each other.
ii. Give four examples of false happiness that cadres in political parties enjoy.

MAJOR THEME: MAN AND WOMAN

SUB-THEME: COURTSHIP AND MARRIAGE

PRESENT SITUATION

List and explain challenges in boy- girl relationships in Zambia today. (Challenges in adolescence stage)
i. The struggle for identity
 Childhood is left behind
 One longs for privileges of adulthood and wanting to make own decisions.
 Young people dream of what they will be and the things they will have.
 They long to make their own decisions and own values.
 Directions from elders and parents are like restrictions and are resented.
 Their confidence is fragile.
 Any defect in their bodies or lack of nice clothes becomes a great source of worry.
 In their loneliness they long for appreciation and respect.
 When appreciated by a member of the opposite sex, it becomes a very special gift.
ii. The growth of sexual responsibility
 Interest in the opposite sex grows.
 To be popular becomes an overriding concern.
 New sexual feelings arise that one has never felt before.
  These feelings and drives move one towards relationships with the opposite sex while at the same
time, bringing fear of one’s competence, one’s attractiveness.
 Love letters become the order of the day.
 Study times become filled with day –dreams of the loved one.

Explain briefly how adolescents were helped through this period traditionally
Traditionally, adolescents were helped through this period by:
 Initiation procedures
 Dances
 Communal work
 Parents arranging marriages.

iii. Learning to mature and care

 One longs to be in the company of someone of the opposite sex one likes.
 One longs to talk and share together with a member of an opposite sex.
 One longs to enjoy the fascination of learning to understand each other’s world and so enlarge
one’s own.

iv. From ‘falling in Love’ to a decision to care

 Infatuation is common i.e. a sudden and intense feeling of loving somebody.
 It includes a desire to sacrifice oneself for and spend one’s life with the special person.
 It can often be mistaken for love.
 It is the first step on the way to learning to love.
 Real love demands a decision to never selfishly exploit the loved one.
 Love demands a decision to care enough for the loved to an extent were one pays the price of
helping the other reach full human and spiritual development.
v. Dating towards selective companionship
 It is the time for companionship leading to sharing.
 One seeks to select the one person one wants to live with in marriage.
 For immature people who integrate their sexuality in a responsible way, it becomes a deceptive
seeking after sexual pleasure.

vi. Keeping the desire for sexual intercourse in perspective

 One needs to remember that sexual intercourse is momentary and fleeting
 Friendship is lasting and solid.
 Friendship is concerned with the total good of the other person, oneself and the relationship.
 Sexual intercourse can be personal or impersonal, generous or selfish.
 Sexual intercourse achieves its fullest potential for building and expressing love only in marriage.

Explain briefly by giving an example of what an adolescent needs to remember as he/she keeps the desire for
sexual intercourse in perspective [Describe ways how an adolescent can keep his/her sexual intercourse in
perspective]
 Sexual intercourse is momentary and fleeting
 Friendship is lasting and solid.
 Sexual intercourse can be personal or impersonal, generous or selfish.
 It can be an expression of love or an empty imitation of one of love’s most profound act.
 Sexual intercourse is a special message for those in marriage.
  Sexual intercourse is an act of violence, attacking the very dignity and worth of another person outside
marriage.

MORE FREEDOM
Show how young people today have more freedom to get to know and choose their marriage partners. This is
because:
 They meet in places of work.
 They go together to dances.
 They go to school/ colleges/ universities together.
 They date each other.
 They correspond by letters, cell phones and internet.

List qualities a man might look for in his future wife

 One who is Kind and loving
 Obedient: Listens to what a man says
 Clean, capable of looking after the home and possessions
 Not quarrelsome
 Welcomes visitors
 One who is able to keep secrets
 Hardworking and preferably employed
 One who is patient; able to discuss with a man, problems in the home.

List qualities a woman might look for in her future husband

 Sociable – good relationship with everyone.
 Self-control and kind.
 Respect for the wife
 Same religion and guided by the same values with husband.
 Faithful to his wife.
 Same interests with wife.
 Cares for the family.
 True love.
 One who treats the wife well.

Give findings of social science regarding the qualities needed to have a good marriage.
 Physical beauty
 Good character
 Should have serious conversation / dialogue
 Similar values
 Love for family life
 Good health
 Consideration of serious misconduct or immoral behavior committed by the partner before marriage
 Total goodness of a person.

HINDU PRACTICES
State ideas about marriage in Hinduism
 Over 90% of Hindu marriages are arranged by parents of the bride and groom.
 Therefore, courtship before marriage is rare.
 Marriage is a bond which nothing but death can break.
  Marriage is a bond between two families.
 No court or high priest has authority to declare a marriage null and void. On incompatibility or any other
ground.
 If there are difficulties in a marriage the father and mother should make the children come together.
 When there are difficulties in a marriage a true Hindu wife resorts to prayer, fasting and sacrifice as the
first step. Secondly, she treats her husband with greater love and devotion and so turns a bad man into
a good husband.
 Faithfulness in marriage is the greatest commandment.
 To covet another man’s wife is the most vicious sin.
 Marriage is a holiest occasion and the greatest event of their lives.
 Divorce is very rare.

MUSLIM MARRIAGE
Mention four aspects of Muslim marriage and briefly explain them.
i. The husband’s obligations:  Must treat wife with kindness.
 Must maintain a wife fully and cheerfully
 Must respect a wife

ii. The wife’s obligations:  Must be honest, faithful, trustworthy and no person other than her
husband access to which is the husband’s exclusivity right i.e. sexual
intimacy.
 Must be attractive, co-operative and responsive
 Must be attentive to the comfort and well-being of her partner
 Must contribute to the success and happiness of the marriage

iii. The dowry: The woman has a right to demand for a dowry.
 It is to assure the woman that she is wanted and needed.
 It shows that the man is willing to undertake his responsibility.
 It is also a way of preventing the man from entering marriage for material motives.

iv. Divorce:  It is a last resort.

 Man and woman must first try to resolve their differences.
 If the two fail to resolve the differences, two arbitrators, one from each side, must
try to make peace.
 Before divorce, the two must be on separation for 12 months.
Explain briefly steps taken for divorce to be granted in a Muslim marriage
 The two parties involved must first try to settle their disputes between themselves.
 If they fail, two arbitrators, one from the husband’s and another from the wife’s relations must try and
make peace between the two.
 A divorce may take place but there must be a waiting period of three to twelve months where the two
live apart.
 The wife continues to be fully supported by the husband.
 Neither may marry another during this time.
 Divorce will be permitted as a last resort.

AFRICAN TRADITION
Give aims of marriage in African traditional society.
 To bear children. Marriage is the means of bearing children for the family, lineage or clan.
  To form an alliance: It brought together two different families.
 To strengthen the bonds of society.
 To promote social harmony.

Give reasons why lobola (bridewealth) or dowry is paid in traditional Zambian society.
 It legalizes a marriage.
Legitimacy means lawfully begotten i.e. born to a legally married
 It gives legitimacy to the children of the union. couple. Authentic, real, genuine.
 It is part of the process of gift exchange.
 It gives compensation to the relatives of the bride for the loss of children born in unions.
 It is a gesture of appreciation to the relatives of the bride for the upbringing of the daughter.
 It helps to stabilize the marriage to a limited extent.
 It is a way of honouring the lineage spirits.

Discuss what the mother advised her daughter during traditional marriage preparation.
 To be obedient to the husband and elders.  To love no one but the one they approved.
 Not to deny sex to the husband except in sickness.  To be a hard worker.
 To have self control and self respect.

What was the father’s or uncle’s advice to the boy about marriage in traditional Zambian Society?
 To care for his wife.  To always love the wife.  To provide for the children.
 Not to use her as a sex object.  To be hardworking.  To look after the in-laws.
 To correct the wife humbly if she goes wrong.

State characteristics that are normally found in traditional marriage rites

 Public witness to the social event of the marriage by speeches, dancing and feasting.
 Seclusion and instruction of the bride.
 Mock hospitality between the two lineages involved.
 The capture and handling over of the bride.
 Initiation of the bride into her domestic duties by means of a symbolic mime.
 The veiling and unveiling of the bride.
 The anointing of the spouses.
 The final discussions to fix the bridewealth.
 The ceremonial bath of the bride.
 Consummation of the marriage either before a witness or with witnesses nearby.
 Gift- exchange

Contrast marriage patterns today with those of traditional society. [Give reasons why there are more unstable
marriages today than in the past]
 Today boys and girls marry without a clear understanding of marriage.
 Freedom of choice. Today boys and girls choose their partners without consulting parents. Parents are
just informed.
 Today marriages are motivated by a desire for material wealth.
 Early involvement in beer drinking. In the past beer drinking was only for married people more
especially those with children.
 Excessive movements- Nowadays there are frequents absences from home, often for unimportant
reasons.

Give reasons why people divorce today and state some of the effects of divorce upon the children
 REASONS EFFECTS
 When the couple fails to have children.  Children are neglected.
 Pressure from parents.  Step parents may be unfair to them.
 Infidelity (The act of not being faithful to  Children may end up being thieves.
your wife or husband).
 Lack of commitment.  Children may end up being prostitutes.
 Early involvement in beer drinking.  They may end up in drugs.

CHURCH HISTORY
List essential things found in a Christian marriage ceremony
 Promising to love and respect each other till death.  Praying for God’s blessings.

State non-essential things found in a modern wedding ceremony

 Having bridesmaids.  Having a wedding cake. Wearing a white dress.
 Having a matron of honour. Holding a wedding reception.  Signing the register.

Sate elements that must be found in a Christian marriage

 Both promise to love and respect each other till death.
 Both try to let Christ teach them the way to love.
 Both try to join their entire lives.
 Both try to be generous, self-sacrificing and self-controlled.
 Both try to trust.  Patience  Care  Fidelity  Humility
 To grow together in God’s presence  To accept frustrations, discourtesies, thoughtlessness and
hurts.
 To treat one another as partners.

BIBLE -OLD TESTAMENT

Use the book of Genesis to illustrate that marriage is willed by God. [Hebrew beliefs of marriage]
 Then the Lord God said, “It is not good for man to live alone.
 I will make a suitable companion to help him.”
 So he took some soil from the ground and formed all the animals and all the birds.
 Then he brought them to the man to see what he would name them,
 And that is how they all got their names. Genesis 2:18- 25
 So the man named all the birds and all the animals,
 But not one of them was a suitable companion to help him.
 Then the Lord God made the man fall into a deep sleep
 While he was sleeping, he took out one of the man’s ribs and closed up the flesh.
 He formed a woman out of the rib and brought her to him.
 Then the man said, at last here is one of my own kind.
 Bone taken from my bone, and flesh from my flesh.
 Woman is her name because she was taken out of man.
 That is why a man leaves his father and mother and is united with his wife; and they become one.
 The man and the woman were both naked, but they were not embarrassed.

Application or b (ii)
Memory’s’ view about marriage completely changed when she got married to Moses. She felt it was better
to lead a single life than live in a marriage which was like a prison. Her husband used to spend most of his
time with his widowed mother who was living in the same town. He claimed that his mother who brought
him up needed his attention more than anyone else. Explain briefly with reference to the above passage in
four ways the advice Memory would give to her husband so that they could live happily in the home.
 Marriage is willed by God so a woman could be a perfect companion to the husband not the
mother.
 Marriage where one partner has still strong ties with family can never succeed.
 Becoming one flesh in marriage can only happen when two partners have truly left their families.
 Husband can still attend to the needs of mother but the wife comes first because they now formed
a new bond together.
 The son cannot be a perfect companion to the mother.

Using the above passage, state things which are necessary to achieve exclusivity, permanency and equality of
respect
 A man must leave his father and mother where the community must recognize in a public ceremony
that the couple is now a new unit in society.
 A man must cling faithfully to his wife.
 The two become one flesh which means a mutual project of sharing possessions, bodies, emotions,
intellect and spirit.

Using the above passage, suggest ideas that can strengthen marriages in Zambia
 Both partners must be faithful to one another.
 Both partners must love and respect each other.
 Both must let God control their marriage.
 Not being ashamed of each other.
 Couples must be using the Bible as a weapon to fight their differences in marriage.

Give the content of a passage from Deuteronomy which talks above divorce at first
 Suppose a man marries a woman and later decides that he doesn’t want her
 Because he finds something about her that he doesn’t like. Deuteronomy 24:1-4
 So he writes out divorce papers, gives them to her
 And sends her away from his home.
 Then suppose she marries another man
 And he also decides that he doesn’t want her
 So he writes out divorce papers, gives them to her
 And sends her away from his home.
 Suppose her second husband dies.
 Her first husband is not to marry her again; he is to consider her defiled.
 If he married her again, it would be offensive to the Lord.
 You are not to commit such a terrible sin in the land that the Lord your God is giving you.

Application or b (ii)
John and Martha have been married for two years and are yet to have a child. Again John’s efforts to have
his wife re-write some subjects in which she did not do well, so that she goes to college have completely
failed because Martha is academically weak. John strongly feels that he has to divorce his wife so that he
can marry someone who is intelligent and who can give him children. Explain briefly in four ways the advice
you would give John so that he does not go ahead with his intentions of divorcing.
 Divorce is not a solution one should just continue encouraging the wife to study
  Divorce is a sin in the eyes of God
 A wife might get engaged into prostitution as a means of survival.
 Dangers of contracting sexually transmitted diseases and AIDS could be high.

State the problems a divorced woman might face in Zambia today

 Difficulties in finding food to feed the children.
 Difficulties in finding money to send children to school.
 Difficulties in finding accommodation.
 Difficulties in bringing up the children as a single parent.
 Difficulties in clothing herself and the children.

Give the content of a passage from the book of Malachi which shows that God hates divorce. (No divorce/
divorce was later condemned)
 This is another thing you do. You drown the Lord’s altar with tears
 Weeping and wailing because he no longer accepts the offerings you bring to him
 You ask why he no longer accepts them
 It is because he knows you have broken your promise to the wife you married when you were young.
 She was your partner, and you have broken your promise to her.
 Although you promised before God that you would be faithful to her.
 Didn’t God make you one body and spirit with her?
 What was the purpose in this?
 It was that you should have children who are truly God’s people. Malachi 2: 13-16
 So make sure that none of you breaks his promise to his wife.
 “I hate divorce”, says the Lord God of Israel.
 I hate it when one of you does such a cruel thing to his wife.
 Make sure that you do not break your promise to be faithful to your wife.

Application or b ii
A couple has been married for five years and has two children. The husband, however, was recently promoted at
his place of work as a manager and he feels he must marry a modern working class woman. Suggest six ideas
that you would give to the husband as advice so that he does not go ahead with his intentions.
 Taking the wife to school so that she becomes a working class.
 It may bring diseases.
 God hates divorce
 Not breaking the promise you made to her
 Marriage is bond that makes a husband and wife one body and spirit.
 It leads to unfaithfulness.
 Children will suffer as they will not have enough time with their mother.

Using the above passage, illustrate with examples what it means to live in a Christian marriage.
 Living in a Christian marriage means trust and fidelity.
 Living in a Christian marriage is a co-operative endeavor.
 Living in a Christian marriage means growing together in love.
 Living in a Christian marriage means companionship.
 Living in a Christian marriage means intimacy.
 Living in a Christian marriage means two people live one life with the same values etc.

Explain some of the attitudes and practices spouses must give up if their marriage is to grow to maturity
  Having extra marital affairs.
 Not being honest.
 Allowing too much interference by outsiders in the marriage.
 Polygamy.
 Not having quality time
 Drinking alcohol excessively.

Explain some of the ways in which a Christian can be trapped into divorcing his wife or her husband
 Wrong advice from friends.
 Pressure from friends.
 Lack of understanding of what marriage is.
 Infidelity
 Lack of children in the marriage.
Brainstorm
List negative effects of divorce on the family

Give the content of a passage from Hosea which gives the elements of a good marriage relationship.
 I will take her into a desert again.
 I will win her back with words of love.
 I will give her back her vineyard and she will respond to me as she did when she was young.
 She will again call me her husband.
 I will remove all weapons of war from the land.
 I will let my people live in peace and safety. Hosea 2:1—3:1
 I will make you my wife.
 I will be true and faithful.
 I will show you constant love and mercy.
 I will make you mine forever.
 I will keep my promises and make you mine.
 You will acknowledge me as Lord.
 I will answer your prayers.
 I will make rain fall on the earth and produce good corn, grapes and olives.
 I will establish you in the land and make you prosper.
 I will show love to those who were called ‘unloved.’
 To those who were called ‘not my people’, will be called my people.
 You must love a woman committing adultery with a lover
 Just as I love the people of Israel.

Give reasons why unfaithfulness and divorce are discouraged in the Church
 Unfaithfulness is love stolen from the one you promised to love till death and instead that love is given
to another.
 God wants marriage to provide companionship till death and unfaithfulness or divorce destroys that
companionship.
 Married love is to be like the love God has for his people and his love is permanent and faithful.
 Married love must include forgiveness and divorce is a denial of forgiveness.

BIBLE -NEW TESTAMENT

Give the content of a passage from the Gospel of John where Jesus healed a marriage relationship
 “Go and call your husband,” Jesus told her, “and come back.”
  “I haven’t got a husband,” she answered.
 Jesus replied, “You are right when you say you haven’t got a husband.”
 You have been married to five men
 And the man you are living with now is not really your husband.
John 4: 16-19
 You have told me the truth.
 “I see you are a prophet, sir,” the woman said.

Application or b ii
Wendy has been married to her husband Moola for eight years and has been blessed with three children. Her
husband recently lost the job when the company he was working for closed down. Life has become very difficult
for her as she is a full time housewife. Wendy has decided to have a steady but secret relationship with a
married man in order to make ends meet. What are the negative effects of such a relationship? Explain in four
ways.
 One can contract diseases and transfer them to the partner.
 Relationship in the homes is likely to be strained.
 Possibility of the marriage breaking up.
 Children suffer.

Give the content of a passage from Ephesians which teaches that marriage is a covenant involving two
partners in genuine love and understanding. (Marriage as a covenant)
 Submit yourselves to one another because of your reverence for Christ.
 Wives submit to your husbands as to the Lord.
 For a husband has authority over his wife.
Ephesians 5:21-33
 Just as Christ has authority over the church
 And Christ is himself the savior of the church, his body.
 and so wives must submit completely to their husbands just as the church submits to Christ
 Husbands love your wives just as Christ loved the church and gave his life for it
 He did this to dedicate the church to God by his word after making it clean by washing it in water
 In order to present the church to himself in all its beauty, pure and faultless without spot or winkle or
any other imperfection
 Men ought to love their wives just as they love their own bodies
 A man who loves his wife loves himself
 People never hate their own bodies
 Instead they feed them and take care of them just as Christ does the church

What advice would you give to a woman who believes she should not submit to her husband because time is
changing?
 I would remind her that submission does not mean slavery.
 I would remind her that submitting is done out of obedience to Christ.
 Correct submission can help a husband to change and respect her, but refusal to submit can lead to
conflict and a struggle for power.
 Submission includes educating her husband to respect her individuality.

From the Gospel of Mark, give the teaching of Jesus regarding divorce (Ideal monogamy/ Jesus teaching on
monogamy)
 Then Jesus left that place, went into the region of Judea.
 Crowds came flocking to him again, and he taught them Mark 10:1-12
 Some Pharisees came to him and tried to trap him
  Tell us, does our law allow a man to divorce his wife?
 What law did Moses give you?
 Moses gave permission for a man to write a divorce notice and send his wife away.
 Moses wrote this law for you because you are so hard to teach.
 But in the beginning, at the time of creation, God made them male and female.
 And for this reason, a man will leave his father and mother and unite with his wife.
 And two will became one
 So they are no longer two, but one.
 No human being then must separate what God has joined together.
 When they went back into the house, the disciples asked Jesus about this matter
 A man who divorces his wife and marries another woman commits adultery against his wife.
 In the same way, a woman who divorces her husband and marries another man commits adultery.

Application or b ii
Your Religious Education teacher has given you an assignment to find out why people divorce. Give four
common reasons why people divorce in your district.
 Due to infidelity.
 Lack of dialogue among couples.
 Wrong advice from friends.
 Pressure from family members.
 Lack of understanding of what marriage is.
 Lack of children in the marriage.

Illustrate with examples the advice you would give to a couple that wants divorce
 Divorce is against God’s teaching.
 It brings unhappiness to children.
 May spread disease in case one remarries.
 The woman may be despised by the community.
 Divorce destroys the companionship.
 Divorce is not a solution but seek forgiveness.

Basing your ideas from the above passage, suggest problems that can befall a polygamous marriage
relationship in Zambia
 It is difficult to create an exclusive, permanent and mutually respectful relationship.
 The marriage partners may not obtain full love from each other as desired.
 The risk of HIV and AIDS and other diseases is higher.
 Jealous and hatred among the wives.
 Too many children to look after.
 There could be problems of favoritism and biasness by the man for some of the wives.

Give the content of a passage from 1 Corinthians which teaches mutual trust and self-giving. (Qualities of an
ideal partner)
 Now, to deal with the matters you wrote about.
 A man does well not marry
 But because there is so much immorality, every man should have his own wife and every woman should
have her own husband.
 A man should fulfill his duty as a husband, and a woman should fulfill her duty as a wife.
 And each should satisfy the other’s needs.
1 Corinthians 7: 1-7
  A wife is not the master of her own body, but her husband is
 In the same way a husband is not the master of his own body, but the wife is.
 Do not deny yourselves to each other
 Unless you agree to do so for a while in order to spend your time in prayer
 But then resume normal marital relations
 In this way you will be kept from giving in to Satan’s temptations because of your lack of self-control.
 I tell you this not as an order but simply as a concession.
 Actually I would prefer that all of you were as I am
 But each one has a special gift from God, one person this gift, another one that gift.

Give signs that would tell that a person is not yet ready to get involved in a lasting relationship
 Running away from responsibilities
 Unfaithful (Having more than one partner)
 Lack of truth
 Failure to keep promises
 Not talking about the future
 When one does not want to know the relatives of the partner.
 Always demanding for sexual intercourse.
Brainstorm
Why should married couples have satisfactory marriage relationship?

MAJOR THEME: MAN’S RESPONSE TO GOD THROUGH FAITH AND LOVE

SUB-THEME: MAN’S TURNING AWAY FROM GOD (MAN’S EVASION OF GOD

PRESENT SITUATION
Give reasons why in today’s world many people give up their beliefs in God
 New cultures coming to Africa brought new ways, new technology and new religious ideas which were
foreign to the people. Christianity seemed to clash with the beliefs of the people.
 Rivalry (competing) for converts from the different churches added to the confusion.
 The mode of living of some Christians practicing racialism, prejudice and exploitation, was a barrier to
accepting God and Christianity.
 For some Africans, God is seen as a white God, identified with the white man’s culture, so he is rejected.
 With technology, man seemed to be able to solve all problems without any reference to God. God was
not needed.
 At times, people joined a church in their area in order to have access to education and medical services.
Baptism became a ritual with little or no meaning for the receivers.

Explain briefly the substitutes for God that man uses to evade God
 Science and technology: Reducing God to  Education: Books and a lot of education
our understanding. hold a key to life.
 Money: Having wealth and profit motive.
  Efficiency: Over-concern with efficiency  Ambition.
makes relationships unimportant and  Sex: To lose oneself in bad things.
impersonal.  Business
 Ideology: Leads to rejection of God, divine  The internet
etc.  Personal interests, like football
 Power
Give reasons why some people give for questioning God’s existence or abandoning their faith.
 They don’t want their freedom to be limited by God.
 They prefer to live in the real world of things and people.
 Religions keep people immature and inefficient.
 God tries to prevent sexual enjoyment.
 God can’t be understood by the human mind.
 They want power and wealth; hence they have no time for other things.
 Religion is not needed for development, technology is enough.
 Some people say that God does not answer prayers and so he is irrelevant.
 Political leaders have used religion to keep their oppressive regimes in power.
 Religion prevents a white God who they reject as they want to be African.
 God lets bad things happen to people.
 Some preachers live lives that contradict what they teach us a result people lose their faith.

ISLAMIC EVASION
Briefly explain the Islamic teaching on hypocrisy/ State signs of evading God in Islam
 A person who pretends to be good but is not is a hypocrite.
 A person who makes a mockery of God.
 One who is selfish
 A hypocrite is not to be addressed as a master.
 A confirmed hypocrite has four traits.
List four traits of a confirmed hypocrite
 Telling lies when speaking.
 Betraying the trust when entrusted.
 When he makes a promise he proves treacherous.
 Using obscene language when quarrelling.

HINDU EVASION
Explain briefly how man is different from animals according to Hinduism
 Man searches for God.
 Man has a good out look to life and right behavior.
 Man tries to see wisdom from God’s point of view.
 Man tries to be wise.
 Man searches for truth.

Show briefly how Maya (illusion concept) can make a Hindu evade God
 Hindus say that this world is a curtain hanging all round us, preventing us from seeing what is behind it.
 What we see is an illusion (Maya).
 To be wise you must be aware of Maya or you will be deceived.
 Looking at this world from a human point of view leads people astray.
 Wisdom means finding ways to discover what lies hidden.
AFRICAN TRADITION
Explain how witchcraft, divination, Traditional Healers, magic and charms are an evasion of God
 Witchcraft: A witch is a person who possess mysterious evil power to harm others by secret means.
* It involves mysterious powers to harm others.
* Witchcraft is used by secret means.
* It is destructive..

* It is anti-social.
* It makes people live in fear.
 Divination:*It is having power to tell whether an illness has been caused by witchcraft or not.
* It is not a harmful process.
* The diviner gives medicine which causes the evil to turn back on the witch.
* People put trust in them rather than in God.

 Traditional healer: * One who uses herbs for curing certain diseases.
* He/she is a good psychologist, a good judge of human behavior with
knowledge of what can remove anxiety from the patient.
* He or she aims at curing the whole person, mind and body at the same time.

 Magic: This is the pretended art of influencing the course of events by secret control of nature or
spirits. A magician is a person who can do simple tricks for entertainment e.g. making a coin
disappear.

 Charms: A charm is an object that is believed to give magical powers to the one who is wearing it.
* Charms are improvised solutions to individual needs
* They are specially designed and made for each individual purpose or need e.g. for love
* Charms are believed to carry magical powers that are beneficial to owner or bearer.
* They are accumulated arts made with magical ingredients on the inside or outside.
* Most charms are decorative and ornamental.
* Every charm is made specifically for one intended purpose.
INDIVIDUAL PURPOSE OF CHARMS (USAGE) EXAMPLES OF ITEMS USED FOR CHARMS
 For love  Beads
 Money  Buttons
 Good luck  Coins
 Protection  Claws and bones
 Career success  Feathers
 Overall well-being of the family  Shells

These are an evasion of God because the people who practice these tend to believe more in them than in God.

CHURCH HISTORY
Discuss briefly the thinking of Tertullian of Carthage and Clement of Alexandria about the relationship
between philosophy and religion
 Tertullian:
 Argued that there was no connection between Christ and popular philosophy.
 The Bible was sufficient.
  Philosophy meant the thinking out of the general causes and principles of things from
observation and reason only.
 Clement:
 Believed that philosophy was a bridge which could lead men to Christ.
 He sensed that God was already at work in non-Christian philosophies and traditional religion.
From church history, explain why the churches became divided
This division can be described in two namely church division and doctrine verses love as follows:

CHURCH DIVISION
 Gnosticism
 Gnostics taught that salvation was acquired through knowledge and experience of the
Spirit
 All matter was evil, only the spirit was good.
 The world was evil as it was made of matter.
 The Jewish Yahweh must also be evil as he created the world.
 The body was evil
 Jesus himself was a pure spirit; his body was only an illusion.

 Montanism
 Taught that salvation was acquired by experiencing the Holy Spirit through ecstasy.
 Truth descended on the believer when he fell into a trance through possession of the Holy
Spirit.
 The speaking in tongues (glossalalia) in the Acts of the Apostles was justification for the
experience of religious ecstasy.
 People practiced self-denial and ran to martyrdom. Many died martyrs in the Roman
persecutions.

 Manicheism:
 Taught that salvation was acquired through discipline of the body.
 Marriages were discouraged
 Believed that to attain salvation they had to live a life of self-denial, centered round fasting and
chastity.
 It spread through India, China and the West and North Africa.

DOCTRINE VERSUS LOVE

 Reformation/ Protestantism in 16th century were started by Martin Luther.
 He protested against the authority of the Pope on the question of indulgence and rejecting the tradition
of medieval Christendom.
 Many Christian groups and churches were formed.
 There were quarrels between Catholics and Protestants; between Lutherans and Calvinists.
 Catholicism and Protestantism remained hostile for centuries against each other.

State effects of divisions in the early years of the church

 Bitter rivalry
 Lack of love
 Lack of unity among the Christians

Explain briefly disagreements between the Christian faith and Gnosticism

  The world (from the Bible) was created good. Gnostics said the world was evil as it was made up of
matter.
 The world was created by God who is good. The Gnostics said God is pure spirit and has nothing to do
with the material world.
 Salvation comes through Jesus Christ. The Gnostics said salvation comes through special knowledge and
experience of the spirit.
 God became flesh in Jesus Christ. The Gnostics said Jesus’ body was just an illusion.

State ideas on how Gnosticism was a way of evading God/ Give the teaching of Gnosticism with which the
Christian church disagrees with.
 Gnosticism taught that salvation was acquired through knowledge.
 It taught that the Jewish God is evil as he created the world.
 All matter is evil and so the world is evil because it is made up of matter.
 Jesus was a pure spirit and so could not have a material body. His body was an illusion.

State reasons that led to the reformation of the Christian church in the 16 th century
 The Church needed reforming so that it becomes more faithful to one teaching of Jesus Christ.
 Martin Luther protested against the authority of the Pope on the question of indulgencies.
 Many people in Germany and England supported him.
 They felt resentment to the way the Church was controlled.
 Luther was against the teaching of transubstantiation i.e. the bread and wine changed into the body and
blood of Jesus Christ.
 Luther was against the teaching on justification by works. He stressed the teaching on justification by
faith.
 Luther did not recognize the sacrament of extreme unction.

THE BIBLE -OLD TESTAMENT

Give the content of the passage from Isaiah which teaches that God is all powerful we should stay with him.
 Do you not know?
 Were you not told long ago?
 Have you not heard how the world began?
 It was made by the one who sits on his throne above the earth and beyond the sky,
 The people below look as tiny as ants.
 He stretched out the sky like a curtain, like the tent in which to live.
 He brings down powerful rulers and reduces them to nothing. Isaiah 40: 21-26
 They are like young plants, just set out and barely rooted.
 When the Lord sends a wind, they dry up and blow away like straw.
 To whom can the Holy God be compared?
 Is there anyone else like him?
 Look up at the sky! Who created the stars you see?
 The one who leads them out like an army, he knows how many they are and calls each one by name.

Give the content of a passage from the Old Testament in which God condemns the Israelites for their empty
prayer to him (Fulfilling ritual only, is an evasion of God)
 Jerusalem, your rulers and your people are like those of Sodom and Gomorrah
 Listen to what the Lord is saying to you
 Pay attention to what our God is teaching you
 Do you think I want all these sacrifices you keep offering to me
  I have had more than enough of the sheep you burn as sacrifices and of the fat of your fine animals
 I am tired of the blood of bulls, sheep and goats
 Who asked you to bring me all this when you come to worship me? Isaiah 1: 10 - 17
 Who asked you to do all this tramping about in my Temple?
 It is meaningless to bring your offerings
 I am disgusted with the smell of the incense you burn
 I cannot stand your New Moon Festivals, your Sabbaths and your religious gatherings
 They are all corrupt by your sins
 I hate your New Moon Festivals and your holy days.
 They are a burden that I am tire of bearing
 When you lift your hands in prayer, I will not look at you
 No matter how much you pray, I will not listen, for your hands are covered with blood
 Wash yourselves clean.
 Stop all this evil that I see you doing
 Yes, stop doing evil.

Show how a pupil in school can evade God through behaviour

 When as a pupil one pretends to be good in the presence of the teacher.
 When as a pupil one preaches about good morals to friends but sexually abuses members of the
opposite sex.
 When as a pupil going to church becomes a mere routine.
 When one observes school rules only in the presence of teachers but breaks them in their absence.

Brainstorm
Show how a Christian can hide in performing outward actions and observance but yet his/her conduct is bad and
is not pleasing or acceptable to God.
Give the content of a passage from the book of Ezekiel in which the king of Tyre has no need of God
 Mortal man tell the ruler of Tyre what I, the Sovereign Lord, am saying to him
 Puffed up with pride, you claim to be a god
 You say that like a god you sit on a throne surrounded by the seas.
 You may pretend to be a god, but no, you are mortal, not divine. Ezekiel 28: 1 -10
 You think you are wiser than Daniel, that no secret can be kept from you
 Your wisdom and skill made you rich with treasures of gold and silver
 You made cleaver business deals
 And you kept making profits
 How proud you are of your wealth!
 Now then, this is what I, the Sovereign Lord, am saying
 Because you think you are as wise as a god
 I will bring ruthless enemies to attack you
 They will destroy all the beautiful things you have acquired by your skill and wisdom
 They will kill you and send you to a watery grave.
 When they come to kill you, will you still claim that you are a god?
 When you face your murderers, you will be mortal and not at all divine.
 You will die like a dog at the hand of godless foreigners.
 I, the sovereign Lord, have given the command.

Show how some leaders today can act like the king of Tyre
 They get rich through dubious means.
  They worship their riches and not God.
 No consideration for the poor.
 Associating themselves with the members of the same status.
 Cheating the poor to gain their vote.
 They have pride because of what they think they have achieved.
 Living in luxury at the expense of the poor (exploitation).

Give examples of how a Zambian in a key position can evade God

 Being indifferent to God
 Profit motive
 To be ego-centric
 Ambition for power
 Plus the points in question 19

Give the content of the Old Testament passage which teaches that selfishness and pride can lead people to
forget God/ Give the content of a passage from Psalms which explains that self centredness and pride lead
some people to deny God (The godless man)
 Fools say to themselves, there is no God
 They are all corrupt, and they have done terrible things
 There is no one who does what is right. Psalm 53: 1-6
 God looks down from heaven at the human race
 To see if there are any who are wise, any who worship him.
 But they have all turned away, they are all equally bad.
 Not one of them does what is right, not a single one.
 Are these evildoers ignorant?
 They live by robbing my people and they never pray to me.
 But then they will be terrified, as they have been before
 God will scatter the bones of the enemies of his people.
 God has rejected them, and so Israel will totally defeat them.
 How I pray that victory will come to Israel from Zion!
 How happy the people of Israel will be
 When God makes them prosperous again.

Application or b ii
You are a member of the debate club and one of the topics to be debated on was the behavior of Grade 12
learners in your school. Prepare four points that show that the conduct and behavior of grade 12 learners in
your school is an evasion of God

Brainstorm
Give examples of how people can deny God by their actions even though they never say this.

THE BIBLE-NEW TESTAMENT

Give the content of the parable of the Rich Fool from the Gospel of Luke which teaches that putting trust in
material things without any thought of either God or fellow men is an evasion of God (Warning against greed)
 A man in the crowd said to Jesus
 Teacher, tell my brother to divide with me the property our father left for us.
Luke 12: 13 -21
 My friend, who gave me the right to judge
  Or to divide the property between you two?
 And he went on to say to them all, watch out and guard yourselves from every kind of greed
 Because a person’s true life is not made up of the things he owns, no matter how rich he may be.
 There was once a rich man who had land which bore good crops.
 He began to think to himself, I haven’t anywhere to keep all my crops. What can I do?
 This is what I will do, he told himself
 I will tear down my barns and build bigger ones, where I will store my corn and all my other goods.
 Then I will say to myself, luck man! You have all the good things you need for many years.
 Take life easy, eat, drink and enjoy yourself!
 But God said to him, you fool! This very night you will have to give up your life, then who will get all
these things you have kept for yourself?
 Jesus concluded, “This is how it is with those who pile up riches for themselves but are not rich in God’s
sight.”
Application or b ii
Your friend has a good job that is paying him well. He rings you and boasts about it. He says, “I am buying myself
a new car, a house, clothes and I will be dining from hotel and nice lodges every day.” Suggest four ways how he
can put his salary to good use in order to avoid turning away from God.

Give the content of the passage of Dives and Lazarus from the Gospel of Luke which teaches that
indifferentism to either God or human beings is an evasion of God. (Selfishness as a way of turning away from
God - Story of the rich man and Lazarus)
 There was once a rich man who dressed in the most expensive clothes and lived in great luxury every
day.
 There was also a poor man named Lazarus covered with sores who used to be brought to the rich man’ s
door
 Hoping to eat bits of food that fell from the rich man’s table.
 Even dogs would come to lick his sores.
 The poor man died and was carried by the angels to sit beside Abraham at the feast in heaven.
 The rich man died and was buried in Hades where he was in great pain.
 He looked up and saw Abraham far away, with Lazarus at his side.
Luke 16:19-31
 So he called out, father Abraham, take pity on me.
 Send Lazarus to dip his finger in some water and cool my tongue, because I am in great pain in this fire.
 But Abraham said, remember my son, that in your life time you were given all the good things, while
Lazarus got all the bad things.
 But now he is enjoying himself here, while you are in pain.
 Besides all that, there is a deep pit lying between us, so that those who want to cross over from here to
you cannot do so.
 Nor can anyone cross over to us from where you are.
 The rich man said, then I beg you father Abraham; send Lazarus to my father’s house where I have five
brothers.
 Let him go and warn them so that they at least will not come to this place of pain.
 Abraham said, your brothers have Moses and the prophets to warn them.
 Your brothers should listen to what they say.
 The rich man answered, that is not enough father Abraham
 But if someone were to rise from death and go to them, then they would turn from their sins.
 But Abraham said, if they will not listen to Moses and the prophets, they will not be convinced even if
someone were to rise from death.
Using the above passage, illustrate with examples how evasion of God can still take place in Zambia.
 Getting rich without any concern for the poor.
 Excessive luxury without any attempt to share.
 Living without any reference to God’s command to love one’s neighbor.
 Getting forward in life through corruption that injures others.
 Getting on in life through any means that injure others.
 Materialism without concern for God or the truth.
 Forgetting to prepare for death.

Give the content of a passage from the Gospel of Matthew which teaches that putting substitutes for God’s
will is an evasion of God/ Give the content of a passage from the New Testament which shows that Jesus
refused to put power and wealth in place of his heavenly Father’s will.
 Then the Spirit led Jesus into the desert to be tempted by the Devil
 After spending forty days and forty nights without food, Jesus was hungry
 Then the Devil came to him and said, if you are God’s Son order these stones to turn into bread
 But Jesus answered, the scripture says, human being cannot live on bread alone
 But need every word that God speaks
 Then the Devil took Jesus to Jerusalem, the Holy City, set Him on the highest point of the Temple
 And said to Him, if you are God’s Son throw yourself down
 For the scripture says God will give orders to the angels about you Matthew 4: 1-11
 They will hold you up with their hands, so that not even your feet will be hurt on the stones
 Jesus answered, do not put the Lord your God to the test
 Then the Devil took Jesus to a very high mountain and showed him all the kingdoms of the world in all
their greatness.
 All this I will give you, the Devil said, if you kneel down and worship me.
 Then Jesus answered, go away Satan! The scripture says, worship the Lord your God and serve only him.
 Then the Devil left Jesus and angels came and helped him.

Brainstorm
Using the passage above, explain the attitude of Jesus towards evasion of God and show how people today can
imitate Jesus.

Give the content of the passage from Matthew which teaches people to put complete trust in God)
 Ask, and you will receive
 Seek, and you will find
 Knock and the door will be opened to you.
 For every one who asks will receive Matthew 7:7-11
 And anyone who seeks will find
 And the door will be opened to those who knock.
 Would any of you who are fathers give your son a stone when he asks for bread?
 Or would you give him a snake when he asks for a fish?
 Bad as you are, you know how to give good things to your children.
 How much more, then, will your father in heaven give good things to those who ask him?