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USER GUIDE

Microsoft NTFS for Mac by Tuxera

Tuxera Inc.
Westendintie 1, FI-02160 Espoo, Finland

Tel: +358 207 641 720


Fax: +358 985 657 002
Website: www.tuxera.com
User Manual TUXERA
Microsoft NTFS for Mac by Tuxera

TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Introduction to Microsoft NTFS for Mac by Tuxera ........................................................... 3
1.1. What is a file system driver?................................................................................................. 3
1.2. How does Microsoft NTFS for Mac by Tuxera work? .......................................................... 4

2. Installing/Uninstalling Microsoft NTFS for Mac by Tuxera ............................................... 5


2.1. Installing NTFS for Mac ........................................................................................................ 5
2.2. Installing on multiple systems (MDM)................................................................................. 10
2.3. Upgrading Microsoft NTFS for Mac .................................................................................... 11
2.4. Uninstalling Microsoft NTFS for Mac .................................................................................. 11

3. Using Microsoft NTFS for Mac by Tuxera ......................................................................... 12


3.1. Mounting and unmounting NTFS volumes ......................................................................... 12
3.2. Creating and formatting NTFS file systems ....................................................................... 12
3.3. Checking and repairing NTFS file systems ........................................................................ 13

4. Customizing Microsoft NTFS for Mac by Tuxera ............................................................. 14


4.1. Disable Microsoft NTFS for Mac by Tuxera ....................................................................... 15
4.2. Enable caching ................................................................................................................... 15
4.3. Always mount unclean volumes ......................................................................................... 16
4.4. Enable Debug Logging ....................................................................................................... 16
4.5. Disable recovery dialog for hibernated volumes ................................................................ 16
4.6. Store extended attributes natively ...................................................................................... 17
4.7. Apply Services for Mac translations for incompatible characters ...................................... 17
4.8. Disable Menu bar icon ........................................................................................................ 17

5. Troubleshooting ................................................................................................................... 18
5.1. Common installation issues ................................................................................................ 18

6. Support.................................................................................................................................. 22

7. Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................. 23

Copyright © 2008–2023 Tuxera Inc., all rights reserved. Tuxera is a trademark of Tuxera Inc. in the United States, Europe, Japan, and other countries.
User Manual TUXERA
Microsoft NTFS for Mac by Tuxera

1. Introduction to Microsoft NTFS for Mac by Tuxera

Thank you for purchasing Microsoft NTFS for Mac by Tuxera 2023! This manual will explain what
NTFS for Mac is, how to install it, and how to use it.

Microsoft NTFS for Mac is a file system driver, developed to enable full read/write support for NTFS-
formatted storage media on macOS. It is based on the open-source NTFS-3G project, which
supports other operating systems (Linux, FreeBSD, Solaris, etc.) as well.

The current version of Microsoft NTFS for Mac can be used with both Intel- and Apple silicon-based
Macs. It can be used with the following operating systems:

Release version Release title Platform Support status


macOS 14 Sonoma Intel/Apple silicon Supported
macOS 13 Ventura Intel/Apple silicon Supported
macOS 12 Monterey Intel/Apple silicon Supported
macOS 11 Big Sur Intel/Apple silicon Supported
macOS 10.15 Catalina Intel Legacy
macOS 10.14 Mojave Intel Legacy
macOS 10.13 High Sierra Intel Legacy
macOS 10.12 Sierra Intel Legacy
MacOS X 10.11 El Capitan Intel Legacy
MacOS X 10.10 Yosemite Intel Legacy
MacOS X 10.9 Mavericks Intel Legacy

1.1. What is a file system driver?


A file system driver is a software component that interprets the structures of the file system and
presents a logical hierarchical view to applications that use it. File system drivers are either a part of
the operating system or they are supplied as extension modules, as is the case with Microsoft NTFS
for Mac by Tuxera. macOS includes the following drivers for disk-based file systems:

• HFS+ / “Mac OS Extended” (full support)


• HFSX / “Mac OS Extended (Case-sensitive)” (full support)
• APFS / "Apple File System" (macOS 10.12 and later) (full support)
• FAT / “MS-DOS File System” (full support)
• exFAT / “exFAT File System” (full support)
• NTFS / “Windows NT File System” (read only)
• ISO-9660 / “ISO 9660 File System” (full support)
• UDF / “Universal Disk Format” (full support)

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1.2. How does Microsoft NTFS for Mac by Tuxera work?


macOS has a plugin-based file system interface, which allows third party developers to extend the
operating system with new file system driver bundles in order to give it the ability to recognize, mount,
create, and repair file systems that aren’t supported out-of-box. The Microsoft NTFS for Mac pack-
age takes advantage of this extensibility, fusing the file system driver (which is external to the oper-
ating system) together with macOS.

File system drivers usually live in the kernel, the core of the operating system, which makes writing
them a risky business. If mistakes are made designing or implementing a kernel driver, it could easily
crash the whole system. This is not the case with Microsoft NTFS for Mac. Our driver lives in “user
space”—where all other applications are run—and is linked to the kernel through a file system bridge
known as macFUSE (a Mac port of FUSE or “Filesystem in USErspace”, originally created for the
Linux kernel).

This approach makes Microsoft NTFS for Mac safer and more portable, since system stability is not
affected in the event something goes awry with the file system driver. A theoretical downside with a
user space driver is that CPU usage will be higher due to increased kernel/user space communica-
tion, which may result in slower read/write speeds. In practice, however, the performance of Mi-
crosoft NTFS for Mac is comparable to that of kernel-based drivers.

The performance of Microsoft NTFS for Mac is often more than double that of its open-source coun-
terpart, NTFS-3G. The following graphs represent a performance comparison between NTFS-3G
and Microsoft NTFS for Mac on three different types of storage media:

• SATA – Hard drive attached via a SATA link


• USBHD – Hard drive attached via a USB 2.0 cable
• USBMEM – USB 2.0 flash drive

Figure 1. Microsoft NTFS for Mac by Tuxera speed comparison (shorter time implies better performance)

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2. Installing/Uninstalling Microsoft NTFS for Mac by Tuxera

2.1. Installing NTFS for Mac


Installing NTFS for Mac is no more complicated than installing other programs, as a standard macOS
Installer package is used for distribution.

Like with most software on the Mac platform, the installer is delivered within a disk image (.dmg-file).
After the download is complete, double-click on the .dmg-file to mount the disk image and to display
its contents in Finder.

You will see two items inside the disk image: ‘Install Tuxera NTFS’ and ‘User Manual’. Double-
clicking on ‘Install Tuxera NTFS’ launches the package installer, which will guide you through the
setup process for Microsoft NTFS for Mac. You will need an administrator password for your Mac
during the installation, since some files need to be placed in protected system folders.

2.1.1. Setup walkthrough

Figure 2a. Installer disk image contents

Figure 2b. Gatekeeper warning

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Figure 2c. Second Gatekeeper warning

Figure 2d. License Agreement

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Figure 2e. Agree to the terms in order to continue

Figure 2f. Confirm installation

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Figure 2g. Copying files

Figure 2h. Entering Product Key

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As of macOS 10.13 “High Sierra”, third party kernel extensions are not permitted to load without
express permission from the user, to enhance system security. During setup, after copying the files
has been completed, you are now generally prompted to approve loading our system extension from
within System Settings:

Figure 2i. System Extension Blocked

The location of the notice about the blocked extension will be slightly different between different
versions of macOS. On older versions of macOS or Mac OS X, System Settings was known as
System Preferences. This is what System Settings looks like as of macOS 13 “Ventura”:

Figure 2j. Allowing extension in System Settings

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2.2. Installing on multiple systems (MDM)

2.2.1. Automating setup with remote management tools


To automate the install process with remote management tools such as Jamf or InTune, you can
extract the Install Tuxera NTFS.mpkg-file from the Packages/Flat-subdirectory of the installer app
bundle. The installer places our kernel extension and utilities into the /Library/Filesystems-directory
on the target Macs.

In order to remove the need for each user individually to approve the extension on their workstations,
you need to use your management tool to specify that extensions signed with our Developer- or
Team ID (PPNVCC9Z68) are allowed without intervention. Please consult the documentation for the
tool you are using for specific instructions.

2.2.2. Activation
Normally activating NTFS for Mac requires entering a product key during installation, or into the
designated field on the Activation-tab in System Settings after installation has been completed. This
activation method can become tedious in an organization with a volume license and a large number
of Macs. To activate a series of workstations without this manual step, a settings file endowed with
a valid volume license needs to be obtained from the Tuxera Support Team.

The settings file contains activation data specific to each volume license and cannot be generated
by the client. The client will generate conflicting data if activated manually. If you’ve previously had
NTFS for Mac installed and activated, the conflicting data can be found in:

/Library/Application Support/Tuxera NTFS/.activation

You can use your preferred method of distribution to copy the included com.tuxera.NTFS.plist-file
to /Library/Preferences/ on the systems you wish to activate.

2.2.3. Verifying success


Please note that a reboot is required after a successful installation! After completing the installation
and activation, you can ensure that the kernel extension loads by running the following command
with administrator privileges (using sudo, for example):

kextutil -v 6 /Library/Filesystems/tuxera_ntfs.fs/Contents/Resources/Support/10.9/tuxera_ntfs.kext

To make sure the extension is loaded, you can use the command

kextstat | grep -v com.apple

Figure 2k. Verifying kernel extension is loaded

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2.3. Upgrading Microsoft NTFS for Mac


Microsoft NTFS for Mac notifies its users about new updates via the menu icon at the top of the
screen. If an update for the software is found, a notification is displayed and you are directed to the
Updates-tab, where the update can be applied with the click of a button:

Figure 3. Update

2.4. Uninstalling Microsoft NTFS for Mac


NTFS for Mac can be easily uninstalled using the ‘Uninstall Microsoft NTFS by Tuxera...’-button on
the General-tab withing System Settings.

Figure 4. Uninstalling NTFS for Mac

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3. Using Microsoft NTFS for Mac by Tuxera

3.1. Mounting and unmounting NTFS volumes


After NTFS for Mac is installed, it overrides the macOS internal NTFS driver and automatically
mounts NTFS volumes connected to the system. Any volume that was previously mounted with the
built-in NTFS driver will instead be mounted through NTFS for Mac. No user intervention is
necessary.

When exchanging data between computers running Windows and your Mac, always be sure to use
the feature known as ‘Safely remove hardware’ before detaching your storage device. If this feature
is not used, problems can result mounting the volume on your Mac due to errors or inconsistencies
in the state of the file system. Should you get an error message when attempting to mount an NTFS
volume on your Mac, please use 'chkdsk' in Windows to correct problems with the volume in
question.

Microsoft NTFS for Mac by Tuxera will also warn before mounting “hibernated” partitions, or
partitions that contain a hibernated state of a Windows system, since this can also lead to data loss.

On your Mac, safely detaching an NTFS volume works just as with any other file system; simply click
on ‘Eject’-button adjacent to the volume name in Finder or Disk Utility, or drag and drop the volume
icon into the Trash in Dock.

3.2. Creating and formatting NTFS file systems


Microsoft NTFS for Mac integrates with macOS’ Disk Utility for file system creation and upkeep.
Since NTFS volumes cannot be placed inside APFS-containers, one must choose the top-level
device from within Disk Utility and then click on ‘Erase’ when attempting to switch the volume type
from APFS to NTFS. In order to do so, you must ensure that Show All Devices is toggled through
the View-menu:

Figure 5. Disk Utility volume list

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For removable storage devices that you will also use in Windows, it is preferred to select the legacy
Master Boot Record (MBR) partitioning scheme, when possible. This gives the widest compatibility
with different versions of the Windows operating-system.

Figure 6. Choosing a partitioning scheme

When a larger storage device is used, selecting GUID Partition Map will be necessary due to the
limitations of MBR regarding individual volume sizes.

Disk Utility can also be used in Terminal with the command diskutil. Type the diskutil command in a
Terminal-window without any parameters for a brief set of instructions on its use. When using the
command, the file system parameter “Tuxera NTFS” can be specified where applicable.

Note that NTFS file systems should not be used in conjunction with the Apple Partition Map
partitioning scheme. Apple Partition Map was used by default on the now vintage-classified
PowerPC Macs and cannot be read by any Windows system.

3.3. Checking and repairing NTFS file systems


Microsoft NTFS for Mac includes Tuxera's NTFS repair tool, ntfsck, which can be used when an
NTFS volume does not mount or has problems. It is called automatically by Disk Utility with the
commands:

diskutil verifyVolume diskXsY


diskutil repairVolume diskXsY

In addition, you can always check and repair NTFS volumes in Windows. Please see the following
link for more details: https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/kb/2641432

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4. Customizing Microsoft NTFS for Mac by Tuxera


The settings for Microsoft NTFS for Mac by Tuxera are managed via System Settings accessible
from the Dock or through the Apple-menu.

The settings are laid out on several tabs:

• General – Settings that apply to all NTFS volumes, or overall driver function

• Volumes – Settings that can be set to apply to an individual file system or disk

• Activation – Licensing and product key

• Updates – Check for, and update to the latest version

• About – Brief summary about NTFS for Mac

Figure 7. Microsoft NTFS for Mac by Tuxera settings

You are required to authenticate as an administrator by clicking on the padlock-icon at the bottom
left corner of the window and entering your password in order to make changes to the driver settings
on the General-tab, since they apply system-wide.

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4.1. Disable Microsoft NTFS for Mac by Tuxera

4.1.1. Globally
You can disable Microsoft NTFS for Mac without uninstalling it by clicking the ‘Disable’- toggle-button
on the General-tab in settings. When disabled, NTFS for Mac will ignore all NTFS volumes that are
attached to the system and pass on the mount request to the built-in NTFS driver (or any other
installed NTFS driver with a higher priority).

Once disabled, all driver options are grayed out, and the toggle label is changed to ‘Enable’.

Microsoft NTFS for Mac is enabled by default.

4.1.2. For a single volume


If you only want NTFS for Mac to ignore a specific volume, select the desired volume from the drop-
down list on the Volumes-tab of the preference pane and toggle ‘Disable Tuxera NTFS’.

This setting is governed by the control file: .Tuxera-NTFS/disable-driver at the root of the volume.

To re-enable the volume this file will have to be removed. Removing the file can be tricky since the
volume will now only be mounted in read-only mode. To get around this, connect the storage device
to a computer running Windows and remove the file that way, or force your volume to mount with
the write-option via Terminal on your Mac.

4.2. Enable caching

4.2.1. Globally
You can disable the internal caching layer by unchecking the ‘Enable file system caching’-option in
the preference pane. Disabling the caching layer is usually preferable when there are concerns about
data consistency in the event of a system crash. For instance, if you're running a database on the
NTFS volume, it is ideal to have as few layers of caching as possible to guarantee the integrity of
the data.

Turning off the caching layer reduces performance considerably and is not recommended for general
use. Caching is enabled by default.

4.2.2. For a volume


To disable the caching layer for a specific volume, select the volume on the Volumes-tab of the
preference pane and toggle the ‘Disable file system caching’-option.

This setting is governed by the control file: .Tuxera-NTFS/disable-caching at the root of the volume.

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4.3. Always mount unclean volumes

If you regularly attach volumes that have not been cleanly unmounted—for instance if your
colleagues regularly forget to use the “Safely remove hardware” feature before detaching NTFS
drives from a Windows computer—then you may suppress the dialog from Microsoft NTFS for Mac
and automatically recover any attached NTFS volume by enabling the ‘Always mount unclean
volumes’-option.

This option is enabled by default.

4.4. Enable Debug Logging

If something doesn't seem to work properly, or you want to find out what happens when you attach
an NTFS volume for troubleshooting purposes, you can enable debug log to get more information.

To do so, tick the checkbox for the ‘Enable debug logging’-option.

When debug log is enabled, the utility that helps mount, format, and probe volumes (among other
important things) writes more detailed information in designated log files.

The log file is saved to /Library/Logs/tuxera_ntfs_util.log, but if access to this location is prohibited,
it will be placed in the user's local library instead (~/Library/Logs/tuxera_ntfs_util.log).

Note: NTFS for Mac will always log errors regardless of this setting. Debug log provides extremely
verbose and detailed log entries more suitable for bug reports.

This option is disabled by default.

4.5. Disable recovery dialog for hibernated volumes

This option disables the dialog that Microsoft NTFS for Mac displays when encountering a volume
containing a hibernated Windows session. The dialog asks the user for permission to purge that
session in order mount the volume. If this option is toggled, mounting a volume will silently fail when
a hibernated Windows session is encountered, and the risk of data loss due to carelessly choosing
the wrong option in the dialog is eliminated.

This option is disabled – or not toggled - by default.

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4.6. Store extended attributes natively


This option makes Microsoft NTFS for Mac store extended attributes such as Finder metadata,
resource forks, and other custom attributes natively, mapping them to NTFS Alternate Data Streams.
When turned off, extended attributes are stored in an additional file prefixed with the dot- and
underscore-characters; ie. ‘._’

This option is enabled by default

4.7. Apply Services for Mac translations for incompatible characters


This option enables the automatic translation of characters in file- and attribute names that can’t be
used with NTFS or read by Windows Explorer. The characters are translated following an established
scheme used by Services for Mac in Windows.

This option is enabled by default.

4.8. Disable Menu bar icon


The menu bar icon gives easy access to Tuxera Disk Manager, NTFS for Mac preferences, and will
signal updates by changing appearance. If this setting is toggled, the menu bar icon will be hidden.

The menu bar icon is enabled by default.

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5. Troubleshooting
5.1. Common installation issues

5.1.1. Your current security settings prevent the installation of system extensions
On newer Macs, especially with Apple M1 or M2-processors, the default macOS security policy no
longer allows third party extensions by default. During the installation, when prompted to allow the
blocked extension, you may encounter the following notice:

Figure 8. Security settings prevent installing system extensions

When this occurs, the security policy must be changed to accommodate Microsoft NTFS for Mac:

• Turn off your Mac.

• Turn your Mac back on, but keep holding the power button past the startup chime and Apple
logo until you see a boot option selection screen. [Figure 9a]

• Choose Options, click on 'Continue', and enter your password if prompted to do so.

• From the menu at the top of the screen, choose Utilities > Startup Security Utility [Figure 9b]

• After selecting your primary hard disk, click on the button labeled 'Security Policy...' [Fig. 9c]

• Toggle the Reduced Security-mode and check the option to Allow user management of ker-
nel extensions from identified developers, then click 'OK'. [Figure 9d]

• Restart your Mac.

Please see the next page for a visual walk-through of these steps!

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Figure 9a. Startup Options

Figure 9b. Utilities-menu in Startup Options

Figure 9c. Select system for which the security policy will be changed

Figure 9d. Set to ‘Reduced Security’ and allow managing kernel extensions

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5.1.2. The warning about a blocked extension does not appear


This particular issue typically presents on macOS 10.13 “High sierra” or 10.14 “Mojave” and is
caused by incorrect permissions for some critical directories on the system.

The easiest way to confirm this issue is to load our extension manually via Terminal, and observe
the output.

To do this, open Terminal (Applications → Utilities → Terminal) and enter the following command
(with sudo):

kextutil -v 6 /Library/Filesystems/tuxera_ntfs.fs/Contents/Resources/Support/10.9/tuxera_ntfs.kext

If the permissions are incorrect, you will see the following in the output after entering the command:

Error making temporary directory: 1


Memory allocation failure.
Unable to stage kext (/Library/Filesystems/tuxera_ntfs.fs/Contents/Re-
sources/Support/10.9/tuxera_ntfs.kext) to secure location.

Fixing the issue requires starting macOS Recovery. To do so, power down and restart your Mac
while holding the buttons ⌘+R on your keyboard. Hold the buttons before you hear the startup chime
and until you see a progress bar. If you succeed, you will enter the macOS Utilities-menu:

• Click on the Utilities-menu at the top of the screen and choose Terminal.

• Enter the following command into the Terminal:

chflags restricted '/Volumes/Macintosh HD/private/var/db/KernelExtensionManagement'

• If you've entered the command correctly and there are no error messages, you can restart
your Mac through the Apple-menu and resume installing NTFS for Mac.

Please see the next page for a visual walk-through of these steps!

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5.1.3. A warning about a conflicting NTFS driver is shown


If another third party NTFS driver installed, you may be shown a notice about it.

The presence of another driver can interfere with the functioning of NTFS for Mac and as such it is
strongly recommended that the other driver be removed.

Due to the nature of third party file system drivers on macOS, methods such as dragging and drop-
ping the application to the Trash are likely not sufficient to completely remove the software, as not
all of the software resides in the app-bundle. You will need to consult the instructions supplied with
the other driver to determine how to remove the components that are not in the Applications-folder.

6. Support
As a licensee of Microsoft NTFS for Mac by Tuxera, you are entitled to our priority customer support
for this product. If you experience any problems, we encourage you to browse our Help Center at
https://macsupport.tuxera.com/

If you can’t find an answer there, email us directly at [email protected]

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7. Acknowledgements
This package would not exist if it were not for the following projects/individuals:

• The NTFS-3G project, led by Szabolcs Szakacsits

• The macFUSE project, led by Amit Singh

• Csaba Henk and Alejandro Pulver, who integrated FUSE and NTFS-3G into FreeBSD, thus
also providing the foundation for NTFS-3G running on Mac OS X

• The FUSE: Filesystem in USErspace project, led by Miklos Szeredi, which provides the
foundation for user space file system development

• The Linux-NTFS project, led by Anton Altaparmakov, which provides many important tools
used in this package

• Paul Marks, who created the first NTFS-3G file system bundle for Mac OS X and documented
many of the aspects on how the DiskArbitration framework handles volumes

A shout out to Jason Dee and Boxiong Li for helping improve the Chinese translation!

We also want to thank many other contributors and testers within the community.

Tuxera® is a trademark of Tuxera Inc.

Mac®, macOS® and Mac OS® are trademarks of Apple Inc.

Windows® and NTFS are trademarks of Microsoft Corporation.

Other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.

Copyright © 2008–2023 Tuxera Inc., all rights reserved. Tuxera is a trademark of Tuxera Inc. in the United States, Europe, Japan, and other countries.

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