Unit 2

Applying for a job

English
Table of
English | UNIT 2
Applying for a job

Contents
Grammar
1. Present perfect simple.
2. Present Perfect Simple and Past Simple.
3. Present Perfect Continuous.
4. Present Perfect Simple versus Present Perfect Continuous.
5. Comparative and Superlative of adjectives.
6. Prepositions of place (at, in, on, under, between, behind, in front of, next to).

Vocabulary
1. Differences between job and work.
2. A closer look at the business terms.
3. Useful adjectives to describe job profiles.
4. Differences between do and make.
5. Idioms.
 English | UNIT 2
Applying for a job

In this unit, we are going to…

+ Manage with the different verbal tenses (present perfect simple versus continuous).

+ Revise the difference between past simple and present perfect simple.

+ Use comparative and superlatives adjectives.

+ Learn the prepositions of time.

+ Learn useful language related to business terms.

+ Learn how to differentiate between job and work, make and do.

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Grammar In general, we use this tense when something happened in the

past and it has a result now or we do not know when it happened.

He´s has forgotten her name// I´ve seen him before.

Present Perfect Simple can be used with:

1. Present perfect simple
› Ever: it means “alguna vez”. It is possible to use the
We form the Present Perfect Simple using have or has + past adverb of frequency “never” but in this case, it expresses
participle. The past participle ends in -ed/-d (worked) or it is an experience not frequency.
irregular verb (paid).
Have you ever worked in a factory? No, never.

Present Perfect Simple › Just: it means “acabar de”.

Affirmative Negative Interrogative She´s just left the room.

›
I have/´ve I have not/ haven´t Have I
For and Since: we use these words to indicate time. For
You have/´ve You have not/ haven´t Have You with a period of time and since with a time.

He has/´s He has not/hasn´t Has He I´ve lived in London for three years
I´ve lived in London since I was a child.
She has/´s She has not/hasn´t Has She

It has/´s
worked
It has not/hasn´t
worked
Has It
worked …? › Already: it means “ya” and it is used to express that
something happened sooner than we thought.
We have/´ve We have not/ haven´t Have We
A Please, don´t forget to email the document!
You have/´ve You have not/ haven´t Have You B I´ve already done it.

They have/´ve They have not/ haven´t Have They

• Yet: you can use it in negative and interrogative
sentences, and it always goes at the end.

Have you finished yet? No, not yet.

Short answer: (¿has acabado “ya”?, no, “aún” no).

Yes, I have. No, I haven´t. There are some expressions or words such as “it is the first
time… / the second time…, recently, today, this evening…”, how
Yes, he, she, it has. No, he, she, it hasn´t.
long…? which are used in this tense.
Yes, we, you, they have. No, we, you, they haven´t.
It is the second job she has had this year.
The past participle of regular verbs is the same as the past simple.
For the past participles of irregular verbs, have a look at unit 1.

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Shall we practise?

1.1. Build sentences in positive, negative, or interrogative 1.2. Complete the second sentence with a similar
using Present Perfect Simple. meaning using the Present Perfect Simple.

1. (I / be / to the meeting today). 1. I can’t find my purse. (lose)

__________________________________________________ I ________________________.

2. (you / keep a pet for three years) 2. Harry can’t remember the time of the interview. (forget)

__________________________________________________ Harry ___________________.

3. (you / eat Thai food before?) 3. Emily is on her way to the bank. (go)

__________________________________________________ Emily ____________________.

4. (it / rain all day?) 4. I don’t know that woman. (never/meet)

__________________________________________________ I ________________________.

5. (who / we / forget to invite?) 5. There’s something wrong with my computer desk. (break)

__________________________________________________ My computer desk ________________.

6. (we / not / hear that song )

__________________________________________________

7. (he / not / forget his laptop)

__________________________________________________

8. (she / steal all the money!)

__________________________________________________

9. (I / explain it well?)

__________________________________________________

10. (who / he / meet recently?)

__________________________________________________

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1.3. Put the verb in brackets in the right way to form this 1.5. Complete the sentences with already, just, or yet.
tense.
1. She´s __________ passed her driving test. She doesn’t
1. ___________(she/ever/pay) the rent? need lessons.

2. They __________(open/just) the files. 2. Those men haven’t apologised __________.

3. The employment rate __________(drop) since last 3. Victor hasn’t phoned me __________.
months.
4. Guess what? Peter’s __________ said he’s leaving.
4. Our budget ______ (grow) more than 40% in a few weeks.
5. Have you found your glasses __________?
5. They __________(receive) unemployment benefit but
luckily, they _________(already/find) a job. 6. We’ve __________been on holiday this year.

6. My flatmate _______ (be) out of work but she __________

(already/hunt) a job in a database business. 1.6. Use for or since.

7. After being really anxious, all the employees_________ 1. _____a long time.
(hold) the job down for another year.
2. _____we were friends.
8. I_________(sign) my permanent contract yet. __________
(you/sign) yours? 3. _____a while.

4. _____lunch time.
1.4. Put the adverbs in the correct place.
5. _____summer.

1. Their plane hasn’t taken off. (yet) 6. _____decades.

__________________________________________________ 7. _____I saw her in the underground.

2. This letter has arrived for you. (just) 8. _____2015.

__________________________________________________ 9. _____ages.

3. I’ve seen this film. (already) 10. _____an hour.

__________________________________________________

4. We haven’t met the new boss. (yet)

__________________________________________________

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1.7. Correct the mistakes.

1. I knew her for 6 years.

2. We don’t see him since last week.

3. She played basketball since she was 8.

4. We’ve lived in London since ages.

5. How long are you here?

6. He worked for that company for six years and now he’s
the manager.

TO KEEP IN MIND!

+ Employment rate: the percentage of people who are

employed.
+ To drop: it means to fall.
+ Budget: a plan to show how much money you will need
to spend.
+ To hunt a job: to try to find a job.
+ Database business: it means all business and personal
information which has been recorded.
+ Hold down: to succeed in keeping a job.

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2. Present Perfect Simple Shall we practise?

and Past Simple
A QUICK REMINDER!!!
2.1. Fill the gaps with the right tense (past simple or
present perfect simple).

_________(you/ever/have) a horrible week? Mine_________

Past Simple Present Perfect Simple
(be) a disaster. First of all, I _________(make) a big mistake
It is used with unfinished on Monday, I_________(forget) an important meeting and
It is used with finished actions which started in the I_________(lose) some necessary documents.
actions. past but continue to the
present. On Wednesday, I_________ (get) late to the office because of the
rain and I _________(not/be) on the online meeting. In addition, I
don´t know why I _________(not/send) an email to a firm in Paris.

On Thursday, I_______ (download) a virus onto my laptop and

now it´s been repairing.

Yesterday we_______(have) a business lunch in a Chinese

restaurant. It is the first time I_________(eat) frog legs.
I_________(be) sick since then. Eventually, today I´m going to a
concert tonight and I_________ (look for) the tickets but I can´t
find them. So that means I´m in a serious problem.

2.2. Choose the right option.

1. She hasn’t found a job yet / She didn’t find a job.

2. Did he go yesterday?/ Has he gone yesterday?

3. Who did you see last night? / who have you seen last night?

4. I’ve already given you £30/ I gave you £30. That’s enough!

5. A: You look very smart.

B: I’ve just had a job interview/ I just had a job interview.

6. I haven’t written the report yet/ I didn’t write the report yet.

7. We went to England three years ago/ I’ve been to

England three years ago.

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2.3. Correct the mistakes. 2.4. Complete the gaps with the correct form of the
verbs. Use Past Simple or Present Perfect Simple.
1. Have you ever eat Japanese food?
1. Joe __________ (not call) me recently.
__________________________________________________
2. They __________ (buy) a new computer last month.
2. Mr Black already left the office.
3. The teacher__________ (not return) the tests yet.
__________________________________________________
4. How long ________ he________ (know) about this problem?
3. He has moved to another city last year.
5. __________ you ever __________ (hear) such an
__________________________________________________ unbelievable gossip?
4. They haven’t been abroad since a year. 6. When I was a child, I ________ (live) in England for four years.
__________________________________________________ 7. He _________ (buy) me a nice gift for my birthday last week.
5. We have sent out the mails yet. 8. I am so excited to have a job. I__________ (always / want)
to be in that post.
__________________________________________________
9. I ________ (be) in London for three years. I love being here.
6. The online video conference has started ten minutes ago.
10. We __________ (see) Sam last night.
__________________________________________________
11. He _________ (be) an assistant before everything.
7. Mike hasn’t seen Lis since she has graduated.
12. When the boss __________(walk) into the room, we
__________________________________________________
__________ (know) someone was going to get fired.
8. Did he just leave?
13. The children __________ (break) a window in the school
__________________________________________________ last week.

14. She___________ (watch) that film last year.

15. Mary _________ (break) her leg, so she can’t come working.

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3. Present Perfect Continuous

We use this tense when we refer to actions done many times in
a period of time from the past until now.

“She´s been rewriting the emails since she arrived at the office”.

Pay attention to its structure:

Present Perfect Continuous Short answer:

Affirmative Negative Interrogative Yes, I have. No, I haven´t.

have/´ve have not/ Yes, he, she, it has. No, he, she, it hasn´t.
I I Have I been
been haven´t been
Yes, we, you, they have. No, we, you, they haven´t.
have/´ve have not/
You You Have you been
been haven´t been
› We also use “for”, “since” and “how long…?” with this tense.
has not/
He has/´s been He
hasn´t been
Has he been “How long have you been waiting for me? Since 3 o´clock”.

has not/
She has/´s been She Has she been
hasn´t been
working working working?
has not/
It has/´s been It Has it been
hasn´t been

have/´ve have not/

We We Have we been
been haven´t been

have/´ve have not/

You You Have you been
been haven´t been

have/´ve have not/

They They Have they been
been haven´t been

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Shall we practise?

3.1. Write a sentence using the Present Perfect 3.2. Put the tense with for or since into the gaps.
Continuous with for and since.
1. She ________ (work) In the Call Centre _____ last summer.
1. She started her course a month ago and she is still doing it.
2. How long__________(you/support) the new employers?
__________________________________________________ Just_____ a few days.

2. We started looking for administrative assistants long 3. They _________(not/make) the phone calls
time ago and we are still looking for them. because they_________(meet) with the head of the
department_____3 hours.
__________________________________________________
4. He________ (work) in a part-time job_____ ages.
3. They started planning the sales forecasting last week
and they are still doing it. 5. I________ (write) to find out if you were available this
morning.
__________________________________________________
6. They __________ (not/receive) any counteroffer until now.
4. We arrived here two hours ago, and we are still waiting.
7. My eyes are getting tired. I _________ (work) _________ 10.
__________________________________________________
8. Bill hopes to find a new job soon. He _______ (look for) in the
5. He started dealing with the provider´s complaints at 9 paper and on the Internet every day ______ the past month.
o´clock and he is still with it.
9. The boss ___________ (talk) on the telephone _________
__________________________________________________ over an hour.
6. She works in a bank. She got her bank job last May. 10. I __________ (do) this report _______ the past two days.

__________________________________________________

7. The officers are working now. They started to work an

hour ago.

__________________________________________________

8. It´s raining. It began to rain last night.

__________________________________________________

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3.3 Use this tense and your own ideas to complete the 3.4. Use the correct WH question to build an interrogative
sentences. sentence. The underline word is the answer to the question.

1. Why are you so tired? Because I ________ all morning. _____________________________________________?

2. Why did the teacher phone his parents? Because 1. She has been talking to her boss for the past hour.
______________ for the exam of the past month.
_____________________________________________?
3. Why does it smell so good in the kitchen? Because
_______________ all afternoon. 2. Len has been waiting for Saul for over an hour.

_____________________________________________?

TO KEEP IN MIND! 3. The workers have been working all afternoon.

_____________________________________________?
+ Administrative assistant: a person employed to assist with
correspondence, make appointments and carry out similar 4. Annie has been waiting in the coffee shop for Mark.
activities.
+ Sale forecasting: a prediction of the future sales of a pro- _____________________________________________?
duct based on a special information such as trends or
market surveys. 5. She’s been cooking all day because she’s having a big
party tonight.
+ Complaint: it is a statement where you express your
discontent with a particular situation. _____________________________________________?
+ To support: it means to give assistance to.
6. He’s been walking to work all week because he wants to
+ Head of the department: someone who is in charge of the get some exercise.
department.
+ Part-time job: it is a way to be employed but with fewer _____________________________________________?
hours per week than a full-time job.
7. It’s been snowing since last night.
+ Available: someone who is not busy or something that can
be used. _____________________________________________?
+ Counteroffer: it is a response given to an initial offer.
8. Mrs Brown has been living in our old apartment since
we moved out.

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4. Present Perfect Simple versus Shall we practise?

Present Perfect Continuous
A QUICK REMINDER!!!
4.1. Put into practice your knowledge and complete
the gaps with the Present Perfect Simple or Present
Perfect Continuous.
Present Perfect Simple Present Perfect Continuous
1. How long_________(you/read) this article?
The relevant information We are interest in the activity
is the action which has and it doesn´t matter 2. They are still setting the goals for the campaign.
finished. We are interested in whether it has finished or They_________ (talk) about them the whole day.
the result. not.
3. She began her project around Europe two months
ago. She__________(travel) for a couple of weeks and
she________(visit) three countries so far.

4. You look exhausted! “Yes, I_________(work) hard all day.

5. He __________ (apply for) the vacancy in the new branch

we have in the North of Manchester.

6. I __________ (write) e-mails since 10:00 this morning. So

far, I __________ (finish) about 20.

7. I love that restaurant. I __________ (eat) there many times.

8. They __________ (build) that office tower for almost two

years. So far, it ______(cost) over $200 million dollars.

9. Let’s sit down. I’m tired. We ___________ (work) for hours.

10. Please answer the phone. It __________ (ring) for the past
five minutes.

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4.2. Correct the mistakes. 4.3. Read the sentences and circle the correct option.

1. We’ve run and I’m not tired. 1. He is waiting for Andy. He has waited for 30 minutes.

__________________________________________________ a. He’s been waiting for Andy 30 minutes.

2. Take this picture. I’ve been painting it for you. b. He waits for Andy 30 minutes.

__________________________________________________ c. He’s waited for Andy for 30 minutes.

3. Is it ready? How long are you making it? 2. Sally is planning to buy notebooks. It’s on her list of things
to do.
__________________________________________________
a. Sally’s already bought notebooks.
4. I only heard from her twice since she left.
b. Sally hasn’t bought notebooks.
__________________________________________________
c. Sally hasn’t bought notebooks yet.
5. He has never been staying here as far as I know.
3. Sandy wanted to visit the main building. She went there
__________________________________________________ two days ago.
6. He didn’t call me since we had the argument. a. Sandy hasn’t been to the main building yet.
__________________________________________________. b. Sandy has already been to the main building.

c. Sandy has just been to the main building.

4. I don’t know what seafood tastes like!

a. I haven’t been trying seafood.

TO KEEP IN MIND! b. I’ve already tried seafood.

c. I’ve never tried seafood.

+ To set the goals: it means to establish the objectives to
achieve. 5. Omar sent his report a moment ago.
+ Vacancy: a job which nobody is doing.
a. Omar has been sending his report.
+ Branch: one of the offices which takes part of a big
business organization. b. Omar has just sent his report.

c. Omar hasn’t sent his report yet.

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5. Comparative and Superlative of

adjectives
We use comparatives to say two or more people or things are Superlative adjectives.
different in some way. After comparatives, you can use “than”
but it is not always necessary. A superlative adjective expresses the extreme degree of
a quality in a group of things. Follow these rules to form the
Let´s go by car. It´s cheaper. superlative and don´t forget to write “the” before the adjective.
Let´s go by train. It´s faster than the car.
› We add -est to short adjectives:
Follow these rules to form the comparative.
tall → the tallest low → the lowest

› We add -er to short adjectives:

But if a short adjective finishes in
tall → taller low → lower consonant+vowel+consonant, we double the last
consonant.
But if a short adjective finishes in
wet → the wettest big → the biggest
consonant+vowel+consonant, we double the last
consonant.
› Adjectives which end with -y, change into -iest:
wet → wetter big → bigger
easy → the easiest heavy → the heaviest

› Adjectives which end with -y, change into -ier:

› Long adjectives add most +adjective:
easy → easier heavy → heavier
difficult → the most difficult
important → the most important
› Long adjectives add more + adjective:

difficult → more difficult important → more important Be careful because there are some irregular adjectives which
do not follow any rule to form the comparative or superlative
of the adjectives.
Comparison of equality:
Irregular adjectives
Its structure is as + adjective+ as. We use it to say two people or
things are the same in some way. Adjective Comparative Superlative

The motorbike is as expensive as the car. Good better the best

Bad worse the worst

She is not as clever as her brother.
Far further/farther the furthest/farthest

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Shall we practise?

5.1. Use the comparative in the sentences.

5.2. Write the superlative of the adjectives.
1. I was surprised how easy it was to use the computer. I
1. She is a very intelligent workmate. She is ____________
thought it would be__________(difficult).
(intelligent) worker in the office.
2. Your work isn´t very good. I think you can do it ________
2. It´s a very valuable position. I think it is _______ (valuable)
(good).
position in the business.
3. Keep calm! The situation isn´t so bad. It could be
3. Your job profile is one_________ (bad) we have seen.
_________ (bad).
4. What is__________ (popular) task in your job?
4. I think Marketing is __________(interesting) than Human
Resources. 5. We stayed in__________ (cheap) hotel in the town.

5. Our wages are _________(high) than some years ago. 6. London is ___________(large) city in England.

6. London is __________ (busy) than Glasgow. 7. New York is ________ (beautiful) city in the United States.

7. Her house is a bit ____________ (comfortable) than a hotel. 8. Summer is _______(good) season of the year.

8. Russia is __________ (large) than the UK. 9. Which place is ___________ (hot) on earth?

9. In the UK, the streets are generally _________ (narrow) 10. We bought _________ (expensive) computer in the shop.
than the streets in the USA.

10. Adam is __________(ambitious) than his workmates.

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5.3. Complete the sentences using comparative or 5.4. Build the sentences using the comparative as….as.
superlative. Use the negative if it is necessary.

1. I prefer this room to the other one. It´s ___________ 1. Marketing/ interesting/ Logistics.
(comfortable).
__________________________________________________
2. We had a great meeting. It was one_________ (enjoyable)
meeting we´ve ever had. 2. The train/ fast/ the airplane.

3. How is your new course going? It´s_________(demanding) __________________________________________________

than I did last term.
3. Lemons/ sweet/ oranges
4. You decided to give up your job and now you think it has
__________________________________________________
been_________ (bad) decision you have ever taken.
4. Mornings/ warm/ afternoons
5. High street is_________(not/crowded) as usual.
__________________________________________________
6. Today is going to be_________(dry) yesterday.
5. Bicycle/ expensive/ motorcycle
7. Bowie is________ (good) of all the employees in the office.
__________________________________________________
8. Mary finished his work __________ (fast) than anyone else
in the bank. 6. France/ beautiful/ Switzerland
9. This apartment is __________ (convenient) of all the __________________________________________________
apartments I have seen.
7. My old shoes/ comfortable/ my new shoes
10. January is __________ (cold) month of the year.
__________________________________________________

8. Grammar/ difficult / spelling

__________________________________________________

9. Beethoven/ famous / Mozart

__________________________________________________

10. Coke/ healthy/ fruit juice

__________________________________________________

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5.5. Write the comparative and superlative forms of the 5.6. Complete the following sentences with the correct
adjectives below. superlative or comparative form of the words listed below.

Adjective Comparative Superlative

cold clever funny high
1. Tall 9. Bad
good dirty long cheap
2. Cheap 10. Far

3. Expensive 11. Messy 1. Yesterday was ___________day of the year. I almost

froze to death walking home from work!
4. Good 12. Handsome
2. Please give me your recipe. It´s _____________ mine.
5. Lazy 13. Useful
3. Jim is ___________ student in our class. He always gets
6. Pretty 14. Easy
the top grades.
7. Difficult 15. Dangerous
4. Bob told ___________ story last night. I couldn’t stop
8. Fat laughing.

5. The Nile is ___________ river in the world.

TO KEEP IN MIND! 6. Mount Everest is __________any other mountains in

the world.
+ Wage: a fixed and regular payment earnt for work.
7. Archie hates to clean. He has __________apartment
+ Position: it means job.
I’ve ever seen.
+ Demanding: something which requires much effort.
+ To give up: to stop trying something before you have 8. My dinner only cost $6.00. It is __________ the last
finished because it is too difficult. restaurant we went.
+ Crowded: full of people.

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6. Prepositions of place (at, in, on,

under, between, behind, in front of,
next to)
We use these prepositions of place to say where people or
things are. They go before nouns.

In general, we use:

› At for a point.

She is at the bus station waiting for it.

› In for an enclosed space.

She is living in London.

› On for a surface.

The book is on the table.

› Under means below something.

But notice these prepositions have standard expressions:
The pencil is under the desk.

› Between is used when someone or something is on Prepositions of place.

each side.
At In On
Our building is between the cinema and the supermarket. at home in a car on a bus

› Behind means at the back. at work in a taxi on a train

at school in a helicopter on a plane

Our car is behind the house.
at university in a boat on a ship
› In front of is used to express a position where you can
at college in a lift on a bicycle, on a motorbike
see it if you look forward.
at the top in the newspaper on a horse, on an elephant
He was in front of her.
at the bottom in the sky on the radio, on TV
› Next to means beside.
at the side in a row on the left, on the right
Mary sat next to me in the ceremony. at reception in a street on the way

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Shall we practise?

6.1. Prepositions of time and place. 6.2. Where are the objects? Use the prepositions we
have learnt.
1. Mozart was born ___________Salzburg ___________ 1756.

2. It starts ________Thursday.

3. Halloween is ________October.

4. The course starts__________ February 18th.

5. There are usually a lot of parties________ New Year’s Eve.

6. On Friday night I went to bed __________ 10:00

7. We travelled overnight and arrived _______________ Paris

___________ 5:00 _______ the morning.

8. I like the picture hanging ______ the wall _____ the office.

9. I wasn’t sure this was the right office. There is no name

__________ the door.

10. You’ll find the results _________the back page.

11. I wouldn’t like an office job. I couldn’t spend the whole

day sitting_______ a desk.

12. My brother lives __________a small town _______ the

southeast of England.
1. The plants are _________ the tables.
13. The headquarters are _______Rome.
2. There is a big plant _________ the door.
14. My office is _______ the 1st floor.
3. The chairs are __________ desk.
15. I keep my keys__________ my pocket.
4. There are some filling cabinets which are ________ the
computers.

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Vocabulary
1. Differences between job and work

Work Job

it is an uncountable noun, and it also works as a verb. it is a countable noun.

1. Activity which involves mental or physical effort to 1. A paid position of regular employment.
achieve a result.
“She took the job as her sister”
“I´m busy, I have a lot of work”
2. It refers to a particular profession.
2. Employment.
“Do you have a part-time job?”
“She works as a teacher/ She´s still looking for work”
3. It can be a responsibility.
3. The place where someone is employed.
“We have a few jobs to do today:
“I return home from work at 17 p.m.” printing some papers, send some emails, etc”.

4. It means to operate. 4. To do something well or badly.

“I think the printer doesn´t work” “Well done, it´s a good job!”

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Shall we practise?

1.1. Use correctly WORK or JOB

1. He is very pleased because he started his

new__________ yesterday.

2. As a translator I finish two or three_________ each

week.

3. He _________ from 9.00 until 16.00.

4. Where are they? They are at_________.

5. I´m not working now but I´m applying for a lot

of_________.

6. I must admit I love my_______.

7. We have some________ to do in the flat.

8. We have been very busy this week because we´ve had

so much _________to do.

9. She´s the best person for the _________.

10. Come on! We have a lot of ________ to do.

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Applying for a job

2. A closer look at the business terms Shall we practise?

Administrative Assistants 2.1. Read the text again to work the vocabulary. Join the
word or expression with the right definition.
They are in charge of all the clerical tasks in small businesses
although it is also possible to have specific jobs in big companies.
To keep documents records and so on in order
1 To take minutes A
They carry out different activities. Being responsible of all the to store or refer
phone calls and passing on them. In addition, they have to sort and
deliver the incoming mails to the different departments, making 2 To sort B Someone who buys goods or services
sure that there is enough stationery and ordering supplies when
it is necessary. An efficient administrative assistant also deals with A computer programme which is used to
scheduling and taking minutes in the meetings. He or she must 3 To schedule C arrange information in columns and rows
be able to manage with databases and spreadsheets.
4 Database D It reflects the latest information or change
Among other tasks, it is required to keep documents up-to-date
and file them. Not only will they work with the office equipment
To take notes about the relevant information in
to be sure it is in perfect conditions, but also with the customers. 5 Supplies E a meeting

6 Clerical F Materials which are needed for a special use

7 Spreadsheet G Related to office work

8 Customer H To organize according to type, class and so on

9 Up - to - date I To plan

10 To file J A collection of organized data to access easily

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 English | UNIT 2
Applying for a job

2.2. Read this text and fill the blanks with the correct
option.

Chief Accountant Marketing Assistants Human Resources Manager

Logistics Operator Sales Manager Call Centre Agent

A) ___________ is responsible of assisting and supporting the

Marketing Manager to find new markets or broaden the ones
they have. They perform the everyday administrative tasks of
the department to keep it working.

B) ___________loads or unloads and moves the products,

materials, and equipment. Their trucks pick up the freight or
transport the freight across long distances. They work as links in
the supply chain that moves the freight. They have other duties
among others to fill out documents or organize the warehouse.

C) ___________deals with incoming and outcoming calls. They

must be always up to date to be able to answer all the enquires.

D) ___________arranges and has control of the sales

department. He or she is in charge of the sales forecasting and
budgets and fixes the distribution and sales channels, etc. They
usually have meetings with heads of other departments to try
to find out how to increase the profits.

E) ___________ oversees the accounting departments and

financial issues. They must open and close the financial year,
get ready the right information for the annual budget, control
the invoices from providers and creditors, among other
responsibilities.

F) ___________ deal with the staff of a company. They choose

the employees, so they advertise the job vacancies, revise the
application forms, interview, and select the possible candidates.
They also need to keep personnel records, know about their
needs, or deal with the conflicts in the company.

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 English | UNIT 2
Applying for a job

3. Useful adjectives to describe job Shall we practise?

profiles
3.1. In your opinion, which of the following skills
What is a job profile? It is a document which has the information
that will help you to decide if you are qualified and interested are required in these jobs? It is possible to use the
in applying for the position. It should provide more detailed adjectives more than once.
information such as the company mission or benefits.
leadership time-management negotiation patience

teaching problem-solving creativity experience

persuasion organization empathy confidence

communication foreign language driving license teamwork

Marketing Logistics Call Centre Sales Chief Human Resources

Assistant Operator Agent Manager Accountant Manager

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 English | UNIT 2
Applying for a job

4. Differences between do and make Shall we practise?

Unfortunately, there is not a clear and fast rule in English with

the use of make or do. In general terms, we use do for activities 4.1. Choose MAKE or DO.
which do not produce anything physically. And we use make
when we create something. Use this chart to help you. 1. I´m sure he will do/make well in his new post.

2. I think you shouldn´t do/make any complaint, you should

Do Make do/make a suggestion.
Work, jobs & tasks Material/origin
3. Your plan is OK, but you also need to do/make a decision
do the housework made of silver as well.

do your homework made from apples 4. Don´t worry about the meeting. Just do/make your best.

do a good job made in Japan 5. She needs the list because she´s going to do/make the
shopping.
do your chores made by me

Non-specific activities Produce a reaction 6. Did you do/make sure you locked the front door?

do anything make you smile 7. Do/make a revision of the invoices, please.

do everything make you happy 8. It´s hard to do/make friends when you are abroad.

do something make you sleepy 9. You look tired. Do/make nothing.

do nothing make your eyes water 10. This trip to meet new customers does/makes me feel
Replace verbs when it is obvious Plans and decisions happy.

do the laundry make an appointment

do the exam make a decision

do your hair make a choice

do the dishes make a plan

Food, drinks, and meals Speaking and sounds

make a cup of tea make a noise

make lunch make a speech

make breakfast make a comment

make a cake make a suggestion

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Applying for a job

5. Idioms Shall we practise?

In this unit, we are going to learn the following idioms.

5.1. Fill the gaps with the right idiom. Perhaps, you will
› The early bird gets/ catches the worm: it means to have to use them in the correct verbal tense.
wake up and start work early if you want to succeed.
1. She was fired from that company, and it was ___________.
› To test the water: to try to find out what people think
She started her own business and now she is very
about something to decide whether to do it or not.
successful.
› The more, the merrier: it means the more people there
2. Our wealthy friend´s fortune ___________ when our
are in an event, the funnier it will be.
daughter spent all his money.
› To go to the dogs: it means to be ruined and to fall from
3. What are you doing in the office at 7 a.m.? _____________
a great position.
4. Companies don´t want people who __________ or looking
› To cost an arm and a leg: it means it is excessively
for new counter-offers from their bosses.
expensive.
5. Do you mind If I come with some friends? Not at all,
› A blessing in disguise: something that appears to be bad
__________.
at first, but it results in something good in the end.
6. I need to buy a new car but it __________. I don´t have
any money.

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