BUILDING INFORMATION MODELING BY Rupesh Jung Thapa

AI powered risk management system in construction Industry Student Id:14302931

Impact of BIM Technology on Construction Site Operations
BIM OVERVIEW AND history
Since its emergence, BIM has had a huge impact on the daily functions
A digital representation of a building or infrastructure asset, which also includes information and activities that occur in construction such as project management,
relating to the physical properties and functional characteristics. BIM is a relatively recent planning processes within construction sites. The development and use
development based on cutting-edge technology, allowing different parties such as architects, of building models were first conceived in the 1970s, but did not
engineers, contractors to collaborate all working under one common model. This approach become cost-effective on a commercial level until about 2 decades ago
also facilitates better planning, design and construction efficiency subsequently throughout with increased technology and availability of software. Consequently,
the lifecycle of a building hence enabling informed decisions (lorek, 2022). BIM technology BIM has become an indispensable tool in the Architecture, Engineering
fig 1 : meaning of BIM
works on the basis of an accurate virtual models of a building (or sometimes more than and Construction (AEC) industries that has revolutionized how teams
one), which digitally constructed. These models include the exact geometry and info that is share information, collaborate on workflows and carry out
needed in order to help construction, fabrication as well as procurement activities. BIM projects (Faro, 2024). BIM technology provides a 3D view of physical
serves as a single knowledge source from which informative data can be derived, shared or assets to track and monitor them throughout their lifecycle which
networked out to ease project management and also enhance performance. The lifecycle of a includes the design, construction phase until operation &
construction project, from initial design and planning, all the way through to operation and maintenance (Drafting, 2023). Such a process of visualization has
maintenance is covered by this digital representation (BIMcollab, 2024).
simplified various construction site functions and with it the ability to
Building Information Modeling (BIM) represent the platform that combines data, processes plan and control more accurately, thereby assuring better efficiency &
and tools to surfaces insights that drive more coordinated team collaboration and better- productivity. BIMs' digital capabilities help stakeholders in assessing
fig3:Digital Transformation Construction
informed decision-making during the entirety of a building project's lifecycle; enabling risks better, acquiring knowledge of the implementation part and
stakeholders to see an entire project in digital form pre-construction work controlling them. A McGraw Hill report emphasis on the financial
advantages connected with BIM indicated that 2/3rd of Architectural
AI powered risk management system in construction
commences (Patil, 2024). The implications of this move on the construction industry have
been profound, with BIM becoming a necessary part of modern construction by helping to Bim modeling users claimed getting a great return for their Industry

minimize mistakes and increase efficiency which is ultimately leading to better results. BIM investment(ROI). While 83% of the advanced BIM users said that they
has its origins in the 1960s as a time of cad had begun to explore ideas for an architectural got a positive ROI and another 93% found high or very high long-term
Artificial intelligence (AI) enhanced EHS( Environmental, Health and Safety ) management
software solution poised to disrupt traditional 2-D CAD workflows. The history behind BIM value potential. These statistics highlight the economic benefits of
software is transforming the safety in construction industry by laying down a foundation of
is long and complex, with players on all sides (US, Europe West, Soviet Block) looking to adopting BIM in construction techniques (Kotula, 2022).
fig:3 history of BIM (RIB Software GmbH, 2017) proactive hazard identification based on dynamic risk mechanisms. Most traditional safety
perfect the technology (BIMTrends, 2024).
measures have been based on after-the-fact assessment because physical inspections and post-
incident analysis can be time-consuming, error-prone manual exercises. AI-powered EHS

Digital Twins

management software, on the other hand, uses machine learning predictive analytics and real-
Emerging Digital Technologies That Are Used in Building Information Modelling time monitoring to detect possible safety risks that have not happened yet (viact, 2024). Such
Cloud-based BIM Platforms: Real time Data Processing and integration systems are capable of handling large quantities of data fast, and with precision can generate
predictive insights that help construction companies anticipate risks before they happen. AI-
of real time data with BIM enabled cameras and construction management software, for instance, can identify unsafe
Cloud BIM platforms are changing the face of construction with increased collaboration, The technology of digital twins supports in furthering the realm of practices or hazardous conditions in real-time so workers and their supervisors instantly know
productivity and secure data management across project teams. As these platforms allow for real- Building Information Modelling (BIM) by simulating exact virtual replicas to take corrective steps (viact, 2024).

time data access, it inevitably causes better decision making and lessens project from physical fixtures or processes this allowing real-time data to be fed, Also, its functionalities are enriched when combined with AI and other state-of-the-art
timelines (DesignHorizons Team, 2024). Cloud-based BIM is beneficial in the significant processed and encapsulated. The primary benefit of using digital twins is in technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), 5G, cloud computing etc. AI-powered
advantage to streamlining construction projects by bringing together data from many disciplines their capacity to use real-time data from IoT, sensors, or operational wearable safety technology, on the other hand; can make most of this real-time and alert field
into a single system. Efficient project delivery and resource management are critical challenges in systems for optimal monitoring and managing building assets. The workers also simultaneously helping in reducing hazards at that very moment. In addition, AI
today's construction environment, this integration enables both. The flexibility in accessing BIM collected, real-time data is then processed and used to create predictive helps establish safety requirements like OSHA regulations which in turn reduce the number
data from virtually anywhere and at any time allows stakeholders to work more constructively maintenance as well as asset management decision-making insights. Digital accidents and can optimize project overall safety as well (Longinos, 2024). They provide a big
with architects, engineers, contractors, and clients to confirm decisions on-site. Cloud-based BIM twins combine simulation, machine learning and reasoning to determine step-up over traditional risk management methods, which do not have the capability to
platforms also mean zero in-situ data storage (a big plus), which both reduces technological the full state of an asset with its current behavior calculated as well as prevent incidents before they occur by automating incident reporting and doing predictive
barriers and facilitates the handling a huge volumes of projects (DesignHorizons Team, 2024).
The concept of Cloud-BIM predict future performance (IBM, 2023).
analyses. The use of AI in EHS management has clear transformative implications as it makes
Autodesks BIM 360 is a good example of using the cloud in an BIM context. These platforms Digital Twins offer asset-intensive industries improved resource efficiency construction processes flow better, more efficiently and ultimately much safer for workers who
also improve productivity and coordination by permitting team members to communicate, share and sustainability by predicting possible future scenarios from their current can be subject to risk on often dynamic and dangerous building sites (caulifield, 2024).
data, exchange responses or resolve problems in real time. The use of modules such as BIM 360 operational data. By running different scenarios, asset managers can analyze
Design and BIM 360 Docs serve to enhance work processes, ensuring efficient document and simulate the behavior under various performance conditions leading to
management reduces error in the documentation which pre-empts certain issues that plague better decision making along with cost optimization in operations. What is
project outcomes. These, along with automatic clash detection features also was paired through a more, as the digital twin model will be refreshed using current data it
powerful change analysis and dynamic clash tolerance filters that just cut to the chase allows asset managers insight that was latterly undiscovered about how
unnecessary additional complexity; saving so much more time & facilitate design issues resolving their property would run and when to have planned repair procedures.
efficiently. They have tools to aggregate & review multi-trade, multi-format models from the Nonetheless, digital twins are largely underused today with the majority of
latest design data and ensure process/data integrity is maintained by project teams. This organizations either utilizing basic models or "digital shadows" and not
controlled yet collaborative design sharing capability provides an invaluable tool for handling exploiting to their full potential for enhancing efficiencies and safety in
more complex projects, as it ensures that changes and input from multiple contributors can be operations. For downstream, a more pervasive incorporation of digital
integrated with ease (bimshares, 2024). twins could put a dent in these challenges and increase the efficiency, safety
and intelligence of their operations (handy, 2024).

Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Algorithms The adoption of Digital Twins in conjunction with BIM (Building
Information Modeling) signifies a significant shift for traditional practices
In the construction industry, combining Artificial Intelligence (AI) with Building Information
within the building and architectural design sectors. Dynamic, real-time
Modeling is a great leap forward. With a surge of interest in the BIM software platform Originally
emerging at the beginning of this century, BIM has transformed project management through
updatable virtual representations of the physical building - Digital Twins
When combined, these two models offer improved monitoring, analysis
Applications in Construction

improved efficiency, communication and productivity. But the difficulty in detecting conflicts and
and simulation of building performance. Leveraging real-time telemetry Today, AI and machine learning are not just innovations but also much needed for accurate risk
coordinating them has been a source of headache throughout BIM. And that is where AI comes in
data obtained from sensors and other resources to enrich the Digital Twin assessments in the construction industry. As successful as these traditional risk assessment methods are,
to play, it serves as a revolutionary means of solution for these long-standing problems. The top
is one of the key benefits of integrating both. Green facilities generate a their ability to fully predict and prevent the untold millions of hazards that qualify into black swan
trend of AI in BIM is streamlining clash detection and identifying problems before the actual
tremendous amount of data from environmental conditions, occupancy events fall terribly short in preventing project delays and cost overruns. This is where Artificial
construction. BIM clash detection is the process of programmatically checking for clashes (i.e.
levels and equipment status that give them the ability to predict building intelligence serves as a game changer and prevalent solution that helps in highlighting, analyzing
conflicts) between building components in a digital model, such as structural v architectural or MEP
performance using analytics + machine learning algorithms designed for vulnerabilities more accurately, effectively and predictively. The need for a strong risk management
-- mechanical/electrical/plumbing systems Such conflicts, if not detected and resolved in the early
efficient operations. The virtual twin is kept updated over time with the process in the construction industry cannot be overstressed; it forms one of the critical facets on which
stage of design process can be major reason for project delays & cost escalations (Harmony AT,
real-world, enabling benchmark modeling that allows customers to make any project is founded. This includes a detailed threat analysis, risk mapping and defining exact actions
2023). AI provides predictive analytics and machine learning algorithms which optimizes BIM.
informed decisions during construction and facilities management (Nguyen to implement in case of emergency. Doing so will help keep construction projects on time and within
These technologies are used to streamline processes and aid decision-making. AI-based clash
& Adhikari, 2023).
budget. The emergence of AI in risk management processes has revolutionized the way construction
detection tools is an example, where it processes lots of data to resolve clashes more precisely and
In addition, the Digital Twins integration with BIM optimizes many professionals address these problems over the past couple of years.

rapidly than that a human could. This, in turn, mitigates risks and improves the predictability of
processes around construction and project administration. According to the In fact, Toronto Digital is taking construction risk assessment to new heights thanks to AI-driven risk
projects while protecting you from rework that can be expensive. Another way AI can come into the
research from McKinsey & Company, project efficiency is improved by up management tools which enable organizations with the ability monitor and control potential issues
world of BIM is beyond clash detection as a whole. Optimizing design processes, automating boring
to 25% And these technologies improved the planning, design and before they get out of hand. All of this has equated to Projects being safer, better run and more
repetitive tasks and delivering more insights through data analysis are a few of them. As AI systems
construction meaning new builds already benefit from better asset profitable then the traditional approach (verma, 2024). An example was the World of Digital Built
learn and adapt from fresh data indefinitely, they can provide increasingly proficient
integration. With the help of Digital Twins, they are able to become more Environment (WDBE) Summit 2024, which exhibited AI-backed risk processes. The webinar
solutions (Wright, 2023).The integration of Machine Learning (ML) with Building Information
resilient and be imaginative in their operating models that may benefit demonstrated how AI will redefine project safety, efficiency and collaboration (inclus, 2024). The broad
Modelling in the architecture, engineering and construction industry is modernizing workflows,
increased customer or societal aspirations (hitech, 2024).
areas where AI has strong potential in construction immediate to operational are vast. Our approach
improving design intelligence capability and real-time performance when bringing a structure to life
on any project level. Machine Learning algorithms play a part in completely automating the involves custom software with machine learning embedded algorithms combined with advanced
repetitive tasks of BIM which is very essential for construction projects, this enhances efficiency and industrial robots to improve the efficiency and analysis of processes involving complex data.
increases the level of accuracy. Historically, construction project scheduling development has been a Construction management AI systems are able to store and process vast volumes of data, continuously
manual task that was prone to human errors. Example is a study done by McKinsey noted that learning from that data so as help improve decision-making processes. However, the AI in construction
machine learning can automate around 50–60% of the repetitive tasks within BIM workflows. Apart market is estimated to reach $5 billion globally by 2030 (Tribe AI, 2023).

from that, the introduction of AI and ML in BIM processes are making construction professionals to
achieve better resource utilization with less risk while delivering higher quality projects. For
analytical purposes where ML techniques are employed, BIM data – the reality of built structures is
ideal (Martinez, 2020). Conclusion

However, the use of digital technologies such as Building Information Modelling (BIM), Cloud-based
platforms and future adoption of Digital Twins, artificial intelligence (AI) etc has changed the way
construction activity to ensure more overall efficiency, accurate with safe operations. BIM plays a critical
role as part of utilising BIM for collaboration, planning and real-time decision-making resulting in more
effective lifecycle management of construction projects. Cloud-based platforms create more scalable/
accessible assets and the use of digital twins provides dynamic, real-time data for successful building asset
management. AI into the play, more specifically in risk management has instilled proactive safety features
Figure: Integration of data in BIM and predictive analysis leading to reduced number of accidents / delays.

These are just a few of the ways in which our industry is changing the construction landscape, as AI and
machine learning create new possibilities for automation, predictive insights & informed decision-
making. As these techs progress, they are set to be a larger part of what shapes the future of construction
and ensures operations across the board become more efficient cost effective sustainable. By freeing
contractors from paper-based management, the onward adoption of these digital technologies has
significant potential to reinvent workflows and safety provisions ultimately making way for better
projects.

Figure Use Of AI And ML in BIM

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