Prlr15 Mechatronics and Industrial Automation Lab: Aim: Components Required

PRLR15 MECHATRONICS AND INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATION LAB
Experiment Number: 3B Date: 13/09/2021
Aim: To design, simulate and understand the sequence valve using a double acting cylinder.
Components Required:
1. Tanks (4 nos.)
2. Pump (fixed displacement pump)
3. Actuator (Double acting cylinder with in and out piston rod)
4. Direction Control Valve (DCV) - 3/2 way hand lever with detent valve
5. Direction Control Valve (DCV) - 4/3 way double pilot operated valve
6. Check Valve (2 nos.)
7. Pressure relief valve (PRV – 3 nos.)
8. One-Way Flow Control Valves (FCV – 2 nos.)
Circuit Description:
 Tank: It is used to store the hydraulic oil which is to be supplied to the circuit and stores the
oil which comes back in return line.
 Pump: Fixed displacement pump is used to transfer the hydraulic oil from the tank into the
system with the aid of seals or valves.
 Direction Control Valves (DCV): It is the extend and retract control for the hydraulic
cylinders. It provides a flow path from the pump to the cylinders and a return path from the
cylinders to the reservoir. 3/2 way valve has 3 ports is manually operated with detent and 4/3
way valve has 4 ports and is pilot operated.
 Actuator (Double acting cylinder): They have a port at each end and move the piston forward and
backward by transfer of the hydraulic oil, necessary when a load must be moved in both directions
such as opening and closing doors. This type of in and out piston rod cylinder has piston rods on
both sides, providing same speed for both extension and retraction.
 Flow Control Valve (FCV): Flow control valves are designed to regulate the flow rate and
pressure of the hydraulic fluid. Flow control valves are essential for optimizing system
performance and relying on a flow passage or port with a variable flow area. Here, we use a
meter-in FCV and a meter-out FCV. It consists of a needle valve and a check valve so that the
flow is controlled only at one direction of flow.
 Pressure Relief Valve (PRV): It is used to control or limit the pressure in a system; pressure
might otherwise build up and create a process upset, instrument or equipment failure, or fire.
 Check Valve: A check valve is a safety device designed to allow the hydraulic fluid to flow in
one direction. The flow is restricted by a spring force on the other side.
Working of the Circuits:
1. The pump is switched on and the hydraulic fluid flows through PRV-1 to protect the
components of the pump from high pressure.
2. The double acting cylinder with in and out piston is connected to a sequence valve through flow
control valves.
3. When DCV-1 is operated, the hydraulic fluid flows through FCV-1 and extends the hydraulic
actuator.
4. FCV-1 can be configured to determine the extension speed of the actuator.
5. When the actuator is completely extended, the pressure in the lines increase and PRV-2 is
opened, which sends the fluid to DCV-2.
6. Since DCV-2 is pilot operated, the fluid pressure from PRV-2 changes the position of the
direction control valve.
7. Now, the hydraulic fluid flows through FCV-2 and retracts the hydraulic actuator.
8. FCV-2 can be configured to determine the retraction speed of the actuator.
9. When the actuator is completely retracted, the pressure in the lines increase and PRV-3 is
opened, which sends the fluid to DCV-2.
10. Since DCV-2 is pilot operated, the fluid pressure from PRV-3 again changes the position of the
direction control valve. So, the extension cycle starts
11. This cycle keeps on repeating until DCV-1 is operated to prevent the flow to DCV-2.
12. By changing the opening level of the flow control valves, this hydraulic system can be sued for
various applications with various uses.
13. When the opening level of FCV-1 is reduced, the extension stroke takes more time than the
retraction stroke. This can be seen in the position of the double acting cylinder in the following
state diagram.
14. When the opening level of FCV-1 is reduced to a very low percentage, high pressure develops
in the line that causes PRV-2 to open even before the cylinder extracts completely. So the
actuator undergoes a jerky motion and does not extend completely. This can be seen in the
position of the double acting cylinder in the following state diagram.
Simulate circuit with State Diagram using FluidSIM-H:
PUMP SWITCHED ON
114122025
FIRST SEQUENCE
114119074
SECOND SEQUENCE
114122025
STATE DIAGRAM
114119074
Results:
Thus, the sequence valve was designed, simulated and the working was understood using a double
acting cylinder.

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PRLR15 MECHATRONICS AND INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATION LAB

Experiment Number: 3B Date: 13/09/2021

Working of the Circuits:

4. FCV-1 can be configured to determine the extension speed of the actuator.

8. FCV-2 can be configured to determine the retraction speed of the actuator.

Simulate circuit with State Diagram using FluidSIM-H:

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