L 2 Sol Ix Sci 24 25

2.
List the points of differencesbetween homogeneous andheterogeneous mixtures

A homogeneous mixture is a mixture having a uniform composition throughout
the mixture. For example, mixtures of salt in water, sugar in water, copper
sulphate in water, iodine in alcohol, alloy, and air have uniform compositions
throughout the mixtures.
On the other hand, a heterogeneous mixture is a mixture having a non-uniform
composition throughout the mixture. For example, composition of mixtures of
sodium chloride and iron fillings, salt and sulphur, oil and water, chalk powder
in water, wheat flour in water, milk and water are not uniform throughout the
mixtures.
2. How are sol, solution and suspension different from each other?
Sol is a heterogeneous mixture. In this mixture, the solute particles are so small
that they cannot be seen with the naked eye. Also, they seem to be spread
uniformly throughout the mixture. The Tyndall effect is observed in this mixture.
For example: milk of magnesia, mud
Solution is a homogeneous mixture. In this mixture, the solute particles dissolve
and spread uniformly throughout the mixture. The Tyndall effect is not observed
in this mixture.
For example: salt in water, sugar in water, iodine in alcohol, alloy
Suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures. In this mixture, the solute particles are
visible to the naked eye, and remain suspended throughout the bulk of the
medium. The Tyndall effect is observed in this mixture.
For example: chalk powder and water, wheat flour and wate
3. To make a saturated solution, 36 g of sodium chloride is dissolved in 100 g of water
at 293 K. Find its concentration at this temperature.
Answer 3:
Mass of solute (sodium chloride) = 36 g (Given)
Mass of solvent (water) = 100 g (Given)
Then, mass of solution = Mass of solute + Mass of solvent
= (36 + 100) g
= 136 g
Therefore, concentration (mass by mass percentage) of the solution
1. Classify the following as chemical or physical changes:

Answer 1:
 Cutting of trees → Physical change
 Melting of butter in a pan → Physical change
 Rusting of almirah → Chemical change
 Boiling of water to form steam → Physical change
 Passing of electric current through water, and water breaking down into
hydrogen and oxygen gas → Chemical change
 Dissolving common salt in water → Physical change
 Making a fruit salad with raw fruits → Physical change
 Burning of paper and wood → Chemical change
2. Try segregating the thingsaround you as pure substancesor mixtures.
Answer 2:
Pure substance: Water, salt, sugar etc.
Mixture: Salt water, soil, wood, air, cold drink, rubber, sponge, fog, milk, butter,
clothes, food.
Question 1: www.tiwariacademy.comwww.tiwariacademy.com
Which separation techniques will apply for the separation of the following?
(a) Sodium chloride from its solution in water.
(b) Ammonium Chloride from a mixture containing Sodium Chloride and
Ammonium Chloride.
(c) Small pieces of metal in the engine oil of a car.
(d) Different pigments from an extract of flower petals.
(e) Butter from curd.(f) Oil from water.(g) Tea leaves from tea.(h) Iron pins from sand.
(i) Wheat grains from husk.(j) Fine mud particles suspended in water.
www.tiwariacademy.com
Answer 1:
(a) Crystallization or Evaporation.
(b) Sublimation.
(c) Centrifugation or Sedimentation.
(d) Chromatography.
(e) Centrifugation.
(f) Separating funnel.
(g) Hand-picking.
(h) Magnetic separation.
(i) Winnowing.
(j) Centrifugation.
Question 2: www.tiwariacademy.com
Write the steps you would use for making tea. Use the words - solution, solvent,
solute, dissolve, soluble, insoluble, filtrate and residue.
Answer 2:
Take the solvent, water, in a kettle. Heat it. When the solvent boils, add the solute,
milk. Milk and water forms a solution. Then pour some tea leaves over a sieve.
Pour slowly hot solution of milk over tea leaves. Colour of tea leaves goes into
solution as filtrate. The remaining tea leaves being insoluble remains as residue.
Add requisite sugar which dissolves and the tea is ready.
3. Pragya tested the solubility of three different substances atdifferent temperatures and collected the data
as given below(results are given in the following table, as grams of substancedissolved in 100 grams of
water to form a saturated solution).
Question4:
Explain the following giving examples.
(a)Saturated solution,
(b)Pure substance,
(c) Colloid,
(d)Suspension.
Answer 4: www.tiwariacademy.com
(a)Saturated Solution: A solution in which no more of the solid (solute) can
be dissolved at a given temperature is called a saturated solution. Suppose
50 gm of a solute is the maximum amount that can be dissolved in 100 gm
water at 298 K. Then 150 gm of solution so obtained is the saturated
solution at 298 K.
(b)Pure Substance: A pure substance consists of a single of matter or particles
and cannot be separated into other kind of matter by any physical process.
Pure substances always have the same colour, taste and texture at a given
temperature and pressure. For example, pure water is always colourless,
odorless and tasteless and boils at 373 K at normal atmospheric pressure.
(c) Colloid: Colloids are heterogeneous mixtures the particle size is too small
to be seen with a naked eye, but it is big enough to scatter light. The
particles are called the dispersed phase and the medium in which they are
distributed is called the dispersion medium. Colloids are useful in industry
and daily life. A colloid has the following characteristics:
 It is a heterogeneous mixture.
 The size of particles of a colloid lies between 1 - 100 nm and cannot
be seen by naked eyes.
 The particles of colloid can scatter a beam of light passing through
it and make the path visible.
 The particles of colloid cannot be separated from the mixture by
filtration. The process of separation of colloidal particles is known
as ‘centrifugation’.
 They do not settle down when left undisturbed. In other words
colloids are quite stable e.g. smoke, milk, fog, cloud etc.
(d)Suspension: A ‘suspension’ is a heterogeneous mixture in which the solute
particles do not dissolve but remain suspended throughout the bulk of the
medium. A suspension has the following characteristics:
 It is a heterogeneous mixture.
 The size of particles of a suspension is greater than 100 nm and is
visible to naked eyes.
 The particles of suspension can scatter a beam of light passing
through it.
 The particles of a suspension settle down when left undisturbed.
 The particles of a suspension can be separated from its mixture by
filtration.
Question 5:
Classify each of the following as a homogeneous or heterogeneous mixture: soda
water, wood, air, soil, vinegar, filtrated tea.
Answer 5:
Homogeneous mixture - soda water, air, vinegar, filtered tea.
Heterogeneous mixture - wood, soil.
How would you confirm that a colourless liquid given to you is pure water?
Answer 6:
Every liquid has a characteristic boiling point at 1 atmospheric pressure. If the
given colourless liquid boils exactly at 373 K at 1 atmospheric pressure, then it is
pure water. If the boiling point is different, then the water is contaminated.
Which of the following materials fall in the category of a ‘pure substance’?
(a)Ice(b)Milk(c) Iron(d)Hydrochloric acid(e) Calcium oxide(f) Mercury
(g)Brick(h)Wood(i) Air.Answer 7:
(a), (c), (d), (e) and (f) are pure substances.
Identify the solutions among the following mixtures.
(a)Soil(b)Sea water(c) Air(d)Coal(e) Soda water.
Answer 8: www.tiwariacademy.com
Solutions among the following mixtures.
(b) Sea water(c) Air(e) Soda water.
Question 9:
Which of the following will show “Tyndall effect”?
(a)Salt solution(b)Milk(c) Copper sulphate solution(d)Starch solution.
Answer 9:
(b) and (d) are colloids and will show Tyndall Effect.
Question 10:
Classify the following into elements, compounds and mixtures.
(a) Sodium(b) Soil(c) Sugar solution(d) Silver(e) Calcium carbonate(f) Tin(g) Silicon(h) Coal
(i) Air(j) Soap(k) Methane(l) Carbon dioxide(m) Blood
Answer 10:
Elements - sodium, silver, tin, silicon.
Compounds - calcium carbonate, methane, carbon
dioxide.
Mixtures - soil, sugar solution, coal, air, soap, blood.

Which of the following are chemical changes?
(a)Growth of a plant(b)Rusting of iron(c) Mixing of iron filings and sand(d)Cooking of food
(e) Digestion of food(f) Freezing of water(g)Burning of a candle.
Answer 11:
Following are Chemical changes.
(a)Growth of a plant(b)Rusting of iron(c) Cooking of food(d)Digestion of food(e) Burning of a candle.

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2.

List the points of differencesbetween homogeneous andheterogeneous mixtures

1. Classify the following as chemical or physical changes:

Question 11: www.tiwariacademy.com

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