Final Report. (123) SG20BBA049

A
PROJECT REPORT
ON
“ ORGANIZATION STUDY: A STUDY WITH REFERENCE

TO BHALKESHWAR SUGAR LTD, BHALKI ”
Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the award of
FACULTY OF BUSINESS STUDIES

IN
BACHELOR OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
Sharnbasva University, Kalaburagi
Submitted by
SANGAMESH PARSHANNE
(SG20BBA049)
Under the guidance External Guide

of Prof. ROHAN.B
2022-2023
FACULTY OF BUSINESS STUDIES IN
BACHELOR OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
Sharnbasva University, Kalaburagi
CERTIFICATEs
Certified that the Project work entitled ORGANIZATION STUDY: A STUDY WITH
“
REFERENCE TO BHALKESHWAR SUGAR LTD, BHALKI”is a bonafide work
carried out by SANGAMESHPARSHANNE and bearing USN No: (SG20BBA049)

(USN) in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of the degree of Sharnbasva
University, Kalaburagi during the year 2022-202 . It is certified that all co reactions /
suggestion indicated for Internal Assessment have been incorporated in the Report. The
Project Report has been approved as it satisfies the academic requirements in respect of
project work prescribed for the BACHELOR OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
Degree.
Signature of the Guide Signature of the Chairperson Signature of the Dean
Name & Designation of Examiner

Signature with Date
1.
2.
DECLARATION
I, SANGAMESH S PARSHANNE, hereby declare that the Project Report, entitled

“ORGANIZATION STUDY: A STUDY WITH REFERENCE TO
BHALKESHWAR SUGAR LTD, BHALKI”, submitted to the BBA Programme,

Faculty of Business Studies, Sharnbasva University, Kalaburagi in partial fulfillment of
the requirements for the award of the Degree of Bachelor Business Administration is a
record of original training undergone by me during the period (12 weeks) March-
June2022 under the supervision and guidance of Prof. ROHAN B, BBA Programme,
Faculty of Business Studies, Sharnbasva University, Kalaburagi and it has not formed the
basis for the award of any Degree/Fellowship or other similar title to any candidate of any
University.
Place: Kalaburagi Signature of the Student

Date:
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I am extremely thankful to our Chancellor, BBA Program, Faculty of Business Studies,
Sharnbasva University, for his invaluable support. I wish to express my profound gratitude
to our honorable Vice Chancellor, Sharnbasva University, Kalaburagi for their kind
permission to undergo project work successfully. I express my heartfelt thanks to our Pro
Vice Chancellor, Registrar, Registrar (Eval) and Dean, Sharnbasva University,
Kalaburagi who provided all facilities for carrying out this project.
I immensely thanks to our Dean Dr. S H Honnalli and Chairman, Prof. Shashikanth
Kalshetty for his valuable suggestions and guidance for the completion of project work. I
express my sincere thanks to my Internship Training Project Report Prof.
ROHAN B , for guiding me throughout the work and I express my sincere thanks to my
Internship Training Project Report . I thank God Almighty for showering his perennial
blessing on me for giving me the courage to pursue this project work successfully.
SANGAMESH S PARSHANNE
(SG20BBA049)
CONTENTS
SL NO. PARTICULARS PAGE NO.
CHAPTER 1 01-04
INTRODUCTION 02
1.1 NEED FOR THE STUDY 03
1.2 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY 03
1.3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 03
1.4 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY 04
CHAPTER 2 05-25
THEORETICAL BACKGROUND 06
CHAPTER 3 26-46
INDUSTRY PROFILE 27
CHAPTER 4 47-82
DEPARTMENT ANALYSIS 48
CHAPTER 5 83-85
FINDINGS, SUGGESTIONS AND 84

CONCLUSION
5.1 FINDINGS 84
5.2 SUGGESTIONS 84
5.3 CONCLUSION 85
BIBLIOGRAPHY 86-87
88-90
QUESTIONNAIRE
Organization Study: A Study With Reference To Bhalkeshwar Sugar Ltd, Bhalki
Faculty of Business Study BBA (Co-Ed) Page 1
Sharnbasava University, Kalaburagi
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
The sugar industry occupies a permanent place among the organized industries in
India. Sugar industry holds second rank next to the cotton textile industry in importance.
It provides employment opportunities to nearly 5 lakhs of people directly. Sugar is

an essential product in India. A considerable quantity of sugar is from the old days. India
produces white sugar, Khandasari, and Jaggery. There are about 488 industries working
throughout the country. There are three types of by-products produced during the
manufacturing of sugar from sugar cane.
They are Molasses, Bagasse, Fresh mud, Power.
The present study concentrates on the overall organization functioning of sugar

industry and its molasses (Distillery) division, the study was taken to understand the
overall functioning and operations of organization to gain indepth knowledge about the
organization.
Organization is a combined effort of many individuals who are striving to achieve

a single goal. Hence, it is necessary for the management students to know how an
organization functions and the roles and responsibilities of employees in each stage of the
function and hierarchy of the organization.

1.1 NEED FOR THE STUDY:
This study is an attempt to know the working and functioning of organization

Bhalkeshwar Sugar Ltd. Hence, the topic “Organization Study at Bhalkeshwar Sugar Ltd” was
taken.
1.2 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY:
1. To gain the practical knowledge of organization structure and its department functions.
2. To study the profile of main product and by-products of Bhalkeshwar Sugar Ltd.
With special referance to the distillery division.
3. To study the various departments and their functions in the organization.
4. To know the management problems and steps taken by the organization to overcome.
5. To understand the overall role of individual departments of the organization.
1.3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:

The study is based on both primary and secondary form of data.
a. Primary data: The primary data was collected through discussion, observation and
interaction with staff of Bhalkeshwar Sugar Ltd. at Bajolga village of Bhalki taluka of
Bidar district.
b. Secondary data: The secondary data was gathered from different books, company
annual reports, broachers, prospectus, and internet.

1.4 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY:
• This study is limited to Bhalkeshwar Sugar Ltd. at Bajolga village of Bhalki taluka of
Bidar district.
• Time for the study was limited. Hence, detailed study was not possible.
• The organization has not disclosed any of the financial statement due to the factor of
confidentiality.
• Due to busy work schedules of the employees was difficult to obtaining informa tion
from them.
• Only few factors where studied due to lack of time and cost.

CHAPTER -2
THEORETICAL
BACKGROUND
CHAPTER -2 THEORETICAL BACKGROUND

INTRODUCTION
Organization is born when more than one person coordinates to execute a work, such
as one person passing bundles to another person who puts them in an order. People helping
one another in work constitute an organization. Organization is the foundation upon which the
whole structure of management is built. Organization is related with developing a frame work
where the total work is divided into manageable components in order to facilitate the
achievement of objectives and common goal.
CONCEPTS OF ORGANIZATION
a. A group of people who united by common purpose.
b. An entity, an ongoing business unit engaged in utilizing resources to create a result.

c. A structure of relationship between various positions in an enterprise.
d. A process by which employees, facilities and tasks are related to each other with a
view to achieve specific goals.
a) Meaning of the Organization

A social unit of people that is structured and managed to meet a need or to pursue
collective goals .All organization have a management structure that determines relationship
between the different activities and the members, and subdivides and assigns roles,
responsibilities and authority to carry out different task.
b) Definition of Organization
a) According to Luis A .Allen: “organization is the process of identifying and grouping
the work to be performed, defining and delegating responsibilities and authority, and
establishing relationship for the purpose of enabling people to work most effectively
together in accomplishing objective.”
b) Koontz and O’Donnelly “The establishment of authority relationship with provision
for coordination between them, both vertically and horizontally in the enterprise
structure.”
c) Nature of the organization

1. Organization as a process; as a process, organization is an executive function .it
becomes a managerial function involving the following activities.
2. Determining activities necessary for the accomplishment of the business objectives
3. Division of work
4. Grouping of inter-related activities
5. Assigning duties to person with requisite competence
6. Delegating authority
7. Co-coordinating the efforts of different persons and group
8. Organization as a structure; It is the framework of relationship of persons operating at
various levels to accomplishment common objectives. An organization is the systematic
combination of people, function and physical facilities. It constitutes a formal structure
with definite authority and clear responsibility.
Peter F. Drucker suggests following three types of analysis.
1. Activities analysis
2. Decision analysis
3. Relations analysis.

Characteristics / Features of Organization

The main characteristics or Features of organization are as follows:
a) Outlining the Objectives: Born with the enterprise are its long-life objectives of
profitable manufacturing and selling its products. Other objectives must be established
by the administration from time to time to aid and support this main objective.
b) Identifying and Enumerating the Activities: After the objective is selected, the
management has to identify total task involved and its breakup closely related
component activities that are to be performed by and individual or division or a
department.
c) Assigning the Duties: When activities have been grouped according to similarities
and common purposes, they should be organized by a particular department. Within
the department, the functional duties should be allotted to particular individuals.
d) Defining and Granting the Authority: The authority and responsibility should be
well defined and should correspond to each other. A close relationship between
authority and responsibility should be established.
e) Outlining the Objectives: Born with the enterprise are its long-life objectives of
profitable manufacturing and selling its products. Other objectives must be established
by the administration from time to time to aid and support this main objective.
f) Identifying and Enumerating the Activities: After the objective is selected, the
management has to identify total task involved and its breakup closely related
component activities that are to be performed by and individual or division or a
department.
g) Assigning the Duties: When activities have been grouped according to similarities
and common purposes, they should be organized by a particular department. Within
the department, the functional duties should be allotted to particular individuals.

h) Creating Authority Relationship: After assigning the duties and delegations of

authority, the establishment of relationship is done. It involves deciding who will act
under whom, who will be his subordinates, what will be his span of control and what
will be his status in the organization. Besides these formal relationships, some
informal organizations should also be developed.
SIGNIFICANCE OF ORGANIZATION
a) It facilitated Administration and management: organization is an important

and the only tool to achieve enterprise goals set by administration and explained
by management. A sound organization increases efficiency, avoids delay and
duplication of work, increases managerial efficiency, increases promptness, motivates
employees to perform their responsibility.
b) It Help in the Growth of Enterprise: Good organization is helpful to the

growth, expansion and diversifications of the enterprise. It contributes growth,
expansion and diversification of the enterprises.
c) It Ensures Optimum Use of Human Resources: It establishes persons with

different interests, skills, knowledge and viewpoints. A sound organization brings
harmony in their efforts, places right persons in the right job, improve the
communication network and motivates the employee to contribute their best to the
goals of the enterprise.
d) It Stimulates Creativity: A sound and well-conceived organization structure is

the source of creative thinking and initiation of new ideas. Delegation of authority
provides sufficient freedom to the superiors at different level.

e) Use of improved technology: A good Organization provides optimum use of

technological improvement. It accommodates new ideas in respect of organization
relationship while retaining its basic structure.
f) Co-ordination in the Enterprises: Different jobs and positions are welded together by
structural relationship of the organization. The organizational process exerts its due and
balanced emphasis on the coordination of various activities.
g) Executive development: The pattern of an organizational structure has strong influence on

the development of executive. Managers at different levels are continuously trained
develop and tested for assuming grater greater responsibilities and meeting new challenges
of managerial positions.
h) It ensures cooperation among workers: Over lapping and duplication of work exists
when the work distribution is not clearly identified and the work is performed in a
haphazard and disorganized way. Since a good organization demands that the duties be
clearly assigned amongst workers, such overlapping and duplication is totally eliminated.
PRINCIPLE OF THE ORGANIZATION

a) The principle of the objectives: Every organization and every part of the organization
must be an expression of the purpose of the undertaking concerned, or it is meaningless
and there for redundant.
b) The principle of specialization: The activities of every member of any organized

grouped should be confined, as for as possible, to the performance of a single function.
c) The principle of coordination: The purpose of organizing is, as distinguished from the
purpose of the undertaking, is to facilitate coordination.
d) The principle of authority: In every organized group the supreme authority must res
somewhere. There should be clear line of authority to every individual in the group.

e) The principle of responsibility: The principle of the superior for the acts of the
subordinates is absolute.
f) The principle of definition: The content of each position, both the duties involved, the
authority and responsibility contemplated and the relationships with other positions
should be clearly defined in writing and published to all concerned.
g) The principle of correspondence: In every position, the responsibility and authority

should be communicated.
h) The principle of span of control: No person should supervise more than five, or the
most, six direct subordinates whose work interlocks.
i) The principle of balance: It is essential that the various units of an organization should
be kept in balance.
j) The principle of continuity: Re organization is a continuous process: in every

undertaking specific provision should be made for it.
Meaning of an organizational structure
Organizational structure is a system used to define a hierarchy within an organization. It

identifies each job, its function and where it reports to within the organization. This structure is
developed to establish how an organization operates and assists an organization in obtaining its
goals to allow for future growth. The structure is illustrated using an organizational chart.
Definition of an organizational structure:

“Organizational structure is a framework that managers devise for dividing and
coordinating the activities of members of an organization. Because strategies and possible
organizational structure.”

CHARACTERISTIC OF AN ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE :
a) Work Specialization: Work specialization, also referred to as the division of labor, is

the degree to which specific tasks within an organization are broken down into
individual jobs. When work specialization is extensive, a company may assign a single
task to an individual as part of a larger project.
b) Departmentalization: Departmentalization describes the way in which an organization

groups different jobs or segments of its company together. For example, a functional
organizational structure groups jobs according to function, such as marketing, sales,
customer service and manufacturing. An organization that uses a divisional approach
groups according to geography, such as a western and eastern region. Other forms of
departmentalization include product, customer or market departmentalization.
c) Hierarchy of authority: Hierarchy of authority -- or chain of command refers to an

organization's line of authority and describes who reports to whom. Related to
hierarchy of authority is the span of control, which refers to the number of
subordinates over which managers have authority. Organizational structures can either
be flat or tall. Flat structures have
fewer levels of authority and wide spans of control. For example, a small startup company
may position the CEO at the top, who has authority over all other company employees. Tall
organizational structures, such as larger companies and corporations, have many levels of
authority and narrow spans of control.
d) Line and Staff Relationships: Line and staff relationships extend throughout the
organizational structure and describe the way people are involved in the organization. Line
managers are responsible for achieving company objectives or goals and include those in
the direct line or chain of command. Staff employees or managers give advice or make
recommendations to line managers and support the overall operations. In retail
corporations, for example, line employees may include department managers, store
managers, the vice president and president of operations, and the board of directors.

e) Decentralization and Centralization: Decentralized organizational structures spread

decision-making responsibilities to lower-level managers and some no managerial
employees. In contrast, a centralized organization maintains control and decision-
making responsibilities near the top of the company. For example, companies that
have franchise operations may centralize control at company headquarters. Whether a
company is decentralized or centralized, however, may depend on several factors, such
as how many hierarchical levels the organization has or the extent to which a company
is geographically dispersed.
OBJECTIVES OF ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE
Organizational structure is a business' skeleton. Organizations are alive and breathing,

so they require something to give them shape and support their life functions. Organizational
structures help everyone involved in a company to clarify and understand everyone else's role
and scope. They help facilitate divisions of labor, efficiency and assist in avoiding conflicts
and confusion. In turn, businesses get more done with fewer glitches and less strife.
a. Chain of Command: Organizational structures, among many things, help establish who is in
charge or what. They dictate how many vice presidents, department heads, managers and
project coordinators there are and what they oversee. Good organizational charts illustrate
who reports to whom so that everyone has a clear idea of how they are held accountable. This
helps employees know from whom to take direction, where they fit in to the overall scope of
an operation, and the scope and limitations of their roles.
b. Efficiency: Everyone needs to understand their role in a company's operation to do their part
well. If two people perform unnecessarily overlapping tasks, the company is wasting labor
resources. If no one is handling a particular task because they don't think it's within their role,
the company faces another form of inefficiency. Structures help to define departments, jobs
and roles around the tasks and functions the company needs executed. As companies grow,
downsize or business changes, they should periodically review their structures to make sure
the structures match their efficiency needs.

c. Uniformity and Controls: Some lines of business, such as banking and manufacturing,
require tasks to be done regularly and precisely. Typically, these businesses require and do not
allow much if any variation in how their employees perform their jobs because the
requirements of the tasks are set.
Therefore, their organizational structures tend to be very vertical
Emphasizing limited scopes for employees at the bottom and many layers of
managerial oversight above them. Everyone has a very specific role. Other organizations,
such as advertising firms and innovative computer companies, emphasize creativity and
innovation in their businesses.
TYPES OF AN ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE
• Line organization:
• Functional organization
• Line and staff organization
• Committee organization
• Divisional organization
• Project organization
• Matrix organizational

Line organization:
The line or military organization is the simplest and the oldest form organization. Line
structures are more common in small scale units. Authority flows in a direct line from
superiors to subordinates. Each employee knows who his superior is and who has the
authority to issue orders. The „one-man oneboss‟ principle is strictly applied. Manager has
full authority to their own areas of operation and are responsible for final result.
Figure: 2.1. Organization Structure of Line Organization
Source: V S P Rao “Management; Text and Cases” Excel Book Publisher New Delhi year;
2012 p.337

Functional Organization
The basic aim of a functional organization is to simplify complexity by grouping all
the work to be done into major functional departments. The functional structure is the most
widely form because of its simple logic and commonsense appeal. Here activities are grouped
together by common function. It is commonly described as „organizing work into related
bundles of skill.‟ Each functional unit has a dissimilar set of duties and responsibilities.
Figure: 2.2.Organisation structure of Functional Organization
Source: V S P Rao “Management; Text and Cases” Excel Book Publisher New Delhi year; 2012
p. 337.
Line and Staff Organization
Most large organizations belong to this type of organizational structure. These
organizations have direct, vertical relationships between different levels and also specialists
responsible for advising and assisting line managers. Such organizations have both line and
staff departments. Staff departments provide line people with advice and assistance in
specialized areas (for example, quality control advising production department).

Figure : 2.3. Line and Staff Organization
Source: https://images.search.yahoo.com/search/images
Committee organization
A committee organization is a group of people working together to solve a certain problem. It
investigate‟ analyses and debates that problem, and then makes a recommendation. Thus a committee
provides for exchange of ideas through discussion of all aspects of the problem and stimulates committee
members to give the organization the organization the best that is in them. It brings varied perspective and
information to the problem solving process secures coordinates and provides managers an invaluable
opportunity to develop their
administrative skills. Page 16
Faculty of Business Study BBA (Co-Ed)
Divisional Organization
In this type of structure, the organization can have different basis on which departments
are formed. They are:
a) Function
b) Product
c) Geographic territory
d) Project and
e) Combination approach.
Figure: 2.4. Divisional Organization
Source: https://images.search.yahoo.com/search/images
Project Organization
A project organization is a temporary organization designed to achieve specific results by
using teams of specialists from different functional areas in the organization. The project team
focuses all its energies, resources and results on the assigned project. Once the project has been
completed, the team members from various cross functional departments may go back to their
previous positions or may be assigned to a new project. Some of the examples of projects

are: research and development projects, product development, construction of a new plant,
housing complex, shopping complex, bridge etc.
Figure: 2.5. Project Organization
Source:http://www.yourarticlelibrary.com/organization/8-types-of- organisation Matrix

Organization
It is a permanent organization designed to achieve specific results by using teams of

specialists from different functional areas in the organization is a matrix organization. It is
actually a hybrid structure combining both functional and product structure in the same part of
the organization.

Figure:2.6. Matrix Organization
Sources: http://www.yourarticlelibrary.com/organization/8-types- organisatio
Customer Organizational Structure

Certain industries will organize by customer type. This is done in an effort to ensure
specific customer expectations are met by a customized service approach. An example of this
would be in health care. A patient seen as an outpatient has very different needs than those of
patients who spend time in the hospital as inpatients. A customer centered structure creates
customized care for those patients.

The advantage of this type of structure is that it specializes in the needs of each customer
group but can ignore the needs of different customer types.
Figure: 2.7. Customer Organizational Structure
Sources: https://pingboard.com/blog/types-business-organizational- structures/ Geographic

Organizational Structure
For organizations that cover a span of geographic regions, it sometimes makes sense
to organize by region. This is done to better support logistical demands and differences in
geographic customer needs.
Typically a structure that is organized by geographical regions reports up to a central

oversight person. You see this type of structure in companies that go beyond a city or state
limit and may have customers all across the country or in multiple states.

Figure:2.8. Geographic Organizational Structure
Sources:https://pingboard.com/blog/types-business-organizational- structures/ Network

Organization:
The most recent approach to divisional extends the idea of horizontal coordination and
collaboration beyond the boundaries of the organization. The network structure also known as
virtual or modular organization. It means the firm subcontracts many of its function to separate
organizations and coordinates their activities from a small head quarter organization. The services
are out sourced to separate firms that are connected electronically to the central office.

Figure : 2.9. Network Organization
Source: V S P Rao “Management; Text and cases”Excel books publisher New Delhi 2012 p.350
REFERENCES:
1. http//;Humanscience.wikia.com/wiki/introduction-to organization
2. V S P Rao “Management; Text And Cases” Excel Book Publisher New Delhi year;
2012 p 233.
3. www.businessdictionary.com
4. Dr. Sadashiv O. halasagi “principle and practices of business management‟‟ sri
siddalingeshwara prakashan Gulbarga year 2014 p119.
5. http//;www.yourarticale library.com
6. Parag diwan “Management principle and practices” publisher excel book New Delhi year
2012 pp.66-67.

7. Parag diwan “ Management principle and practices” ublisher excel book New Delhi
year 2012 pp.68- 69
8. Laurie j. mullins “management and organizational Behavior published pearson
education New Delhi year 2014 pp. 609-610.
9. http//;smallbusiness.chron.com/meaning-organizational structure-3803.
10. http://smallbusiness.chrone.com/forms-characteristic- organisation
11. http://smallbusiness.chrone.com/forms-characteristic- organisation
12. http://smallbusiness.chron.com/objectives-organizational-structure3823.html
13. (a,b);V S P Rao “management; text and cases” excel book publisher New Delhi
year;2012 (page no 336)
14. http://www.yourarticlelibrary.com/organization/8-types-of- organisation
15. V S P Rao “management; text and cases” excel book publisher New Delhi year;2012
p.352.
17. V S P Rao “management; text and cases” excel book publisher New Delhi year;2012
p.345
19. V S P Rao “management; text and cases” excel book publisher New Delhi year;2012 p
350.

CHAPTER 3
INDUSTRY PROFILE

CHAPTER 3 INDUSTRY PROFILE
An Introduction to Sugar Industry:
Sugar is one of the cheapest, most universally used and palatable sweetening agent of
provided high calorific value unique for quick conversion into energy. It contains 100 percent
carbohydrate.
India is known as the original home of sugar cane and sugar. Indians knew the art of
making sugar since the fourth century. However, the inception of the modern sugar industry in
India dates the back to mid-1930s when a few vacuum pan units were established in the
subtropical belts of Uttar Pradesh and Bihar. Until the mid-50s the sugar industry was almost
wholly confined to the state of Uttar Pradesh and Bihar. After the early sixties, the industry
dispersed into southern India, western India and other parts of north India. The Indian sugar
industry has not only achieved the distinction of being one of the largest producers of white
plantation crystal sugar in the world with over 450 sugar factory.
The sugar industry occupies a permanent place among the organized industries in India.
Sugar industry holds second rank next to the cotton textile industry in importance. It provides
employment opportunities to nearly 5 lakhs of people directly. Sugar is an essential product in
India. A considerable quantity of sugar is from the old days. India produces white sugar,
Khandasari, and Jaggery. There are about 488 industries working throughout the country.
Table 3.1. Number of Sugar Industries
Types of sectors India Karnataka
Co-operative sector 235 18

Private sector 120 31
Public sector 95 2
Total 450 51

GROWTH OF SUGAR INDUSTRY
On 1 July 1990, the government of India new guidelines for licensing new sugar
factories and for the expansion of the existing sugar factories. Under this guidance, the
licensing policy has been made very liberal so as to boost sugar production. India is the
original home of sugarcane and has a flouring sugar Industry in ancient time. But the modern
sugar manufacturing industries were established in the Bihar. But the real development of the
industry took place only after 1932 when protection was given to this industry against foreign
competition within a short period of 2 to 3 years. The number of sugar mills increased from 32
in 1931-1932 to 137 in 1935-1936 and the production also increased during the same period.
SUGAR INDUSTRY PROFILE IN INDIA
Sugar Industry is very important to the Indian National economy, because of its
multiple contributions in the shape of employment and provision of raw materials to other
industries.
Sugar is made by some plants to store energy that they don't need straight away, rather
like animals make fat. People like sugar for its sweetness and its energy so some of these plants
are grown commercially to extract the sugar. Sugar is produced in 121 Countries and global
production now exceeds 120 Million tonnes a year. Approximately 70% is produced from sugar
cane a very tall grass with big stems which is largely grown in the tropical countries.
The remaining 30% is produced from sugar beet a root crop resembling a large
parsnip grown mostly in the temperate zones of the north. It had been rightly pointed out by
the Late Shri. Fakhrudin Ali Ahmed when he was Minister for food and agriculture, at the
eleventh annual general meeting of the national federation of co- operative factories limited.
“The co-operative factories in some parts of the country have become a symbol of
industrialization in the development of ancillary industries providing opportunities of
employment to the village folk”.

The industry provides employment to about 35 million cultivations and 3.6 lakh
skilled and unskilled workers. Further, it accounts for providing employment to crores of
thousands in the sugar trade, in the transport of sugarcane and sugar, etc. It‟s by- products are
used as raw materials in industries such as alcohol, plastics, synthetics, rubber, and fiberboard
Pharmaceuticals, paper, etc. The sugar industry in recent years has begun to export sugar, thus
earning valuable exchange. Besides, it provides Rs. 300 crores in the form of taxes to the
exchange many facts of important of the industry, it ranks second among the major consumer
this country, next only to cotton, Textile industry.
The sugar industry is mostly oriented to a single material, namely sugarcane that
forms 60% of the total cost of production. Therefore, the availability of sugar cane and
facilities of Transporting raw material of the sugar mill naturally condition the industry of
sugar proximity to. The raw material is essential because the sucrose content of the sugar cane
begins to decrease soon after the cane is cut obtained as the factories for generating power
using a byproduct during the producing.
Therefore, power is not at all a dominating factor determining the location of sugar
industry .in recent times, techniques feasibility and economics visibility of the sugar projects
have been given importance in the location of the sugar industry. In the words of Dr.
M.Mehta, “The location pattern of the sugar industry is greatly influenced by the character
local distribution depends entirely on physical and Geographical factors, nature plays a
dominant role in the location industry”.
In India, major sugarcane growing states are Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Karnataka,
Gujarat, Tamil Nadu, and Andhra Pradesh. These six states contribute more than 85% of Total
sugar production in the country; Uttar Pradesh and Maharashtra together contribute more than
57% of total production. The sugar production in the states largely depends upon monsoon. From
1998-03 good monsoon resulted in a larger production of sugar in the country.
DEVELOPMENT OF ORGANIZATION

On 1 July 1990, the government of India issued new guidelines for licensing new
sugar factories and for the expansion of the existing sugar factories. Under this guidance, the
licensing policy has been made very liberal so as to boost sugar production.
India is the original home of sugarcane and has a flourishing sugar industry in ancient
time. But the modern sugar manufacturing industries were established in the Bihar. But the
real development of the industry took place only after 1932 when protection was given to this
industry against foreign competition within a short period of 2 to 3 years. The number of
sugar mills increased from 32 in 19311932 to 137 in 1935-1936 and the production also
increased during the same period.
SUGAR PRICING
Government of India fixes Statutory Minimum Price (SMP) for sugarcane according to
Clause 3 of the Sugarcane Order. This statutory Minimum Price is designed through the
consent of the Commission for Agricultural Cost and Prices (CACP) and respective state
Governments. For the year 2020-21, the rate was fixed at Rs. 74.50 per quintal with a basic
recovery of 8.5%. Indian Government on Sugar Industry.
THE FOLLOWING POLICY INITIATIVES ARE TAKEN TO BOOST

SUGAR INDUSTRY:
• The government declared the new policy on August 20, 1998, with regards to licenses
for new factories, which shows that there will be no sugar factory in a radius of 15 km.
• Setting up of Indian Institute of Sugar Technology at Kanpur is meant for improving
efficiency in the industry.
• In the year 1982, the sugar development fund was set up with a view to avail loans for
modernization of the industry.

SUGAR INDUSTRY IN KARNATAKA
Present Scenario and Strengths:
Karnataka Sugar Industry ranks 3rd in terms of its contribution of sugar in the total sugar
production in the country. Karnataka stands 4th in the Country in the cultivation of sugarcane.
RESOURCES / INFRASTRUCTURE AVAILABLE
The Sugar Industry in Karnataka can be divided into 2 groups that are the unorganized
sector which comprises of the producers of the Traditional sweeteners such as Gud and
Khandasari and the organized Sector which consists of the sugar mills. The manufacture of
Khandasari and Gud is considered to be a rural industry and are produced in huge Quantities.
The Gud and Khandasari are consumed mostly by the rural people as sources of nutrition and
also as sweeteners. The total sugar production of Karnataka Sugar Industry in 20202021 is at
13 lakh tons.
PROMINENT SUGAR FACTORIES OF KARNATAKA SUGAR INDUSTRY.
• Bannari Amman Sugar Ltd.

• Sri Chamundeswari Sugars Ltd.
• Godavari Sugar Mills Ltd.
• Mysore Sugar Company Ltd.
• Athani Farmers Sugar Factory Ltd.
• Shree Renuka Sugars Ltd.
GOVERNMENT INITIATIVES FOR DEVELOPMENT OF THE SECTOR

The state government in an attempt to boost Karnataka Sugar Industry has set up the
Karnataka Sugar Institute (KSI) which has emerged as a center for education and training for
sugar technology.

INCENTIVES AND CONCESSIONS: AS PER INDUSTRIAL POLICY

New Sugar industries and existed Sugar industries that have not availed purchase tax
deferment having co-generation facilities and Ethanol Production would be considered for the
conversion of purchase tax on Sugarcane as an interest-free loan on case to case basis
depending on the financial position of the factory.
COMPANY PROFILE
Table 3.2. Company Information
Name Of The Factory Bhalkeshwar Sugars Ltd., Bhalki
Year Of The Establishment 2013

Location Of The Unit Bhalkeshwar Sugars Ltd., Bhalki
Total Area 45
Total No: Of Employees 375
Contact Person Company Secretary
Labor Welfare Officer
Chief Engineer
Address For
Correspondence Bhalkeshwar Sugars Ltd., Bhalki
The vision of the company

“Bhalkeshwar Sugars Ltd., Bhalki shall strive hard to generate electricity by natural
resources and to manufacture sugar by an agro- based farm”. To be a premier company in
rural India for creating employment, support to agricultural activities, to support economically
backward class people for strengthening rural India.
Mission of the company

• “Development and strengthening of rural areas”.
• They will provide products of superior quality at a competitive price and ensure sustained
profitability and growth. Page 30
• They will protect the interest of all concerned promoters, shareholders, customer,
distributors, and employees.
Goals of the company
Maximum utilization of manpower and production capacity proper utilization of raw
materials to produce sugar and development of irrigation projects.
• To manufacture sugar and its by-products out of sugar cane grown and supplied by a
member of the society and to sell the same to best advantage.
• To acquire lands either by way of sale, lease or otherwise for the cultivation of
sugarcane and other crops and for the perfection of building machinery, etc.
• To install machinery for the utilization of by-products and buy raw materials and sell
finished products in the course of utilizing and marketing by-products.
Objectives of the company
Objectives of the society are to encourage proper development of agricultural

industries among members on co-operative lines by introducing the principles of cooperative
and joint forming methods with a view to secure the advantages of modern large agricultural
to the owner or tenant cultivators of land.
• To manufacture sugar portable spirits and by production out of the sugarcane supplies, by
the members and others and to self sugar, portable spirits, etc., so the manufactured to the
best advantages.
• To establish a sugar manufacturing factory and manage if for that purpose. To purchase
necessary sites construct building and means of the transport. To purchase install machinery and
other equipment to appoint on a contract or otherwise on a permanent and basis or for temporary period
managers, engineers, technologist, and other skilled and unskilled workers and staff required.
• To carry on the business of manufacturers refiners, producers, importance, Exporters, and

dealers in all kinds of sugar products, molasses, combustible fuel, yeast and other
fermentation, organic and inorganic chemicals, starch, syrups all alcoholic substance
acetone, spirits, sugar candy, glucose, confectionary, and canned fruits.

• To carry on the business of manufacturers and dealers in molasses, biogases, biases boards,
papers, paper pulp carbon dioxide, hydrogen, potash cane Wax, fertilizers and cattle feed.
COMPETITORS
a) The Mahatma Gandhi SSK Ltd., Bhalki.

b) Naranja Sahakari Sakkare Kharkhane Niyamit., Imampur (near
Janwada), Tal & Dist Bidar
c) The Bidar Sahakari Sakkare Kharkane Ltd., Hallikhed (S.F) Tal- Humnabad, Dist-Bidar.
PRODUCTS PROFILE
The company has ambitious plans to utilize various by-products in a systematic way.
a) BAGASSE:
a) Power generation
b) Paper production
c) Particleboard
d) Cattle feed & furfural
b) MOLASSES:
a) Butanol
b) Yeast
c) Industrial Alcohol
d) High protection Molasses

PERFORMANCE HIGHLIGHTS AND NEW PROJECTS:
Structure Growth and Prospectus Expansion of the company‟s business Distillery and
Ethanol project :
1. Expansion of the company’s business:
Our directors are pleased to inform that company has been permitted for the enhancement in
cane crushing capacity from 3500 TCD to 4500 TCD. From the government of Karnataka in
its global investor's meeting held during July 2003. The company has taken for increasing the
production capacity during the season 20012002 and achieved the sizeable production despite
initial troubles in the setting of modern sugar cum co-generation plant. Further over the
company has undertaken expansion scheme to overcome operation problems in the form of
constructing additional go down capacity of up gradation of boilers, sugars silos, additional
molasses tanks, additional staff quarters, and such other allied facilities.
2. Ethanol project:
Our board of directors has received a letter of intent from Govt. of Karnataka to take up a
th
distillery unit. Further our decision and approval given in the 7 Annual general meeting to
establish a distillery/ethanol; project, the name of the company got Bhalkeshwar Sugars Ltd.,
Bhalki. And the implementation of the distillery project commented by appropriating M/S.
Vasundata sugar institute.
DEPARTMENTAL STUDY
Functional Departments in the Organisation:

• Time and labor welfare department
• Purchase department
• Marketing department Sales department
• Computer department
• Security department Page 33

• Account And cash department

• Cane development department
• Production department
• Manufacturing department
a) SUGAR PRODUCTION:
The plant is capable of crushing about 1500 tons cane per day (TCD) and would be
producing export quality crystal white sugar using the latest techniques in the country. The
factory one of the most advanced in India. Robust and reliable equipment of latest design,
high efficiency, and low power consumption have been installed continuous operation all
around the year. Due to abundant cane available in the area of operation, a minimum duration
of season of 9 to 10 month is assured i.e., to say about 6,53,043 lakh tonnes of sugarcane will
be crushed during the season to produce around 6,46,500 lakh quintals of sugar, when this is
done, the turnover of the company right beginning would be Rs.120 crores and after meeting
all the obligations, there will be sizable per year.
EXPLANATION OF MANUFACTURING PROCESS:
• Cane preparation:
Sugarcane is harvested and clean cane is loaded in the vehicles and brought to the
factory. The gross weight is taken and loaded on the feeder table with an electric crane. The
weight of the vehicle is taken to arrive at the weight of the cane. Cane is feed to cane carrier
from the feeder table. The preparatory devices viz., kicker, fibrizer, etc installed on the carrier
for the preparation of cane.
• Cane milling:
Carrier takes the prepared cane to mills, to where the juice is extracted using
compound ambition process and hot water is applied to its maximum extraction of the juice
before the last mill.

• Raw juice heating:
Mixed is strained and sent for processing and water for ambition. Mixed juice and
water both are weighted in automatic weighing scales separately bagasse (residues of the cane
after juice extraction) is used as fuel in the boiler and surplus bagasse saved in the form of
bales is sent for storage.
• Sulphonation:
Mixed juice is clarified by sulphonation process by heating at
75.C in juice heater. Milk of lime and sulfur dioxide gas, which is produced by burning sulfur,
is used as clarifications. They are thoroughly mixed in the juice sulfite. Then the sulfated juice
is heated to 102 degree Celsius in another juice heater.
• Clarification:
This juice is passed on to continuous clarifier through the flash tank for settling. The
settled mud is filtered with the help of vacuum filter were filters are separated and sent for the
clarification treatment plant. The washed filter cake with minimum sugar content is sent out as
products.
• Evaporation and syrup boiling:
Decanted clear juice from the clarifier is taken to evaporators (multiple effects). The
concentration is increased to a syrup consistency. The heat required for heating and
evaporation is used for exhaust steam and the vapors from the evaporators. Exhaust steam is
obtained from prime mover turbines sent for further clarification treatment in the integrated
plant. The sugar is produced from the further concentration of this syrup and sugar melt by
taking in the pan and boiled with syrup. This gives „A‟ massecuite. „A‟ massecuite from the
pan is discharged in to crystallize.

• Centrifugation and molasses:
Then the sugar crystals are separated from the surrounding film of mother liquor in a
centrifugal machine. The separated liquor is called as a molasses and sugar well washed and
dried with superheated water wash is dropped on the hopper from the centrifugal machine.
• Production of ethanol:
A heavy molasse is subject to second boiling to get „B‟ massecuite

there by „B‟ sugar and „B‟ heavy molasses. „B‟ sugar is used as a seed or
malteds. „B‟ heavy molasses is subject to third boiling to get „C‟ massecuite and
thereby „C‟ sugar and final molasses is weighted and stored in storage tanks.
Table 3.3. Board of Directors and Officers
Sl. No NAME DESIGNATION

1 Prakash. C. Khandre Chairman and Managing Director
2 Prasanna P Khandre Executive Director
3 Jagdish Khandre Director
4 Rachappa B Patil Director
5 Shanker Rao Kottarki Director
6 DD Pawar Director
7 Uttam Chand Sethia Director
NUMBER OF DIFFERENT DIVISIONS AND THE PRODUCTS BIOFERTILIZERS

Figure:3.1. Image of Sugar Plant Source:

www.bsl.com
The residual product from distillery operations blended with chemicals is sold as
Biofertilizer. Bhalkeshwar Sugars is under construction to produce Biofertilizer.

ETHANOL
Figure:3.2. Image Ethanol Plant
Alcohol produced from molasses, a brown colored residue left after sugar extraction
from cane juice. The alcohol can be purified to produce fuel grade alcohol that can be blended
with petrol.
BHALKESHWAR SUGARS is under construction of ethanol plant with 60 KLPD and
it is expected to complete by next season.
POWER

Figure: 3.3 Image Power Plant
BHALKESHWAR SUGARS has a 14 MW power generation capacity out of which

4.5 MW is captive and remaining 9.5 MW is exportable to GRID. During the non -crushing
season, 8 MW power has been generated by using saved bagasse which approximately runs
for about 40 days. During this period captive power demand is 1 MW and surplus power, 6
MW is expected to GRID. There are 2 turbines for generating power out of one turbine is used
for generating and exporting power to GRID. And the second turbine is of 7 MW is used for
internal consumption. In addition to 14 MW, BHALKESHWAR SUGARS is adding 16 MW
power generation to the existing 14 MW which accounts to total generation of 30 MW.
SUGAR

Figure: 3.4. Image Sugar Types
Bhalkeshwar Sugars is known for quality, hygiene, and good taste. We produce
plantation white sugar of very high quality with less than 100 icumsa. The sugar produced
meets the international standard of very low NSR (Nonsoluble residue) value of less than 20
PPM. The sugar manufacturing process at our plant takes place under strict quality control
measures and produced sugar is nowhere touched by hands. We are always among the first to
adopt the latest equipment and technology to ensure that our product quality is nothing but the
best. BHALKESHWAR SUGARS sugar is crystal clear and is known to be sweeter and
healthier than many other sugar brands.
Three categories of sugar:
BHALKESHWAR SUGARS is categories in three different categories based on crystal

size:
• Small,
• Medium and Large.
Grades of Sugars Produced:
M-30, S1-30, and S2-30, out of which maximum production is of 30 color sugar. (30 is
the best color standard fixed by the Govt of India). Sugar grading is done for color and grain
size. Sugar produced is regularly matched with N.S.I. standards. % retention of sugar is

currently is being maintained at 85% + as against the minimum requirement of 70%. Sugar is
used not only as a constituent in foods produced at home and industrially produced foods but
also as a raw material in fermentation to produce ethyl alcohol, butyl alcohol, glycerine, and
citric acid. Sugar is also an ingredient in some transparent soaps and it can be converted to
esters which yield tough, insoluble and infusible resins. Sale of white crystal sugar is now in
the free market done. For now, sugars mills are allowed to sell even at one go the part of the
product which they can sell in the open market. Sugar mills can sell their total production in
the open market.
MOLASSES
Figure:3.5.Image Molasses Storage
An Important Bi-product
The company feels that the more the extent of diversification of product base, the less
will the reliance be, of the industry on domestic prices of sugar. This justifies the importance it Faculty
of Business Study BBA (Co-Ed) Page 41

attaches to the Bi- products including molasses. Molasses, an important Bi-product of the
sugar industry, is used extensively for the manufacture of ethyl alcohol and alcohol-based
downstream chemicals in addition to the manufacture of portable alcohol. It is the Bi-product
obtained in the preparation of sugar through repeated crystallization. The yield of molasses
per ton of sugar cane varies in the range of 4.5% to 5%. It contains nearly 45% un -
crystallized, fermentable sugar and some sucrose. It is also used as food for farm animals and
in the manufacture of several processed tobaccos.
Increase in the production and quality of molasses is obviously going to reflect in the
increased production of industrial alcohol, which is another thrust area for Bhalkeshwar
Sugars. The company set up a distillery with a daily production capacity of 60 liters per day
and may very soon enter into the production of Indian made foreign liquor (IMFL). The state
Government controls the export of molasses through export licenses issued every quarter.
Molasses and alcohol- based industries were decontrolled in 1993 and are now being
controlled by respective state government policies. Nearly 70% of molasses produced is
consumed by the industrial alcohol manufacturers and the remaining 30% is consumed by the
portable alcohol sector.
NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES AND THEIR CADRE

• The company has 325 workers are working in the company.
• They are divided as follows”
Table 3.4. Employees and Their Cadre
Type of Employees No. of Employees

Permanent Worker 225
Seasonal Worker 050
Consolidated Worker 050
Total 325

CHAPTER 4
DEPARTMENT ANALYSIS
CHAPTER 4 DEPARTMENT ANALYSIS
MEANING AND DEFINITION:
Department is the foundation of the organization structure. Department means a

division of work into smaller units and their regrouping into bigger units on the basis of
similarity of features.
a) Organization Structure:
It is the basis for specialization and coordination influenced primarily by strategy and
by organization size and diversity.
b) Administration Department:
Administration department is the main department in the organization. There are a

total number of 325 employees working in this department. BHALKESHWAR SUGAR
LTD., BHALKI is divided into 8 sections and they are as below:
a. Share Section.
b. Time and labor Welfare Section
c. Purchase Section.
d. Stores Section.
e. Account and Cash Section
f. Sales Section.
g. Security Section.
h. Telephone Operating Section.

1) PURCHASE SECTION:
Table 4.1. Purchase Section:
Purchase officer
Clerks
Attainders
Here this section will get the requisitions from different departments of the company.
According to the requirements it arranges to purchase materials and supplies to each and
every department required materials in time.

2) STORES SECTION:
Table 4.2. Stores Section
The store section is also an important section in the administrative department. All
types of materials are kept in this section. Which are required for the factory smooth running.
The section works day and night. The shift is changing every 8 hours. This section is
maintained by the store's keeper. The main work of this section is providing the materials to
the required departments.
These stores section maintains some books like:
a. Transport.
b. Bin card.
c. Daily issued.
d. Monthly issued.

It is also one of the section under Administration department, there is a total of 12

employees working in this section.
3) PROCEDURE OF WORKING AT PRESENT:
STORES:
Handling of materials: First, they receive the stores purchase indents from concerned
section heads for requisition to purchase item needed for the crushing or offseason work.
Then they mention the present stock of an item in the purchase indents, after verifying the
stores. Then only they forward the purchase indents.
After receiving the materials from suppliers they seek the quality approval of the same
materials. After getting the approval, materials are placed to the respective racks and then
they issue the materials by adapting the FIFO method.
SALES SECTION
Table 4.2. Sales Section
Sales officer
Sales in charger
Consultant clerks
In this section sale of the following products produced takes place those are sugar,
molasses, bagasse, and power. This factory is producing three types of sugars they are M -30, S1-
30 and S2-30 grades. And also it produces by-products like molasses, bagasse, and press mud.
These are used by the factory itself only like molasses and press mud are used in distillery

/ Ethanol production and bagasse is used in the production of power. And power is exported
to
KPTCL
This section will take care of all the sales transactions. The sale of sugar is done
according to the notification by the central government and has such factories follows certain
government rules in sales of sugar. Accordingly, Karnataka state federation of co-operative
sugar factories limited will give figures of bags to sell within a month.
PROCEDURE FOR SALE:

The organization undertakes selling activities in three methods:
a. Free sale: Free sale is done within the country. Here the company will invite tenders
from different buyers at 10 days notice. The sugar is sold to that buyer who quotes .or
bids highest price. Tenders are called periodically. If the rate is not satisfactory the
tender will be canceled. In free sale sugar is being done to bulk purchases on the bases
of tenders, these bulk purchases then sell the purchased sugar to retailers.
b. Levy sale: It is also done within the state of Karnataka and being sold to the
government of Karnataka on levy bases. The government then distributes outlets at a
predetermined, reasonable price.
c. Export: Sugar is sold outside the country on the contract bases.
According to the rules and regulation of the contract, it will be done.
4) SECURITY SECTION:
Figure 4.3. Security Section

Security officer
Assistant security
officer
Security guard
The security section is operating under the administrative department. It is also working in
three shifts as mentioned under time office section. Here in this department, the employees are
recruited on the yearly contract basis. There is a total of 42 guards working in this section.
The main works of this section are as follows:

• They are maintaining peace and discipline within the factory area.
• Time maintenance of worker.
• They check the incoming materials as per the vouchers, if they are right, they will
record inwards and seal the bill and leave inside.
• If outgoing material from the industry that person must and should have gate pass and
it will be entered in outwards.
• Avoid misuse of items.
• Submit a daily activity report to MD.
ACCOUNT AND CASH SECTION:
Accounts of the finance department are the main and the heart of every department of
the company or industry. Here in this factory, the accounts section maintains all the
transactions related to the factory dealings. The sale accounts, purchase accounts, etc are
maintained and this department prepares P&L account, Balance sheet, etc.

In Bhalkeshwar Sugar Ltd. finance department or accounts department in two sections.
1. General account section

2. Cane account section
In the above chart, 50% of the labors are working in the general account section and
50% are in the cane accounts section.
1. GENERAL ACCOUNTS SECTION:
In general accounts, section bookkeeping is followed. General account transactions

like receipts and payments registers are maintained. Receipts include sales process of sugar,
molasses, share amount, etc. Payments include salary, tax, etc. maintaining audit and audit
rectification is done, annual account and monthly account are prepared and maintained.
Some other types of registers maintained by this section are:
a. Advance register
b. Contractors register
c. Fixed assets register
d. Bank register
e. Expense register
2. CANE ACCOUNTS SECTION:
This section maintains the cane accounts and cane bills. This section purchases the
cane on a daily basis and prepares accounts of forthright basis. In addition, will take care of
all cane suppliers accounts and department manager separates accounts for cane suppliers.
The section will provide cane bill once in a month desired by the higher authority.
While giving cane bill, the department will debit all the expenses and advances which is given
to the cane suppliers in terms of seeds, fertilizers and transportation facilities and also
harvesting of the cane that all the expenses are given by the factory.

The registers maintained in this section are:
1. Self harvesting payment register and Harvesting bills

2. Cultivator payment register
6) CANE DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT: By
manager cane
Office Cane procurement Cane Division

Manager Cane Manager Manager
Cane officer
Figure: 4.4. Cane Development Department
OBJECTIVES OF THE CDD:
• To get the best quality of cane at the right time
• To improve the variety of the cane
• To provide all facilities like seeds, fertilizers, unloading and loading charges
• Main objectives are to receiving exactly 3500 TCD
• To undertake seeds development program

Varieties of Sugar cane:

• CO 67-01
• CO 86032
• CO 8014
• CO 6217
CANE PURCHASE:
The statutory minimum price or SMP rate of the government to purchase sugar cane is
800 per ton. The factory has the right to increase this value but not reduce it.
At present cane purchase rate is 800 Rs +Rs (Harvesting subsidy), Rs 600 per tone
shall be paid within 10-12 days as advance. Remaining balance amount.Fifty dollars.

7) ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT:
Figure: 4.5. Engineering Department
It is a very important department in any factory because engineers only have the
capacity to run the production smoothly. In this factory, this section has 174+372=547
employees. The main functions of this section are as follows.
a) To take care of all the division like boiler, mill, electricity, etc
b) To ensure that all machinery is in good condition
c) They inform the board of Management about scarce materials and make them
purchase those materials.
d) They repair the broken down machines and make them work properly.
e) During the off-season the functions are
f) Maintenance of the machinery correctly,
g) Overhauling of the machinery.
h) Machinery erection.

8) PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT:
The production department is one of the core parts of every process-based industry. In
addition, it plays a vital role in the organization for smooth going in every sugar industries.
Figure 4.6. Production Department
The chief engineer, chief chemist and civil engineer from the structure of the
production section.
The chief engineers work is to maintain Technical and mechanical work and improve
them to increase the crushing capacities. The chief chemist work is to instruct how where and
when to use chemicals in the production process. The civil engineers work is to plan, where to
situate the machinery and also they advise useful suggestion to make the production very easy
and smooth.
9) PRODUCTION PROCESS:
CANE WEIGHT
In this, they measure sugarcane including vehicle after unloading the cane. They
measure vehicle weight and they deduct that weight in the total weight. Thus they get the
actual weight of the cane. One goes to cane account and another goes to the farmer and the
third one goes to Transport office.
CANE CARRIER
The unloaded cane is put down in carrier and the motor drives carrier. It is connected
to cane cutter.
CANE CUTTER
Cane cutters are of 2 types
st
a) 1 cutter ---------- in this cane cuts into 12 to 20 inches
b) 2nd cutter ---------- in this cane cuts into 3 to 5
inches After cutting cane is forwarded in fibers
The fiberized cane is taken into the mill section.
MILL SECTION
In this section, the cane is squeezed. Whatever the quantity of juice quizzed in the mill
is pumped into clarification house. At this time they get the by-product called badass
CLARIFICATION
Juice, which is taken from Mill section, should be heated by the steam of 80 c to 100
c. At this level, they add milk of lime (MOL) and So2 gas to the heated juice, after this mixed
juice is stored in Dorr because it has some impurities.

DORR
The juice has some by-product like press mud and bagasse before it is stored in the Dorr.
After storing in the Dorr, these are separated and move downward.
EVAPORATORS
After clarification the juice store in Dorr. Then it is taken into Evaporators to
evaporate that with the water after evaporation juice is taken into pan section.
PAN SECTION
In this section again syrup (juice) is boiled or heated by the steam. In this section, they
remove water, which is mixed in the syrup. After that they make crystals. It is done in
crystallizes.
CENTRIFUGALS
This is the last process in the process in producing sugaring this section 3 Mossecuits
are there.
a. A-Massecuite: By this only sugar is produced.

b. B-Mossecuite: The sugar produced in this section, become melt and again goes to A-
mossecuite.
c. C-Massecuite: In this section also sugar becomes melt and goes to Amassecuite. In this
section, the factory gets the main by- product Molasses and stores it in the storage tank.
PRODUCTS:
a) Finished products :
The finished product is sugar, which is produced from the sugar cane. There are 3
varieties of sugar produced. They are, S1-30 S2-30 M2-30 S1-29 S1-
31.
b) By-products :
There are four types of by-products produced during the

manufacturing of sugar from sugar cane. They are,
• Molasses
• Bagasse
• Fresh mud
• Power
Molasses is used as major content in the production of wines and other alcoholic
products. So it is sold to the liquor industry of income 2 crores is earned per month. Bagasse
is also used as one of the by-products obtained during the process.
It is used as fuel for boilers to produce steam through which electricity is obtained.
The electricity obtained is used for the factory itself and the surplus is sold to KPTCL.
Fresh mud is yet another by-product produced during the process. It is sold to the
farmer during the process. Which they, in turn, use it as fertilizer to grow sugar cane. It is also
sold to fertilizer units and also feeds to the cattle.
Table No 1: Gender wise classification.
G e n d e r Noofrespondents
M a l e 9 5
F e m a l e 5
T o t a l 1 0 0

From the above table it was found that 95 percent respondents were male and 05
percent respondents were female.
Graph no 1:Gender wise classification
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Male Female
opinion
Table No 2: Qualification Wise classification
Qualification Noofrespondents
S S L C 7 1
G r a d u a t e 1 8
Postgraduate 4
I l l i t e r a t e 1 7
T o t a l 1 0 0

From the above table it was found that 71 percent respondents were matric, 18 percent
were graduate, 17 percent were illiterate and 4 percent were post graduate.
Graph no: 2 Qualification Wise classification
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Matric Graduate Post graduate Illiterate
opinion
Table No 3: Occupation wise classification
Occupatio n Noofrespondents
Agriculture 8 5
B u s i n e s s 0 6
Professional 0 9
T o t a l 1 0 0
From the above table it was found that 85 percent respondent were from agriculture, 9
percent respondents were from business and 6 percent respondents werefrom professional.

Graph no: 3 Occupation wise classification
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Agriculture Business Professional
opinion
Table No 4: Land wise classification
L a n d Noofrespondents
Y e s 1 0 0
N o 0 0
T o t a l 1 0 0
From the above table it was found that 100 percent respondents were having land.
Graph no: 4 Land wise classification

No of respondents
Yes No
0%
100%
Table No 5: Acre’s wise classification
A c r e s Noofrespondents P e r c e n t a g e
2to5acres 5 5 5 5
6to8acres 1 4 1 4
9to12acres 1 2 1 2
Morethan12acres 1 9 1 9
T o t a l 1 0 0 1 0 0
From the above table it was observed that 55 percent respondents have land of 2 to 5
acres,19 percent of respondents having land of more than 12 acres, 14 percent respondents
have land 6 to 8 acres and 12 percent respondents have 9 to 12 acres.

Graph no 5: Acre’s wise classification
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
2 to 5 acres 6 to 8 acres 9 to 12 acres More than 12
acres
opinion
Table No 6: Irrigation area
Irrigationarea Noofrespondents
Y e s 1 0 0
N o 0 0
T o t a l 1 0 0
From the above table it was found that 100 percent respondents are having irrigation
area.
Graph no: 6 Irrigation area

No of respondents
Yes No
0%
100%
Table No 7: Source of irrigation
S o u r c e Noofrespondents
B o ar we ll 6 0
O p en we ll 2 8
C a n n e l 1 2
T o t a l 1 0 0
From the above table it was noticed that 60 percent of the respondents source of
irrigation was bore well, 28 percent respondents source of irrigation was open well. 12 of
percent a respondent source of irrigation was canals.
Graph no: 7 Source of irrigation

70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Boar well Open well Cannel
opinion
Table No 8: Number of acres planted
No.ofacres Noofrespondents
2to5acres 9 9
5to10acres 0 1
10to12acres 0 0
Morethan12 0 0
T o t a l 1 0 0
From the above table it was found that 99 percent of the respondents have planted in 2
to 5 acre and 1 percent of respondents were planted in 5 to 10 acres.
Graph no 8: Number of acres planted

120
100
80
60
40
20
0
2 to 5 acres 5 to 10 acres 10 to 12 acres More than 12
opinion
Table No 9: Opinion towards yield per acre
Yieldperacre Noofrespondents
30to35ton 0 3
36to40ton 3 2
41to45ton 4 8
Morethan45 1 7
T o t a l 1 0 0
From the above table it was found that 48 percent of the respondents had opined that
yield per acre was 41 to 45 ton, 32 percent of respondents had opined that yield per acre was
36 to 40 ton, 17 percent of respondents had opined that yield per acres was more than 45 ton
and 3 percent of respondents had opined that yield per acres was more than 30 to 35 ton.
Graph no 9: Opinion towards yield per acre

60
50
40
30
20
10
0
30 to 35 ton 36 to 40 ton 41 to 45 ton More than 45
opinion
Table No 10: Annual income wise classification
Annualincome Noofrespondents P e r c e n t a g e
Below1lakh 3 3 3 3
1lakhto2lakh 1 8 1 8
2lakhto3lakh 1 8 1 8
Above3lakh 3 1 3 1
T o t a l1 0 0 1 0 0
From the above table it was found that 33 percent respondents annual income was below 1
lakh, 31 percent respondents annual income was above 3 lakh, 18 percent respondents annual
income was 1 lakh to 2 lakh and 2 lakh to 3 lakh.
Graph no 10: Annual income wise classification

35
30
25
20
15
10
0
Below 1 lakh 1 lakh to 2 lakh 2 lakh to 3 lakh Above 3 lakh
opinion
Table No 11:Period for the start of manual plantation
P la nt at ion Noofrespondents
J a n u a r y 3 3
F e b r u a r y 1 8
N o v e m b er 1 8
D e c e m b er 3 1
T o t a l 1 0 0
From the above table it was found that 33 percent of the respondent started manual plantation
in the month of January,31 percent respondents started manual plantation in the month of
December 18 percent respondents started manual plantation in the month of February and
November.
Graph no11: Period for the start of manual plantation

35
30
25
20
15
10
0
January February November December
opinion
Table No 12: Varieties of sugarcane grown
V a r i e t i e s Noofrespondents
O n e 9 9
T w o 0 1
T h r e e 0 0
Morethan3 0 0
T o t a l 1 0 0
From the above table, it was found that 99 percent of the respondents having grown
one variety and 1 percent respondents having grown two varieties.
Graph no 12: Varieties of sugarcane grown

120
100
80
60
40
20
0
One Two Three More than 3
opinion
Table No 13: Distance between field and factory
D i s t a n c e Noofrespondents
Lessthan10km 9 7
11to20km 0 3
21to30km 0 0
Morethan30km 0 0
T o t a l 1 0 0
From the above table it was found that 97 percent of the respondents had opinion that
distance between field and factory was less than 10KM and 3 percent respondents had
opinion that distance between field and factory was 11 to 20 KM.
Graph no 13: Distance between field and factory

120
100
80
60
40
20
0
Less than 10 km 11 to 20 km 21 to 30 km More than 30 km
opinion
Table No 14: Preference towards mode of transportation
M o d e Noofrespondents
L o r r y 0 3
T r a ct o r 0 0
B u l l c a rt 9 7
T o t a l 1 0 0
From the above table it was found that 97 percent of the respondent’s mode of
transport was bullock cart and 3 percent respondent’s mode of transport was lorry.
Graph no 14: Preference towards mode of transportation

120
100
80
60
40
20
0
Lorry Tractor Bull cart
Axis Title
Table No 15: Satisfaction level with the pricing plan
Satisfaction Noofrespondents
Y e s1 0 0
N o 0 0
T o t a l1 0 0
From the above table it was noticed that 100 percent of the respondents were satisfied
with the pricing plan.
Graph no 15 : Satisfaction level with the pricing plan

No of respondents
Yes No
0%
100%
Table No 16: Sugarcane is the main crop of the field
M a in c r o p Noofrespondents
Y e s 1 0 0
N o 0 0
T o t a l 1 0 0
From the above table it was found that 100 percent of respondents were of the opinion
that sugarcane was the main crop of the field.
Graph no 16: Sugarcane is the main crop of the field

No of respondents
Yes No
0%
100%
Table No 17: Other than sugarcane crop
Othercrops Noofrespondents
Y e s 1 0 0
N o 0 0
T o t a l 1 0 0
From the above table it was found that 100 percent of respondents were of the opinion
that other crops are the main crop of the field.
Graph no 17: Other than sugarcane crop

No of respondents
Yes No
0%
100%
Table No 18: Harvesting at the correct time
Harvestin g Noofrespondents
Y e s 1 0 0
N o 0 0
T o t a l 1 0 0
From the above table it was found that all the respondents had the opinion that
harvesting of sugarcane was done at the correct time.
Graph no 18: Harvesting at the correct time

No of respondents
Yes No
0%
100%
Table No.19: Major disease attacking the crop
Majordisease Noofrespondents
Y e s 4 5
N o 5 5
T o t a l 1 0 0
From the above table it was found that all the respondents had opinion that there was
measure disease to attack the crop.
Graph no 19: Major disease attacking the crop

60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Yes No
opinion
Table No 20: Return from cost of cultivation
R e t ur n Noofrespondents
Y e s 1 0 0
N o 0 0
T o t a l 1 0 0
From the above table it was found that 100 percent respondents had recovered cost of
cultivation.
Graph no 20: Return from cost of cultivation

No of respondents
Yes No
0%
100%

CHAPTER 5
FINDINGS, SUGGESTIONS
AND CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 5 FINDINGS, SUGGESTIONS AND CONCLUSION
5.1 FINDINGS:
• The company is using latest technology
• Too much government interference
• Administrative department is not up to the mark
• Over all department are performing well in the organization by this it has achieved
Common objevtives
• Worker involvement is good
• Good employees – employer relationship
• Good quality of cane sugar is purchased by industry.
5.2 SUGGESTIONS:
The Present methods of Organizational are not so helpful in carrying out the job.
effectively, so the company can concentrate more towards giving organization program
related to employee's job. So that they can perform better job.
• Encouragement certificates can be given to employees who have been giving their
suggestion on Organizational basis.
• It necessary to provide computer training to ever individual as it helps the end user to
access data easily.
• The Organizational should be practical and theoretical based to improve their skills.

• Company should make provision for workers Organizational and development in the
form of counselling or mentoring
• Sophisticated canteen facilities should be provided to the employees of the company.
5.3 CONCLUSION
From the study, it can be concluded or studied the various types of purchase patterns
that the organization has adopted to purchase a better quality of sugarcane. Also, they adopt
some new techniques and technology for the better quality of sugarcane for the production of
a better quality of sugar. Also, the organization makes farmers understand the best technique
of cultivation of sugarcane. The study also contains various different types of methods of how
an organization purchases sugarcane.

BIBLIOGRAPHY
BOOKS:
TITLE: HUMAN RESOURCES
[1] Author: philip kotler publisher: prentice-hall india edition: 11th edition
[2] Title: human resources author: s a shelter publisher: prentice hall edition: 1st edition.
[3] www.indiansugarindustry.com
[4] Bhalkeshwar [email protected]

QUESTIONNAIRE
“PURCHASE PATTERN OF SUGARCANE” AT

BHALKESHWAR SUGAR LIMITED
th
I SANGAMESH S PARSHENNE the student of BBA 6 Semester is doing my In-Plant Training
on Topic Purchase Pattern of Sugarcane at BHALKESHWAR SUGAR limited bhalki. Please Co-
operate with me by filling this Questionnaire to complete my Project Successfully.
QUESTIONNAIRE
1 .Name:__________________
2. Age:_____
3.. Address:_______________
4 Gender
a)Male b)Female
5. Qualification:

a)SSLC b)Graduate c)Post graduate d)Illite
rate
6 .Occupation
a)Agriculture b)Business c)Professional

7. Do you have a land?
a)Yes b)No
8. How many acres have you land?
a)2 to 5 b)6 to 8 c)9 to 12 d)More than 12
9 .Do you have Irrigation Area?
a)Yes b)No
10.Source of Irrigation of Land?

a)Boar well b)Open well c)Cannel
11.How many acres have you planted sugar cane?
a) 2 to 5 acres b)5 to 10 acres

c)10 to 12 acres d)More than 12 acres
12 .What is yield per acre?

a)30 to 35 ton b)36 to 40 ton
c)41 to 45 ton d)Morethan45ton
13. Annual income?

a) Below 1 lack b)1 lack to 2 lack c)2 lack 3 lack d)Above 3
lack

14.Every year plantation starts in the month of ?

a)January b)February c)November d)December
15.How many varieties of sugar cane you are growing?

a)One b)Two c)Three d)More
16.Distance between fields to the factory?

a) Less than 10 Km b)11 to 20 Km
c) 21 to 30 Km d) More than 30 Km
17.Mode of transportation?
a) Lorry b)Tractor c)Bull cart
18.Are you satisfied with the pricing plan of factory?
a) Yes b) No
19.Is sugar cane main crop in your field?
a) Yes b)No
20.Other than sugar cane Do you grow any other crop?
a) Yes b) No


Final Report. (123) SG20BBA049

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Final Report. (123) SG20BBA049

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Final Report. (123) SG20BBA049

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

A

“ ORGANIZATION STUDY: A STUDY WITH REFERENCE

FACULTY OF BUSINESS STUDIES

Under the guidance External Guide

carried out by SANGAMESHPARSHANNE and bearing USN No: (SG20BBA049)

Signature of the Guide Signature of the Chairperson Signature of the Dean

Name & Designation of Examiner

I, SANGAMESH S PARSHANNE, hereby declare that the Project Report, entitled

BHALKESHWAR SUGAR LTD, BHALKI”, submitted to the BBA Programme,

Place: Kalaburagi Signature of the Student

SL NO. PARTICULARS PAGE NO.

1.1 NEED FOR THE STUDY 03

1.2 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY 03

1.3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 03

1.4 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY 04

FINDINGS, SUGGESTIONS AND 84

It provides employment opportunities to nearly 5 lakhs of people directly. Sugar is

The present study concentrates on the overall organization functioning of sugar

Organization is a combined effort of many individuals who are striving to achieve

Faculty of Business Study BBA (Co-Ed) Page 2

This study is an attempt to know the working and functioning of organization

1.2 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY:

1.3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:

Faculty of Business Study BBA (Co-Ed) Page 3

1.4 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY:

Faculty of Business Study BBA (Co-Ed) Page 4

Sharnbasava University, Kalaburagi

CHAPTER -2 THEORETICAL BACKGROUND

b. An entity, an ongoing business unit engaged in utilizing resources to create a result.

a) Meaning of the Organization

Faculty of Business Study BBA (Co-Ed) Page 5

c) Nature of the organization

Faculty of Business Study BBA (Co-Ed) Page 6

Characteristics / Features of Organization

Faculty of Business Study BBA (Co-Ed) Page 7

h) Creating Authority Relationship: After assigning the duties and delegations of

a) It facilitated Administration and management: organization is an important

b) It Help in the Growth of Enterprise: Good organization is helpful to the

c) It Ensures Optimum Use of Human Resources: It establishes persons with

d) It Stimulates Creativity: A sound and well-conceived organization structure is

Faculty of Business Study BBA (Co-Ed) Page 8

e) Use of improved technology: A good Organization provides optimum use of

g) Executive development: The pattern of an organizational structure has strong influence on

PRINCIPLE OF THE ORGANIZATION

b) The principle of specialization: The activities of every member of any organized

Faculty of Business Study BBA (Co-Ed) Page 9

Sharnbasava University, Kalaburagi

g) The principle of correspondence: In every position, the responsibility and authority

j) The principle of continuity: Re organization is a continuous process: in every

Meaning of an organizational structure

Organizational structure is a system used to define a hierarchy within an organization. It

Definition of an organizational structure:

Sharnbasava University, Kalaburagi

CHARACTERISTIC OF AN ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE :

a) Work Specialization: Work specialization, also referred to as the division of labor, is

b) Departmentalization: Departmentalization describes the way in which an organization

c) Hierarchy of authority: Hierarchy of authority -- or chain of command refers to an

Sharnbasava University, Kalaburagi

e) Decentralization and Centralization: Decentralized organizational structures spread