Mini Project on :

“FOOD PROCESSING INDUSTRY”

Submitted for the

Master of Business Administration

DEGREE

(Session: 2022- 2023)

SUBMITTED BY

Prachi Gupta

AFFILIATED TO
DR. A.P.J. ABDUL KALAM TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY

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 Student Declaration

I “Prachi Gupta” hereby declares that the work which is being presented in this report
entitled “FOOD PROCESSING INDUSTRY” is an authentic record of my own work.

The matter embodied in this report has not been submited by me for the award of any other
degree/ Diploma/ Certificate.

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 Director

Certificate

This is to certify that the work which is being presented in this report entitled “FOOD
PROCESSING INDUSTRY” is an authentic record of the (Prachi Gupta) carried out under
my supervision. The statements made by the candidate are correct to the best of my
knowledge.

Prof. (Dr.) Rudresh Pandey Supervisor:

Director, Niyati Shukla
GREATER NOIDA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY (MBA Institute) Date: 10/06/2024
Date:

(Seal of the Department/ College)

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 Acknowledgment

I would like to express my special thanks of gratitude to GREATER NOIDA INSTITUTE

OF TECNOLOGY STUDIES MBA PROGRAMME, GREATER NOIDA for giving me
opportunity to do the project on topic “FOOD PROCESSING INDUSTRY”.

Thereafter I would to thank my internal guide PROF. NIYATI SHUKLA for their guidance
and support.

I would also like to thanks all the faculty members, who guided me to complete this project.

Last but not the least, I would also like to thanks those who have contributed their time and
support in preparation of the project.

Thank you all from bottom of my heart.

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 CONTENT

SERIAL INDEX PAGE

NO. NO.
1. INTRODUCTION 1-3
2. FOOD PROCESSING INDUSTRY IN INDIA 4-7
3. MAJOR AREAS OF FOOD PROCESSING 7-11
INDUSTRY IN INDIA

4. OPPORTUNITIES OF FOOD PROCESSING 11-14

INDUSTRY IN DIFFERENT SECTOR IN
INDIA
5. CHALLENGES FOR FOOD PROCESSING 15-17
INDUSTRIES

6. SWOT ANALYSIS OF FOOD PROCESSING 17-20

INDUSTRY

7. PORTER FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS 21-22

8. STRATEGIES ADOPTED TO OVERCOME THE 22-25
CHALLANGES

9. TECHNOLOGY IMPROVISATION 25-26

10. DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES IN AGRIFOOD 27-29

SYSTEMS

11. VALUE CHAIN IN FOOD PROCESSING 29

SECTOR AND KEY PLAYERS
12. CONCLUSION 30

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 FOOD PROCESSING INDUSTRY IN INDIA
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INTRODUCTION

India is the world‘s second largest producer of food next to China and has the
potential of being the biggest in the World. Food and food products are the biggest
consumption category in India, with spending on food accounting for nearly 21% of
India‘s GDP and with a market size of $181 billion. The Indian domestic food market
is expected to grow by nearly 40% of the current market size to $344 billion by 2025.
India‘s agricultural base is quite strong but wastage is very high and processing of
food products is very low. While processing of food to consumable standards are at
levels of up to 80% in some developed countries, the overall processing level in India
has recently reached 10%.
India has made vast progress overtime in providing food security for its people and
has become largely self-reliant in agriculture. Accordingly, the policy focus has
shifted from attaining self-sufficiency to generating higher and stable income for the
farming population. Food processing industry (FPI) is one area which has the
potential to add value to farm output, create alternate employment opportunities,
improve exports and strengthen the domestic supply chain. India, with about 11.2 %
of total arable land in the world, is ranked first in the production of milk, pulses and
jute, second in fruits and vegetables and third in cereals (Government of India, 2019).
It is also the sixth largest food and grocery market.

Generally, in developing country markets, higher incomes result in diet upgrades,

with increased demand for meats, dairy products, and other high value products. In
India also sustained economic growth and increasing urbanization are fueling rapid
growth in demand for high value food commodities like fruits, vegetables, milk,
meat, eggs and fish.

The food processing sector comprises of two segments- Primary processed food and
Value-added food. Primary segment comprises of packaged fruit and vegetables,
milk, flour, rice, spices etc and constitutes around 62% in value terms of the

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processed

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By serving as a bridge between agriculture and manufacturing and by dealing with a

basic need of all Indian citizens – the assured supply of healthy and affordable food
at all locations in the country, this sector has the potential to be a major driver in
India‘s growth in the coming years. In fact the food processing sector has been
growing faster than the agriculture sector.
FOOD PROCESSING INDUSTRY IN INDIA
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FOOD PROCESSING INDUSTRY IN INDIA

The Indian food processing industry stands at $135 billion and is estimated to grow
with a CAGR of 10 per cent to reach $200 billion by 2015. The food processing
industry contributed 7% to India‘s GDP. The industry employs around 13 million
workers directly and about 35 million indirectly.
The industry is segmented into sectors namely, milk and allied products (dairy), meat
and poultry, seafood, bakery and confectionery, fruit and vegetables, grain, pulses and
oilseeds (staple) products, alcoholic and non-alcoholic products (beverages), and
packaged foods. The classification is not distinct as many processed products overlap
different segments.
India ranks No. 1 in the world in production of Milk (Fresh, whole, buffalo), Pulses,
Ginger, Chick Peas, Bananas Guavas, Papayas and Mangoes. Further, India ranks No.
2 in the world in production of Rice, Wheat, Potatoes, Garlic, Cashew Nuts,
Groundnuts, Dry Onion, Green Peas, Pumpkins, Gourds, and cauliflowers. With
the huge production base India can easily become the leading food supplier to the
world and at the same time serving its vast growing domestic market with over a
billion people.
Investments in the registered food processing units have been growing in the
recent years. In 2007-08 the fixed capital of registered food processing units have
increased by 18.93% over the previous year.
Food processing industry in India is increasingly seen as a potential source for
driving rural economy as it brings synergy between industry and agriculture. A
developed food processing industry is expected to lead increase in farm gate prices
translating into increased rural incomes, reduce wastages, ensure value addition,
promote crop diversification, generate employment opportunities as well as export
earnings. With such a large and diversified production base coupled with low

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manpower cost and modern technology, the Indian food processing sector is poised
for growth, if the advantages are leveraged optimally. The growth is driven by the
fact that the central government has given a priority status to all agro-processing
businesses. Government incentives in the field of mega food parks, cold chain and
exports benefits are also playing an important role in promoting food processing.
The major challenges are investments at different points of the supply and value
chain, proper research, farm and lab connectivity, upgradation of technology,
increase in farm holding, skill and manpower training, backend and front-end
integration and cold chain integration.
The opportunities in the food processing industry are vast. However, there is a need
to improve technology and productivity to be competitive globally. As the economy
grows, the food processing industry will offer bigger opportunities to the new as well
as the existing players.
India has the second largest arable land of 161 million hectares and has the highest
acreage under irrigation. Next to China, India ranks second largest food producer in
the world and has the potential to immerge the biggest with its food and agricultural
sector. India accounts for less than 1.5% of international food trade despite being
one of the world‘s major food producers, which indicates huge potential.

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Key growth drivers of Food Processing Sector in India

• Increasing spending on health and nutritional foods.

• Increasing number of nuclear families and working women
• Changing lifestyle
• Functional foods, fresh or processed foods
• Organized retail and private label penetration
• Changing demographics and rising disposable incomes

Key opportunities in Food Processing Sector

• Processable varieties of crop

• Contract farming
• Investments in infrastructure through Public Private partnership (PPP)
• Mega Food parks
• Logistics and cold chain infrastructure

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MAJOR AREAS OF FOOD PROCESSING INDUSTRY IN

INDIA

The sector comprises of the following major areas –

□ Fruits & Vegetables

Beverages, Juices, Concentrates, Pulps, Slices, Frozen & Dehydrated
products, Wine Potato Wafers/Chips Banana, mango, citrus, papaya,
guava and grape account for major share in total fruit production. Potato,
tomato, onion, brinjal, cabbage, cauliflower and tapioca account for
maximum share in vegetable production etc.

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 Production Volume for Major Fruits & Vegetables (in million metric tonnes)

1. Banana 28
2. Mango 19
3. Citrus 11
4. Papaya 5
5. Guava 4
6. Potato 46
7. Tomato 20
8. Onion 18
9. Brinjal 12
10.Cabbage 9

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□ Fisheries
Frozen & Canned products mainly in fresh form

 Inland sector 7.10 MT

 Marine sector 6.35 MT
Contributes 1 per cent to overall GDP and 4.6 per cent of agriculture GDP
Production of fisheries

□ Meat & Poultry

Frozen and packed mainly in fresh form, Egg Powder. World’s largest
population of livestock and world’s 5th largest producer of meat.
Ninthlargest producer of poultry meat, fifth largest egg producer and the
eighteenth largest producer of broilers in the world. Egg production –
around
66.45billion in, about 5% over the previous year Poultry meat production
estimated about 2.47 million tones.

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 Poultry Production 104 billion

 Meat Production 3.8 million MT

□ Milk & Dairy

Whole Milk Powder, Skimmed milk powder, Condensed milk, Ice cream,
Butter and Ghee.

 Production of milk in India 199 Million MT

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□ Grain and Cereals
Flour, Bakeries, Biscuits, Starch Glucose, Cornflakes, Malted Foods,
Vermicelli, Pasta Foods, Beer and Malt extracts, Grain based Alcohol.

OPPORTUNITIES OF FOOD PROCESSING

INDUSTRY IN DIFFERENT SECTOR IN INDIA

The Ministry of Food Processing Industries (MoFPI) has undertaken 10 major

schemes to boost up the food processing sector in India by spending Rs- 591.38
Crores under them. The government is trying to create a congenial environment for
the food processing sector to grow and flourish; now the private enterprises should
also come forward in food processing and tap this new avenue. The major schemes
that have been undertaken by MoFPI.

Untapped market with strong growth potential

• Fragmented market leads to lower processing levels and value addition
• The government plans to raise value addition to 35 per cent by 2015 from 20
per cent in 2005
• PPP modules ideal for the private sector
• Strong demand growth; household consumption set to double by 2022

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Potential global outsourcing hub

• Global supermarket majors looking at India as a major outsourcing hub
• India enjoys favourable supply-side fundamentals (abundant raw
materials supply, cost advantages)
• The government has helped by investing in AEZs, mega food parks, easier
credit
• The establishment of food parks – a unique opportunity for entrepreneurs,
including foreign investors to enter in the Indian food processing sector.

Supply chain infrastructure and contract farming

• Both firms and the government are eager to boost efficiency and access
to markets
• Investment potential of USD22 billion in food processing infrastructure; 100
per cent FDI in this area
• Firms increasingly taking recourse to contract farming in order to
secure supply
• Supply chain infrastructure – this niche has investment potential in food
processing infrastructure, the government’s main focus is on supply
chain related infrastructure like cold storage, abattoirs and food parks.

Fruits and Vegetables Sector

 India witnesses 4.58%- 15.88% wastage in fruits and vegetables thus,
opportunity lies in investing in initiatives that help reducing wastage levels
including infrastructure (cold chain, processing infrastructure)  New
Technology in F&V Processing.

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 Cold Chain and Pack houses- Farm level, logistics, end product storage and
point of retail.
 Packaging Technology
 Food Testing Labs with latest equipment and technology

Dairy Sector
 Advanced technology equipment for increasing milk procurement efficiency,
value addition for dairy products etc.
 Innovation in packaging solutions
 New product development for cattle feed
 New veterinary care technology & cattle diagnostics services

Poultry & Meat Sector

 New technologies for meat & poultry processing
 Innovations in cold chain for better utilisation efficiency
 New veterinary technology/services
 Food Testing Labs
 New products value added products frozen/chilled products, RTC/RTE, Indian
ethnic products/snacks
 Egg powder plants
 New feed formulations and manufacturing

Fisheries & Marine Sector

 Upgradation and capacity expansion for cold chain.
 Innovations in packaging for increased shelf life and product differentiation.

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 Infrastructure development for fishing harbours/landing centers/wholesale
markets as per international standards.
 Value addition and product development, especially RTE/RTC products for
the domestic as well as export market
 Potential to process value added products with Indian taste like fish/shrimp
pickle, fish/shrimp curry, skewers, marinated fish with Indian spices etc.

The major factors that are responsible for the growth of food processing
are:
1. Increased spending on food products:
2. Increase in the number of nuclear families and working women.

3. Increase in the demand for functional foods.

4. Change in demographics has led to a rise in disposable income.

5. Increasing urbanization: changing lifestyle and aspirations.
6. Growth in organized retailing and penetration of private labels/brand names.

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CHALLENGES FOR FOOD
PROCESSING
INDUSTRIES
Major constraints for the growth of the Indian food processing industry include the
absence of adequate infrastructure, particularly rural road connectivity, inadequacy
of information and marketing linkages, lack of electricity supply, and the absence of
cold chain systems. The cold chain capacity caters to less than 10 percent of the
produce and within that facilities are so rudimentary that over 80 percent are only
capable of handling potatoes. Maintaining the standards of quality is another major
constraint and there are two aspects to it. First, there is poor infrastructure for
storing raw food materials. The two main types of storages – the warehouses and the
cold storages, lag in storage standards. The pests infest the grains sometimes due to
lack of monitoring, proper use of pesticides and proper ventilation. Similarly, the
power outages result in suboptimal function of the cold-storages and the quality of
food material in the cold storages becomes questionable. The second important
aspect is having poor quality standards and control methods for implementing the
quality standards for processing and packaging the processed foods. For example,
vegetables may not be washed properly and processed into either ready to eat food
or packaged as cut and ready to cook vegetables. High costs and low availability of
credit remain a problem because even within the priority sector, lending by banks
for agriculture, food processing receives only 4.5 per cent of the ear marked credit.
The regulatory framework preventing farmers from directly marketing their
produce, except through designated agricultural markets adds to cost and impairs
flexibility.
Packaging is usually poor but its cost is high and become unbearable for small
producers. Another important constraint is the legal frame work currently; food laws
span nine ministries, comprising 13 central orders alone. In addition, states have
their own control orders.

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Wastages in Key Horticulture and Cereal Crops

1. Seasonality of processing operations and low-capacity utilization: The

agricultural produce is seasonal and perishable in nature, therefore, its
availability is limited to a certain period of time. The lack o1 adequate cold-
house storage structure/warehouse storage structures make the situation even
worse for the processing operations to carry during the off-season

2. Inadequate focus on quality and safety standards: The FSSAI and HACCP
standards are widely accepted by the consumers. It is easy for a factory/ start-up
to acquire these certifications but the follow-up procedures that whether the same
standard protocol is followed or not for processing is still under question. The
consumers have still not forgotten about the Maggi incident, wherein harmful
levels or MSG were found in it and the stand lost in trust amongst the
consumers.

3. Lack of product development and innovation: There is a lack of private or

public- funded research and development(R and D) in the food processing sector.

4. Supply chain institutional gaps: The procurement of food grains primarily

depends upon the APMC markets wherein the PCI procures food grains for
maintaining its buffer stock on behalf of the government. These food grains are
further allocated under targeted public distribution system (TPDS) to reach the
under-deprived section of the society. But there are certain leaky pipes and
constraints in this system.

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5. Supply chain infrastructural gaps: The six stages through which the inputs are
transformed into end product by undergoing processing activities for final
consumption. Lack of primary processing storage and distribution facilities
leads to additional post-harvest losses of food items.
6. Inadequate and inefficient link between production and processing

SWOT ANALYSIS OF FOOD

PROCESSING INDUSTRY

Though there are many promising dynamics which support good growth of this
industry, there are still some significant constraints which, if not addressed sooner,
can impede the growth prospects of the Food Processing Industry in India. One of the
biggest constraints is that this industry is capital intensive. It creates a strong entry
barrier and allows limited number of players to enter the market. Players mean
competition which reduces efforts to improve quality standards. Major challenges
faced by the Indian food processing industry include: educating consumers that
processed foods can be more nutritious; dealing with low price elasticity for processed
food products; need for distribution network; development of marketing channels;
streamlining of food laws; improving food quality standards and strengthening food
testing network; strengthening institutional framework to develop manpower for
improving R&D capabilities to address global challenges. These challenges must be
addressed to achieve full potential of the Indian food processing industry.

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STRENGTHS

Round the year availability of raw materials. Social acceptability of agro- processing
as important area and support from the central government. Vast network of
manufacturing facilities all over the country vast domestic market.

 Easy availability of raw materials as per the industry requirements

 Vast network of manufacturing facilities
 Wide spread domestic market
 Widened international market
 Social recognition to this industry as a source of livelihood
 Various government initiatives from time to time

WEAKNESSES

High requirement of working capital low availability of new reliable and better
accuracy instruments and equipment’s Inadequate automation w.r.t. information
management. Remuneration less attractive for talent in comparison to
contemporary disciplines. Inadequately developed linkages between R&D labs and
industry.  Requirement of investment
 Low technological equipment
 Inadequate automation with respect to information management 
Low salary/wage in comparison to other industry

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OPPORTUNITIES

Large crop and material base in the country due to agro ecological variability offers
vast potential for agro processing activities. Integration of developments in
contemporary technologies such as electronics, material science, computer,
biotechnology etc. offer vast scope for rapid improvement and progress. Opening of
global markets may lead to export of our developed technologies and facilitate
generation of additional income and employment opportunities.
 Large population of the country
 Increase in level of living of the individuals
 Increase in both earning concept among the new generation
 Opening of the global market
 Development of supportive industries like electronics, computer science etc.

THREATS

Competition from global players Loss of trained manpower to other industries and
other professions due to better working conditions prevailing there may lead to further
shortage of manpower. Rapid developments in contemporary and requirements of the
industry may lead to fast obsolescence.

 Huge competition from global leaders

 Frequent changing nature of global laws on food production
 Non availability of adequate land for the raw materials and land  Reduce
in interest among the works for this sector

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PORTER FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS

Threat of New Entrants

(Medium)

Power Rivalry
of (High) (Medium) Products (Low)

Power
of Suppliers (Low)

COMPETITIVE RIVALRY

 Due to a large influence of unorganised sector in the industry, the competition is

intense.
 Existence of brand loyalty in certain products towards existing firms such
as Amul in case of butter limits competition in these products.

THREAT OF NEW ENTRANCE

• Capital Intensive - High investments are required to set up processing

units; this acts as an entry barrier for new players.

• Possibilities of wastages in processing.

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SUBSTITUTE PRODUCTS
□ No close substitutes of products such as milk, fresh fruits and vegetables are
available in the market

BARGAINING POWER OF CUSTOMERS

• Tastes and preferences of consumers in certain products change and
hence brand loyalty is low in these products

• Low switching cost makes consumers switch from one supplier to another

BARGAINING POWER OF SUPPLIERS

□ Low bargaining power of suppliers as the population largely relies
on unorganised sector for products such as milk and vegetables.

STRATEGIES ADOPTED TO OVERCOME THE

CHALLANGES

Rising business and product innovation

• Companies have been moving up the value chain; for example, cooperatives are
transitioning from being pure producers of milk to offering a wide range of
dairy products
• Both domestic and global firms have been focusing on product innovation to
cater to domestic tastes, while also introducing international flavours; for
example, Ruchi Soya is innovating by entering into the ready-to-cook
segment to meet the needs of people with significant time constraint to
provide a rich source of protein in the breakfast category

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Low - cost price strategy
• Low-cost price strategy is adopted so as to make the product affordable to the
consumers by guaranteeing them value for money. The main aim is to provide
quality products to the consumers at minimum cost, e.g., Amul Milk
• Parle and Sunfeast works on their pricing and costs so as to make the
products available at economical prices

Joint Ventures
• Many global and Indian companies are getting into joint ventures to
make global products available in India.
• Starbucks and TATA Alliance are one of the largest joint ventures
• Bharti Enterprises and Delmonte Pacific Ltd is the largest fresh baby
corn exporter in India.

Encouragement to private sector

• 100 per cent export-oriented units allowed to sell up to 50 per cent of
their produce in the domestic market
• Export earnings exempt from corporate taxes

Tax incentives and other sops

• Import duty scrapped on capital goods and raw materials for 100 per
cent export-oriented units
• 100 per cent tax exemption for five years, followed by 25 per cent
tax exemption for the next five years for new agro-processing
industries
• Full excise duty exemption for goods that are used in installation of cold
storage facilities

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Relaxed FDI norms

• 100 per cent FDI permitted under automatic route (except for alcohol, beer,
and sectors reserved for small scale industries)
• Repatriation of capital and profits permitted

Mega Food Parks

• The scheme based on “Cluster” approach, which creates a well-defined
agriculture/horticultural processing zone with better support of
infrastructure and well-established supply chain
• Aims at providing mechanisms to link agricultural production to the market
by bringing
• farmers, processors and retailers together
• Out of 10 projects planned in phase 1, 9 have been given final approval. CCEA
further approved 15 new projects in 2011 by allocating USD0.4 billion

Focus on infrastructure
• The sector has been assigned priority status for bank credit.
• 60 Agri Export Zones (AEZ) have been set up across the country
• According to Vision 2015 formulated by MOFPI, the government plans to
establish 30 mega food parks in public-private partnership mode across
the country; out of these, 10 have already been approved in the first phase

Incentives for development of storage facilities

• Investment-linked tax incentive of 100 per cent deduction of capital expenditure
for setting up and operating cold chain facilities (for specified products), and
for

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setting up and operating warehousing facilities (for storage of agricultural
produce)

Focus on R&D and modernization

• The government launched initiatives such as for the Setting Up/Upgradation of
Quality Control/Food Testing Laboratory, R&D and Promotional Activity
scheme and the Technology Upgradation/Setting
Up/Modernisation/Expansion of Food Processing Industries Scheme

National Mission on Food Processing

• MOFPI launched a new Centrally Sponsored Scheme (CSS) National Mission
on Food Processing to promote facilities for post-harvest operations, including
setting up of food processing industries in India

TECHNOLOGY IMPROVISATION

In Indian food processing technology, refinement of traditional equipment and

processes for production of different foods, feeds, fibers and fuel materials for best
quality, higher capacity, energy efficiency and reduced drudgery to workers have
taken place steadily. The conventional dryers found throughout the food industry are
spray dryers, freeze dryers, vacuum dryers, rotary dryers, fixed bed dryers, fluidised
bed dryers, etc. The low temperature and better control in the heat pump assisted dries
shows serval advantages over others. Over the past decade, advances in hardware and
software for digital images processing have motivated serval studies in the
development of these system to evaluate the quality of diverse and processed foods.

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Computer vision has long been recognised as a potential technique for the guidance or
control of agricultural and food processes.
Traditionally, quality inspection of agricultural and food
products has been performed by human graders. However, in most cases, these
manual inspections are time‐consuming and labour-intensive, tedious, repetitive and
subjective task. Moreover, the accuracy of the tests cannot be guaranteed. It has been
found by contrast that, the computer vision inspection of food products was more
consistent efficient and cost effective.

CONTROLLED ATMOSPHERE (CA) TECHNOLOGY for long‐term storage of

food grains: The chemical fumigation that is widely used for storage, although
effective at an extent, is not environment friendly. As an alternative, a Pressure Swing
Adsorption N2 generator was designed and established at IIT Bombay. This aids the
creation of nitrogen and carbon dioxide‐rich and oxygen‐depleted atmosphere in a
storage unit. Bag‐stacked items such as, cereal grains, seeds and black tea have been
successfully stored without any infestation, moisture pick-up and with superior quality
maintains in terms of taste, colour and aroma.

LIQUID NITROGEN BASED INDIVIDUAL QUICK FREEZING (IQF)

TECHNOLOGY for seafood: It is far superior to the conventional processes in terms
of quick-freezing time, better flavor and shape retention. When compared to the IQF
process using mechanical refrigeration (currently being used in India), the cryogenic
process developed at IIT Bombay uses liquid nitrogen as freezant. The seafood is
frozen individually by direct contact with nitrogen vapours and liquid nitrogen spray.
This offers greater convenience to the consumers and adds value to the products. The
Ministry of Food Processing Industry (MFPI) has provided first‐phase support for the
development.

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DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES IN AGRIFOOD

SYSTEMS
Digital transformation has the potential to deliver significant economic, social and
environmental benefits. The following examples demonstrate how digital technologies
can be applied to improve the efficiency and functioning of agrifood systems:

• The use of mobile applications providing price information to farmers can

reduce market distortions and help farmers to plan production processes.
For example, the M-Farm application in Kenya led to farmers changing
their cropping patterns and some reported receiving higher prices at market
as a result (Baumüller, 2015).
• Agricultural robots (‘agrobots’) are seen as a key trend that will deeply
influence agriculture in the future. Field agrobots are already being deployed to
help farmers measure, map and optimize water and irrigation use. Fleets of
small lightweight robots are now seen as a replacement for traditional high
mass tractors, allowing a gradual reduction of compaction, re-aeration of the
soil and benefits to soil function.
• Technologies can also support farmers to anticipate and respond to pest
attacks, crop failures and climatic changes through timely weather-based agro-
advisory messages.
• Precision Agriculture (PA) is an example of an application of the Internet of
Things (IoT) in agriculture. The use of Guidance Systems during planting and
fertilizer application can lead to cost savings in terms of seed, fertilizer and
tractor fuel, and can reduce working hours in the field. Variable Rate
Technologies (VRT) and drones (UAV) can also reduce water and pesticide use
and reduce labour and resource costs.

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• The importance of ERP software in agriculture is high, as it has the potential
to help streamline every process, from procurement to production to and
distribution. ERP can enable a farm (or related business) to respond more
organically to environmental challenges, adjust systems accordingly, and grow
into more cost-efficient businesses.
• Over the last few years, the growth in Artificial Intelligence technology (AI) has
strengthened agro- based businesses to run more efficiently. Companies that use
AI help farmers to scan their fields and monitor every stage of the production
cycle. AI technology is transforming the agricultural sector, as farmers can
depend on the data that satellite or UAV record to determine the state of the
farm rather than walking all the distance. AI can improve resource use, support
early decision making through predictive models and maintain 24/7 monitoring
systems.

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 FOOD PROCESSING INDUSTRY IN INDIA
2024
2022
VALUE CHAIN IN FOOD PROCESSING SECTOR AND
KEY PLAYERS

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 FOOD PROCESSING INDUSTRY IN INDIA
2024
2022
CONCLUSION
The Food Processing Industry sector in India is one of the largest in terms of
production, consumption, export and growth prospects. The government has accorded
it a high priority, with a number of fiscal reliefs and incentives, to encourage
commercialisation and value addition to agricultural produce. This sector is having
ample sector to prosper in future years ahead. These sector could be a good potential
for the Company Secretary professionals who wants to start their own enterprises. in
spite of the problems, agro‐processing technology in India has continued to make
steady progress towards modernisation. For future growth, new initiatives need to be
called for. The main focus should be directed towards minimising pre and post‐
harvest wastage, employment generation and export growth. Furthermore, there is a
need in the growth of accurate, fast methodologies of food processing technologies for
the ever increasing population and the increased expectation of food products of
highquality standards.
It has been noticed in the study that plenty of good research is being
carried out in biotechnological area and IT; however the same is not available at the
point of use. One of the ways to achieve effective information update is through
mobile application. It is recommended that more user-friendly ways to implement
these researches may be explored in future research.
A reinvention of the global food security system is recommended. The research and
development activities should be shared globally in order to avoid drainage of
resources in reinventing the same technology. This paper recommends that
involvement of Public Private Partnership in research, production practices and
supply can provide solutions to the increasing concern on food security globally. New
policies and incentives should be available for investment in this sector.

The important areas identified from the study where technological research needs to
be focused include:
• crop improvement by development of new and better quality of seeds
and agriculture extension facility
• usage of water and fertilisers which are low cost and environment-friendly
• crop protection and effective management to avoid resistance problems by
use of biodegradable ways
• sustainable livestock farming and aquaculture with improved veterinary
drugs usage practices
• Reduction of post- harvest losses at storage and distribution.
• coordinated information sharing among the various stakeholder of the
food chain

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