NOTES - On Equality-2

On Equality
1st 3 QUESTIONS TO BE WRITTEN IN THE NOTE BOOK:
Q.1) Define Universal Adult Franchise .In a democracy why is Universal

Adult Franchise important?
Ans. i) In a democratic country, like India, all adults irrespective of what
religion they belong to, how much education they have had, what caste they
are, or whether they are rich or poor are allowed to vote.
ii) This is called universal adult franchise and is an essential aspect of all
democracies.
iii) The idea of universal adult franchise is based on the idea of equality and
that’s why it is important in a democracy.
Q.2) What do you understand by the term “All persons are equal before
the law”? Why do you think it is important in a democracy?
i) All citizens are equal before the law, which means that every person
from the president of the country to Kanta , a domestic worker has
to obey the same laws.
ii) No person can be discriminated against on the basis of their religion,

race caste, place of birth or whether they are female or male.
iii) Every person have access to all public places including

playgrounds, hotels, shops and markets. All persons can use publicly
available wells, roads and bathing ghats.
iv) untouchability has been abolished.
Equality is one of the most important elements of democracy and
hence it is important.
Q.3) How does our constitution ensure that all citizens are treated
equally?
Ans) Various provisions have been made by the Indian constitution to
ensure that all citizens are treated equally:
i) The constitution states that the government shall not deny to any citizen
equality before the law.
ii) It also prohibits discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste etc.
iii) It also lays down that no citizen shall, on grounds of religion, race, caste,
gender, place of birth, be subject to any restriction or disability with regard
to access to shops, hotels etc. or the use of wells, tanks etc.
Students can take the printout(Notes will be uploaded through clp)
Q.1) Write a short note on the Civil Rights Movement.

Ans. i).This was a movement in the late 1950s to push for equal rights for
African - Americans who were treated extremely unequally in the United
States and denied equality through law.
ii) Rosa Parks an African – American woman refused to give up her seat on
a bus to a white man on 1 December 1955, her refusal that day started a
huge agitation against the unequal ways in which African – Americans were
treated and which came to be known as the Civil Rights Movement.
iii). The Civil Rights Act of 1964 prohibited discrimination on the basis of
race, religion or national origin.
Q.2) Mention any two ways in which the government tried to implement
the equality. Give one example of each.
Ans i) The two ways in which the government has tried to implement the
equality that is guaranteed in the Constitution is first through laws and
second through government programmes or schemes to help disadvantaged
communities.
ii) There are several laws in India that protect every person’s right to be
treated equally. Eg. Abolition of untouchability.
iii) In addition to laws, the government has also set up several schemes to
improve the lives of communities and individuals who have been treated
unequally for several centuries. Eg. Midday meal scheme in government
elementary schools.
___________________________ _____________
Q.3) What are the advantages of midday meal programme implemented
by the government?
Ans. Midday meal programme has had many positive effects:

i) These include the fact that more poor children have begun enrolling and
regularly attending school.
ii) Earlier children would often go home for lunch and then not return to
school but now with the midday meal being provided in school, their
attendance has improved.
iv) This programme has also helped reduce caste prejudices because
both lower and upper caste children in the school eat this meal
together, and in quite a few places, dalit women have been
employed to cook the meal.
v) The midday meal programme also helps to reduce the hunger of
poor students who often come to school and cannot concentrate
because their stomachs are empty.
#Definitions given in Glossary (pg. 15) to be marked as ‘Important’ in the

text book only.
*****************************************

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On Equality

1st 3 QUESTIONS TO BE WRITTEN IN THE NOTE BOOK:

Q.1) Define Universal Adult Franchise .In a democracy why is Universal

ii) No person can be discriminated against on the basis of their religion,

iii) Every person have access to all public places including

Students can take the printout(Notes will be uploaded through clp)

Q.1) Write a short note on the Civil Rights Movement.

Ans. Midday meal programme has had many positive effects:

#Definitions given in Glossary (pg. 15) to be marked as ‘Important’ in the

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