Brown Monochrome Simple Minimalist Presentation Template

HISTORY
Definition
History was derived from the Greek word historia which means
“knowledge acquired through inquiry or investigation”. History as a
disciplined existed for around 2, 400 years and is as old as mathematics and
philosophy. This term was then adapted to classical Latin where it acquired
a new definition. Historia became known as the account of the past of
a person or a group of people through written documents and
historical evidences.
Relevance of History
To make sense of history, it is necessary to first understand what it is
all about. Many people think that history is merely lists of names, dates,
places, and “important” events. However, History or the study of history is
more than just knowing and memorizing facts.
It is a historian’s duty to draw insights from the ideas and realities

that have shaped the lives of men and women and the society. And in
understanding these ideas, a historian (or, in fact, a student of history) can
comprehend how situations happened, identify their elements, and think of
how these situations can solve today’s predicaments, and help them plan for
the future.
The study of history, therefore, is the study of the beliefs and desires,
practices, and institutions of human beings
Reason to Study History
An examination of the past can tell us a great deal about how we came
to be who we are. It means looking at the roots of modern institutions, ideas,
values, and problems.
Looking at the past teaches us to see the world through different eyes-
appreciating the diversity of human perceptions, beliefs, and cultures.
Different and/or new perspectives will enable us to analyze critically
the present contexts of our society and beings.
I. Culture
DEFINITIONS
Robert Redfield Edward Tylor

Culture is an organized body of “Culture refers to that complex whole
conventional understanding manifest which includes knowledge, beliefs,
in art and artifacts which persisting art, morals, law, customs, and any
through tradition, characterizes a other capabilities and habits acquired
himan group. by man as a member of society.”
5
Characteristics of Culture
Culture id learned and acquired

Culture is shared and transmitted
Culture is social
Culture gratifies social needs
Culture is adaptive
Culture is for preservation
Culture os cumulative
Types of Culture
Material Culture Non-material Culture

-Refers to physical objects and -Includes creation and abstract ideas that
resources people use to define their are not embodied in physical objects.
culture.
-Physical aspects of a culture help to —Crucial guides for members of a culture to

define its members’ behaviors and use to know how to behave in their society
perceptions. and interpret the world.
Examples: Homes School Examples: Social Rules Ethics

Cities. Temples Roles. Beliefs
Mosques. Factories
5
Elements of Culture
1. KNOWLEDGE
This is the total range of what has been learned or perceived
as true. A body of information accumulated through
experience and study.
Natural Technological Supernatural Magical

—Dealing with Perceptions about — Methods of
— Pertains to natural
practical problems god, goddesses, influencing
world including both
and having the angels, demons or supernatural events
the biological and
knowledge on natural beings like by manipulating
physical aspects.
methods like: how to witches or prophets certain laws of
acquire food; how to who holds nature.
cure diseases; means supernatural powers.
of transportation and
weapons of war.
2.SOCIAL NORMS
Pertains to what the members of a certain group should do or
expected to do like ought, This is the society’s standard of
propriety, morality and legality.
Folkways Mores Laws

— Important to the
— Governing welfare of the people — Enacted by people
everyday behavior and their cherished who are in the
which may cause values. Based on governmental
dirty look or ethical and moral position which has
disapproval. values which are the power and
strongly held and authority.
emphasized.
Ex: Murder, Child
Abuse
3. VALUES
Abstract concept of what is important which are baesd
on our judgement. What we consider to be just, good
and desirable for us and the people around us. This
affects peoples basis in judging a certain situation
whether it be ugly or good.
4. BELIEFS
— They embody people’s perception about reality and
include primitive ideas.
Examples: Superstitions
Philippine Culture
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HISTORY

It is a historian’s duty to draw insights from the ideas and realities

Robert Redfield Edward Tylor

Culture id learned and acquired

Material Culture Non-material Culture

-Physical aspects of a culture help to —Crucial guides for members of a culture to

Examples: Homes School Examples: Social Rules Ethics

Natural Technological Supernatural Magical

Folkways Mores Laws

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