7A Midterm Part 2

Midterm Exam Short-Answer Questions
7h Grade Science A
Science 7A
Midterm Short Answers
Question 1: Scientific Thinking
Kim Mystery is wondering how the chemical reaction between baking soda (sodium
bicarbonate, NaHCO3), and vinegar (acetic acid, HC2H3O2) would change if she increased the
amount of baking soda. She notices that when she mixes the two substances into a bowl,
bubbles form. These bubbles will put out a candle. She decides to use 100 mL (7 tablespoons)
of vinegar every time and try it three different ways. The first time, she will use 2 grams of
baking soda, the next, 5 grams, and the next, 10 grams. Analyze Kim’s experimental design. In
your answer, include the following:
● Explain why Kim only changes the amount of baking soda.
● Describe how Kim could improve her experiment to make it more credible.
● Identity clues that indicate a chemical reaction occurred.
● Explain how to write a chemical equation and identify the possible parts for this
reaction.
 Kim only changes the amount of baking soda because she wants to know the
chemical reaction between baking soda will change or not if she increases the
amount of breaking soda. Basically, she keeps the amount of vinegar at 100 ml to
ensure that any changes of the chemical reaction will depend on baking soda.
 There are many ways to help Kim improve her experiment more credible. Firstly,
she can do her experiment many times for each amount of baking soda to ensure
that her results are reliable. Secondly, she can control environment such as
temperature and air pressure that may affect the chemical experiment.
 When chemical experiment occurrs, it will release bubbles and may change in the
temperature (colder or warmer) so it can easy to observe.
 Chemical equation:
NaHCo3 + HC2H3O2  CO2 + H20 + CH3COONA -
=>Reactants: Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO₃) and acetic acid (HC₂H₃O₂).
=>Products: The reaction produces carbon dioxide (CO₂), water (H₂O), and sodium acetate
(CH₃COONa).
Question 2: The Periodic Table
Imagine that a new element 117 has been discovered! Use your knowledge of the periodic
table to make some predictions about its properties. Offer a reasonable prediction based on
what you learned about the periodic table. In your response, include the following.
● The element’s atomic number AND what it means.
● The number of valence electrons AND what it means.
● The element group membership AND two other elements that are in that group.
● If the element is more likely to have metallic or nonmetallic properties and why.
● How reactive the element would be in comparison to group 18.
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✐
 Atomic Number: 117
Meaning: The atomic number represents the number of protons found in the nucleus of an
atom of the element. For element 117, this means it has 117 protons and, in a neutral
atom, also 117 electrons.
 Valence Electrons: 7
The number of valence electrons determines how an element interacts and bonds with
other elements. Elements with 7 valence electrons, like element 117, are typically very
reactive.
 Element 117 would belong to Group 17, also known as the halogens.
Two other elements in this group are fluorine (F) and chlorine (Cl). Halogens are known for
their high reactivity and tendency to form salts when they react with metals.
 Element 117 which belongs to group 17 are Halogen so it will be nonmetallic
properties.
Element 117 is likely to more reactive than other elements on group 18 because each
element on group 18 has 8 electrons making them stable. However, element 117 has 7
electrons so it very reactive with many other elements on group 18.
Question 3: Cell Energy
Imagine that life has been discovered on another planet! The astronauts took cell samples
from various organisms, and it is up to you to report their findings.
Sample Lifeform #1: All the cells have some kind of green organelle which takes
carbon dioxide (CO2) and makes oxygen (O2). It also has some cell organelles that take
the O2 and make CO2.
Sample Lifeform #2: All the cells in this organism have organelles that take oxygen
(O2) and make carbon dioxide (CO2).
You notice that these lifeforms are similar to plant and animal cells. Construct a scientific
argument to identify which lifeform is a plant cell and which is an animal cell.
● A claim that answers the question.
● Three pieces of evidence to support your claim.
● Give reasoning for your claim. Explain how and why the evidence supports your claim.
✐Sample lifeform #1 is plant cells and Sample lifeform #2 is animal cells.

Sample lifeform#1 have green organelle suggests the presence of chloroplasts, which are
responsible for photosynthesis.
Sample lifeform#1: Taking CO2 and releasing O2 strongly indicates that it undergoes
photosynthesis. This process is fundamental to plant life, distinguishing it from animals, which
do not perform photosynthesis.
Sample Lifeform #2 uses oxygen (O₂) and produces carbon dioxide (CO₂), indicating it
undergoes respiration, a process typical of animal cells.

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Midterm Exam Short-Answer Questions

Question 1: Scientific Thinking

Question 2: The Periodic Table

Page 1 of 3 © 2022 — Curators of the University of Missouri

Question 3: Cell Energy

✐Sample lifeform #1 is plant cells and Sample lifeform #2 is animal cells.

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